Occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in dogs from Cuiabá, Mato Grosso / Ocorrência de parasitos gastrointestinais em cães de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso

Gastrointestinal parasitism by helminths and protozoa poses risks to animal and human health owing to clinical changes and transmission of potentially zoonotic agents. Thus, the present study aimed to verify the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in dogs from the municipality of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil, using coproparasitological tests. From June 2021 to April 2022, faecal samples were collected from domestic dogs at the Veterinary Hospital and Animal Protection Shelters in the Cuiabá municipality. A semi-structured questionnaire was applied to the owners and those responsible for the shelters to analyse the factors associated with gastrointestinal parasitism. A total of 353 faecal samples were collected and subjected to parasitological flotation and sedimentation techniques. Data were analysed using the chi-squared test and exploratory factorial analysis. The occurrence of gastrointestinal parasitism was 22.66% and the parasites found alone or in mixed infections were Ancylostoma spp., Trichuris vulpis, Toxocara spp., Dipylidium caninum, Cystoisospora spp., Giardia duodenalis, and coccidia. It was concluded that the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in dogs is frequent, and the variables associated with these infections were source origin, breed, age, coexistence with other animals, and dull fur.(AU)

O parasitismo gastrointestinal por helmintos e protozoários apresenta riscos à saúde animal e humana devido às alterações clínicas e transmissão de agentes potencialmente zoonóticos. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar a ocorrência de parasitoses gastrointestinais em cães do município de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil, utilizando-se exames coproparasitológicos. De junho de 2021 a abril de 2022, foram coletadas amostras fecais de cães domésticos no Hospital Veterinário e Abrigos de Proteção Animal do município de Cuiabá. Foi aplicado um questionário semiestruturado aos tutores e responsáveis pelos abrigos para analisar os fatores associados ao parasitismo gastrointestinal. Um total de 353 amostras fecais foram coletadas e submetidas às técnicas de flotação e sedimentação parasitológica. Os dados foram analisados, utilizando-se o teste Qui-quadrado e a análise fatorial exploratória. A ocorrência de parasitismo gastrointestinal foi de 22,66%, e os parasitos encontrados isoladamente ou em infecções mistas foram Ancylostoma spp., Trichuris vulpis, Toxocara spp., Dipylidium caninum, Cystoisospora spp., Giardia duodenalis e Coccidia. Conclui-se que a ocorrência de parasitoses gastrointestinais em cães é frequente, e as variáveis associadas a essas infecções foram procedência, raça, idade, convivência com outros animais e pelagem opaca.(AU)

New small-sized species of Astyanax (Characiformes: Characidae) from the upper rio Paraguai basin, Brazil, with discussion on its generic allocation

A new species of Astyanax is described from the rio Salobra, tributary of rio Cuiabá, rio Paraguai basin. The new taxon can be distinguished from its congeners by having a well-defined dark midlateral stripe on body extending from the posterior margin of the opercle to the base of middle caudal-fin rays and a single vertical elongate humeral blotch. Although the new species is described in Astyanax, some specimens present an incomplete or a discontinuous series of perforated scales in the lateral line. Therefore, a discussion on its generic allocation is presented. Comments on different patterns of coloration among dark-striped species of Astyanax are also provided. The discovery of a new species in an underwater tourist point relatively near a large urban center underscores that even fish species daily observed by hundreds of people in limpid waters may lack a formal taxonomic identity. Such finding also highlights how the megadiverse Brazilian freshwater ichthyofauna still needs efforts and investments to identify and describe new taxa.(AU)

Uma nova espécie de Astyanax é descrita do rio Salobra, afluente do rio Cuiabá, bacia do rio Paraguai. O táxon novo pode ser diferenciado de seus congêneres por apresentar uma faixa médio-lateral escura bem definida no corpo, se estendendo da margem posterior do opérculo até a base dos raios medianos da nadadeira caudal e por possuir uma mancha umeral verticalmente alongada. Apesar da espécie nova ser descrita em Astyanax, alguns exemplares apresentam uma série incompleta ou descontínua de escamas perfuradas na linha lateral. Assim, uma discussão sobre sua alocação genérica é apresentada. Comentários sobre os diferentes padrões de coloração de espécies de Astyanax com faixa escura também são fornecidos. A descoberta de uma espécie nova em um ponto turístico subaquático relativamente próximo a um grande centro urbano ressalta que mesmo as espécies de peixes observadas diariamente por centenas de pessoas em águas límpidas podem não ter uma identidade taxonômica formal. Tal achado também evidencia o quanto a megadiversa ictiofauna de água doce brasileira ainda precisa de esforços de coleta adicionais e investimentos para identificar e descrever os táxons novos.(AU)

The influence of season, environment, sex, and body mass on biochemical profile of the freshwater turtle Phrynops geoffroanus (Schweigger, 1812) / [Influência da estação, do ambiente, do sexo e da massa corporal no perfil bioquímico do cágado Phrynops geoffroanus (Schweigger, 1812)]

We analyzed the influence of the season, the environment, and the sex, as well as the relation of body mass (BM) in the serum albumin (ALB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine (C), creatine kinase (CK), phosphorus (P), total calcium (tCa), total protein (TP), urea (U), uric acid (UA), calcium:phosphorus ratio (Ca:P), and the globulin value (GV) of thirty individuals of Phrynops geoffroanus of the urban area of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The modeling of biochemical parameters was performed using the Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale and Shape (GAMLSS) to verify the influence of variables considered in this study on each of the biochemical parameters analyzed. The season influenced AST, CK, C, tCa, Ca:P and UA. The environment influenced tCa, Ca:P, U and UA. On the other hand, CK, tCa, P, Ca:P and U differed significantly between males and females. Regarding the BM, a relationship of this variable was observed with CK, C, tCa, P, U, UA and Ca:P. We concluded that the season, environment, sex, and body mass can influence the biochemical parameters of P. geoffroanus, and these factors should be routinely considered in the interpretation of laboratory results.

Analisou-se a influência da estação, do ambiente e do sexo, assim como a relação da massa corporal (BM) nos níveis sorológicos de albumina (ALB), aspartato aminotransferase (AST), creatinina (C), creatina quinase (CK), fósforo (P), cálcio total (tCa), sólidos totais (TS), ureia (U), ácido úrico (UA), relação cálcio:fósforo (Ca:P), e do valor da globulina (GV) de Phrynops geoffroanus da área urbana de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil. A modelagem dos parâmetros bioquímicos foi realizada utilizando-se os modelos aditivos generalizados para locação, escala e forma (GAMLSS) para verificar a influência das variáveis consideradas neste estudo em cada um dos parâmetros bioquímicos analisados. A estação sazonal influenciou os níveis de AST, CK, C, tCa, Ca:P e UA. O ambiente foi capaz de influenciar tCa, Ca:P, U e UA. Por outro lado, CK, tCa, P, Ca:P e U diferiram significativamente entre machos e fêmeas. Em relação à BM, observou-se relação dessa variável com CK, C, tCa, P, U, UA e Ca:P. Concluiu-se que a estação sazonal, o ambiente, o sexo e a massa corporal são capazes de influenciar os parâmetros bioquímicos de P. geoffroanus e que esses fatores devem ser rotineiramente considerados na interpretação dos resultados laboratoriais.

Granulomatous lymphadenitis in a dog caused by Mycobacterium intracellulare

Background: Mycobacteriosis is caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Mycobacterium, with considerable zoonoticpotential and risk to public health. Infection in dogs is rare and is usually associated with immunosuppression, resultingfrom eating meat or contact with contaminated soil or fomites. Dogs are also known as potential sources for the spread ofatypical tuberculosis in humans and other animals. This paper aims to describe the clinical, cytological, histopathological,and molecular findings of a male canine seen at University Veterinary Hospital of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, with generalizedlymphadenomegaly associated Mycobacterium intracellulare infection.Case: A 2-year-old male Lhasa Apso dog was referred to the University Veterinary Hospital in Cuiabá city, located in theMidwest region of Brazil. The patient had a history of intermittent claudication of the left pelvic limb for approximately6 months and lymphadenomegaly with progression for approximately 2 months. The dog had wheezing and generalizedlymphadenopathy (submandibular, axillary, and popliteal lymph nodes); cryptorchidism was also observed. A completeblood count revealed nonspecific results, and in the serum biochemical profile, the values of urea, creatinine, albumin, andalanine aminotransferase were within the reference range. No changes were observed on the radiography of the femurotibiopatellar joints. Considering the generalised lymphadenopathy, fine needle aspiration cytology and histopathologicalexamination through biopsy of the lymph nodes was performed. On the cytology and histopathology, numerous negativeimages of moderately refringent bacillary structures distending the cytoplasm from the macrophages was found. Thesamples were also subjected to special Ziehl-Neelsen staining, which confirmed an accentuated and diffuse granulomatouslymphadenitis associated with alcohol...

Granulomatous lymphadenitis in a dog caused by Mycobacterium intracellulare

Background: Mycobacteriosis is caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Mycobacterium, with considerable zoonoticpotential and risk to public health. Infection in dogs is rare and is usually associated with immunosuppression, resultingfrom eating meat or contact with contaminated soil or fomites. Dogs are also known as potential sources for the spread ofatypical tuberculosis in humans and other animals. This paper aims to describe the clinical, cytological, histopathological,and molecular findings of a male canine seen at University Veterinary Hospital of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, with generalizedlymphadenomegaly associated Mycobacterium intracellulare infection.Case: A 2-year-old male Lhasa Apso dog was referred to the University Veterinary Hospital in Cuiabá city, located in theMidwest region of Brazil. The patient had a history of intermittent claudication of the left pelvic limb for approximately6 months and lymphadenomegaly with progression for approximately 2 months. The dog had wheezing and generalizedlymphadenopathy (submandibular, axillary, and popliteal lymph nodes); cryptorchidism was also observed. A completeblood count revealed nonspecific results, and in the serum biochemical profile, the values of urea, creatinine, albumin, andalanine aminotransferase were within the reference range. No changes were observed on the radiography of the femurotibiopatellar joints. Considering the generalised lymphadenopathy, fine needle aspiration cytology and histopathologicalexamination through biopsy of the lymph nodes was performed. On the cytology and histopathology, numerous negativeimages of moderately refringent bacillary structures distending the cytoplasm from the macrophages was found. Thesamples were also subjected to special Ziehl-Neelsen staining, which confirmed an accentuated and diffuse granulomatouslymphadenitis associated with alcohol...(AU)

Degeneração mixomatosa das válvulas atrioventriculares em cachorro-do-mato (Cerdocyon thous) - diagnóstico ecocardiográfico / Myxomatous degeneration of atrioventricular valves in a crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) - echocardiography diagnosis

Background: The myxomatosis degeneration is a degenerative cardiac valve disease, with a higher incidence in maleand senile canids. The diagnosis is made by a doppler echocardiography exam. Although there are few reports on the occurrence of cardiopathies in wild dogs (Cerdocyon thous), some studies on their cardiological parameters can be found.Considering this, and knowing that the cardiopathies in wild canids are common post mortem findings, the objective of thisstudy is to describe the echocardiography diagnosis of a case of myxomatous degeneration of the atrioventricular valvesin 1 wild dog (Cerdocyon thous) living in captivity.Case: It was treated at the Diagnostic Imaging Department of the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso(HOVET-UFMT), 1 wild dog (C. thous), male, living in captivity with approximately 10-year-old, directed by the Center ofMedicine and Research in Wild Animals of Cuiabá, to perform echocardiography exam. The patient was submitted to anesthesiafor proper examination, which was used Esaote® machine model MyLabFive VET with sector scan transducer (4.0 -7.5 MHz).The longitudinal, transverse and apical scan planes were obtained through left and right parasternal windows. The evaluation ofM mode exposed ejection fraction and shortening increased, of 81% and 47%, respectively, however it showed no increase insystolic and diastolic values of left ventricle, nor in right cavities on subjective evaluation. The relation between the left atrium(LA) and the aorta (Ao) remained normal, at 1.2 mm, with dimensions of 13.4 mm from the AO and 16.3 mm from LA, compatible with species parameters or domestic canines. The atrioventricular valves showed thickening and irregularities in their cusps,with great intensity in the left atrioventricular valve (LAV). The Doppler mode analysis revealed a turbulent systolic flow into the...

Effects of urbanization and environmental heterogeneity on fish assemblages in small streams

The structure of freshwater assemblages may be driven directly by urbanization or indirectly by a reduction in environmental heterogeneity (EH). Disentangling the effects of urbanization and EH requires uncorrelated proxies of each of these factors. We assessed the effects of the degree of urbanization and EH on the structure of fish assemblages. We sampled fish in 45 streams located in the urban area of Cuiabá. We assessed the effects of urbanization and EH on rarefied fish species richness (Srarefied), the local contribution to beta diversity (LCBD), and composition with linear models and distance-based redundancy analysis. Our indexes of urbanization and EH were not correlated. We found that both Srarefied and the LCBD decreased with an increasing degree of urbanization, but were not associated with EH. We also noted that few native fish species abundances were associated with the EH. Serrapinnus microdon, S. calliurus, Hemigrammus tridens, and Astyanax lacustris were abundant in streams with a lower degree of urbanization. The non-native Poecilia reticulata was more abundant in streams with a higher degree of urbanization. Our results highlight that urbanization leads in negative impacts on fish assemblages, such as decreases in diversity and the dominance of non-native species.(AU)

A estrutura de assembleias de água doce pode ser influenciada diretamente pela urbanização ou indiretamente por reduções em heterogeneidade ambiental (HA). Para separar os efeitos da urbanização dos da HA, variáveis substitutas a esses processos precisam ser não-correlacionadas. Avaliamos os efeitos do grau de urbanização e HA na estrutura das assembleias de peixes. Amostramos peixes em 45 riachos localizados na área urbana de Cuiabá. Avaliamos os efeitos da urbanização e HA na riqueza rarefeita de espécies de peixes (Srarefeita), contribuição local para a diversidade beta (LCBD) e composição de espécies utilizando modelos lineares e análise de redundância baseada em distância. Nossos índices de urbanização e HA não foram correlacionados. Observamos que tanto a Srarefeita e a LCBD diminuíram com aumentos no grau de urbanização, mas não foram correlacionadas com a HA. Também observamos que as abundâncias de poucas espécies de peixes nativos correlacionaram-se com HA. Serrapinnus microdon, S. calliurus, Hemigrammus tridens e Astyanax lacustris foram mais abundantes em riachos com menor grau de urbanização. A não-nativa Poecilia reticulata foi mais abundante em riachos com maior grau de urbanização. Nossos resultados destacam que a urbanização resulta em impactos negativos nas assembleias de peixes, tais como reduções da diversidade e a dominância de espécies não-nativas.(AU)

Nutrition and bioactive potential of the noni fruit cultivated from the Mato Grosso State / Potencial nutricional e bioativo do noni cultivado no estado de Mato Grosso

The objective was to evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of noni (Morinda citrifolia) grown in the Mato Grosso State. Ripe fruits from a field located in Cuiabá-MT, had the peel, pulp and seeds separated and subjected to different evaluations. The fruit parts were characterized physically and chemically. Determinations of vitamin C, carotenoids, phenolics and the total antioxidant activity of the fruit mesocarp (pulp) were made. Noni cultivated in the Mato Grosso State presents high levels of potassium, calcium and sodium, with predominance of potassium. The protein content was higher in the seed, and the ash, in the peel, respectively. Noni pulp showed high levels of vitamin C, carotenoids and phenolics and can be considered a potential antioxidant.(AU)

Objetivou-se avaliar as características físicas e químicas do noni (Morinda citrifolia) cultivado no estado de Mato Grosso. Frutos maduros provenientes de um plantio localizado na cidade de Cuiabá, MT, tiveram a casca, polpa e as sementes separadas e submetidas a diferentes avaliações. As partes das frutas foram caracterizadas física e quimicamente. Foram feitas determinações de vitamina C, de carotenoides, de fenólicos e da atividade antioxidante total do mesocarpo (polpa) do fruto. O noni cultivado no Mato Grosso apresenta altos níveis de potássio, cálcio e sódio, com predominância de potássio. O teor de proteína foi maior na semente e, de cinzas, na casca, respectivamente. A polpa de noni apresentou altos níveis de vitamina C, carotenoides e fenólicos e pode ser considerado um potencial antioxidante.(AU)

Effects of urbanization and environmental heterogeneity on fish assemblages in small streams

The structure of freshwater assemblages may be driven directly by urbanization or indirectly by a reduction in environmental heterogeneity (EH). Disentangling the effects of urbanization and EH requires uncorrelated proxies of each of these factors. We assessed the effects of the degree of urbanization and EH on the structure of fish assemblages. We sampled fish in 45 streams located in the urban area of Cuiabá. We assessed the effects of urbanization and EH on rarefied fish species richness (Srarefied), the local contribution to beta diversity (LCBD), and composition with linear models and distance-based redundancy analysis. Our indexes of urbanization and EH were not correlated. We found that both Srarefied and the LCBD decreased with an increasing degree of urbanization, but were not associated with EH. We also noted that few native fish species abundances were associated with the EH. Serrapinnus microdon, S. calliurus, Hemigrammus tridens, and Astyanax lacustris were abundant in streams with a lower degree of urbanization. The non-native Poecilia reticulata was more abundant in streams with a higher degree of urbanization. Our results highlight that urbanization leads in negative impacts on fish assemblages, such as decreases in diversity and the dominance of non-native species.(AU)

A estrutura de assembleias de água doce pode ser influenciada diretamente pela urbanização ou indiretamente por reduções em heterogeneidade ambiental (HA). Para separar os efeitos da urbanização dos da HA, variáveis substitutas a esses processos precisam ser não-correlacionadas. Avaliamos os efeitos do grau de urbanização e HA na estrutura das assembleias de peixes. Amostramos peixes em 45 riachos localizados na área urbana de Cuiabá. Avaliamos os efeitos da urbanização e HA na riqueza rarefeita de espécies de peixes (Srarefeita), contribuição local para a diversidade beta (LCBD) e composição de espécies utilizando modelos lineares e análise de redundância baseada em distância. Nossos índices de urbanização e HA não foram correlacionados. Observamos que tanto a Srarefeita e a LCBD diminuíram com aumentos no grau de urbanização, mas não foram correlacionadas com a HA. Também observamos que as abundâncias de poucas espécies de peixes nativos correlacionaram-se com HA. Serrapinnus microdon, S. calliurus, Hemigrammus tridens e Astyanax lacustris foram mais abundantes em riachos com menor grau de urbanização. A não-nativa Poecilia reticulata foi mais abundante em riachos com maior grau de urbanização. Nossos resultados destacam que a urbanização resulta em impactos negativos nas assembleias de peixes, tais como reduções da diversidade e a dominância de espécies não-nativas.(AU)

Interval between defoliation and nitrogen fertilization of Panicum maximum cultivars / Intervalo entre a desfolha e a adubação nitrogenada de cultivares de Panicum maximum

Forage is a low-cost food for cattle production. To achieve maximum economic and productive efficiency, nitrogen dose must be adjusted as well as the ideal time to carry out the application. Thereby, this work aimed to identify the appropriate moment to realize nitrogen maintenance fertilization on cultivars of Panicum maximum (syn. Megathyrsus maximus): BRS Tamani e MG 12 Paredão. Two experiments were carried out in a greenhouse. The first experiment (Experiment 1) at Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, and the second experiment (Experiment 2) at Federal University of Rondonópolis. Treatments consisted of five intervals between forage defoliation and nitrogen fertilization: 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 days. Harvests were done when Tamani and MG 12 Paredão guinea grass reached 30+0.70 and 78 +0.70 cm, respectively. The intervals between forage defoliation and nitrogen fertilization did not influence the development of MG 12 Paredão, except for tiller number. In contrast, the intervals between forage defoliation and nitrogen fertilization of BRS Tamani changed the leaf number, tiller number, dry mass of each leaf blade, dry mass of each tiller, leaf blade dry mass, stem dry mass and shoot dry mass. The longer the interval between defoliation and nitrogen fertilization on BRS Tamani, the greater the decrease in development, which impacted negatively on forage mass. There was no common biological response for both cultivars, even belonging to the same species, therefore, MG 12 Paredão has flexibility for fertilization timing, while BRS Tamani fertilization should be performed as close as possible to defoliation.

A forragem é um alimento de baixo custo para produção de bovinos. Para atingir a máxima eficiência econômica e produtiva, a adubação nitrogenada deve estar ajustada, o que se refere a dose e momento ideal para realizar a aplicação do fertilizante. Com isso, objetivou-se identificar o intervalo entre a desfolha e a adubação nitrogenada para manutenção dos cultivares de Panicum maximum (syn. Megathyrsus maximus): BRS Tamani e MG 12 Paredão. Foram realizados dois experimentos em casa de vegetação, sendo o primeiro (Experimento 1) realizado na Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso, Cuiabá e o segundo (Experimento 2) na Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis. Os tratamentos consistiram em cinco intervalos entre a desfolha do capim e a adubação nitrogenada: 0, 2, 4, 6 e 8 dias. Os cortes foram realizados quando os capins Tamani e MG 12 Paredão atingiram 30 +0,70 e 78 +0,70 cm, respectivamente. O momento de adubação não influenciou o desenvolvimento do capim MG 12 Paredão, exceto número de perfilhos. Em contrapartida, o momento de adubação do capim BRS Tamani alterou várias características: número de folhas, número de perfilhos, massa seca de cada lâmina foliar, massa seca de cada perfilho, massa seca de lâmina foliar, massa seca de colmo+bainha e massa seca da parte aérea. Quanto maior o intervalo entre a desfolha e a adubação nitrogenada do capim BRS Tamani, maior a redução no desenvolvimento, o que impactou negativamente sobre a massa de forragem. Não houve resposta biológica comum aos dois capins de modo que o cultivar MG 12 Paredão tem flexibilidade quanto ao momento de adubação nitrogenada, enquanto a adubação do capim BRS Tamani deve ser realizada o mais próximo possível da desfolha.

Interval between defoliation and nitrogen fertilization of Panicum maximum cultivars / Intervalo entre a desfolha e a adubação nitrogenada de cultivares de Panicum maximum

Forage is a low-cost food for cattle production. To achieve maximum economic and productive efficiency, nitrogen dose must be adjusted as well as the ideal time to carry out the application. Thereby, this work aimed to identify the appropriate moment to realize nitrogen maintenance fertilization on cultivars of Panicum maximum (syn. Megathyrsus maximus): BRS Tamani e MG 12 Paredão. Two experiments were carried out in a greenhouse. The first experiment (Experiment 1) at Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, and the second experiment (Experiment 2) at Federal University of Rondonópolis. Treatments consisted of five intervals between forage defoliation and nitrogen fertilization: 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 days. Harvests were done when Tamani and MG 12 Paredão guinea grass reached 30+0.70 and 78 +0.70 cm, respectively. The intervals between forage defoliation and nitrogen fertilization did not influence the development of MG 12 Paredão, except for tiller number. In contrast, the intervals between forage defoliation and nitrogen fertilization of BRS Tamani changed the leaf number, tiller number, dry mass of each leaf blade, dry mass of each tiller, leaf blade dry mass, stem dry mass and shoot dry mass. The longer the interval between defoliation and nitrogen fertilization on BRS Tamani, the greater the decrease in development, which impacted negatively on forage mass. There was no common biological response for both cultivars, even belonging to the same species, therefore, MG 12 Paredão has flexibility for fertilization timing, while BRS Tamani fertilization should be performed as close as possible to defoliation.(AU)

A forragem é um alimento de baixo custo para produção de bovinos. Para atingir a máxima eficiência econômica e produtiva, a adubação nitrogenada deve estar ajustada, o que se refere a dose e momento ideal para realizar a aplicação do fertilizante. Com isso, objetivou-se identificar o intervalo entre a desfolha e a adubação nitrogenada para manutenção dos cultivares de Panicum maximum (syn. Megathyrsus maximus): BRS Tamani e MG 12 Paredão. Foram realizados dois experimentos em casa de vegetação, sendo o primeiro (Experimento 1) realizado na Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso, Cuiabá e o segundo (Experimento 2) na Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis. Os tratamentos consistiram em cinco intervalos entre a desfolha do capim e a adubação nitrogenada: 0, 2, 4, 6 e 8 dias. Os cortes foram realizados quando os capins Tamani e MG 12 Paredão atingiram 30 +0,70 e 78 +0,70 cm, respectivamente. O momento de adubação não influenciou o desenvolvimento do capim MG 12 Paredão, exceto número de perfilhos. Em contrapartida, o momento de adubação do capim BRS Tamani alterou várias características: número de folhas, número de perfilhos, massa seca de cada lâmina foliar, massa seca de cada perfilho, massa seca de lâmina foliar, massa seca de colmo+bainha e massa seca da parte aérea. Quanto maior o intervalo entre a desfolha e a adubação nitrogenada do capim BRS Tamani, maior a redução no desenvolvimento, o que impactou negativamente sobre a massa de forragem. Não houve resposta biológica comum aos dois capins de modo que o cultivar MG 12 Paredão tem flexibilidade quanto ao momento de adubação nitrogenada, enquanto a adubação do capim BRS Tamani deve ser realizada o mais próximo possível da desfolha.(AU)

Displasia renal em filhote de tamanduá bandeira (Myrmecophaga trydactila) de vida livre - aspectos ultrassonográficos e tomográficos / Renal dysplasia in a free-living giant anteater cub (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) - ultrasonographic and tomographic aspects

Background: Renal dysplasia is a congenital disorder that occurs during differentiation of the renal parenchyma or as aconsequence of a functional and/or structural obstruction of the lower urinary tract. In wild animals, this pathology has beenreported in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis), golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) and African elephants(Loxodanta africana). However, there are no reports of the disease in the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla). Thus,this paper describes a case of renal dysplasia in a free-living giant anteater cub, which was sent to the wild animal clinicof the Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT) in Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.Case: The rescued animal had a good body condition score and clinical parameters within the normal range for the species.After a routine clinical evaluation, the anteater cub was subjected to radiography and ultrasound tests. Blood tests, serumtests for hepatic and renal profiles, urinalysis, urinary protein creatinine ratio, and chest X-rays did not reveal significantchanges. However, the abdominal ultrasound examination revealed a volumetric loss of about 1.17 cm in length in theleft kidney, and a renal length to aortic artery diameter ratio of approximately 2.8. This kidney showed irregular contours,loss of corticomedullary demarcation, with preserved echogenicity and cortical echotexture. The right kidney showedthe standard size of the species, with a length of approximately 3.08 cm. In view of the suspicion of renal dysplasia, acontrast-enhanced CT scan was performed in order to assess the dynamics of uptake and excretion of the contrast mediumin the affected kidney and in the ipsilateral collecting system. An examination of the tomographic images indicated thatthe volume of the left kidney was reduced, isodense in relation to the right kidney, with discrete and homogeneous uptakein all phases after administration of the contrast medium, no occurrence of nephrogram...

Displasia renal em filhote de tamanduá bandeira (Myrmecophaga trydactila) de vida livre - aspectos ultrassonográficos e tomográficos / Renal dysplasia in a free-living giant anteater cub (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) - ultrasonographic and tomographic aspects

Background: Renal dysplasia is a congenital disorder that occurs during differentiation of the renal parenchyma or as aconsequence of a functional and/or structural obstruction of the lower urinary tract. In wild animals, this pathology has beenreported in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis), golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) and African elephants(Loxodanta africana). However, there are no reports of the disease in the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla). Thus,this paper describes a case of renal dysplasia in a free-living giant anteater cub, which was sent to the wild animal clinicof the Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT) in Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.Case: The rescued animal had a good body condition score and clinical parameters within the normal range for the species.After a routine clinical evaluation, the anteater cub was subjected to radiography and ultrasound tests. Blood tests, serumtests for hepatic and renal profiles, urinalysis, urinary protein creatinine ratio, and chest X-rays did not reveal significantchanges. However, the abdominal ultrasound examination revealed a volumetric loss of about 1.17 cm in length in theleft kidney, and a renal length to aortic artery diameter ratio of approximately 2.8. This kidney showed irregular contours,loss of corticomedullary demarcation, with preserved echogenicity and cortical echotexture. The right kidney showedthe standard size of the species, with a length of approximately 3.08 cm. In view of the suspicion of renal dysplasia, acontrast-enhanced CT scan was performed in order to assess the dynamics of uptake and excretion of the contrast mediumin the affected kidney and in the ipsilateral collecting system. An examination of the tomographic images indicated thatthe volume of the left kidney was reduced, isodense in relation to the right kidney, with discrete and homogeneous uptakein all phases after administration of the contrast medium, no occurrence of nephrogram...(AU)

Molecular prevalence and factors associated with Babesia vogeli infection in dogs in the Cerrado Mato-Grossense region of Brazil / Prevalência molecular e fatores associados à infecção por Babesia vogeli em cães do cerrado Mato-Grossense

Canine babesiosis is a common haemoparasitosis in Brazil. Caused by parasites of the genus Babesia, it is transmitted by ixodid ticks and affects domestic and wild canids. The objective of this study was to verify the prevalence of Babesia species (spp.) using molecular methods in dogs living in urban and rural areas of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, and to identify the main factors associated with infection. A total of 407 samples from 407 dogs were evaluated using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, among which Babesia species (spp.) was amplified in 10 (2.5%). Although, no statistical association was found among the variables studied (p>0.05), greater positivity was observed in dogs<1 year of age, male sex, those with free access to the street, and the presence of ticks. PCR samples positive for Babesia spp. were submitted to sequencing and compared in GenBank and exhibited a high degree of similarity with Babesia vogeli sequences.(AU)

Babesiose canina é uma hemoparasitose comum no Brasil. Causada por parasitos do gênero Babesia, é transmitida por carrapatos ixodídeos e acomete canídeos domésticos e silvestres. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a prevalência molecular da infecção por Babesia spp. em cães residentes em áreas urbanas e rurais do município de Cuiabá, estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil, e relacionar os principais fatores associados à infecção. Para a pesquisa foram avaliados 407 cães usando a PCR. Das 407 amostras analisadas, 10 (2,5%) amplificaram DNA de Babesia spp. Não foi observada associação estatística entre as variáveis pesquisadas (p>0,05), porém observou-se maior positividade em cães com idade inferior a um ano, machos, com livre acesso à rua e com a presença de carrapatos. Amostras positivas nas PCRs para Babesia spp. foram submetidas a sequenciamento e comparadas no GenBank, mostrando alto grau de similaridade com as sequências de B. vogeli.(AU)

Occurrence of DEA1.1 in blood donor dogs in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil / Ocorrência de DEA 1.1 em cães doadores de sangue em Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil

This study aimed to assess Dog Erythrocyte Antigen (DEA) 1.1 in donor dogs at the Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil, and review the relevant literature. The blood (60 samples; 1.5 mL volume, each) was collected in separate vacutainer tubes containing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and submitted for complete blood count; in addition, the samples were typed by RapidVet® based on agglutination due to specific interaction between DEA 1 antigen at the membrane surface of the erythrocyte and lyophilised murine monoclonal antibody on the test card. DEA1.1 positivity was observed in 81.6% (49 of 60) of test samples, while negative results were obtained in the remaining 18.3% (11 of 60). DEA 1.1 positive samples were comprised of 42.8% of purebred dogs and 38.3% of mixed breed dogs. With regard to sex in the DEA 1.1 positive group, 48.3% were male dogs and 33.3% were female dogs. The blood donor canine population showed high prevalence of DEA 1.1, which confirms that blood typing should be performed prior to blood transfusion in previously sensitised dogs.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a ocorrência do antígeno eritrocitário DEA (Dog Erythrocyte Antigen) 1.1 nos cães doadores de sangue no Hospital Veterinário Universitário em Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. O sangue (60 amostras; 1,5mL cada) Foram coletadas amostras de sangue de 60 cães em tubo a vácuo contendo ácido etilenodiamino tetra-acético (EDTA) para realização de hemograma; adicionalmente, foi realizada tipagem sanguínea com o kit RapidVet®, que baseia-se na aglutinação devido à interação entre os antígenos DEA 1 do antígeno eritrocitário com os anticorpos monoclonais presentes no cartão. Das amostras testadas, 81,6% (49 de 60) apresentaram positividade para DEA 1.1, enquanto que apenas 18,3%(11 de 60) foram negativas. Os cães com raça definida representaram 42,8% das amostras DEA 1.1, já os cães mestiços representaram 38,3%. Em relação ao sexo dos cães DEA 1.1, foi observada prevalência de 48,3% em machos e 33,3% em fêmeas. Este trabalho demonstrou a alta prevalência do grupo DEA 1.1 na população de cães doadores de sangue, o que ratifica a importância da tipagem sanguínea anteriormente à transfusão sanguínea em cães previamente sensibilizados.

Occurrence of DEA1.1 in blood donor dogs in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil / Ocorrência de DEA 1.1 em cães doadores de sangue em Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil

This study aimed to assess Dog Erythrocyte Antigen (DEA) 1.1 in donor dogs at the Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil, and review the relevant literature. The blood (60 samples; 1.5 mL volume, each) was collected in separate vacutainer tubes containing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and submitted for complete blood count; in addition, the samples were typed by RapidVet® based on agglutination due to specific interaction between DEA 1 antigen at the membrane surface of the erythrocyte and lyophilised murine monoclonal antibody on the test card. DEA1.1 positivity was observed in 81.6% (49 of 60) of test samples, while negative results were obtained in the remaining 18.3% (11 of 60). DEA 1.1 positive samples were comprised of 42.8% of purebred dogs and 38.3% of mixed breed dogs. With regard to sex in the DEA 1.1 positive group, 48.3% were male dogs and 33.3% were female dogs. The blood donor canine population showed high prevalence of DEA 1.1, which confirms that blood typing should be performed prior to blood transfusion in previously sensitised dogs.(AU)

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a ocorrência do antígeno eritrocitário DEA (Dog Erythrocyte Antigen) 1.1 nos cães doadores de sangue no Hospital Veterinário Universitário em Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. O sangue (60 amostras; 1,5mL cada) Foram coletadas amostras de sangue de 60 cães em tubo a vácuo contendo ácido etilenodiamino tetra-acético (EDTA) para realização de hemograma; adicionalmente, foi realizada tipagem sanguínea com o kit RapidVet®, que baseia-se na aglutinação devido à interação entre os antígenos DEA 1 do antígeno eritrocitário com os anticorpos monoclonais presentes no cartão. Das amostras testadas, 81,6% (49 de 60) apresentaram positividade para DEA 1.1, enquanto que apenas 18,3%(11 de 60) foram negativas. Os cães com raça definida representaram 42,8% das amostras DEA 1.1, já os cães mestiços representaram 38,3%. Em relação ao sexo dos cães DEA 1.1, foi observada prevalência de 48,3% em machos e 33,3% em fêmeas. Este trabalho demonstrou a alta prevalência do grupo DEA 1.1 na população de cães doadores de sangue, o que ratifica a importância da tipagem sanguínea anteriormente à transfusão sanguínea em cães previamente sensibilizados.(AU)

Chemical composition, kinetics of degradation, and digestibility of forage of different purpose sorghum cultivars / Composição bromatológica, cinética de degradação e digestibilidade de forragem de cultivares de sorgo de distintas aptidões

The aim of the study was to identify suitability of different purpose sorghum cultivars for silage production and for green chopping, at the first and second season, based on the chemical composition and degradation kinetics. The experiment was based on a randomized block design with four replicates, with sowing in the months of November and March, as the first and second season, respectively. The trial was conducted at the Plant Production Sector of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rondônia, Colorado do Oeste campus, and chemical analyses were performed at the Animal Nutrition Laboratory of the Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiaba campus. The treatments comprised six sorghum hybrids of different purposes (BRS 308 and BRS 310, grain sorghum; BRS 655 and BRS 610, forage sorghum; BRS 506 and CMSXS 647, sweet sorghum). The chemical composition, digestibility, and kinetic parameters were evaluated. At the first season, there was a higher digestibility (P < 0.0001) for sweet sorghum BRS 506, while for the second season, both grain sorghum BRS 308 and sweet sorghum cultivars BRS 506 and CMSXS 647 presented higher digestibility (P = 0.0005). Considering the nutritional value, all sorghum cultivars have the potential to produce silage, or to be used as green chop, at the first and second season.(AU)

Objetivou-se identificar, com base na composição bromatológica e cinética de degradação, híbridos de sorgo de diferentes propósitos para produção de silagem e para verde picado em primeira e segunda safra, no sul de Rondônia. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. O experimento foi realizado Setor de Produção Vegetal do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Rondônia, Campus Colorado do Oeste, e as análises bromatológicas foram realizadas no Laboratório de Nutrição Animal da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Cuiabá, em primeira e segunda safra, com semeadura nos meses de novembro e março, respectivamente. Os tratamentos consistiram em seis híbridos de sorgo de diferentes aptidões (BRS 308 e BRS 310, graníferos; BRS 655 e BRS 610, forrageiros; BRS 506 e CMSXS 647, sacarinos). As variáveis avaliadas foram a composição bromatológica, a digestibilidade e parâmetros cinéticos. Na primeira safra, observou-se maior digestibilidade (P <0,0001) para o sorgo sacarino BRS 506. Na segunda safra, evidenciou-se maior digestibilidade (P = 0,0005) em cultivares de sorgo sacarino e no sorgo granífero BRS 308. As cultivares de sorgo sacarino apresentaram maior digestibilidade, com maior proporção de proteína potencialmente digestível, com bom potencial de uso para ensilagem. Considerando o valor nutritivo, todas as cultivares de sorgo tem potencial para a produção de silagem e para verde picado em primeira e segunda safra.(AU)

New combination and redescription of Bumba humile, description of four new species and new records from Brazil (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae)

The taxonomic history of Bumba Pérez-Miles, Bonaldo & Miglio, 2014 is mainly based on the inclusion of the new species. Bumba have been characterized by the type IV urticating setae present, retrolateral process on male palpal tibia, palpal bulb resting in a ventral distal excavation of palpal tibia, metatarsus I passes between the two branches of tibial apophysis when flexed, presence of spiniform setae on prolateral and retrolateral sides of maxillae and coxae I-IV. In this paper we include the row of teeth (denticulate row) in the median region of the inferior prolateral keel in all male palps. This structure range from a residual tooth to a ridge of up to five teeth. Both, the denticulate row and the retrolateral process on male palpal tibia in males could be considered as putative synapomorphies for Bumba. Here, Homoeomma humile Vellard, 1924 is transferred to Bumba and redescribed, while the female is described for the first time. Bumba cabocla (Pérez-Miles, 2000) is synonymyzed with B. horrida (Schmidt, 1994). Bumba pulcherrimaklaasi (Schmidt, 1991) is transferred to Cyclosternum Ausserer, 1871. Four new species are described and illustrated: Bumba tapajos sp. nov. from state of Pará, Bumba cuiaba sp. nov. and Bumba rondonia sp. nov., both from states of Rondônia and Mato Grosso, respectively, and Bumba mineiros sp. nov. from Paraguay and the Brazilian states of Goiás, Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul. Diagnosis of B. horrida and B. lennoni are extended and figures of this species are presented.

Fauna flebotomínica e soroprevalência para leishmaniose visceral canina em área urbana na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil / [Phlebotomine fauna and seroprevalence for canine visceral leishmaniasis in urban area from Central-West region of Brazil]

A leishmaniose visceral americana (LVA) é uma zoonose de transmissão vetorial na qual o cão tem papel importante na epidemiologia da doença. No Brasil, a elevada prevalência da infecção em cães está diretamente correlacionada com o aumento no risco de ocorrência de casos de LVA. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a fauna flebotomínica e verificar a soroprevalência da leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC) na localidade Pedra 90, no município de Cuiabá. Para o levantamento entomológico, armadilhas CDC foram utilizadas de agosto de 2014 a julho de 2015. Na avaliação sorológica dos cães, o teste imunocromatográfico DPP LVC foi utilizado para a triagem das amostras, enquanto o ensaio imunoenzimático (EIE) para o diagnóstico da LVC (Bio-Manguinhos) foi empregado como teste confirmatório. O trabalho vem acrescentar à fauna flebotomínica do município de Cuiabá as espécies Lu. andersoni, Lu. braziliensis, Lu. bourrouli e Lu. scaffi, não registradas em publicações anteriores. Além disso, entre as espécies de flebotomíneos com importância médica, Lu. cruzi, Lu. flaviscutellata e Lu. whitmani foram capturadas. No inquérito canino, a prevalência de LVC observada na localidade Pedra 90 foi de 1,14%, indicando que a região pode ser considerada como área de transmissão.(AU)

American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL) is a vector-borne zoonosis in which the dog has an important role in the epidemiology of the disease. In Brazil, a high prevalence of canine infection is directly correlated with an increased risk of occurrence of AVL. The aim of this study was to investigate the phlebotomine fauna and seroprevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis in Pedra 90 region of Cuiabá municipality. For the entomological survey, CDC traps were used from August 2014 to July 2015. In the serological evaluation of dogs, the immunochromatographic test DPP LVC was employed for screening the samples while enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Bio-Manguinhos) was used as a confirmatory assay. The previously unreported phlebotomine species Lu. andersoni, Lu. braziliensis, Lu. bourrouli, and Lu. scaffi were added to the phlebotomine fauna of Cuiabá. In addition, the medically important phlebotomine species Lu. cruzi, Lu. flaviscutellata, and Lu. whitmani were identified. The canine survey revealed the prevalence of 1.14% for canine visceral leishmaniasis in the Pedra 90 region, the region being considered a transmission area.(AU)

New combination and redescription of Bumba humile, description of four new species and new records from Brazil (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae)

The taxonomic history of Bumba Pérez-Miles, Bonaldo & Miglio, 2014 is mainly based on the inclusion of the new species. Bumba have been characterized by the type IV urticating setae present, retrolateral process on male palpal tibia, palpal bulb resting in a ventral distal excavation of palpal tibia, metatarsus I passes between the two branches of tibial apophysis when flexed, presence of spiniform setae on prolateral and retrolateral sides of maxillae and coxae I-IV. In this paper we include the row of teeth (denticulate row) in the median region of the inferior prolateral keel in all male palps. This structure range from a residual tooth to a ridge of up to five teeth. Both, the denticulate row and the retrolateral process on male palpal tibia in males could be considered as putative synapomorphies for Bumba. Here, Homoeomma humile Vellard, 1924 is transferred to Bumba and redescribed, while the female is described for the first time. Bumba cabocla (Pérez-Miles, 2000) is synonymyzed with B. horrida (Schmidt, 1994). Bumba pulcherrimaklaasi (Schmidt, 1991) is transferred to Cyclosternum Ausserer, 1871. Four new species are described and illustrated: Bumba tapajos sp. nov. from state of Pará, Bumba cuiaba sp. nov. and Bumba rondonia sp. nov., both from states of Rondônia and Mato Grosso, respectively, and Bumba mineiros sp. nov. from Paraguay and the Brazilian states of Goiás, Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul. Diagnosis of B. horrida and B. lennoni are extended and figures of this species are presented.(AU)