Treatment of discoid lupus erythematosus in a dog with human intravenous immunoglobulin

Background: Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is a common canine autoimmune skin disease, in which systemic manifestations are absent. Skin Lesions are usually present on the nasal planum, and characterised by erythema, depigmentation, erosion, ulceration, and crusting. The diagnosis is based on histopathological results, which should demonstrate lymphoplasmacytic lichenoid-interface dermatitis. Human intravenous immunoglobulin (hIVIg) has been used in veterinary medicine to treat cutaneous diseases including erythema multiforme, PF, and severe adverse cutaneous drug reactions. In human medicine, it has been effective to treat DLE. This report firstly describes the clinical response to hIVIg in a dog with DLE resistant to common immunosuppressive drugs. Case: A 5-year-old, intact female Shih Tzu presented with a 1-month history of slowly progressive black crusting on the nasal planum, chin, and claw. Based on the results of a dermatologic examination, superficial pyoderma was diagnosed. The skin lesions did not improve during and after anti-infective treatment. After removing the crusts, a skin biopsy was obtained from the muzzle. Histopathology of lesional skin biopsy specimens revealed lymphoplasmacytic interface dermatitis at the dermoepidermal junction. Microscopic examination also revealed vacuolar changes and pigmentary incontinence of the basal layer as a lichenoid tissue reaction. No mites or fungi were detected on the skin section. The absence of acantholytic cells excluded pemphigus foliaceus, which is also characterised by the lesions of the nasal planum. Based on the distribution of the lesions, histopathology and exclusion of other dermatoses, the dog was diagnosed with DLE. The skin lesions temporarily improved after treatment with prednisolone (2 mg/kg PO q12h). However, after tapering the dose of prednisolone, new black crusts developed on the nasal planum and claw. Although the dog was successively treated with other immunosuppressive drugs, including azathioprine, cyclosporin with dexamethasone, and mycophenolate mofetil, black crusts still remained. Due to the low efficacy of these immunosuppressive drugs, hIVIg was administered at 0.5 g/kg once daily for 4 days, for a total dose of 2 g/kg. During hIVIg administration, the crusted lesions gradually improved. After the hIVIg administration, the dog was treated with prednisolone (1 mg/kg PO q12h). The lesions were almost in complete remission at 21 days after an additional application of prednisolone. The skin lesions did not recur, and the treatment was eventually discontinued after 6 weeks of additional prednisolone application. Discussion: The standard treatment of canine DLE includes glucocorticoids, and second-line immunosuppressive drugs, such as azathioprine and cyclosporine, are usually added in cases resistant to steroids. This case suggests that hIVIg may be beneficial as an adjunctive treatment option for canine DLE, especially when the application of standard immunosuppressive drugs is limited due to adverse effects or low efficacy. There is evidence from several studies that the steroid-sparing effect of hIVIg is significant in human patients. In the current case, the effective dose of prednisolone was reduced to 2 mg/kg/day after hIVIg administration, and prednisolone therapy was finally discontinued completely. The hIVIg appears to lower the daily steroid dose requirement in this dog.

Topical ozone therapy in the treatment of pharmacodermia in a dog (Canis lupus familiaris)

Background: Pharmacodermia is a drug reaction that manifests itself on the skin and mucous membranes. The main drugsthat cause pharmacodermia are β-lactam antibiotics. It has a rare occurrence in dogs and may present different clinical signs.Ozone therapy is used to treat various conditions, such as infections and inflammatory diseases. This therapy acts throughoxidative stress generating a positive inflammatory response to the body and stimulating the formation of granulation tissue andangiogenesis. Since pharmacodermia is rare in dogs and reports of ozonized sunflower oil and ozone for treat pharmacodermiais are rare in the literature, this paper aimed to report the use of ozonized sunflower oil in the treatment of pharmacodermiain a young female Rottweiler dog assisted and treated at a private veterinary clinic in Garanhuns, Pernambuco, Brazil.Case: A 2-year-old Rottweiler female, weighting 53.3 kg was attended at a private veterinary clinic in Garanhuns (Pernambuco- PE) with a history of dystocia. The dog was submitted to ovary-hysterectomy under general anesthesia. After anesthesiarecovery was prescribed omeprazol (1 mg/kg, orally (P.O) SID for 10 days), cephalexin (20 mg/kg, P.O. BID for 10 days),tramadol hydrochloride (4 mg/kg, P.O. BID for seven days), carprofen (4.4 mg/kg, P.O. SID for three days), and the use ofElizabethan collar. Furthermore, for topical treatment was described chlorhexidine digluconate (0.2%) and ointment of allantoin and zinc oxide, SID, for 10 days. Seven days after the surgical procedure, the owners dog reported by a telephone callthe appearance of wounds in the dorsal region of the dog. Ten days after surgery, the dog returned to the veterinary clinic forstitches removal and wounds evaluation. During the physical examination, observed the presence of two cutaneous wounds,one located in the cervicothoracic region and the other wound...(AU)

Topical ozone therapy in the treatment of pharmacodermia in a dog (Canis lupus familiaris)

Background: Pharmacodermia is a drug reaction that manifests itself on the skin and mucous membranes. The main drugsthat cause pharmacodermia are β-lactam antibiotics. It has a rare occurrence in dogs and may present different clinical signs.Ozone therapy is used to treat various conditions, such as infections and inflammatory diseases. This therapy acts throughoxidative stress generating a positive inflammatory response to the body and stimulating the formation of granulation tissue andangiogenesis. Since pharmacodermia is rare in dogs and reports of ozonized sunflower oil and ozone for treat pharmacodermiais are rare in the literature, this paper aimed to report the use of ozonized sunflower oil in the treatment of pharmacodermiain a young female Rottweiler dog assisted and treated at a private veterinary clinic in Garanhuns, Pernambuco, Brazil.Case: A 2-year-old Rottweiler female, weighting 53.3 kg was attended at a private veterinary clinic in Garanhuns (Pernambuco- PE) with a history of dystocia. The dog was submitted to ovary-hysterectomy under general anesthesia. After anesthesiarecovery was prescribed omeprazol (1 mg/kg, orally (P.O) SID for 10 days), cephalexin (20 mg/kg, P.O. BID for 10 days),tramadol hydrochloride (4 mg/kg, P.O. BID for seven days), carprofen (4.4 mg/kg, P.O. SID for three days), and the use ofElizabethan collar. Furthermore, for topical treatment was described chlorhexidine digluconate (0.2%) and ointment of allantoin and zinc oxide, SID, for 10 days. Seven days after the surgical procedure, the owner’s dog reported by a telephone callthe appearance of wounds in the dorsal region of the dog. Ten days after surgery, the dog returned to the veterinary clinic forstitches removal and wounds evaluation. During the physical examination, observed the presence of two cutaneous wounds,one located in the cervicothoracic region and the other wound...

Mupirocin pemphigus-like drug reaction in a dog

Background: Pharmacodermia is defined as adverse reaction in skin, mucosa and appendages, which generates morphofunctional alterations in cutaneous barrier, inducing autoimmune diseases, such as pemphigus foliaceous, which is known asthe most common autoimmune skin disease in dogs. This disease involves autoantibodies against desmoglein and desmocolinmolecules, being induced by the use of certain drugs. Mupirocin (pseudomonic acid A) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic withbacteriostatic activity, being effective against Gram-positive pathogens and used to control superficial bacterial folliculitis.Based on that, the aim of this study was to report a pemphigus-like lesions after topical use of mupirocin in dog.Case: An 1-year-old, uncastrated male, Poodle dog, weighing 13.8 kg was treated in a private clinic in Fortaleza. The maincomplaint was related to pruritus in abdominal and inguinal region, in addition of legs licking. Dermatological examination revealed melanic crusts, epidermal collars and diffuse pustules in inguinal, abdominal, perianal and thoraco-lumbarregions. The therapy was based on topical use of Mupirocin in form of 0.2% aquous spray. After drug administration, theanimal presented urticaria, diffuse epidermal collars, papulo-crusted and pustular lesions, which were more evident inabdominal and inguinal region. Nasal erythema, binocular blepharitis, apathy and fever were also observed. Cytologicalexamination and bacterial culture were performed, revealing inflammatory and acantholytic cells and no bacterial growth.Biopsy procedure revealed subcorneal pustule with presence of epithelial acantholytic cells and neutrophils, compatiblewith canine pemphigus foliaceous. The topical treatment of ocular lesions with 0.1% Tacrolimus associated with systemictreatment with high dose of prednisolone (1.2 mg kg-1)...

Mupirocin pemphigus-like drug reaction in a dog

Background: Pharmacodermia is defined as adverse reaction in skin, mucosa and appendages, which generates morphofunctional alterations in cutaneous barrier, inducing autoimmune diseases, such as pemphigus foliaceous, which is known asthe most common autoimmune skin disease in dogs. This disease involves autoantibodies against desmoglein and desmocolinmolecules, being induced by the use of certain drugs. Mupirocin (pseudomonic acid A) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic withbacteriostatic activity, being effective against Gram-positive pathogens and used to control superficial bacterial folliculitis.Based on that, the aim of this study was to report a pemphigus-like lesions after topical use of mupirocin in dog.Case: An 1-year-old, uncastrated male, Poodle dog, weighing 13.8 kg was treated in a private clinic in Fortaleza. The maincomplaint was related to pruritus in abdominal and inguinal region, in addition of legs licking. Dermatological examination revealed melanic crusts, epidermal collars and diffuse pustules in inguinal, abdominal, perianal and thoraco-lumbarregions. The therapy was based on topical use of Mupirocin in form of 0.2% aquous spray. After drug administration, theanimal presented urticaria, diffuse epidermal collars, papulo-crusted and pustular lesions, which were more evident inabdominal and inguinal region. Nasal erythema, binocular blepharitis, apathy and fever were also observed. Cytologicalexamination and bacterial culture were performed, revealing inflammatory and acantholytic cells and no bacterial growth.Biopsy procedure revealed subcorneal pustule with presence of epithelial acantholytic cells and neutrophils, compatiblewith canine pemphigus foliaceous. The topical treatment of ocular lesions with 0.1% Tacrolimus associated with systemictreatment with high dose of prednisolone (1.2 mg kg-1)...(AU)

Reação farmacodérmica após administração tópica de Mupirocina em cão / Cutaneous adverse drug reaction after topical administration of Mupirocin in dog

Pharmacodermia is defined as adverse reaction in skin, mucosa and appendages, capable of generating morpho-functional alterations in cutaneous barrier. The purpose of this study was to report a cutaneous adverse drug reaction after topical use of mupirocin in dog. The diagnosis was made through clinical-cytological analyzes. The therapy involved topical and systemic immunomodulatory drugs. Therefore, it is concluded that Mupirocin is capable of generating pharmacodermic reactions.

Reação farmacodérmica após administração tópica de Mupirocina em cão / Cutaneous adverse drug reaction after topical administration of Mupirocin in dog

Pharmacodermia is defined as adverse reaction in skin, mucosa and appendages, capable of generating morpho-functional alterations in cutaneous barrier. The purpose of this study was to report a cutaneous adverse drug reaction after topical use of mupirocin in dog. The diagnosis was made through clinical-cytological analyzes. The therapy involved topical and systemic immunomodulatory drugs. Therefore, it is concluded that Mupirocin is capable of generating pharmacodermic reactions.(AU)

Pênfigo foliáceo em um gato de oito meses de idade: possível reação cutânea adversa a fármacos? / Pemphigus foliaceus in an eight-month-old cat: possible cutaneous adverse drug reaction?

Background: Pemphigus foliaceus is an autoimmune skin disease whose the occurrence in feline clinic is uncommom. The etiology is unknown in most cases. Althought it is a rare condition in cats, pemphigus foliaceus can be induced by drugs. It may affect both adult and old cats with no sexual or racial predilection and diagnosis is based on animal historical, clinical examination and skin histopathology. Moreover, the treatment consists in immunosuppressive-based drugs. This paper describes a pemphigus foliaceus case in an eight-month-old kitten, probably due a cutaneous adverse drug reaction.Case: A 8-month-old, neutered male mongrel cat with crusted lesions located on face was examinated at the Veterinary Hospital. The owners reported that they had adopted the patient two months before the clinical presentation suggesting that this background was unknown. The cat was treated in a local veterinary clinic with antibiotics and anti-inflammatory for rhinotracheitis and herpetic dermatitis on face due to the occurrence of sneezing and crusted pruriginous dermatitis. The kitten presented erosions, purulent exudation and crusts on pinnae, nasal and supra ocular areas, paronychia with purulent exudate and alopecia at distal portion of the tail. Supplementary exams such as skin scraping, cytology and fungal culture were performed to rule out other agents and confirm the diagnosis. The parasitological and fungal examination resulted negative despite the fact that cytological exam showed coccoid bacteria. Complete blood count and biochemical profile showed no alteration and the test for feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) resulted negative. Histological changes were consistent with intra-epidermal pustular subcorneal with acantholysis dermatitis. An immunosuppressive dose of prednisolona was prescribed for 15 days...(AU)

Pênfigo foliáceo em um gato de oito meses de idade: possível reação cutânea adversa a fármacos? / Pemphigus foliaceus in an eight-month-old cat: possible cutaneous adverse drug reaction?

Background: Pemphigus foliaceus is an autoimmune skin disease whose the occurrence in feline clinic is uncommom. The etiology is unknown in most cases. Althought it is a rare condition in cats, pemphigus foliaceus can be induced by drugs. It may affect both adult and old cats with no sexual or racial predilection and diagnosis is based on animal historical, clinical examination and skin histopathology. Moreover, the treatment consists in immunosuppressive-based drugs. This paper describes a pemphigus foliaceus case in an eight-month-old kitten, probably due a cutaneous adverse drug reaction.Case: A 8-month-old, neutered male mongrel cat with crusted lesions located on face was examinated at the Veterinary Hospital. The owners reported that they had adopted the patient two months before the clinical presentation suggesting that this background was unknown. The cat was treated in a local veterinary clinic with antibiotics and anti-inflammatory for rhinotracheitis and herpetic dermatitis on face due to the occurrence of sneezing and crusted pruriginous dermatitis. The kitten presented erosions, purulent exudation and crusts on pinnae, nasal and supra ocular areas, paronychia with purulent exudate and alopecia at distal portion of the tail. Supplementary exams such as skin scraping, cytology and fungal culture were performed to rule out other agents and confirm the diagnosis. The parasitological and fungal examination resulted negative despite the fact that cytological exam showed coccoid bacteria. Complete blood count and biochemical profile showed no alteration and the test for feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) resulted negative. Histological changes were consistent with intra-epidermal pustular subcorneal with acantholysis dermatitis. An immunosuppressive dose of prednisolona was prescribed for 15 days...

Drug-induced panniculitis due to deworming in a dog ­ case report / Paniculite farmacodérmica decorrente de vermifugação em um cão - relato de caso

Outpatient clinics, clinics, and veterinary hospitals in the state of São Paulo and other Brazilian states commonly prescribe broad-spectrum vermicidal agents. The prescriptions are not based on coproparasitological examination results and drugs, including those used for the elimination of enteric parasites, are not innocuous and can potentially cause health hazards. Therefore, we report a clinical case of drug-induced panniculitis caused by deworming and show the actual occurrence of endoparasites in canine and feline outpatients at HOVET-USP.(AU)

É prática corrente em ambulatórios, consultórios, clínicas e hospitais veterinários paulistas, por não dizer brasileiros, a prescrição de ativos com ação vermicida, no senso lato, sem o embasamento do, hoje até prosaico, exame coproparasitológico. É sabido há muito que todo e qualquer fármaco não é inócuo e pode potencialmente acarretar agravos à saúde, e dentre estes incluem-se os ativos destinados à erradicação de parasitos entéricos. Decidiu-se assim por se relatar um caso clínico de paniculite farmacodérmica decorrente de vermifugação, bem como situar a real ocorrência de endoparasitas em pacientes, caninos e felinos, trazidos para atendimento ambulatorial no HOVET-USP.(AU)

Drug-induced panniculitis due to deworming in a dog ­ case report / Paniculite farmacodérmica decorrente de vermifugação em um cão - relato de caso

Outpatient clinics, clinics, and veterinary hospitals in the state of São Paulo and other Brazilian states commonly prescribe broad-spectrum vermicidal agents. The prescriptions are not based on coproparasitological examination results and drugs, including those used for the elimination of enteric parasites, are not innocuous and can potentially cause health hazards. Therefore, we report a clinical case of drug-induced panniculitis caused by deworming and show the actual occurrence of endoparasites in canine and feline outpatients at HOVET-USP.(AU)

É prática corrente em ambulatórios, consultórios, clínicas e hospitais veterinários paulistas, por não dizer brasileiros, a prescrição de ativos com ação vermicida, no senso lato, sem o embasamento do, hoje até prosaico, exame coproparasitológico. É sabido há muito que todo e qualquer fármaco não é inócuo e pode potencialmente acarretar agravos à saúde, e dentre estes incluem-se os ativos destinados à erradicação de parasitos entéricos. Decidiu-se assim por se relatar um caso clínico de paniculite farmacodérmica decorrente de vermifugação, bem como situar a real ocorrência de endoparasitas em pacientes, caninos e felinos, trazidos para atendimento ambulatorial no HOVET-USP.(AU)

Farmacodermia em um cão após administração de antibióticos do grupo betalactâmico: relato de caso / Pharmacodermia in a dog after administration of beta-lactam antibiotics: case report

A severe cutaneous reaction in a female dog after administration of penicillin and cephalexin is described, in which the main signs presented by the patient were fever, lack of appetite, and detachment of epidermis in the dorsal region of body.The established treatment was surgical debridement of the region, topical application of Aloe Vera with sugar, and systemic antibiotic therapy with ciprofloxacin, resulting in the recovery and wound closure in approximately 45 days.(AU)

Policitemia vera e farmacodermia em cão – relato de caso / Polycythemia vera and cutaneous drug reaction in a dog – a case report / Policitemia vera y farmacodermia en perro – relato de caso

A policitemia vera é distúrbio mieloproliferativo que se caracteriza pelo aumento do número de hemácias, do volume globular e da concentração de hemoglobina. O tratamento visa reduzir o aumento de células da linhagem eritroide, a hiperviscosidade sanguínea, a formação de trombos e a má oxigenação tecidual. Nesses casos, preconiza-se a hidroxiuréia. Virtualmente, qualquer medicamento pode desencadear farmacodermia, incluindo a hidroxiureia. Em seres humanos as reações que o uso prolongado de hidroxiureia pode ocasionar na pele estão bem documentadas. Neste trabalho relata-se o caso de um cão, macho, sem raça definida, de dez anos de idade, com policitemia vera, que estava sendo tratado com hidroxiureia e apresentou farmacodermia. Com a redução da dosagem de hidroxiureia, houve recuperação da pele; entretanto, o animal morreu por tromboembolismo após um ano.

Polycythemia vera is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by an increase in the number of erythrocytes, the packed cell volume and hemoglobin concentration. The treatment aims to reduce the increase in the number of cells of erythroid lineage, thrombus formation and poor tissue oxygenation. In these cases, the use of hydroxyurea is recommended. However, virtually any drug can trigger adverse drug reactions, including hydroxyurea. Skin reactions caused by long-term therapy with hydroxyurea are well documented in humans. This work reports the case of a ten-year-old mixed-breed male dog with polycythemia vera that presented pharmacodermia due to treatment with hydroxyurea. Although the skin recovered with the reduction in the dosage of hydroxyurea, the animal died due to thromboembolism.

La policitemia vera es un trastorno mieloproliferativo que se caracteriza por un aumento en el número de eritrocitos, del volumen globular y de la concentración de hemoglobina. El tratamiento trata de reducir el aumento de células de la línea eritroide, la hiperviscosidad sanguínea, la formación de trombos y la deficiente oxigenación de los tejidos. En esos casos está indicada la hidroxiurea. En humanos, las reacciones dermatológicas que puede provocar el uso prolongado de la hidroxiurea se encuentran bien documentadas. En este trabajo se relata el caso de un perro macho, mestizo de diez años, con policitemia vera, que estaba siendo tratado con hidroxiurea y presentó una farmacodermia. Con la disminución de la dosis de hidroxiurea, la piel se recuperó; no obstante, el animal murió por tromboembolismo después de un año.

Policitemia vera e farmacodermia em cão relato de caso / Polycythemia vera and cutaneous drug reaction in a dog a case report / Policitemia vera y farmacodermia en perro relato de caso

A policitemia vera é distúrbio mieloproliferativo que se caracteriza pelo aumento do número de hemácias, do volume globular e da concentração de hemoglobina. O tratamento visa reduzir o aumento de células da linhagem eritroide, a hiperviscosidade sanguínea, a formação de trombos e a má oxigenação tecidual. Nesses casos, preconiza-se a hidroxiuréia. Virtualmente, qualquer medicamento pode desencadear farmacodermia, incluindo a hidroxiureia. Em seres humanos as reações que o uso prolongado de hidroxiureia pode ocasionar na pele estão bem documentadas. Neste trabalho relata-se o caso de um cão, macho, sem raça definida, de dez anos de idade, com policitemia vera, que estava sendo tratado com hidroxiureia e apresentou farmacodermia. Com a redução da dosagem de hidroxiureia, houve recuperação da pele; entretanto, o animal morreu por tromboembolismo após um ano.(AU)

Polycythemia vera is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by an increase in the number of erythrocytes, the packed cell volume and hemoglobin concentration. The treatment aims to reduce the increase in the number of cells of erythroid lineage, thrombus formation and poor tissue oxygenation. In these cases, the use of hydroxyurea is recommended. However, virtually any drug can trigger adverse drug reactions, including hydroxyurea. Skin reactions caused by long-term therapy with hydroxyurea are well documented in humans. This work reports the case of a ten-year-old mixed-breed male dog with polycythemia vera that presented pharmacodermia due to treatment with hydroxyurea. Although the skin recovered with the reduction in the dosage of hydroxyurea, the animal died due to thromboembolism.(AU)

La policitemia vera es un trastorno mieloproliferativo que se caracteriza por un aumento en el número de eritrocitos, del volumen globular y de la concentración de hemoglobina. El tratamiento trata de reducir el aumento de células de la línea eritroide, la hiperviscosidad sanguínea, la formación de trombos y la deficiente oxigenación de los tejidos. En esos casos está indicada la hidroxiurea. En humanos, las reacciones dermatológicas que puede provocar el uso prolongado de la hidroxiurea se encuentran bien documentadas. En este trabajo se relata el caso de un perro macho, mestizo de diez años, con policitemia vera, que estaba siendo tratado con hidroxiurea y presentó una farmacodermia. Con la disminución de la dosis de hidroxiurea, la piel se recuperó; no obstante, el animal murió por tromboembolismo después de un año.(AU)

Reação a fármaco semelhante ao pênfigo foliáceo em um cão / Drug reaction resembling pemphigus foliaceus in a dog

As reações cutâneas a fármacos, também denominadas de erupção por fármacos, alergia a fármacos, dermatitemedicamentosa, hipersensibilidade medicamentosa ou farmacodermia são incomuns em cães e gatos.Clinicamente, se caracterizam por lesões cutâneas ou mucocutâneas pleomórficas, com ou sem sinaissistêmicos, resultantes da exposição a compostos químicos. O diagnóstico de reação cutânea a fármaco égeralmente difícil devido à ampla variedade de lesões cutâneas e semelhança com outras doenças. Este relato descreve um caso de reação a fármaco semelhante a pênfigo foliáceo em um cão, macho, Samoieda de quatromeses de idade, decorrente do uso de cefalexina. As lesões de pele incluíam: eritema, pústulas, descamação,crostas e hiperpigmentação na região periocular, focinho, face interna das orelhas, coxins, abdômen ventrale região perianal. O objetivo deste relato é alertar os clínicos de pequenos animais para a ocorrência dessetipo de reação cutânea e para a importância do total conhecimento de tratamentos previamente realizados. (AU)

Adverse skin reactions to drugs, also known as cutaneous drug eruptions, drug allergies, medication--associated dermatitis, drug hypersensitivity or pharmacodermia are uncommon in dogs and cats. Clinically,are characterized by skin or mucocutaneous pleomorphic lesions resulting from drug therapy, withor without systemic signs. The diagnosis of adverse skin reactions to drugs is usually challenging due tothe wide variety of cutaneous lesions involved and due to the similarity with lesions associated with otherconditions. This report describes a case of adverse skin reaction to a drug (cephalexin) resembling pemphigusfoliaceus in a 4-month old Samoyed dog. Skin lesions included erythema, pustules, scaling, crusts and hyperpigmentation in the periocular region, nose, internal aspect of the ears, palmar and plantar pads,ventral abdomen and perianal region. The purpose of the report is to draw the attention of small animalpractitioners to the occurrence of this special type of skin condition and stress the importance for thepractitioner to be fully aware of any kind of previous treatments his patient may have been submitted to. (AU)

Reação a fármaco semelhante ao pênfigo foliáceo em um cão / Drug reaction resembling pemphigus foliaceus in a dog

As reações cutâneas a fármacos, também denominadas de erupção por fármacos, alergia a fármacos, dermatitemedicamentosa, hipersensibilidade medicamentosa ou farmacodermia são incomuns em cães e gatos.Clinicamente, se caracterizam por lesões cutâneas ou mucocutâneas pleomórficas, com ou sem sinaissistêmicos, resultantes da exposição a compostos químicos. O diagnóstico de reação cutânea a fármaco égeralmente difícil devido à ampla variedade de lesões cutâneas e semelhança com outras doenças. Este relato descreve um caso de reação a fármaco semelhante a pênfigo foliáceo em um cão, macho, Samoieda de quatromeses de idade, decorrente do uso de cefalexina. As lesões de pele incluíam: eritema, pústulas, descamação,crostas e hiperpigmentação na região periocular, focinho, face interna das orelhas, coxins, abdômen ventrale região perianal. O objetivo deste relato é alertar os clínicos de pequenos animais para a ocorrência dessetipo de reação cutânea e para a importância do total conhecimento de tratamentos previamente realizados.

Adverse skin reactions to drugs, also known as cutaneous drug eruptions, drug allergies, medication--associated dermatitis, drug hypersensitivity or pharmacodermia are uncommon in dogs and cats. Clinically,are characterized by skin or mucocutaneous pleomorphic lesions resulting from drug therapy, withor without systemic signs. The diagnosis of adverse skin reactions to drugs is usually challenging due tothe wide variety of cutaneous lesions involved and due to the similarity with lesions associated with otherconditions. This report describes a case of adverse skin reaction to a drug (cephalexin) resembling pemphigusfoliaceus in a 4-month old Samoyed dog. Skin lesions included erythema, pustules, scaling, crusts and hyperpigmentation in the periocular region, nose, internal aspect of the ears, palmar and plantar pads,ventral abdomen and perianal region. The purpose of the report is to draw the attention of small animalpractitioners to the occurrence of this special type of skin condition and stress the importance for thepractitioner to be fully aware of any kind of previous treatments his patient may have been submitted to.

Reação farmacodérmica em cão: relato de caso / Drug reaction adverse cutaneous in a dog: a case report

Farmacodermia é uma reação de hipersensibilidade a um fármaco a qual pode se manifestar por meiode reações cutâneas comumente associadas a sinais sistêmicos. Relata-se a ocorrência de um caso defarmacodermia em uma cadela sem raça definida de dois anos de idade atendida em um Hospital VeterinárioUniversitário apresentando uma dermatite exsudativa caracterizada por vesículas, eritema e prurido na região dorso-lombar. O tratamento consistiu em antibioticoterapia com cefalexina durante 20 dias com remissão do quadro. Após quatro meses, em nova consulta, o animal apresentava lesõescutâneas extensas semelhantes a queimaduras. Amostras teciduais foram colhidas por meio de biópsiacutânea incisional. Cultura e antibiograma da secreção cutânea exsudativa, hemograma completo, bioquímica sérica (uréia e creatinina) e urinálise também foram solicitados. O animal foi encaminhado aocentro cirúrgico para debridagem das lesões cutâneas e prescrito ciprofloxacina, limpeza diária da pelecom permanganato de potássio, prednisona e omeprazol. Após dez dias de alta, observou-se regressãosignificativa das lesões cutâneas e, seguidos quatro meses de tratamento, o animal estava completamenterestabelecido. (AU)

Pharmacodermia is a hypersensitivity reaction to a drug which can be manifested by skin reactionscommonly associated with systemic signs. We report the occurrence of an event of adverse drug reactionsin a mongrel bitch two years old treated at a University Veterinary Hospital showing an exudative dermatitis characterized by vesicles, erythema and itching in the area back injury. Treatment consisted of antibiotic therapy with cephalexin for 20 days with remission clinic. After four monthsin new query, the animal had extensive skin injuries similar to burns. Tissue samples were collected by incisional skin biopsy. Culture and antobiogram of the skin secretion exudative, complete blood count, serum biochemistry (urea and creatinine) and urinalysis were requested. The animal was taken to the operating room for debridagem cutaneous and prescribed ciprofloxacin, daily cleaning of skin with potassium permanganate, prednisone and omeprazole. After ten days of high, there was a significant regression of cutaneous lesions and followed four months of treatment, the animal wasfully restored. (AU)

Reação farmacodérmica em cão: relato de caso / Drug reaction adverse cutaneous in a dog: a case report

Farmacodermia é uma reação de hipersensibilidade a um fármaco a qual pode se manifestar por meiode reações cutâneas comumente associadas a sinais sistêmicos. Relata-se a ocorrência de um caso defarmacodermia em uma cadela sem raça definida de dois anos de idade atendida em um Hospital VeterinárioUniversitário apresentando uma dermatite exsudativa caracterizada por vesículas, eritema e prurido na região dorso-lombar. O tratamento consistiu em antibioticoterapia com cefalexina durante 20 dias com remissão do quadro. Após quatro meses, em nova consulta, o animal apresentava lesõescutâneas extensas semelhantes a queimaduras. Amostras teciduais foram colhidas por meio de biópsiacutânea incisional. Cultura e antibiograma da secreção cutânea exsudativa, hemograma completo, bioquímica sérica (uréia e creatinina) e urinálise também foram solicitados. O animal foi encaminhado aocentro cirúrgico para debridagem das lesões cutâneas e prescrito ciprofloxacina, limpeza diária da pelecom permanganato de potássio, prednisona e omeprazol. Após dez dias de alta, observou-se regressãosignificativa das lesões cutâneas e, seguidos quatro meses de tratamento, o animal estava completamenterestabelecido.

Pharmacodermia is a hypersensitivity reaction to a drug which can be manifested by skin reactionscommonly associated with systemic signs. We report the occurrence of an event of adverse drug reactionsin a mongrel bitch two years old treated at a University Veterinary Hospital showing an exudative dermatitis characterized by vesicles, erythema and itching in the area back injury. Treatment consisted of antibiotic therapy with cephalexin for 20 days with remission clinic. After four monthsin new query, the animal had extensive skin injuries similar to burns. Tissue samples were collected by incisional skin biopsy. Culture and antobiogram of the skin secretion exudative, complete blood count, serum biochemistry (urea and creatinine) and urinalysis were requested. The animal was taken to the operating room for debridagem cutaneous and prescribed ciprofloxacin, daily cleaning of skin with potassium permanganate, prednisone and omeprazole. After ten days of high, there was a significant regression of cutaneous lesions and followed four months of treatment, the animal wasfully restored.

Reação farmacodérmica decorrente do uso do levamisol: relato de caso / Pharmacodermic adverse reaction due to levamisole: a case report

Relata-se a ocorrência de um caso de farmacodérmica pelo levamisol e discute-se sobre a manifestação clínica e o estabelecimento do diagnóstico dessa reação cutânea adversa. O animal desenvolveu lesões exsudativas na face, com resolução espontânea após a suspensão do fármaco.(AU)

This paper reports the occurrence of a case of pharmacodermic adverse reaction due to levamisole, and provides a discussion about its clinical manifestation and the establishment of the diagnosis of this cutaneous side effect. After receiving levamisole, exsudative lesions developed on the animal's face and recovered spontaneously after this drug was discontinued.(AU)