The macroscopic and microscopic description of ruminal lesions in feedlot bovine / Descrição macroscópica e microscópica das lesões ruminais em bovinos confinados

Administration of diets rich in highly fermentable carbohydrates and low fiber content can cause an imbalance between the microorganisms in the rumen with consequent ruminal acidosis. This problem can cause lesions in the rumen wall, often progressing to rumenitis. The purpose of the present was to characterize macroscopic and microscopic ruminal lesions observed in confined feedlot cattle with claw lesions or liver abscess. A total of 1060 bovines were evaluated via postmortem examination. Claw lesions were identified in 88, liver abscess in 10, and macroscopic rumen lesions in 230 bovines; furthermore, 178 rumens were characterized with hyperkeratosis, 41 with hyperemia, 9 with ulcer, and 2 with neoplasia. The 98 bovines with claw lesions and liver abscess were selected for histopathological examination. Of these, macroscopic lesions were noted in 23 and microscopic lesions in 23 animals. Of the 23 animals that presented macroscopic lesions, 10 showed the same changes observed under microscopy. Seven cases of hyperkeratosis were diagnosed in the macro and microscopic evaluation. Of the 5 cases of hyperemia verified on macroscopy, 2 cases were identified via microscopy, and 1 case of ulcer identified through macroscopy and microscopy. The microscopic evaluation of the rumens allowed the identification of lesions in animals with claw lesions that did not present macroscopic rumen alterations.

O uso de dietas ricas em carboidratos altamente fermentáveis e com baixos teores de fibras pode ocasionar desequilíbrio entre os microrganismos do rúmen com consequente acidose ruminal. Esse problema pode resultar em lesões na parede do rúmen, evoluindo com frequência para formação de ruminite. O presente estudo objetivou caracterizar lesões ruminais macroscópicas e microscópicas, observadas em bovinos confinados que apresentavam lesões podais ou abscesso hepático. Avaliou-se 1060 bovinos pelo exame post mortem. Foram encontradas lesões podais em 88 animais, abscesso hepático em 10 e lesões ruminais macroscópicas em 230 bovinos, sendo caracterizado 178 rumens com hiperqueratose, 41 com hiperemia, 9 com úlcera e 2 com neoplasia. Os 98 bovinos com lesões podais e abscesso hepático foram selecionados para realização de exame histopatológico. Desses, foram encontradas lesões macroscópicas em 23 e, microscópicas, em 23 animais. Dos 23 animais que apresentaram lesões macroscópicas, 10 tiveram as mesmas alterações verificadas na microscopia. Foram diagnosticados 7 casos de hiperqueratose na avaliação macro e microscópica. Dos 5 casos de hiperemia verificados na macroscopia, 2 casos foram identificados na microscopia e um caso de úlcera identificado na macroscopia também foi identificado na microscopia. A avaliação microscópica dos rumens permitiu identificar lesões em animais com lesões podais que não apresentam alterações macroscópicas ruminais.

Paralisia de laringe em cão Dogue Alemão - tratamento com unilateralização da cartilagem aritenoide / Laryngeal paralysis in a Great Dane dog - treatment by unilateralization of the arytenoid cartilage

Background: Laryngeal paralysis is a disorder that affects the movement of the arytenoid cartilages, creating an obstacle to the passage of air during inspiration. The disease is progressive and clinical signs are associated with upper airway obstruction. Diagnosis occurs through observation of laryngeal movements, and it is important to rule out concomitant diseases. In severely affected animals, surgery is recommended to alleviate clinical signs and improve quality of life. The aim of this report is to report a case of idiopathic laryngeal paralysis in a dog submitted to arytenoid unilateralization to clear the upper airways and evaluate the effectiveness of the technique. Case: A 5-year-old male Great Dane dog was referred to the Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias (HCV) of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) with severe respiratory distress and respiratory stridor. The animal was taken directly to the emergency room, where it was promptly submitted to oxygen therapy with the aid of a mask, was medicated with nalbuphine hydrochloride 0.3 mg/kg intramuscularly and venous access was performed. After stabilization, complete blood count, biochemical profile, blood gas analysis and chest X-ray were requested. In the anamnesis, the tutor reported that the dog showed signs of fatigue with exercise intolerance, coughing similar to choking, breathing difficulties and noisy breathing, especially on hotter days and in situations of exertion, stress or euphoria. He mentioned that the signs were progressive, having started 2 months ago and that they were more frequent and lasting. The patient was diagnosed with laryngeal paralysis through transoral laryngoscopy and referred to surgery. The improvement in the breathing pattern and the absence of post-surgical complications resulted in the patient being discharged 6 days after hospitalization. Discussion: When the origin of laryngeal paralysis (LP) is undefined, the acquired form may be a consequence of generalized polyneuropathy, polymyopathy, neoplasia, endocrinopathy, iatrogenic or idiopathic injury. The patient under study did not present clinical signs or history of disease, therefore, the case was classified as idiopathic in origin. Laryngeal paralysis of unknown cause is the most common and affects mainly middle-aged to elderly males, large or giant breeds. The disease is often described in Labrador Retriever dogs, but it can affect other breeds such as Great Dane. This information corroborates the profile of the patient in this study. Although oral laryngoscopy is the recommended method for confirming the diagnosis in dogs with characteristic signs of LP, the diagnosis can also be obtained by transnasal laryngoscopy or echolaryngography, however, previous studies have shown that the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis through echoaryngography is inferior to transnasal laryngoscopy, suggesting that direct visualization of the larynx is better to indirect visualization. Dogs with signs of moderate to severe respiratory distress or whose quality of life is affected as a result of LP are candidates for surgical treatment, as in this case, in which the patient had exercise intolerance and severe respiratory distress. The arytenoid unilateralization procedure proved to be effective in improving the quality of life of the patient under study, achieving excellent postoperative results and approval by the tutor. In this case, transoral laryngoscopy was essential to determine the diagnosis and establish the treatment. Although the goal of improving quality of life has been achieved without major complications, the animal must receive long-term follow-up due to a possible correlation with generalized polyneuropathy and long-term complications.

Hérnia diafragmática peritoneopericárdica em um felino da raça Persa / Peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia in a Persian cat

Background: Peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia is a congenital defect characterized by an anomalous communication between the abdominal cavity and pericardial sac, which can lead to displacement of the abdominal viscera into the thoracic cavity. The occurrence in felines is higher among long-haired breeds, mainly the Persian breed, possibly based onan autosomal recessive inheritance. The diagnosis of PPDH is performed by means of chest radiography with or without contrast, in association with other imaging tests such as ultrasonography and echocardiography. Our objective in this study was to report the occurrence and macroscopic changes in a case of peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia in a Persian feline. Case: A 9-year-old male Persian cat weighing 3.4 kg was referred to the HPET-Private Veterinary Clinic, Salvador, Bahia, with an history of weight loss and chronic intermittent vomiting during the preceding 6 months, with lateral decubitus and breathing difficulties. Ultrasonography revealed findings suggestive of an infiltrative process in the stomach and duodenum, enlarged gastric lymph nodes, and some nodular images indicating slight displacement of the liver. Chest radiography revealed a cardiac silhouette with markedly enlarged dimensions associated with a dorsal deviation of the terminal trachea, and echocardiography revealed a small amount of pericardial effusion. The patient showed initial clinical improvement after blood transfusion; however, after 2 days, he exhibited significant clinical worsening and was therefore euthanized with the owner's consent. Post mortem evaluation revealed partial herniation of the liver and gallbladder into the chest cavity through a diaphragmatic hernia ring. The heart was partially surrounded by the left medial lobe of the liver, which was displaced into the pericardial sac. Herniated hepatic lobes had an irregular capsular surface with evident lobulation and tension lipidosis. In the abdominal cavity, the remainder of the liver (right lateral and medial lobes) was observed to be slightly enlarged, with an irregular surface, diffusely reddish with intense evidence of the lobular pattern and white and firm multifocal areas (fibrosis). In the duodenum, close to the pylorus, there was a nodule measuring 2.8 x 2.5 x 1.0 cm, with a whitish and ulcerated surface. When cut, it was soft and exhibited a homogeneous, whitish compact surface. Histopathological examinationshowed marked proliferation of fibrous connective tissue, which for the most part separated the lobes by septa and surrounded the portal space (fibrosis), a marked diffuse chronic inflammatory infiltrate composed of lymphocytes and plasma cells. In addition, marked bile duct hyperplasia and multifocal areas of fatty degeneration (steatosis). Discussion: The diagnosis was based on the association of clinical and pathological findings. Considering the age and clinical signs presented by the patient in this report, as well as the presence of few radiographic signs that were indicative of PPDH, the first differential diagnosis thought was pericardial neoplasia. Peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia in felines is always of congenital origin and may occur asymptomatically depending on the number and involvement of herniated viscera. In this case, the patient's diagnosis of peritoneopericardial hernia was a necropsy finding; the fact that in agreement with previous reports of high rates of incidental diagnoses reinforces the importance of performing necropsy for confirmation or diagnosis of unexpected pathologies. In the present case, peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia in isolation may not have led to severe anemia that culminated in the patient's death. The anatomopathological findings were compatible with biliary cirrhosis and multifocal liver fibrosis, accompanied by the presence of anemia and consequent hypovolemia.

Tubular adenoma pyloric-gland type in a cow

The paper describes a typical Pyloric-Gland Type Tubular Adenoma founded in a 7 years old holstein cow. At necropsy, macroscopic examination showed a pedunculated polypoid formation measuring 4.0 cm in its largest diameter in the mucous membrane of the gallbladders body region, with a delicate base in the form of a rod measuring 2.5 cm in length. Histologically analysis showed a tubular cell proliferation covered with cylindrical epithelium, which secreted mucus, with regular, vesicular nuclei with small and regular nucleoli. The stroma was represented by a delicate and loosened, vascularized connective tissue and edema. In the veterinary literature, there is no mention of the occurrence of Pyloric-Gland Type Tubular Adenoma in cattle as well a published description about it.(AU)

Tubular adenoma pyloric-gland type in a cow

The paper describes a typical Pyloric-Gland Type Tubular Adenoma founded in a 7 years old holstein cow. At necropsy, macroscopic examination showed a pedunculated polypoid formation measuring 4.0 cm in its largest diameter in the mucous membrane of the gallbladder’s body region, with a delicate base in the form of a rod measuring 2.5 cm in length. Histologically analysis showed a tubular cell proliferation covered with cylindrical epithelium, which secreted mucus, with regular, vesicular nuclei with small and regular nucleoli. The stroma was represented by a delicate and loosened, vascularized connective tissue and edema. In the veterinary literature, there is no mention of the occurrence of Pyloric-Gland Type Tubular Adenoma in cattle as well a published description about it.

Primary nonlymphoid gastrointestinal neoplasms in dogs in Rio Grande do Sul / Neoplasmas gastrointestinais primários não linfoides em cães no Rio Grande do Sul

Gastrointestinal neoplasms (GIN) are uncommon in dogs, but they mainly show malignant behavior and poor prognosis. The types of GIN in dogs and their frequency, as well as their epidemiological and histopathological characteristics were analyzed through a retrospective study of biopsies from 24.711 dogs from 2005 to 2017. Additionally, histological sections of neoplasms were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) using antibodies against pancytokeratin, vimentin, smooth muscle actin, c-Kit, S-100, CD31, CD79αcy, and neuron-specific enolase. Of the total samples from dogs analyzed, 88 corresponded to GIN. Neoplasms occurred more frequently in purebred dogs (64.8%, 57/88), males (53.4%, 47/88), with a median age of 10 years. The intestine was affected by 84.1% (74/88) of the cases. Of these, the large intestine was the most affected (67.6%, 50/74). Most of the neoplasms had malignant behavior (88.6%, 78/88). Regarding the classification of neoplasms, 46.6% (41/88) of the diagnoses corresponded to epithelial, 46.6% (41/88) were mesenchymal, 5.7% (5/88) were hematopoietic, and 1.1% (1/88) was neuroendocrine. The most frequently diagnosed neoplasms were papillary adenocarcinoma (19.3%, 17/88), leiomyosarcoma (17.0%, 15/88), gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) (12.5%, 11/88), and leiomyoma (5.0%, 8/88). Adenocarcinomas were located mainly in the rectum, whereas leiomyosarcomas and GISTs developed mainly in the cecum. Epithelial neoplasms showed a greater potential for lymphatic invasion whereas mesenchymal neoplasms appeared to be more expansive with intratumoral necrosis and hemorrhage. Immunohistochemistry was found to be an important diagnostic technique for the identification of infiltrating cells in carcinomas and an indispensable technique for the definitive diagnosis of sarcomas.(AU)

Neoplasmas gastrointestinais (NGI) são pouco comuns em cães, mas possuem principalmente comportamento maligno e prognóstico reservado. Os tipos de NGI em cães e sua frequência, bem como características epidemiológicas e histopatológicas foram analisados por meio de um estudo retrospectivo dos exames de biópsias de 24.711 cães entre os anos de 2005 a 2017. Adicionalmente, cortes histológicos de NGI foram submetidos à técnica de imuno-histoquímica (IHQ), utilizando os anticorpos anti-pancitoqueratina, vimentina, actina de músculo liso, c-Kit, S-100, CD31, CD79αcy e enolase neurônio específica. Do total de cães analisados, 88 corresponderam a NGI não linfoides. Os neoplasmas ocorreram com maior frequência em cães de raça pura (64,8%, 57/88), machos (53,4%, 47/88), com mediana de idade de 10 anos. O intestino foi acometido em 84,1% dos casos (74/88). Destes, o intestino grosso foi o segmento mais afetado (67,6%, 50/74). A maior parte dos neoplasmas tinha comportamento maligno (88,6%, 78/88). Quanto à classificação, 46,6% (41/88) dos diagnósticos corresponderam a neoplasmas epiteliais, 46,6% (41/88) mesenquimais, 5,7% (5/88) hematopoiéticos e 1,1% (1/88), neuroendócrino. Os neoplasmas mais frequentemente diagnosticados foram adenocarcinoma papilar (19,3%, 17/88), leiomiossarcoma (17,0%, 15/88), tumor estromal gastrointestinal (GIST) (12,5%, 11/88) e leiomioma (12,5%, 8/88). Adenocarcinomas localizavam-se principalmente no reto, enquanto leiomiossarcoma e GISTs desenvolveram-se principalmente no ceco. Os neoplasmas epiteliais demonstraram um potencial maior de invasão linfática enquanto que os mesenquimais aparentaram ser mais expansivos, com necrose e hemorragia intratumorais. A imuno-histoquímica mostrou ser uma técnica diagnóstica importante para a identificação de células neoplásicas infiltravas no caso dos carcinomas e uma técnica indispensável para o diagnóstico definitivo de sarcomas.(AU)

Primary nonlymphoid gastrointestinal neoplasms in dogs in Rio Grande do Sul / Neoplasmas gastrointestinais primários não linfoides em cães no Rio Grande do Sul

Gastrointestinal neoplasms (GIN) are uncommon in dogs, but they mainly show malignant behavior and poor prognosis. The types of GIN in dogs and their frequency, as well as their epidemiological and histopathological characteristics were analyzed through a retrospective study of biopsies from 24.711 dogs from 2005 to 2017. Additionally, histological sections of neoplasms were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) using antibodies against pancytokeratin, vimentin, smooth muscle actin, c-Kit, S-100, CD31, CD79αcy, and neuron-specific enolase. Of the total samples from dogs analyzed, 88 corresponded to GIN. Neoplasms occurred more frequently in purebred dogs (64.8%, 57/88), males (53.4%, 47/88), with a median age of 10 years. The intestine was affected by 84.1% (74/88) of the cases. Of these, the large intestine was the most affected (67.6%, 50/74). Most of the neoplasms had malignant behavior (88.6%, 78/88). Regarding the classification of neoplasms, 46.6% (41/88) of the diagnoses corresponded to epithelial, 46.6% (41/88) were mesenchymal, 5.7% (5/88) were hematopoietic, and 1.1% (1/88) was neuroendocrine. The most frequently diagnosed neoplasms were papillary adenocarcinoma (19.3%, 17/88), leiomyosarcoma (17.0%, 15/88), gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) (12.5%, 11/88), and leiomyoma (5.0%, 8/88). Adenocarcinomas were located mainly in the rectum, whereas leiomyosarcomas and GISTs developed mainly in the cecum. Epithelial neoplasms showed a greater potential for lymphatic invasion whereas mesenchymal neoplasms appeared to be more expansive with intratumoral necrosis and hemorrhage. Immunohistochemistry was found to be an important diagnostic technique for the identification of infiltrating cells in carcinomas and an indispensable technique for the definitive diagnosis of sarcomas.(AU)

Neoplasmas gastrointestinais (NGI) são pouco comuns em cães, mas possuem principalmente comportamento maligno e prognóstico reservado. Os tipos de NGI em cães e sua frequência, bem como características epidemiológicas e histopatológicas foram analisados por meio de um estudo retrospectivo dos exames de biópsias de 24.711 cães entre os anos de 2005 a 2017. Adicionalmente, cortes histológicos de NGI foram submetidos à técnica de imuno-histoquímica (IHQ), utilizando os anticorpos anti-pancitoqueratina, vimentina, actina de músculo liso, c-Kit, S-100, CD31, CD79αcy e enolase neurônio específica. Do total de cães analisados, 88 corresponderam a NGI não linfoides. Os neoplasmas ocorreram com maior frequência em cães de raça pura (64,8%, 57/88), machos (53,4%, 47/88), com mediana de idade de 10 anos. O intestino foi acometido em 84,1% dos casos (74/88). Destes, o intestino grosso foi o segmento mais afetado (67,6%, 50/74). A maior parte dos neoplasmas tinha comportamento maligno (88,6%, 78/88). Quanto à classificação, 46,6% (41/88) dos diagnósticos corresponderam a neoplasmas epiteliais, 46,6% (41/88) mesenquimais, 5,7% (5/88) hematopoiéticos e 1,1% (1/88), neuroendócrino. Os neoplasmas mais frequentemente diagnosticados foram adenocarcinoma papilar (19,3%, 17/88), leiomiossarcoma (17,0%, 15/88), tumor estromal gastrointestinal (GIST) (12,5%, 11/88) e leiomioma (12,5%, 8/88). Adenocarcinomas localizavam-se principalmente no reto, enquanto leiomiossarcoma e GISTs desenvolveram-se principalmente no ceco. Os neoplasmas epiteliais demonstraram um potencial maior de invasão linfática enquanto que os mesenquimais aparentaram ser mais expansivos, com necrose e hemorragia intratumorais. A imuno-histoquímica mostrou ser uma técnica diagnóstica importante para a identificação de células neoplásicas infiltravas no caso dos carcinomas e uma técnica indispensável para o diagnóstico definitivo de sarcomas.(AU)

Billroth I technique application after resection of gastric leiomyoma in a dog

Background: Gastric neoplasia is rare, corresponding to less than 1% of cases, with a lower prevalence of those involving smooth muscle tissues. In these cases, clinical signs worsen in the occurrence of pyloric obstruction, leading to clinical manifestations such as chronic emesis. The exeresis of the neoplasm is promoted as a therapeutic measure to reestablish gastrointestinal flow. There partial gastrectomy followed by gastroduodenal anastomosis, using the Billroth I technique, is among the available surgical techniques. The therapeutic success of the Billroth I technique after pylorectomy was reported in a dog with gastric leiomyoma. Case: A 9-year-old male Poodle dog, weighing 9.5 kg, was referred for clinical evaluation with a history of chronic vomiting starting three months ago, progressive weight loss, and melena, previously treated by another Veterinarian as idiopathic gastroenteritis. The physical evaluation of the animal showed a state of normal consciousness, body score 4/9, pale ocular and oral mucous membranes, respiratory rate 20 mpm, heart rate 166 bpm, a rectal temperature of 37.9°C, and dehydration degree of 8.0%. Blood count showed normocytic normochromic anemia and leukocytosis with shift to the right. Radiographic and endoscopic examinations were not noteworthy. Endoscopic biopsy after a histopathological evaluation showed no cellular or tissue atypia. On the other hand, abdominal ultrasound assessment revealed thickening with loss of echotexture and definition of the muscular layer of the gastric wall, pyloric and duodenum region compatible with benign antral muscle hypertrophy and/or pyloric neoplasia. The animal worsened 5 days after the initial treatment, with progressive episodes of emesis and melena, opting for an exploratory laparotomy. A mass of firm consistency measuring approximately 2.5 × 6.0 cm in diameter was found in the pyloric region, opting for a pylorectomy. The excised fragment was sent for histopathological...

Billroth I technique application after resection of gastric leiomyoma in a dog

Background: Gastric neoplasia is rare, corresponding to less than 1% of cases, with a lower prevalence of those involving smooth muscle tissues. In these cases, clinical signs worsen in the occurrence of pyloric obstruction, leading to clinical manifestations such as chronic emesis. The exeresis of the neoplasm is promoted as a therapeutic measure to reestablish gastrointestinal flow. There partial gastrectomy followed by gastroduodenal anastomosis, using the Billroth I technique, is among the available surgical techniques. The therapeutic success of the Billroth I technique after pylorectomy was reported in a dog with gastric leiomyoma. Case: A 9-year-old male Poodle dog, weighing 9.5 kg, was referred for clinical evaluation with a history of chronic vomiting starting three months ago, progressive weight loss, and melena, previously treated by another Veterinarian as idiopathic gastroenteritis. The physical evaluation of the animal showed a state of normal consciousness, body score 4/9, pale ocular and oral mucous membranes, respiratory rate 20 mpm, heart rate 166 bpm, a rectal temperature of 37.9°C, and dehydration degree of 8.0%. Blood count showed normocytic normochromic anemia and leukocytosis with shift to the right. Radiographic and endoscopic examinations were not noteworthy. Endoscopic biopsy after a histopathological evaluation showed no cellular or tissue atypia. On the other hand, abdominal ultrasound assessment revealed thickening with loss of echotexture and definition of the muscular layer of the gastric wall, pyloric and duodenum region compatible with benign antral muscle hypertrophy and/or pyloric neoplasia. The animal worsened 5 days after the initial treatment, with progressive episodes of emesis and melena, opting for an exploratory laparotomy. A mass of firm consistency measuring approximately 2.5 × 6.0 cm in diameter was found in the pyloric region, opting for a pylorectomy. The excised fragment was sent for histopathological...(AU)

Clinical, ultrasonographic and histopathological findings of gastrointestinal disorders in cats

Background: Gastrointestinal disorders are common in cats, and the differentiation between inflammatory and neoplastic disease is essential to determine therapy. Therefore, ultrasonographic evaluation is an important tool for intestinal diagnosis in cats. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical, ultrasonographic and histopathological characteristics of cats with intestinal diseases.Materials, Methods & Results: Forty cats with gastrointestinal clinical signs and abdominal ultrasound findings consistent with inflammatory bowel disease or gastrointestinal neoplasia were studied. Ultrasound evaluated all abdominal organs, with emphasis on the gastrointestinal tract, and parameters included the thickness of gastric and intestinal wall, the variations of its echogenicity, reduced intestinal lumen, mesenteric lymph nodes, involvement of other abdominal organs and presence of abdominal effusion. All cats were referred to exploratory laparotomy, in order to obtain biopsy samples. Mean age was 11.6 years and there were 23 females and 17 males. Clinical signs included weight loss (87.5%), vomiting (82.5%), hyporexia (75%), diarrhea (35%), constipation (10%), polyphagia (5%) and intestinal gases (5%). In abdominal ultrasound, the most common findings were increased thickness of the gastric and/or intestinal wall, decreased echogenicity of the intestinal wall, reduction of the intestinal lumen due to severe wall thickening or presence of obstructive mass, and lymphadenopathy. Histopathology revealed alimentary lymphoma (AL) in 19 cases, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in 10 cases, intestinal adenocarcinoma in 7 cases, mast cell tumor in 2 cases and intestinal hemangiosarcoma in 2 cases.[...]

Clinical, ultrasonographic and histopathological findings of gastrointestinal disorders in cats

Background: Gastrointestinal disorders are common in cats, and the differentiation between inflammatory and neoplastic disease is essential to determine therapy. Therefore, ultrasonographic evaluation is an important tool for intestinal diagnosis in cats. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical, ultrasonographic and histopathological characteristics of cats with intestinal diseases.Materials, Methods & Results: Forty cats with gastrointestinal clinical signs and abdominal ultrasound findings consistent with inflammatory bowel disease or gastrointestinal neoplasia were studied. Ultrasound evaluated all abdominal organs, with emphasis on the gastrointestinal tract, and parameters included the thickness of gastric and intestinal wall, the variations of its echogenicity, reduced intestinal lumen, mesenteric lymph nodes, involvement of other abdominal organs and presence of abdominal effusion. All cats were referred to exploratory laparotomy, in order to obtain biopsy samples. Mean age was 11.6 years and there were 23 females and 17 males. Clinical signs included weight loss (87.5%), vomiting (82.5%), hyporexia (75%), diarrhea (35%), constipation (10%), polyphagia (5%) and intestinal gases (5%). In abdominal ultrasound, the most common findings were increased thickness of the gastric and/or intestinal wall, decreased echogenicity of the intestinal wall, reduction of the intestinal lumen due to severe wall thickening or presence of obstructive mass, and lymphadenopathy. Histopathology revealed alimentary lymphoma (AL) in 19 cases, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in 10 cases, intestinal adenocarcinoma in 7 cases, mast cell tumor in 2 cases and intestinal hemangiosarcoma in 2 cases.[...](AU)

Leiomiossarcoma gástrico associado a hérnia de hiato em cão da raça Shar-pei: relato de caso / Gastric leiomyosarcoma associated with hiatal hernia in a Shar-pei: a case report

Os tumores do sistema digestório não são comuns na medicina veterinária e as neoplasias de estômago representam menos de 1% de todos os tumores malignos. O leiomiossarcoma é o segundo tumor que mais acomete o trato gastrointestinal de cães, com predisposição para as regiões de jejuno e ceco, mas qualquer porção pode ser afetada, desde o esôfago até o reto. O presente trabalho relata um caso em um canino da raça Shar-pei, macho, com 13 anos de idade e histórico de episódios eméticos pós- prandiais e emagrecimento progressivo havia oito meses. Após avaliação radiográfica e endoscópica, foi indicada intervenção cirúrgica e observada tumoração gástrica associada a hérnia de hiato. O diagnóstico de leiomiossarcoma gástrico foi estabelecido por meio de análise histopatológica. O paciente apresentou pouco tempo de sobrevida, entretanto destaca-se a raridade desse tipo de neoplasia gástrica e da associação desse tipo tumoral com hérnias de hiato, assim como a importância da análise histopatológica para o correto diagnóstico desse tipo de patologia.(AU)

Gastrointestinal system tumors are not common in Veterinary Medicine and stomach neoplasia represents less than 1% of all malignant tumors. Among digestive neoplasias, the leiomyosarcoma is the second most common with predisposition to the regions of the jejunum and cecum, but any portion from the esophagus to rectum can be potentially affected. This is a case report of a 13-year-old male Shar-pei dog with medical history of post prandial emetic episodes and progressive weight loss lasting eight months. Surgical intervention was indicated after radiographs and endoscopic evaluation, where a gastric mass and hiatal hernia were found. The diagnosis of gastric leiomyosarcoma was established only after histopathological analysis. Despite the patient having little survival time, this clinical presentation of a gastric tumor associated with hiatal hernia is rare, and exalts the importance of histopathological studies as a tool for the correct diagnosis in these unusual diseases.(AU)

Leiomiossarcoma gástrico associado a hérnia de hiato em cão da raça Shar-pei: relato de caso / Gastric leiomyosarcoma associated with hiatal hernia in a Shar-pei: a case report

Os tumores do sistema digestório não são comuns na medicina veterinária e as neoplasias de estômago representam menos de 1% de todos os tumores malignos. O leiomiossarcoma é o segundo tumor que mais acomete o trato gastrointestinal de cães, com predisposição para as regiões de jejuno e ceco, mas qualquer porção pode ser afetada, desde o esôfago até o reto. O presente trabalho relata um caso em um canino da raça Shar-pei, macho, com 13 anos de idade e histórico de episódios eméticos pós- prandiais e emagrecimento progressivo havia oito meses. Após avaliação radiográfica e endoscópica, foi indicada intervenção cirúrgica e observada tumoração gástrica associada a hérnia de hiato. O diagnóstico de leiomiossarcoma gástrico foi estabelecido por meio de análise histopatológica. O paciente apresentou pouco tempo de sobrevida, entretanto destaca-se a raridade desse tipo de neoplasia gástrica e da associação desse tipo tumoral com hérnias de hiato, assim como a importância da análise histopatológica para o correto diagnóstico desse tipo de patologia.(AU)

Gastrointestinal system tumors are not common in Veterinary Medicine and stomach neoplasia represents less than 1% of all malignant tumors. Among digestive neoplasias, the leiomyosarcoma is the second most common with predisposition to the regions of the jejunum and cecum, but any portion from the esophagus to rectum can be potentially affected. This is a case report of a 13-year-old male Shar-pei dog with medical history of post prandial emetic episodes and progressive weight loss lasting eight months. Surgical intervention was indicated after radiographs and endoscopic evaluation, where a gastric mass and hiatal hernia were found. The diagnosis of gastric leiomyosarcoma was established only after histopathological analysis. Despite the patient having little survival time, this clinical presentation of a gastric tumor associated with hiatal hernia is rare, and exalts the importance of histopathological studies as a tool for the correct diagnosis in these unusual diseases.(AU)

Odontogenic tumor, cholangioarcinoma and gastric fibroma in a dog – case report

Odontogenic tumors producing amyloid are rare neoplasms. Cholangiocarcinomas and fibromas are also referred to as infrequent. The objective of this study was to report the case of a dog, 17 years old, a poodle, who was treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Uberlândia. At necropsy, the animal presented only nodule located in the oral cavity, in the same way, only nodule in the hepatic parenchyma and in addition, multiple masses in the stomach. Microscopically, the histological features were compatible with odontogenic tumor producing amyloid, cholangiocarcinoma and fibroma, respectively. Reports of simultaneous occurrence of distinct tumors are scarce in the literature.

Os tumores odontogênicos produtores de amiloide são neoplasias raras. Os colangiocarcinomas e fibromas também são referidos como infrequentes. Objetivou-se relatar o caso de um cão, 17 anos, poodle, que foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. À necropsia, o animal apresentou único nódulo localizado na cavidade oral, da mesma forma, único nódulo no parênquima hepático e ademais, múltiplas massas no estômago. Microscopicamente, as características histológicas foram compatíveis com tumor odontogênico produtor de amiloide, colangiocarcinoma e fibroma, respectivamente. Relatos de ocorrência simultânea de tumores distintos são escassos na literatura.

Odontogenic tumor, cholangioarcinoma and gastric fibroma in a dog case report

Odontogenic tumors producing amyloid are rare neoplasms. Cholangiocarcinomas and fibromas are also referred to as infrequent. The objective of this study was to report the case of a dog, 17 years old, a poodle, who was treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Uberlândia. At necropsy, the animal presented only nodule located in the oral cavity, in the same way, only nodule in the hepatic parenchyma and in addition, multiple masses in the stomach. Microscopically, the histological features were compatible with odontogenic tumor producing amyloid, cholangiocarcinoma and fibroma, respectively. Reports of simultaneous occurrence of distinct tumors are scarce in the literature.(AU)

Os tumores odontogênicos produtores de amiloide são neoplasias raras. Os colangiocarcinomas e fibromas também são referidos como infrequentes. Objetivou-se relatar o caso de um cão, 17 anos, poodle, que foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. À necropsia, o animal apresentou único nódulo localizado na cavidade oral, da mesma forma, único nódulo no parênquima hepático e ademais, múltiplas massas no estômago. Microscopicamente, as características histológicas foram compatíveis com tumor odontogênico produtor de amiloide, colangiocarcinoma e fibroma, respectivamente. Relatos de ocorrência simultânea de tumores distintos são escassos na literatura.(AU)

Scirrhous eosinophilic gastritis in two dogs / Gastrite eosinofílica esquirrosa em dois cães

Scirrhous eosinophilic gastritis (SEG) is characterized by diffuse infiltration of eosinophils and concomitant fibrovascular tissue proliferation in the stomach wall. The condition is a rare occurrence with an unknown cause. Two dogs were examined with a history of progressive weight loss, emesis, melena and anorexia. Complete blood cell counts of both cases revealed anemia and eosinophilia, while ultrasonography examination revealed thickening of the stomach wall. Due to suspected gastric neoplasia and a poor clinical prognosis, the dogs were euthanized. At necropsy, both had markedly distended stomachs with a diffusely thickened and firm wall. The spleens of both dogs were enlarged with a nodular surface. Histological evaluation revealed diffuse infiltrate of eosinophils, fibrovascular tissue proliferation and fibrinoid degeneration in blood vessel walls of stomach and spleen. SEG is a rare pathological condition that must be considered as a possible diagnosis in dogs presenting gastrointestinal signs and eosinophilia.

A gastrite eosinofílica esquirrosa (GEE) é caracterizada por infiltrado inflamatório difuso de eosinófilos e concomitante proliferação de tecido fibrovascular no estômago. A condição apresenta ocorrência rara e causa desconhecida. Dois cães foram examinados com histórico de emagrecimento progressivo, êmese, melena e anorexia. O hemograma de ambos os casos revelou anemia e eosinofilia, enquanto o exame ultrassonográfico evidenciou espessamento da parede do estômago. Diante de suspeita de neoplasia gástrica e devido ao prognóstico desfavorável, foi realizada a eutanásia dos cães. Na necropsia, ambos apresentavam estômago acentuadamente aumentado, com parede difusamente espessada e firme. O baço dos dois cães apresentava-se aumentado e com superfície nodular. O exame histopatológico revelou infiltrado difuso de eosinófilos, proliferação de tecido fibrovascular e degeneração fibrinoide na parede de vasos sanguíneos no estômago e baço. A GEE é uma condição patológica rara que deve ser considerada no diagnóstico em cães que apresentem sinais gastrointestinais e eosinofilia.

Scirrhous eosinophilic gastritis in two dogs / Gastrite eosinofílica esquirrosa em dois cães

Scirrhous eosinophilic gastritis (SEG) is characterized by diffuse infiltration of eosinophils and concomitant fibrovascular tissue proliferation in the stomach wall. The condition is a rare occurrence with an unknown cause. Two dogs were examined with a history of progressive weight loss, emesis, melena and anorexia. Complete blood cell counts of both cases revealed anemia and eosinophilia, while ultrasonography examination revealed thickening of the stomach wall. Due to suspected gastric neoplasia and a poor clinical prognosis, the dogs were euthanized. At necropsy, both had markedly distended stomachs with a diffusely thickened and firm wall. The spleens of both dogs were enlarged with a nodular surface. Histological evaluation revealed diffuse infiltrate of eosinophils, fibrovascular tissue proliferation and fibrinoid degeneration in blood vessel walls of stomach and spleen. SEG is a rare pathological condition that must be considered as a possible diagnosis in dogs presenting gastrointestinal signs and eosinophilia.(AU)

A gastrite eosinofílica esquirrosa (GEE) é caracterizada por infiltrado inflamatório difuso de eosinófilos e concomitante proliferação de tecido fibrovascular no estômago. A condição apresenta ocorrência rara e causa desconhecida. Dois cães foram examinados com histórico de emagrecimento progressivo, êmese, melena e anorexia. O hemograma de ambos os casos revelou anemia e eosinofilia, enquanto o exame ultrassonográfico evidenciou espessamento da parede do estômago. Diante de suspeita de neoplasia gástrica e devido ao prognóstico desfavorável, foi realizada a eutanásia dos cães. Na necropsia, ambos apresentavam estômago acentuadamente aumentado, com parede difusamente espessada e firme. O baço dos dois cães apresentava-se aumentado e com superfície nodular. O exame histopatológico revelou infiltrado difuso de eosinófilos, proliferação de tecido fibrovascular e degeneração fibrinoide na parede de vasos sanguíneos no estômago e baço. A GEE é uma condição patológica rara que deve ser considerada no diagnóstico em cães que apresentem sinais gastrointestinais e eosinofilia.(AU)

Sarcoma gástrico em cão: relato de caso / Gastric sarcoma in a dog: case report

Tumores gástricos em animais domésticos são raros, e a literatura pertinente é escassa. Em humanos, esse tumor representa 80% dos tumores mesenquimais do trato digestivo, sendo mais comum no estômago (70%). Indivíduos de meia-idade e idosos, principalmente do gênero masculino, são os mais afetados, e o diagnosticado é feito com base em suas manifestações clínicas associadas à morfologia celular típica e à imuno-histoquímica positiva. O presente trabalho objetiva descrever um sarcoma gástrico em cão, assim como o diagnóstico, o tratamento cirúrgico e o pós-cirúrgico do animal. Foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Unimes) um cão macho, SRD, 10 anos, 8,3kg, castrado, com bom estado geral, com queixa de emese há um ano. Na ultrassonografia abdominal foi observada a presença de uma formação arredondada no estômago que media 3,20 x 2,61cm, localizada na região epigástrica em contiguidade com a parede. O cão foi submetido a endoscopia gástrica, em que se observou a presença de uma massa arredondada na região pilórica, confirmada na laparotomia e na gastrotomia. O tumor retirado foi enviado para avaliação anatomopatológica, e os achados foram compatíveis com sarcoma estromal gástrico.(AU)

Gastric tumors in domestic animals are rare and the literature is scarce. In humans this tumor represents 80% of mesenchymal tumors of the digestive tract, most commonly in the stomach (70%). Affected individuals are middle-aged and elderly, especially males, diagnosed from its clinical manifestations in association with typical cell morphology and positive immunohistochemistry. The aim of this report was to describe a gastric sarcoma in a dog, as well as the diagnosis, surgical and post surgical treatment. The experiment was conducted in the Veterinary Hospital of the Metropolitan University of Santos (UNIMES) on a male dog, SRD, 10 years old, 8.3kg, castrated, in a good general condition, with complaint of emesis for year. In the abdominal ultrasound exam we observed the presence of a round formation in the stomach which measured 3.20 x 2.61cm, located in the epigastric region contiguous with the wall. The dog was submitted to gastric endoscopy, in which the presence of a rounded mass in the pyloric region was observed, and laparotomy and gastrostomy were performed. The removed tumor was sent for pathologic evaluation, where the findings were compatible with gastric stromal sarcoma.(AU)

Sarcoma gástrico em cão: relato de caso / Gastric sarcoma in a dog: case report

Tumores gástricos em animais domésticos são raros, e a literatura pertinente é escassa. Em humanos, esse tumor representa 80% dos tumores mesenquimais do trato digestivo, sendo mais comum no estômago (70%). Indivíduos de meia-idade e idosos, principalmente do gênero masculino, são os mais afetados, e o diagnosticado é feito com base em suas manifestações clínicas associadas à morfologia celular típica e à imuno-histoquímica positiva. O presente trabalho objetiva descrever um sarcoma gástrico em cão, assim como o diagnóstico, o tratamento cirúrgico e o pós-cirúrgico do animal. Foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Unimes) um cão macho, SRD, 10 anos, 8,3kg, castrado, com bom estado geral, com queixa de emese há um ano. Na ultrassonografia abdominal foi observada a presença de uma formação arredondada no estômago que media 3,20 x 2,61cm, localizada na região epigástrica em contiguidade com a parede. O cão foi submetido a endoscopia gástrica, em que se observou a presença de uma massa arredondada na região pilórica, confirmada na laparotomia e na gastrotomia. O tumor retirado foi enviado para avaliação anatomopatológica, e os achados foram compatíveis com sarcoma estromal gástrico.(AU)

Gastric tumors in domestic animals are rare and the literature is scarce. In humans this tumor represents 80% of mesenchymal tumors of the digestive tract, most commonly in the stomach (70%). Affected individuals are middle-aged and elderly, especially males, diagnosed from its clinical manifestations in association with typical cell morphology and positive immunohistochemistry. The aim of this report was to describe a gastric sarcoma in a dog, as well as the diagnosis, surgical and post surgical treatment. The experiment was conducted in the Veterinary Hospital of the Metropolitan University of Santos (UNIMES) on a male dog, SRD, 10 years old, 8.3kg, castrated, in a good general condition, with complaint of emesis for year. In the abdominal ultrasound exam we observed the presence of a round formation in the stomach which measured 3.20 x 2.61cm, located in the epigastric region contiguous with the wall. The dog was submitted to gastric endoscopy, in which the presence of a rounded mass in the pyloric region was observed, and laparotomy and gastrostomy were performed. The removed tumor was sent for pathologic evaluation, where the findings were compatible with gastric stromal sarcoma.(AU)

Late administration of a specific COX-2 inhibitor does not treat and/or prevent progression of gastric tumors in rats submitted to duodenogastric reflux procedure

PURPOSE:To assess whether late introduction of a specific COX-2 inhibitor (Meloxicam) can treat and/or prevent the progression of tumors in the stomach of rats submitted to duodenogastric reflux. METHODS: Seventy five male Wistar rats, weighing 150 grams, were submitted to the induction of duodenogastric reflux through the pylorus. At 36 weeks of follow-up were established three experimental groups: DGR36 sacrificed immediately, DGR54 and DGR54MLX both sacrificed at 54th week of follow-up . The animals of the latter group were fed with a rat chow premixed with Meloxicam (2.0 mg/ kg feed; 0.3 mg / kg bw / day) and the other two with standard rat chow. The lesions found in the pyloric mucosa and gastrojejunal anastomosis were analyzed macroscopically and histologically. For statistical analysis was adjusted a generalized linear model assuming a binomial distribution with LOGIT link function. RESULTS: No significant differences were found when comparing the incidences of benign tumor lesions (Adenomatous Hyperplasia), p=0.4915, or malignant (Mucinous Adenocarcinoma), p=0.2731, among groups. CONCLUSION: Late introduction of specific COX-2 inhibitor (Meloxicam) did not treat and was not able to prevent the progression of tumoral lesions induced by duodenogastric reflux in the rat stomachs.(AU)