Mandibulectomia em um bovino - Relato de caso / Mandybulectomy in a bovine - Case report abstract / Mandibulectomia a en bovinos - Reporte de caso

A fratura é uma descontinuidade óssea, completa ou incompleta. Fraturas mandibulares em ruminantes são provocadas por malformações congênitas, neoplasias, manipulação obstétrica e traumas. Essas patologias causam defeitos segmentares da mandíbula que requerem interversões cirúrgicas. Relata-se caso de fratura completa bilateral em região de meridiano mandibular em um bezerro da raça Braford de vinte dias de idade, atendido no Hospital Veterinário de Grandes Animais da FAIT, Itapeva-SP. O animal apresentou protusão de língua, sialorreia, taquicardia, edema na região mandibular, odor fétido e secreção purulenta. Segundo a confirmação radiográfica e achados de termografia infravermelha, o tratamento consistiu na cirurgia de mandibulectomia bilateral. Conclui-se que a mandibulectomia, aplicada devido abordagem tardia e inviabilidade do tecido mole, não proporciona adaptação a dieta com volumoso, comprometendo a expectativa de vida do bovino.(AU)

Fracture is a bone discontinuity, complete or incomplete. Congenital malformations, neoplasms, obstetric manipulation andtrauma cause mandibular fractures in ruminants. These pathologies cause segmental defects of the mandible that require surgical interventions. We report a case of complete bilateral fracture in the region of the mandibular meridian in a twenty-day-old Braford calf, treated at the Large Animal Veterinary Hospital of FAIT, Itapeva-SP. The animal presented tongue protrusion, drooling, tachycardia, edema in the mandibular region, foul odor and purulent secretion. According to radiographic confirmation and infrared thermography findings, treatment consisted of bilateral mandibulectomy surgery.It is concluded that mandibulectomy, applied due to late approach and infeasibility of the soft tissue, does not provide adaptation to bulky feeds, compromising the life expectancy of the bovine.(AU)

La fractura es una discontinuidad ósea, completa o incompleta. Las fracturas mandibulares en rumiantes son causadas por malformaciones congénitas, neoplasias, manipulación obstétrica y traumatismos. Estas patologías provocan defectos segmentarios de la mandíbula que requieren intervenciones quirúrgicas. Presentamos un caso de fractura bilateral completa en la región del meridiano mandibular en un ternero de veinte días de edad atendido en el Hospital Veterinario de Grandes Animales de la FAIT, Itapeva-SP. El animal presentaba protrusión de la lengua, babeo, taquicardia, edema en la región mandibular, mal olor y secreción purulenta. Según la confirmación radiográfica y los hallazgos de la termografía infrarroja, el tratamiento consistió en una cirugía de mandibulectomía bilateral. Se concluye que la mandibulectomía, aplicada por abordaje tardío e inviabilidad de los tejidos blandos, no proporciona adaptación a la dieta con fibra, comprometiendo la expectativa de vida del bovino.(AU)

Mandibulectomia em felino com osteomielite fibrosante bacteriana / Mandibulectomy in feline with bacterial fibrosing osteomyelitis

Background: Fibrosing osteomyelitis is a chronic inflammatory process caused by infectious agents that lead to the destructionand replacement of bone tissue by fibroblasts. The diagnosis is based especially on histopathological and bacterial culture. Incases where extensive and irreversible injuries are observed, surgical treatment may be indicated. The objective of this work isto report the clinical, radiographic, histopathological, and microbiological aspects of a cat presenting fibrosing osteomyelitis.Case: A 10-year-old male feline, no defined breed, weighing 3.9 kg was referred to one Private Veterinary Clinic of Fortaleza,CE, Brazil with a history of left mandibular enlargement, presenting dysphagia, sialorrhea, an increase in firm consistencyalong of the left mandibular body, temporomandibular arthralgia and decreased joint motion range. On cranium radiograph,signs of proliferative osteopathy of irregular contours were observed in the branch and body of the left mandible and extending to the rostral region of the right mandible, suggesting a neoplastic process. After anesthesia, for better assessment ofthe oral cavity, a sample was collected by incisional biopsy, however, the histopathological result was nonspecific. In viewof the inconclusive condition, it was decided to perform left hemimandibulectomy combined with right partial mandibulectomy. Tissue samples were obtained and sent for microbiological and histopathological analyses. The last test revealedan inflammatory reaction consisting of neutrophils and plasma cells, associated with a large amount of fibrous connectivetissue, multifocal bacterial aggregates, necrosis and bone resorption. Based on the findings, the diagnosis of chronic bacterial osteomyelitis was concluded. The microbiological culture demonstrated the growth of the bacterium Pseudomonasaeruginosa, with sensitivity to cefovecin, which was administered to the treatment in....

Mandibulectomia em felino com osteomielite fibrosante bacteriana / Mandibulectomy in feline with bacterial fibrosing osteomyelitis

Background: Fibrosing osteomyelitis is a chronic inflammatory process caused by infectious agents that lead to the destructionand replacement of bone tissue by fibroblasts. The diagnosis is based especially on histopathological and bacterial culture. Incases where extensive and irreversible injuries are observed, surgical treatment may be indicated. The objective of this work isto report the clinical, radiographic, histopathological, and microbiological aspects of a cat presenting fibrosing osteomyelitis.Case: A 10-year-old male feline, no defined breed, weighing 3.9 kg was referred to one Private Veterinary Clinic of Fortaleza,CE, Brazil with a history of left mandibular enlargement, presenting dysphagia, sialorrhea, an increase in firm consistencyalong of the left mandibular body, temporomandibular arthralgia and decreased joint motion range. On cranium radiograph,signs of proliferative osteopathy of irregular contours were observed in the branch and body of the left mandible and extending to the rostral region of the right mandible, suggesting a neoplastic process. After anesthesia, for better assessment ofthe oral cavity, a sample was collected by incisional biopsy, however, the histopathological result was nonspecific. In viewof the inconclusive condition, it was decided to perform left hemimandibulectomy combined with right partial mandibulectomy. Tissue samples were obtained and sent for microbiological and histopathological analyses. The last test revealedan inflammatory reaction consisting of neutrophils and plasma cells, associated with a large amount of fibrous connectivetissue, multifocal bacterial aggregates, necrosis and bone resorption. Based on the findings, the diagnosis of chronic bacterial osteomyelitis was concluded. The microbiological culture demonstrated the growth of the bacterium Pseudomonasaeruginosa, with sensitivity to cefovecin, which was administered to the treatment in....(AU)

Osteomielite fibrosante bacteriana mandibular em felino / Bacterial fibrous osteomyelitis of the mandible in feline

A osteomielite fibrosante é um processo inflamatório crônico, acompanhado pela destruição e substituição do tecido ósseo por fibroblastos, causado por um microorganismo infectante. Seu diagnóstico é baseado na história, achados radiográficos, histopatologia, cultura e antibiograma. O objetivo do presente estudo foi descrever um caso de osteomielite bacteriana crônica em felino doméstico (Felis catus) na região da mandíbula, acompanhado de osteólise. Após o exame, foi confirmado o diagnóstico de osteomielite fibrosante causada pela bactéria Pseudomonas aeruginosa. O tratamento de escolha foi hemimandibulectomia da porção afetada associada à antibioticoterapia. A paciente apresentou boa recuperação pós-operatória, concluindo que a técnica cirúrgica associada ao uso de antibióticos sensíveis às bactérias mostrou-se eficiente na resolução.

Firming osteomyelitis is a chronic inflammatory process, accompanied by destruction and replacement of bone tissue by fibroblasts, caused by an infecting microorganism. Its diagnosis is based on history, radiographic findings, histopathology, culture and antibiogram. The aim of the present study was to describe a case of chronic bacterial osteomyelitis in domestic feline (Felis catus) in the mandible region, accompanied by osteolysis. After examination, the diagnosis of fibrosing osteomyelitis caused by the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa was confirmed. The treatment of choice was hemimandibulectomy of the affected portion associated with antibiotic therapy. The patient had a good postoperative recovery, thus concluding that the surgical technique associated with the use of bacteria-sensitive antibiotics proved to be efficient in resolving.

Postoperative care and long-term follow-up after a rostral mandibulectomy to treat an ossifying fibroma in a horse / Cuidados pós-operatórios e acompanhamento a longo prazo após mandibulectomia rostral no tratamento de fibroma ossificante em um equino

Ossifying fibroma is a disfiguring benign neoplasia of the jaw that affects young animals of several species, including horses. The present report described the postoperative care and long-term follow-up after a rostral mandibulectomy (RM) that was performed to treat an ossifying fibroma in a horse. A 3-year-old crossbred horse presented a hard, well-defined, 14.5×10.0×9.5cm ulcerated mass attached to the rostral mandible. Radiographic findings were compatible with a nonaggressive mandibular bone deformity (benign neoplasia). Histological features confirmed the diagnosis of the ossifying fibroma. After the RM, the horse slowly adapted to the new feeding conditions and was discharged when it fully recovered and was capable of feeding on the paddock and drinking water on its own on day 60. This slow adaptation was crucial for post-surgical recovery and required hard labor to manage the feeding and hydration by nasogastric tube during the hospital stay.(AU)

Fibroma ossificante é uma neoplasia benigna desfigurante da mandíbula, que afeta animais jovens de várias espécies, incluindo equinos. O presente relato descreve os cuidados pós-operatórios e o acompanhamento a longo prazo após mandibulectomia rostral (MR) no tratamento de um fibroma ossificante em um equino. Um cavalo mestiço de três anos de idade apresentou massa ulcerada, dura, bem definida, medindo 14,5x10x9,5cm, contígua à mandíbula rostral. Os achados radiográficos foram compatíveis com uma deformidade óssea mandibular não agressiva (neoplasia benigna). As características histológicas confirmaram o diagnóstico de fibroma ossificante. Após a MR, o equino adaptou-se lentamente às novas condições de alimentação e recebeu alta clínica totalmente recuperado, sendo capaz de se alimentar em piquetes e beber água por conta própria, no 60o dia. Esta lenta adaptação foi crucial para recuperação pós-cirúrgica e exigiu trabalho árduo no manejo da alimentação e hidratação por meio de sonda nasogástrica durante o período de internação hospitalar.(AU)

A utilização da radioterapia como terapia adjuvante no tratamento do melanoma oral em um cão / Radiation Therapy as an Adjuvant Therapy for the Treatment of Oral Melanoma in a Dog

Background: Canine oral melanoma is highly aggressive, with an infi ltrative and metastatic behavior. The staging scheme for dogs with oral melanoma is primarily based on size, with stage I = < 2 cm diameter tumor, stage II = 2 cm to < 4 cm diameter tumor, stage III = 4 cm or greater tumor and/or lymph node metastasis and stage IV = distant metastasis. Surgery and radiation therapy are commonly used for local treatment of oral melanoma. Surgery must be aggressive and wide excision, such as partial mandibulectomy or maxillectomy, can be declined by owners. Median survival times for dogs with oral melanoma treated with surgery and chemotherapy is approximately seventeen, five and three months with stage I, II and III disease, respectively. Radiation therapy plays a role in the local treatment of canine melanoma when the tumor is not surgically resectable, the tumor has been removed with incomplete margins and/or the melanoma has metastasized to local lymph nodes without further distant metastasis. Case: A dog with stage III oral melanoma was treated with radiation therapy and chemotherapy. The protocol consisted of three 8 gy radiation fractions (days 0, 7 and 21) delivered by an orthovoltage unit. Energy of 120 kV, 15 mA e 2 mm aluminum filter were used. Collimator size was 6 x 8 cm and source to skin distance was 30 cm. Dose rate was 187 cgy/minute delivered at 1 cm tissue depth, with the animal positioned in left recumbency. Treatment field included visible tumor plus a three cm margin. Lead sheets of 2 mm thickness were used to protect normal tissues around tumor. The dog was anesthetized with propofol (5 mg/kg EV) for correct position every radiation fraction. The chemotherapy consisted of four cycles of carboplatin (300 mg/m2 intravenously) administered every 21 days. The radiation therapy was well tolerated, and the only acute reaction observed in the irradiated field was epilation. The tumor had a partial remission of about 90% of the lesion, which was stable for six months. Discussion: The reported dog had a mandibular melanoma greater than 4 cm diameter with no evidence of regional or distant metastasis, and was diagnosed as having stage III disease. The animal was referred for radiation therapy because of non-acceptance of the owner to carry out the hemimandibulectomy, believing that the animal would have decreased quality of life to have a short survival even with surgery and chemotherapy. Radiation therapy was delivered with palliative intention to reduce tumor size and animal discomfort. With radiation therapy and chemotherapy, survival time was six months, exceeding the median survival for patients with stage III treated with wide surgical excision and chemotherapy (that would be three months), without showing side effects that diminish its quality of life. Systemic chemotherapy was used in the reported case with the purposes of acting as a radiopotentiation agent and delaying development of metastasis. Carboplatin has been used as radiopotentiation agent because it interferes with DNA synthesis. In the reported case, chemotherapy was well tolerated. Common radiation side effects include stomatitis, glossitis, skin epilation, erythema and desquamation. In the reported dog, treatment was very well tolerated, and only skin epilation was observed. Radiation therapy can be considered as an alternative option for oral melanoma when wide surgical resection is declined by owners.

Carcinoma de células escamosas na glândula salivar em felino doméstico / Squamous cell carcinoma of the salivary gland in domestic cat

As neoplasias em cavidade oral ocupam o quarto local de maior incidência de tumores em cães e gatos,sendo o carcinoma de maior incidência na espécie felina. Entretanto, as glândulas salivares são raramenteacometidas por esta afecção, porém, quando ocorre, as mais acometidas são a mandibular e a parótida.O presente artigo tem como objetivo relatar um caso de um felino, sem raça definida, macho, com 11anos de idade, atendido do HCV-UFRGS, o qual apresentava um aumento de volume submandibular háquatro meses e que nos últimos 20 dias estava crescendo progressivamente. Os sinais clínicos observadosforam disfagia, sialorréia e perda de peso. Após o exame clínico, foi indicado a realização de examescomplementares, destacando-se a radiografia do crânio e exame citológico do local afetado, os quaisrevelaram radioluscência do ramo horizontal mandibular direito e presença de células compatível comcarcinoma de células escamosas (CCE) de glândula salivar, respectivamente. Realizou-se o tratamentocirúrgico com ressecção em bloco da glândula salivar em conjunto com o ramo mandibular afetado, alémdo linfonodo mandibular, que encontrava-se aumentado. Decorrido dois meses do procedimento, houverecidiva local do tumor e o proprietário optou pela realização da eutanásia.(AU)

Cancer in oral cavity occupies the fourth place of the highest incident tumors in dogs and cats, andcarcinoma is most incident in the feline species. However, the salivary glands are rarely affected by thisdisease, but when it does, the most affected are mandibular and parotid glands. We report a case of a cat,mixed breed, male, 11 years old, accepted in HCV-UFRGS, with submandibular swelling for four monthsand about the last 20 days it was growing progressively. Clinical signs were dysphagia, drooling andweight loss. After clinical examination, he was submitted to additional tests, especially X-ray of the skulland cytological examination of affected region. X-ray revealed radiolucency of the right mandibular horizontalbranch and cytological examination indicated the presence of cells consistent with carcinoma ofthe salivary gland. Surgery was performed through bloc resection of the salivary gland, in conjunctionwith the affected ramus and mandibular lymph node, which was enlarged. Two months after proceeding,tumor had recurred locally and the owner chose to proceed with euthanasia.(AU)

Carcinoma de células escamosas na glândula salivar em felino doméstico / Squamous cell carcinoma of the salivary gland in domestic cat

As neoplasias em cavidade oral ocupam o quarto local de maior incidência de tumores em cães e gatos,sendo o carcinoma de maior incidência na espécie felina. Entretanto, as glândulas salivares são raramenteacometidas por esta afecção, porém, quando ocorre, as mais acometidas são a mandibular e a parótida.O presente artigo tem como objetivo relatar um caso de um felino, sem raça definida, macho, com 11anos de idade, atendido do HCV-UFRGS, o qual apresentava um aumento de volume submandibular háquatro meses e que nos últimos 20 dias estava crescendo progressivamente. Os sinais clínicos observadosforam disfagia, sialorréia e perda de peso. Após o exame clínico, foi indicado a realização de examescomplementares, destacando-se a radiografia do crânio e exame citológico do local afetado, os quaisrevelaram radioluscência do ramo horizontal mandibular direito e presença de células compatível comcarcinoma de células escamosas (CCE) de glândula salivar, respectivamente. Realizou-se o tratamentocirúrgico com ressecção em bloco da glândula salivar em conjunto com o ramo mandibular afetado, alémdo linfonodo mandibular, que encontrava-se aumentado. Decorrido dois meses do procedimento, houverecidiva local do tumor e o proprietário optou pela realização da eutanásia.

Cancer in oral cavity occupies the fourth place of the highest incident tumors in dogs and cats, andcarcinoma is most incident in the feline species. However, the salivary glands are rarely affected by thisdisease, but when it does, the most affected are mandibular and parotid glands. We report a case of a cat,mixed breed, male, 11 years old, accepted in HCV-UFRGS, with submandibular swelling for four monthsand about the last 20 days it was growing progressively. Clinical signs were dysphagia, drooling andweight loss. After clinical examination, he was submitted to additional tests, especially X-ray of the skulland cytological examination of affected region. X-ray revealed radiolucency of the right mandibular horizontalbranch and cytological examination indicated the presence of cells consistent with carcinoma ofthe salivary gland. Surgery was performed through bloc resection of the salivary gland, in conjunctionwith the affected ramus and mandibular lymph node, which was enlarged. Two months after proceeding,tumor had recurred locally and the owner chose to proceed with euthanasia.