Resumo
The contamination of aquatic environments by microplastic has become a major threat to biodiversity. The presence of microplastic is documented in the aquatic fauna of the oceans, but, in the Amazon basin, reports on microplastic occurrence are few. The present study surveyed microplastic occurrence in fishes in an area of the Peruvian Amazon. We sampled 61 specimens of 15 commercial species from local markets in the city of Iquitos, Loreto Department. We detected a total of 2337 microplastic particles, 1096 in the gills and 1241 in the internal organs (esophagus, stomach, intestine, liver, gonads, pancreas, swim bladder and heart). The prevalence of microplastic particles was 100% and the overall average abundance was of 38.3 particles per individual (17.9 particles per individual in gills and 20.3 particles per individual in internal organs). Most particles were found in carnivorous fish. There was no correlation of particle abundance with fish standard length and weight. These results provided evidence of the degree of microplastic contamination of the fish fauna in the region of Iquitos.(AU)
La contaminación de ambientes acuáticos por microplásticos se ha convertido en una gran amenaza para la biodiversidad. La presencia de microplásticos está bien documentada en la fauna acuática de los océanos, pero en la cuenca del Amazonas hay pocos reportes de ocurrencia. En este trabajo se investigó la ocurrencia de partículas de microplásticos en peces de un área de la Amazonía peruana. Se obtuvieron 61 especímenes de 15 especies comerciales provenientes de los mercados locales de la ciudad de Iquitos. Se detectó un total de 2337 partículas de microplástico, 1096 en las branquias y 1241 en los órganos internos (esófago, estomago, intestinos, hígado, gónadas, páncreas, vejiga natatoria y corazón). La prevalencia de partículas de microplástico fue del 100% y la abundancia general de partículas de microplástico fue de 38.3 partículas por individuo (17.9 partículas por individuo en las branquias y 20.3 partículas por individuo en los órganos internos). La mayor cantidad de particulas fué encontrada en peces carnivoros. No hubo correlación entre la abundancia de las particulas y el tamaño estandar y peso de los peces. Estos resultados proporcionan evidencia de los niveles de contaminación por microplásticos en la fauna de peces amazónica en la región de Iquitos.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Peixes/fisiologia , Microplásticos/análise , Peru , Poluição de Rios , Ecossistema Amazônico , BiodiversidadeResumo
RESUMEN Se midió, analizó y comparó 54 cráneos de tapir sudamericano, Tapirus terrestris recolectados en el departamento de Loreto, Perú, para investigar el desarrollo craneal de esta especie. Se realizaron análisis univariados, multivariados y alométricos de los cráneos utilizando 32 variables mediante morfometría tradicional. Se detectó una variación significativa de la forma del cráneo entre clases ontogenéticas. Los individuos más jóvenes (clase I, n = 22) mostraron mayor variación que subadultos y adultos (clases II, n = 23 y III, n = 9), pero sin evidencia de dimorfismo sexual (machos = 35, hembras = 19). Un análisis de componentes principales y un análisis de función discriminante mostraron una separación casi completa de las clases ontogenéticas. El análisis alométrico indicó una tendencia de crecimiento craneal desproporcionado. Todas nuestras muestras provienen de la misma población que vive bajo la misma condición ecológica, lo que elimina el efecto de confusión de variables relacionadas con el hábitat sobre el patrón de variaciones ontogenéticas de esta estructura anatómica.
ABSTRACT The skulls of 54 specimens of the South American tapir, Tapirus terrestris collected in the department of Loreto, Peru were measured, analyzed and compared to investigate skull development of this species. Univariate, multivariate and allometric analyses were performed using 32 skull variables through traditional morphometrics. Significant skull shape variation was detected among ontogenetic classes. Young individuals (class I, n = 22) showed higher variation than subadults and adults (class II, n = 23 and class III, n = 9), without evidence of sexual dimorphism (males = 35, females = 19). Principal component analyses and discriminant function analysis showed almost complete separation of the age classes. Allometric analysis indicated a tendency of unproportioned cranial growth. All our samples come from the same population living under the same ecological condition, which eliminates the effect of confounding variables related to habitat on the pattern of ontogenetic variation of this anatomical structure.
Resumo
The skulls of 54 specimens of the South American tapir, Tapirus terrestris collected in the department of Loreto, Peru were measured, analyzed and compared to investigate skull development of this species. Univariate, multivariate and allometric analyses were performed using 32 skull variables through traditional morphometrics. Significant skull shape variation was detected among ontogenetic classes. Young individuals (class I, n = 22) showed higher variation than subadults and adults (class II, n = 23 and class III, n = 9), without evidence of sexual dimorphism (males = 35, females = 19). Principal component analyses and discriminant function analysis showed almost complete separation of the age classes. Allometric analysis indicated a tendency of unproportioned cranial growth. All our samples come from the same population living under the same ecological condition, which eliminates the effect of confounding variables related to habitat on the pattern of ontogenetic variation of this anatomical structure.
Se midió, analizó y comparó 54 cráneos de tapir sudamericano, Tapirus terrestris recolectados en el departamento de Loreto, Perú, para investigar el desarrollo craneal de esta especie. Se realizaron análisis univariados, multivariados y alométricos de los cráneos utilizando 32 variables mediante morfometría tradicional. Se detectó una variación significativa de la forma del cráneo entre clases ontogenéticas. Los individuos más jóvenes (clase I, n = 22) mostraron mayor variación que subadultos y adultos (clases II, n = 23 y III, n = 9), pero sin evidencia de dimorfismo sexual (machos = 35, hembras = 19). Un análisis de componentes principales y un análisis de función discriminante mostraron una separación casi completa de las clases ontogenéticas. El análisis alométrico indicó una tendencia de crecimiento craneal desproporcionado. Todas nuestras muestras provienen de la misma población que vive bajo la misma condición ecológica, lo que elimina el efecto de confusión de variables relacionadas con el hábitat sobre el patrón de variaciones ontogenéticas de esta estructura anatómica.
Assuntos
Animais , Caracteres Sexuais , Crânio/anatomia & histologia , Perissodáctilos/genéticaResumo
The skulls of 54 specimens of the South American tapir, Tapirus terrestris collected in the department of Loreto, Peru were measured, analyzed and compared to investigate skull development of this species. Univariate, multivariate and allometric analyses were performed using 32 skull variables through traditional morphometrics. Significant skull shape variation was detected among ontogenetic classes. Young individuals (class I, n = 22) showed higher variation than subadults and adults (class II, n = 23 and class III, n = 9), without evidence of sexual dimorphism (males = 35, females = 19). Principal component analyses and discriminant function analysis showed almost complete separation of the age classes. Allometric analysis indicated a tendency of unproportioned cranial growth. All our samples come from the same population living under the same ecological condition, which eliminates the effect of confounding variables related to habitat on the pattern of ontogenetic variation of this anatomical structure.(AU)
Se midió, analizó y comparó 54 cráneos de tapir sudamericano, Tapirus terrestris recolectados en el departamento de Loreto, Perú, para investigar el desarrollo craneal de esta especie. Se realizaron análisis univariados, multivariados y alométricos de los cráneos utilizando 32 variables mediante morfometría tradicional. Se detectó una variación significativa de la forma del cráneo entre clases ontogenéticas. Los individuos más jóvenes (clase I, n = 22) mostraron mayor variación que subadultos y adultos (clases II, n = 23 y III, n = 9), pero sin evidencia de dimorfismo sexual (machos = 35, hembras = 19). Un análisis de componentes principales y un análisis de función discriminante mostraron una separación casi completa de las clases ontogenéticas. El análisis alométrico indicó una tendencia de crecimiento craneal desproporcionado. Todas nuestras muestras provienen de la misma población que vive bajo la misma condición ecológica, lo que elimina el efecto de confusión de variables relacionadas con el hábitat sobre el patrón de variaciones ontogenéticas de esta estructura anatómica.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Perissodáctilos/genética , Crânio/anatomia & histologia , Caracteres SexuaisResumo
Crypturellus duidae (Tinamidae) is a poor-soil specialist with isolated populations in Amazonia, and is considered restricted to white-sand forest habitats. We report the first record of C. duidae in a peatland forest in northern Peru, in the Putumayo River basin. Our record extends the known distribution of C. duidae between two disjoint areas of occurrence in Peru and Colombia, and shows its presence in peatland forest, another forest type on nutrient-poor soils. Additionally, we report the presence of other poor-soil specialist bird species that were previously registered in peatlands. Together with the new record of C. duidae, these bird records provide evidence of the diversity of poor-soil specialists in peatland forests.(AU)
Crypturellus duidae (Tinamidae) es considerada un ave especialista de suelos pobres, con poblaciones aisladas y restrictas a bosques sobre arena blanca en Amazonía. En este trabajo reportamos el primer registro de C. duidae en un bosque de turbera al norte de Perú, en la cuenca del Río Putumayo. Nuestro registro extiende la distribución conocida de C. duidae entre dos áreas de ocurrencia disjunta entre Perú y Colombia, y muestra su presencia en bosques de turbera, otro tipo de bosque sobre suelos pobres en nutrientes. Adicionalmente reportamos la presencia de otras aves especialistas de suelos pobres anteriormente registradas en turberas. En conjunto con el nuevo registro de C. duidae, esos registros de aves proporcionan evidencia de la diversidad de especialistas de suelos pobres en bosques de turberas.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Aves/classificação , Análise do Solo , Áreas AlagadasResumo
Based on material recently collected in Peru (Loreto department) the female of Poeciloxestia plagiata (Waterhouse, 1880), and the male of Iuati spinithorax Martins & Galileo, 2010 are described and figured for the first time. Both species are recorded for the first time from Peru.
Resumo
Based on material recently collected in Peru (Loreto department) the female of Poeciloxestia plagiata (Waterhouse, 1880), and the male of Iuati spinithorax Martins & Galileo, 2010 are described and figured for the first time. Both species are recorded for the first time from Peru.(AU)
Resumo
Los bosques sobre arena blanca, aunque bajo en nutrientes, se caracterizan por presentar no solo varias especies endémicas sino también varias especies monodominantes. En general, las plantas en este tipo de bosque presentan fustes notoriamente delgados. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue elaborar una clave dicotómica paralela para la identificación de las especies de Angiospermas arbóreas de los bosques sobre arena blanca de la Reserva Nacional Allpahuayo Mishana, Loreto, Perú. Para la elaboración de la lista de especies que ocurren en los bosques sobre arena blanca se hizo una revisión bibliográfica. Se encontraron 219 especies de Angiospermas, las especies con mayor porcentaje de individuos fueron: Pachira brevipes (26.27%), Caraipa utilis (17.90%), Dicymbe uaiparuensis (13.27%), Dendropanax umbellatus (3.28%), Sloanea spathulata (2.52%), Ternstroemia klugiana (2.30%), Haploclathra cordata (2.28%), Parkia igneiflora (1.20%), Emmotum floribundum (1.06%), Ravenia biramosa (1.04%) entre otras. La mayoría de las especies de los bosques sobre arena blanca pueden ser diferenciadas utilizando características de los tallos, ramas y hojas. Esta clave es de mucha utilidad para el desarrollo de inventarios florísticos y otros proyectos afines en los bosques sobre arena blanca de la Reserva Nacional Allpahuayo Mishana.
White sand forests, although low in nutrients, are characterized not only by several endemic species of plants but also by several monodominant species. In general, plants in this forest have noticeably thin stems. The aim of this work was to elaborate a parallel dichotomous key for the identification of Angiosperm tree species occurring on white sand forests at the Allpahuayo Mishana National Reserve, Loreto, Peru. We compiled a list of species from several publications in order to have the most comprehensive list of species that occur on white sand forest. We found 219 species of Angiosperm, the more abundant species were Pachira brevipes (26.27%), Caraipa utilis (17.90%), Dicymbe uaiparuensis (13.27%), Dendropanax umbellatus (3.28%), Sloanea spathulata (2.52%), Ternstroemia klugiana (2.30%), Haploclathra cordata (2.28%), Parkia igneiflora (1.20%), Emmotum floribundum (1.06%), Ravenia biramosa (1.04%) among others. Most species of white sand forests can be distinguished using characteristics of stems, branches and leaves. This key is very useful for the development of floristic inventories and related projects on white sand forests from Allpahuayo Mishana National Reserve.
Assuntos
Flora , Magnoliopsida/classificação , Peru , Árvores/classificaçãoResumo
Los bosques sobre arena blanca, aunque bajo en nutrientes, se caracterizan por presentar no solo varias especies endémicas sino también varias especies monodominantes. En general, las plantas en este tipo de bosque presentan fustes notoriamente delgados. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue elaborar una clave dicotómica paralela para la identificación de las especies de Angiospermas arbóreas de los bosques sobre arena blanca de la Reserva Nacional Allpahuayo Mishana, Loreto, Perú. Para la elaboración de la lista de especies que ocurren en los bosques sobre arena blanca se hizo una revisión bibliográfica. Se encontraron 219 especies de Angiospermas, las especies con mayor porcentaje de individuos fueron: Pachira brevipes (26.27%), Caraipa utilis (17.90%), Dicymbe uaiparuensis (13.27%), Dendropanax umbellatus (3.28%), Sloanea spathulata (2.52%), Ternstroemia klugiana (2.30%), Haploclathra cordata (2.28%), Parkia igneiflora (1.20%), Emmotum floribundum (1.06%), Ravenia biramosa (1.04%) entre otras. La mayoría de las especies de los bosques sobre arena blanca pueden ser diferenciadas utilizando características de los tallos, ramas y hojas. Esta clave es de mucha utilidad para el desarrollo de inventarios florísticos y otros proyectos afines en los bosques sobre arena blanca de la Reserva Nacional Allpahuayo Mishana.(AU)
White sand forests, although low in nutrients, are characterized not only by several endemic species of plants but also by several monodominant species. In general, plants in this forest have noticeably thin stems. The aim of this work was to elaborate a parallel dichotomous key for the identification of Angiosperm tree species occurring on white sand forests at the Allpahuayo Mishana National Reserve, Loreto, Peru. We compiled a list of species from several publications in order to have the most comprehensive list of species that occur on white sand forest. We found 219 species of Angiosperm, the more abundant species were Pachira brevipes (26.27%), Caraipa utilis (17.90%), Dicymbe uaiparuensis (13.27%), Dendropanax umbellatus (3.28%), Sloanea spathulata (2.52%), Ternstroemia klugiana (2.30%), Haploclathra cordata (2.28%), Parkia igneiflora (1.20%), Emmotum floribundum (1.06%), Ravenia biramosa (1.04%) among others. Most species of white sand forests can be distinguished using characteristics of stems, branches and leaves. This key is very useful for the development of floristic inventories and related projects on white sand forests from Allpahuayo Mishana National Reserve.(AU)
Assuntos
Magnoliopsida/classificação , Árvores/classificação , Flora , PeruResumo
Four new species, Daedaloscarta erwini sp. nov. (Peru: Loreto), D. maculata sp. nov. (Brazil: Amazonas), D. mene sp. nov. (Ecuador: Orellana), and D. redacta sp. nov. (Brazil: Amazonas) are described and placed in the new genus Daedaloscarta gen. nov. Species of the new genus can be readily distinguished from other Cicadellini genera by their: (1) dark brown to black dorsal coloration with contrasting large ivory spots; (2) crown produced and round anteriorly (Figs 1-8); (3) pronotum narrower than transocular width of head, with lateral margins parallel; (4) male pygofer with pair of acute finger-like processes arising at dorsal margin directed inwardly and ventrally; (5) subgenital plates with apical two-thirds very slender; (6) aedeagus very large with shaft elongate, with an unpaired basidorsal, elongate bifurcate basiventral, and paired retrorse lateral processes at midlength of shaft; and (7) paraphyses bifurcate and slender. All known specimens are associated with terra firme or flooded Amazonian forests and were collected by light trapping or insecticidal fogging.
Resumo
Four new species, Daedaloscarta erwini sp. nov. (Peru: Loreto), D. maculata sp. nov. (Brazil: Amazonas), D. mene sp. nov. (Ecuador: Orellana), and D. redacta sp. nov. (Brazil: Amazonas) are described and placed in the new genus Daedaloscarta gen. nov. Species of the new genus can be readily distinguished from other Cicadellini genera by their: (1) dark brown to black dorsal coloration with contrasting large ivory spots; (2) crown produced and round anteriorly (Figs 1-8); (3) pronotum narrower than transocular width of head, with lateral margins parallel; (4) male pygofer with pair of acute finger-like processes arising at dorsal margin directed inwardly and ventrally; (5) subgenital plates with apical two-thirds very slender; (6) aedeagus very large with shaft elongate, with an unpaired basidorsal, elongate bifurcate basiventral, and paired retrorse lateral processes at midlength of shaft; and (7) paraphyses bifurcate and slender. All known specimens are associated with terra firme or flooded Amazonian forests and were collected by light trapping or insecticidal fogging.
Resumo
Four new species, Daedaloscarta erwini sp. nov. (Peru: Loreto), D. maculata sp. nov. (Brazil: Amazonas), D. mene sp. nov. (Ecuador: Orellana), and D. redacta sp. nov. (Brazil: Amazonas) are described and placed in the new genus Daedaloscarta gen. nov. Species of the new genus can be readily distinguished from other Cicadellini genera by their: (1) dark brown to black dorsal coloration with contrasting large ivory spots; (2) crown produced and round anteriorly (Figs 1-8); (3) pronotum narrower than transocular width of head, with lateral margins parallel; (4) male pygofer with pair of acute finger-like processes arising at dorsal margin directed inwardly and ventrally; (5) subgenital plates with apical two-thirds very slender; (6) aedeagus very large with shaft elongate, with an unpaired basidorsal, elongate bifurcate basiventral, and paired retrorse lateral processes at midlength of shaft; and (7) paraphyses bifurcate and slender. All known specimens are associated with terra firme or flooded Amazonian forests and were collected by light trapping or insecticidal fogging.
Resumo
Herein we document the first case of albinism in Black Mastiff bat Molossus rufus É. Geoffroy St.-Hilaire, 1805. The specimen was collected in Iquitos City (Northwestern Peru); it was an adult male with ventral and dorsal white pelage, red eyes, and depigmented wing membranes, nose leafs and ears.
Assuntos
Animais , Albinismo/genética , Anormalidades da Pele/genética , Quirópteros , Melaninas/deficiência , Melaninas/genéticaResumo
Herein we document the first case of albinism in Black Mastiff bat Molossus rufus É. Geoffroy St.-Hilaire, 1805. The specimen was collected in Iquitos City (Northwestern Peru); it was an adult male with ventral and dorsal white pelage, red eyes, and depigmented wing membranes, nose leafs and ears.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Quirópteros , Albinismo/genética , Anormalidades da Pele/genética , Melaninas/deficiência , Melaninas/genéticaResumo
The genus Xeropigo O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882 is revised, with the proposition of seven neotropical new species: X. candango, based in males and females from Brasília, Distrito Federal and Goiás, Brazil; X. rheimsae, males from Goiás, Brazil; X. camilae, males and females from north and middle west Brazil; X. cotijuba, males and females from Guiana and north and middle west Brazil; X. pachitea, males and females from Huánuco and Cajamarca, Peru; X. perene, females from Junin and Loreto, Peru; X. brescoviti, males from Beni, Bolivia. The previously known species, X. tridentiger (Pickard-Cambridge, 1869), the type-species, described from Santa Helena Island, Atlantic Ocean, but also known from South and Central Americas, and X. smedigari (Caporiacco, 1955) from north Venezuela and Trinidad, are rediagnosed. New records and illustrations of X. tridentiger and a key for all known species are given.
O gênero Xeropigo O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882 é revisado, com a proposição de sete novas espécies neotropicais: X. candango, sobre machos e fêmeas de Brasília, Distrito Federal e Goiás, Brasil; X. rheimsae, machos de Goiás, Brasil; X. camilae, sobre machos e fêmeas do norte e centro-oeste do Brasil; X. cotijuba, machos e fêmeas da Guiana e do norte e centro-oeste do Brasil; X. pachitea, machos e fêmeas de Huánuco e Cajamarca, Peru; X. perene, fêmeas de Junin e Loreto, Peru; X. brescoviti, machos de Beni, Bolívia. As espécies previamente conhecidas, X. tridentiger (Pickard-Cambridge, 1869), a espécie-tipo, descrita da Ilha de Santa Helena, Oceano Atlântico, mas também conhecida das Américas do Sul e Central, e X. smedigari (Caporiacco, 1955) do norte da Venezuela e Trinidad, são re-diagnosticadas. Novos registros, ilustrações de X. tridentiger e chave para todas as espécies conhecidas são fornecidos.
Resumo
The genus Xeropigo O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882 is revised, with the proposition of seven neotropical new species: X. candango, based in males and females from Brasília, Distrito Federal and Goiás, Brazil; X. rheimsae, males from Goiás, Brazil; X. camilae, males and females from north and middle west Brazil; X. cotijuba, males and females from Guiana and north and middle west Brazil; X. pachitea, males and females from Huánuco and Cajamarca, Peru; X. perene, females from Junin and Loreto, Peru; X. brescoviti, males from Beni, Bolivia. The previously known species, X. tridentiger (Pickard-Cambridge, 1869), the type-species, described from Santa Helena Island, Atlantic Ocean, but also known from South and Central Americas, and X. smedigari (Caporiacco, 1955) from north Venezuela and Trinidad, are rediagnosed. New records and illustrations of X. tridentiger and a key for all known species are given.
O gênero Xeropigo O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882 é revisado, com a proposição de sete novas espécies neotropicais: X. candango, sobre machos e fêmeas de Brasília, Distrito Federal e Goiás, Brasil; X. rheimsae, machos de Goiás, Brasil; X. camilae, sobre machos e fêmeas do norte e centro-oeste do Brasil; X. cotijuba, machos e fêmeas da Guiana e do norte e centro-oeste do Brasil; X. pachitea, machos e fêmeas de Huánuco e Cajamarca, Peru; X. perene, fêmeas de Junin e Loreto, Peru; X. brescoviti, machos de Beni, Bolívia. As espécies previamente conhecidas, X. tridentiger (Pickard-Cambridge, 1869), a espécie-tipo, descrita da Ilha de Santa Helena, Oceano Atlântico, mas também conhecida das Américas do Sul e Central, e X. smedigari (Caporiacco, 1955) do norte da Venezuela e Trinidad, são re-diagnosticadas. Novos registros, ilustrações de X. tridentiger e chave para todas as espécies conhecidas são fornecidos.
Resumo
A new characid species, Hemibrycon divisorensis, is described from the río Ucayali drainage, Loreto, Peru. The new species is distinguished from all Hemibrycon species by the presence of a wide black asymmetrical spot covering base of caudal-fin rays and extending along entire length of caudal-fin rays 9 to 12-13 (except from H. surinamensis), and a black band in the lower half of the caudal peduncle extending from the region above the last anal-fin rays to the caudal-fin base. Furthermore, it is distinguished from most species of the genus by the number of scale rows below the lateral line (4-5 vs 5-9), except H. jabonero, H. microformaa, H. orcesi, and H. surinamensis. It differs from these species by scale and fin ray counts and color pattern. The lack of a supraorbital in Hemibrycon species is discussed and confirmed(AU)
Uma nova espécie de caracídeo, Hemibrycon divisorensis, é descrita para a bacia do río Ucayali, Loreto, Peru. A nova espécie distingue-se das demais espécies de Hemibrycon pela presença de uma ampla mancha preta assimétrica na base dos raios da nadadeira caudal estendida até a extremidade dos raios 9 a 12 ou 13 (exceto de H. surinamensis), e de uma faixa preta na metade inferior do pedúnculo caudal desde a região acima dos últimos raios da nadadeira anal até a base da nadadeira caudal. Ela distingue-se da maioria das espécies do gênero pelo número de escamas abaixo da linha lateral (4-5 vs 5-9), exceto de H. jabonero, H. microformaa, H. orcesi e H. surinamensis. Ela difere destas espécies pela contagem de escamas, raios das nadadeiras e colorido padrão. Discute-se e confirma-se a ausência do osso supraorbital em Hemibrycon(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Peixes , Peixes , Biodiversidade , Fauna AquáticaResumo
Six new species of Chinavia Orian, 1965 are described: Chinavia vanduzeei sp. nov., from Peru (Madre Dios) and Brazil (Pará); Chinavia schuhi sp. nov., from Peru (Loreto), Colombia (Bolívar) and Brazil (Amazonas); Chinavia sebastiaoi sp. nov., from Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul), Bolivia (La Paz and Santa Cruz) and Paraguai (Carumbé); Chinavia cearensis sp. nov., Chinavia tuiucauna sp. nov., and Chinavia rufitibia sp. nov., from Brazil (Ceará, Bahia and Paraná, respectively). Diagnoses to each species are given.
Seis novas espécies de Chinavia Orian, 1965 são descritas: Chinavia vanduzeei sp. nov., do Peru (Madre Dios) e Brasil (Pará); Chinavia schuhi sp. nov., do Peru (Loreto), Colombia (Bolívar) e Brazil (Amazonas); Chinavia sebastiaoi sp. nov., do Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul), Bolivia (La Paz e Santa Cruz) e Paraguai (Carumbé); Chinavia cearensis sp. nov., Chinavia tuiucauna e Chinavia rufitibia sp. nov., do Brasil (Ceará, Bahia e Paraná, respectivamente). São fornecidas características diagnósticas de cada espécie.
Resumo
Six new species of Chinavia Orian, 1965 are described: Chinavia vanduzeei sp. nov., from Peru (Madre Dios) and Brazil (Pará); Chinavia schuhi sp. nov., from Peru (Loreto), Colombia (Bolívar) and Brazil (Amazonas); Chinavia sebastiaoi sp. nov., from Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul), Bolivia (La Paz and Santa Cruz) and Paraguai (Carumbé); Chinavia cearensis sp. nov., Chinavia tuiucauna sp. nov., and Chinavia rufitibia sp. nov., from Brazil (Ceará, Bahia and Paraná, respectively). Diagnoses to each species are given.
Seis novas espécies de Chinavia Orian, 1965 são descritas: Chinavia vanduzeei sp. nov., do Peru (Madre Dios) e Brasil (Pará); Chinavia schuhi sp. nov., do Peru (Loreto), Colombia (Bolívar) e Brazil (Amazonas); Chinavia sebastiaoi sp. nov., do Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul), Bolivia (La Paz e Santa Cruz) e Paraguai (Carumbé); Chinavia cearensis sp. nov., Chinavia tuiucauna e Chinavia rufitibia sp. nov., do Brasil (Ceará, Bahia e Paraná, respectivamente). São fornecidas características diagnósticas de cada espécie.
Resumo
The reproductive biology of Macrobrachium brasiliense (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) was studied based on 2,604 specimens collected from October 1994 to August 1995, in two forest streams along the Iquitos-Nauta, highway in Loreto (Peruvian Amazon).The female: male sex ratio was 1.7:1. M. brasiliense showed sexual dimorphism in the cephalotorax length, females being slighthly smaller than males. Reproduction was contínuos with a reproductive peak between April and June. Fecundity ranged from 15 to 168 eggs per female. A significant relationship was observed between fecundity and cephalotoraxic length and the weight. Egg volume presented no significant relationship with cephalotoraxic length or fecundity.
Foi estudada a biologia reprodutiva de Macrobrachium brasiliense (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) com base em 2604 indivíduos coletados entre outubro de 1994 e agosto de 1995, em dois igarapés de terra firme da estrada Iquitos-Nauta, Loreto (Amazônia peruana). A proporção sexual fêmea: macho foi de 1,7:1 sendo que as fêmeas foram um pouco mais abundantes que os machos durante todo o período de coleta. M. brasiliense apresentou dimorfismo sexual no comprimento cefalotorácico, sendo as fêmeas ligeiramente menores que os machos. A reprodução foi contínua, com o pico reprodutivo entre abril e julho. A fecundidade variou de 15 a 168 ovos por fêmea, observando-se uma relação significativa entre a fecundidade e o comprimento cefalotorácico e o peso. O volume do ovo não apresentou relação significativa com o comprimento cefalotorácico e a fecundidade.