A rare retrobulbar and chiasmal meningioma in a dog / Meningioma raro retrobulbar e de quiasma óptico em cão

A 14-year-old female Dachshund was referred to a veterinary hospital with a history and signalment of head pressing, compulsive walking, and right circling. At ophthalmologic examination, a mature cataract and absence of photomotor reflex in the right eye were observed. The neurological exam revealed multifocal encephalic signs. At necropsy, a conical solid tan mass was observed involving the right optic nerve throughout its extension to the optic chiasm. Histopathological findings confirmed a retrobulbar papillary meningioma, considered rare and seldom included as differential diagnosis in patients with neurological signs.(AU)

Uma fêmea Dachshund de 14 anos de idade foi encaminhada para um hospital veterinário universitário com histórico e manifestação de head pressing, andar compulsivo e em círculos para o lado direito. No exame oftalmológico foi diagnosticado catarata matura bilateral e ausência de reflexo fotomotor pupilar no olho direito. O exame neurológico revelou sinais encefálicos multifocais. Na necropsia, uma massa sólida cônica, branco-amarelada, foi observada envolvendo o nervo óptico em toda a sua extensão até o quiasma óptico. O exame histopatológico confirmou diagnóstico de meningioma papilar retrobulbar, considerado raro e pouco incluído no diagnóstico diferencial de pacientes com sinais neurológicos.(AU)

Spinal neoplasm in dogs

Background: Various diseases can cause spinal cord disorders in dogs including neoplasia of the nervous system, which are more common in mature and older animals. Some breeds, as brachycephalics, are more predisposed for certain types of tumors. Spinal neoplasia can be categorized as primary or secondary tumors, and still can be grouped in extradural, intradural/extramedullary or intramedullary. The aim of this study was to investigate the signalment, neurological syndrome, type and source of the mass, presence of metastases, and clinical outcomes in 28 dogs diagnosed with spinal tumors. Materials, Methods & Results: This study included 28 dogs, and in 20 cases, spinal neoplasia was confirmed by necropsy, biopsy, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. In the other eight animals, the presumptive diagnosis was based on clinical and neurological signs and by observing changes in plain radiographs of the spine, chest radiographs, and myelography. The location of the lesion was established as cervical, cervicothoracic, thoracolumbar, or lumbosacral, and the lesion was determined to be multifocal when clinical signs appeared in more than one location. Spinal cord injury was additionally classified as unilateral, bilateral, symmetrical, or asymmetrical. The following complementary examinations were performed based on the clinical suspicion, indications, and availability of the [...](AU)

Spinal neoplasm in dogs

Background: Various diseases can cause spinal cord disorders in dogs including neoplasia of the nervous system, which are more common in mature and older animals. Some breeds, as brachycephalics, are more predisposed for certain types of tumors. Spinal neoplasia can be categorized as primary or secondary tumors, and still can be grouped in extradural, intradural/extramedullary or intramedullary. The aim of this study was to investigate the signalment, neurological syndrome, type and source of the mass, presence of metastases, and clinical outcomes in 28 dogs diagnosed with spinal tumors. Materials, Methods & Results: This study included 28 dogs, and in 20 cases, spinal neoplasia was confirmed by necropsy, biopsy, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. In the other eight animals, the presumptive diagnosis was based on clinical and neurological signs and by observing changes in plain radiographs of the spine, chest radiographs, and myelography. The location of the lesion was established as cervical, cervicothoracic, thoracolumbar, or lumbosacral, and the lesion was determined to be multifocal when clinical signs appeared in more than one location. Spinal cord injury was additionally classified as unilateral, bilateral, symmetrical, or asymmetrical. The following complementary examinations were performed based on the clinical suspicion, indications, and availability of the [...]

Syndrome tremor responsive to corticosteroids in dogs / Síndrome do tremor responsivo ao corticosteroide em cães

Background: Syndrome responsive to corticosteroid tremor (SRCT) is an immune-mediated cerebellitis commonly observed among young adults small dogs. The main clinical sign of this disorder is a tremor of high frequency and low intensity of head, trunk and limbs. The diagnosis is based on the signalment, the historical, and examinations, physical, neurological and laboratory. The aim of this study was to report four cases of SRCT in dog, stressing the importance of the neurological examination and anamnesis data for location of the lesion in the central nervous system, to establish a list of differential diagnoses and treatment to be instituted. Cases: Two mixed breed dogs, one Shih tzu and one Poodle, being three females and one male, aged between four and six years, with a history of generalized tremors between one and seven days, which ceased when they slept, were presented to a veterinary neurologist at the Veterinary Medical teaching Hospital of the UFSM. The onset of clinical signs was acute, with no progressive evolution. The dogs had no history of intoxication, trauma, or use of medications. Clinical and neurological examination was performed complete, the latter consisting of: observation of mental status (level of consciousness and behavior), evaluation of gait and posture, postural reactions, spinal segmental reflexes, cranial nerves and nociception (pain deep)...(AU)

Tremores musculares constituem um distúrbio de movimento comum e importante em cães e pode indicar enfermidades neurológicas de diversas etiologias. A principal causa de tremores em cães está relacionada a doenças que afetam o cerebelo, o qual é responsável pela frequência e amplitude dos movimentos [7]. Desta forma, os sinais clínicos mais característicos de doença cerebelar são ataxia, tremor intencional e dismetria [1,3,5,6,8,9].A síndrome do tremor responsivo ao corticosteroide (STRC) foi observada inicialmente em cães de raças pequenas de pelagem branca, como Maltês, Poodle e West highland white terrier, e por isso, foi denominada de síndrome do tremor do cão branco. Como pode afetar cães de todas as colorações, passou a ser chamada também de síndrome do cão tremedor ou síndrome do tremor responsivo ao corticosteroide [1,3,5,6,8,9]. O principal sinal clínico desse distúrbio é um tremor de alta frequência e baixa intensidade de cabeça, tronco e membros. O diagnóstico baseia-se na resenha, no histórico, e nos exames, físico, neuroló- gico e laboratorial (análise de líquido cerebroespinhal [LCE]) e o prognóstico é favorável para cães tratados com corticosteroides em doses imunossupressoras [1,3,5,8,9].Os dados sobre a STRC são encontrados basicamente na literatura internacional [8,9]. Na literatura nacional, no entanto, poucos são os relatos sobre o assunto [5]. Diante disso...(AU)

Syndrome tremor responsive to corticosteroids in dogs / Síndrome do tremor responsivo ao corticosteroide em cães

Background: Syndrome responsive to corticosteroid tremor (SRCT) is an immune-mediated cerebellitis commonly observed among young adults small dogs. The main clinical sign of this disorder is a tremor of high frequency and low intensity of head, trunk and limbs. The diagnosis is based on the signalment, the historical, and examinations, physical, neurological and laboratory. The aim of this study was to report four cases of SRCT in dog, stressing the importance of the neurological examination and anamnesis data for location of the lesion in the central nervous system, to establish a list of differential diagnoses and treatment to be instituted. Cases: Two mixed breed dogs, one Shih tzu and one Poodle, being three females and one male, aged between four and six years, with a history of generalized tremors between one and seven days, which ceased when they slept, were presented to a veterinary neurologist at the Veterinary Medical teaching Hospital of the UFSM. The onset of clinical signs was acute, with no progressive evolution. The dogs had no history of intoxication, trauma, or use of medications. Clinical and neurological examination was performed complete, the latter consisting of: observation of mental status (level of consciousness and behavior), evaluation of gait and posture, postural reactions, spinal segmental reflexes, cranial nerves and nociception (pain deep)...

Tremores musculares constituem um distúrbio de movimento comum e importante em cães e pode indicar enfermidades neurológicas de diversas etiologias. A principal causa de tremores em cães está relacionada a doenças que afetam o cerebelo, o qual é responsável pela frequência e amplitude dos movimentos [7]. Desta forma, os sinais clínicos mais característicos de doença cerebelar são ataxia, tremor intencional e dismetria [1,3,5,6,8,9].A síndrome do tremor responsivo ao corticosteroide (STRC) foi observada inicialmente em cães de raças pequenas de pelagem branca, como Maltês, Poodle e West highland white terrier, e por isso, foi denominada de síndrome do tremor do cão branco. Como pode afetar cães de todas as colorações, passou a ser chamada também de síndrome do cão tremedor ou síndrome do tremor responsivo ao corticosteroide [1,3,5,6,8,9]. O principal sinal clínico desse distúrbio é um tremor de alta frequência e baixa intensidade de cabeça, tronco e membros. O diagnóstico baseia-se na resenha, no histórico, e nos exames, físico, neuroló- gico e laboratorial (análise de líquido cerebroespinhal [LCE]) e o prognóstico é favorável para cães tratados com corticosteroides em doses imunossupressoras [1,3,5,8,9].Os dados sobre a STRC são encontrados basicamente na literatura internacional [8,9]. Na literatura nacional, no entanto, poucos são os relatos sobre o assunto [5]. Diante disso...

Toxoplasmosis in distemper virus infected dogs / Toxoplasmose em cães co-infectados com o vírus da cinomose

This report shows four cases of dog´s toxoplasmosis, pointing that the neurologic signalment of toxoplasmosis and distemper is quite indistinguishable. The anmnestic data of flesh-eating and cat contact is linked with easier suspect of toxoplasmosis, reinforced by the presence of linfadenopathy, pneumonia and neurologic signs. A treatment proposal is offered, being a preventive measure to toxoplasmosis in distemper dogs, according to the clinician diagnostic conditions.

Relatam-se quatro casos de toxoplasmose em cães, evidenciando-se a sintomatologia nervosa indistinguível daquela causada pela cinomose de forma isolada e mostrando a ocorrência concomitante das duas enfermidades. Sugere-se que os dados de anamnese, como hábitos de carnivorismo e contato com gatos, aliados a sinais clínicos como linfadenopatia, pneumonia, secreção ocular purulenta e distúrbios neurológicos, favoreçam a suspeita clínica de toxoplasmose. Propõe-se um tratamento, preventivo para a toxoplasmose, nos cães com cinomose, baseado nas condições de diagnóstico disponíveis pelo clínico.

Toxoplasmosis in distemper virus infected dogs / Toxoplasmose em cães co-infectados com o vírus da cinomose

This report shows four cases of dog´s toxoplasmosis, pointing that the neurologic signalment of toxoplasmosis and distemper is quite indistinguishable. The anmnestic data of flesh-eating and cat contact is linked with easier suspect of toxoplasmosis, reinforced by the presence of linfadenopathy, pneumonia and neurologic signs. A treatment proposal is offered, being a preventive measure to toxoplasmosis in distemper dogs, according to the clinician diagnostic conditions.

Relatam-se quatro casos de toxoplasmose em cães, evidenciando-se a sintomatologia nervosa indistinguível daquela causada pela cinomose de forma isolada e mostrando a ocorrência concomitante das duas enfermidades. Sugere-se que os dados de anamnese, como hábitos de carnivorismo e contato com gatos, aliados a sinais clínicos como linfadenopatia, pneumonia, secreção ocular purulenta e distúrbios neurológicos, favoreçam a suspeita clínica de toxoplasmose. Propõe-se um tratamento, preventivo para a toxoplasmose, nos cães com cinomose, baseado nas condições de diagnóstico disponíveis pelo clínico.

Toxoplasmosis in distemper virus infected dogs / Toxoplasmose em cães co-infectados com o vírus da cinomose

This report shows four cases of dog´s toxoplasmosis, pointing that the neurologic signalment of toxoplasmosis and distemper is quite indistinguishable. The anmnestic data of flesh-eating and cat contact is linked with easier suspect of toxoplasmosis, reinforced by the presence of linfadenopathy, pneumonia and neurologic signs. A treatment proposal is offered, being a preventive measure to toxoplasmosis in distemper dogs, according to the clinician diagnostic conditions.

Relatam-se quatro casos de toxoplasmose em cães, evidenciando-se a sintomatologia nervosa indistinguível daquela causada pela cinomose de forma isolada e mostrando a ocorrência concomitante das duas enfermidades. Sugere-se que os dados de anamnese, como hábitos de carnivorismo e contato com gatos, aliados a sinais clínicos como linfadenopatia, pneumonia, secreção ocular purulenta e distúrbios neurológicos, favoreçam a suspeita clínica de toxoplasmose. Propõe-se um tratamento, preventivo para a toxoplasmose, nos cães com cinomose, baseado nas condições de diagnóstico disponíveis pelo clínico.