Prolapso uretral em um cão da raça American Bully / Urethral prolapse in a dog of the American Bully breed

O prolapso uretral, o qual é incomum em cães, se caracteriza pela protusão da mucosa uretral além da extremidade do pênis e do orifício externo da uretra. Pode ocorrer por causas congênitas ou adquiridas, tendo maior incidência em animais jovens não castrados. O objetivo do presente trabalho é relatar um caso de prolapso uretral em um cão não castrado da raça American Bully Terrier, de dois anos, o qual foi atendido na Universidade Estácio de Sá localizada no Rio de Janeiro com histórico de lambedura excessiva do pênis, disúria, sangramento prepucial e protrusão da mucosa uretral após tentativa de cópula. Durante a avaliação física o animal apresentou todos os parâmetros clínicos dentro da normalidade, entretanto demonstrava agitação excessiva e dor na região afetada. Então, o diagnóstico foi definido por meio da inspeção direta da visualização da mucosa uretral protusa. Frente ao quadro clínico e físico do animal, foi adotado o procedimento cirúrgico de ressecção e anastomose da porção uretral prolapsada. Desta forma, conclui-se que esta técnica cirúrgica se mostrou eficaz, visto que o referido paciente apresentou ótima recuperação e cicatrização uretral, sem quaisquer sinais de complicações pós-cirúrgicas.

Urethral prolapse, which is uncommon in dogs, is characterized by protrusion of the urethral mucosa beyond the tip of the penis and the external orifice of the urethra. It can occur due to congenital or acquired causes, with a higher incidence in young animals not castrated. The present study aims to report a case of urethral prolapse in a non-castrated dog of 2 years old (American Bully Terrier), which was treated at the Estácio de Sá University located in Rio de Janeiro city, with a history of excessive penis licking, dysuria, prepucial bleeding, and protrusion of the urethral mucosa after an attempt of copulation. During the physical evaluation, the animal presented all clinical parameters within the normal range; however, it showed excessive agitation and pain in the affected region. Then, the diagnosis was defined through direct inspection of the visualization of the protruding urethral mucosa. Given the animal's clinical and physical condition, the surgical procedure of resection and anastomosis of the prolapsed urethral portion was adopted. Therefore, it is concluded that this surgical technique proved to be effective since the patient presented excellent recovery and urethral healing, without any signs of post-surgical complications.

Performance and carcass characteristics of lambs fed diets containing different types of carbohydrates associated with polyunsaturated fatty acids

This study aimed to evaluate the productive performance and carcass characteristics of lambs fed diets with different types of carbohydrates associated with polyunsaturated fatty acids. Thirty castrated male lambs (20.5 ± 7.6 kg) were used, distributed in a randomized block design under three experimental diets: High proportion of non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) diet; High NFC diet + spineless cactus (high proportion of NFC and spineless cactus) and Low NFC diet (low proportion of NFC), in a 60 day experimental period. The variables of nutrient intake, performance, and carcass characteristics were evaluated. The animals fed the High NFC + spineless cactus diet presented a higher dry matter intake, organic matter, mineral matter, crude protein, and total carbohydrates intake (p <0.05). Carcass characteristics and weight of commercial cuts were improved in High NFC and High NFC + spineless cactus diets (p <0.05), on the other hand we observed a total fat weight reduction in animals fed with High NFC + spineless cactus. The results indicate that high levels of NFC positively influence animal performance, where the type of carbohydrate influences nutrient intake, also affecting carcass characteristics.(AU)

Immunocastration on performance and meat quality of Bos indicus (Nellore) cattle under different nutritional systems

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of immunocastration on the animal growth, carcass traits, and meat quality of Nellore cattle receiving or not Ionophore supplementation at pasture or pasture with concentrate (semi-feedlot). The first experiment (Pasture) was carried out during the rainy season, while the second (supplemented = Semi-feedlot) was conducted during the dry season. In each assessment, 60 males were allocated into three treatments, in a completely randomized design: non-castrated, immunocastrated (anti-gonadotropin-releasing hormone vaccine), and immunocastrated animals receiving ionophore. The highly energetic supplemented diet was prepared using 85 % corn and 10 % soybean meal at 1 % body weight, while the ionophore was provided with salt containing 1,650 mg kg−1 of lasalocid. After slaughter, the carcasses were graded, and Longissimus thoracis et lumborum samples were collected for meat quality analysis. The non-castrated animals exhibited a more significant final body weight and hot carcass weight than those immunocastrated regardless of ionophore supplementation (p < 0.05). The carcasses of non-castrated animals had less fat cover and marbling than castrated animals. A high incidence of dark cutting beef was verified in non-castrated animals. The immunocastrated cattle produced tenderer beef, mainly at pasture rearing. In conclusion, regardless of production system or ionophore supplementation, immunocastration was an adequate choice to generate high-quality meat, since it increased marbling and improved beef tenderness. However, limitations regarding animal growth should be estimated.

Immunocastration on performance and meat quality of Bos indicus (Nellore) cattle under different nutritional systems

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of immunocastration on the animal growth, carcass traits, and meat quality of Nellore cattle receiving or not Ionophore supplementation at pasture or pasture with concentrate (semi-feedlot). The first experiment (Pasture) was carried out during the rainy season, while the second (supplemented = Semi-feedlot) was conducted during the dry season. In each assessment, 60 males were allocated into three treatments, in a completely randomized design: non-castrated, immunocastrated (anti-gonadotropin-releasing hormone vaccine), and immunocastrated animals receiving ionophore. The highly energetic supplemented diet was prepared using 85 % corn and 10 % soybean meal at 1 % body weight, while the ionophore was provided with salt containing 1,650 mg kg−1 of lasalocid. After slaughter, the carcasses were graded, and Longissimus thoracis et lumborum samples were collected for meat quality analysis. The non-castrated animals exhibited a more significant final body weight and hot carcass weight than those immunocastrated regardless of ionophore supplementation (p < 0.05). The carcasses of non-castrated animals had less fat cover and marbling than castrated animals. A high incidence of dark cutting beef was verified in non-castrated animals. The immunocastrated cattle produced tenderer beef, mainly at pasture rearing. In conclusion, regardless of production system or ionophore supplementation, immunocastration was an adequate choice to generate high-quality meat, since it increased marbling and improved beef tenderness. However, limitations regarding animal growth should be estimated.(AU)

Characteristics of carcass and non-carcass components of lambs fed wet brewery waste as a roughage feed / Características da carcaça e dos componentes não-carcaça de cordeiros alimentados com resíduo úmido de cervejaria como alimento volumoso

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of including wet brewery waste (WBW) as the exclusive dietary roughage source on the characteristics of carcass and non-carcass components of feedlot-finished lambs. Thirty-two non-castrated male lambs weaned at 50 days of age, resulting from the cross between the Texel and Ile de France breeds, were used. The diet was constituted by roughage (WBW) and a concentrate composed of crushed maize, soybean meal, limestone and common salt. Treatments consisted of four levels of WBW as the roughage source in the diet (% dry matter), namely, 31, 44, 57 and 70%. Lambs were slaughtered upon reaching 34 kg live weight. The treatments resulted in a linear decrease in hot and cold carcass weights and yields, carcass compactness index, conformation, degree of fatness and rib-eye area. Among the primal cuts, the absolute weights of pallet, ribs and legs decreased as the WBW level was increased. As to the non-carcass components, only the total gastrointestinal content increased linearly with WBW. The increasing levels of WBW led to greater fasting losses and reduced carcass weights and yields. There was also a reduction in the degree of fatness, carcass compactness, carcass conformation index and rib-eye area Wet brewery waste at the concentration of 31% as the roughage source in the diet of finishing lambs in the feedlot provides better carcass traits.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da inclusão de resíduo úmido de cervejaria (RUC) como fonte exclusiva de volumoso sobre as características da carcaça e dos componentes não-carcaça de cordeiros terminados em confinamento. Foram utilizados 32 cordeiros, machos, não castrados, desmamados com 50 dias de idade e provenientes de cruzamento entre as raças Texel e Ile de France. A dieta foi composta por volumoso, sendo este o RUC, e por concentrado composto de milho desintegrado, farelo de soja, calcário calcítico e sal comum. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por quatro teores de RUC como volumoso da dieta (% da MS), sendo: 31, 44, 57 e 70%. Os cordeiros foram abatidos quando atingiram 34 kg de peso vivo. Os tratamentos exerceram influência negativa de maneira linear decrescente sobre os pesos e rendimentos de carcaça quente e fria, índice de compacidade de carcaça, conformação, estado de engorduramento e área de olho de lombo. Entre os cortes comerciais, a medida que aumentou o nível de RUC diminuíram os pesos absolutos de paleta, costilhar e perna. Quando avaliados os componentes não-carcaça, verificou-se que apenas o conteúdo gastrointestinal total aumentou linearmente com a elevação do teor de RUC. O aumento da inclusão de RUC levou a maiores perdas por jejum e reduziu os pesos e rendimentos de carcaça. Também ocorreu redução no estado de engorduramento, no índice de compacidade e conformação da carcaça, bem como da área de olho de lombo. O teor de 31% de RUC como alimento volumoso na terminação de cordeiros em confinamento proporcionou melhores características na carcaça dos animais.

Characteristics of carcass and non-carcass components of lambs fed wet brewery waste as a roughage feed / Características da carcaça e dos componentes não-carcaça de cordeiros alimentados com resíduo úmido de cervejaria como alimento volumoso

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of including wet brewery waste (WBW) as the exclusive dietary roughage source on the characteristics of carcass and non-carcass components of feedlot-finished lambs. Thirty-two non-castrated male lambs weaned at 50 days of age, resulting from the cross between the Texel and Ile de France breeds, were used. The diet was constituted by roughage (WBW) and a concentrate composed of crushed maize, soybean meal, limestone and common salt. Treatments consisted of four levels of WBW as the roughage source in the diet (% dry matter), namely, 31, 44, 57 and 70%. Lambs were slaughtered upon reaching 34 kg live weight. The treatments resulted in a linear decrease in hot and cold carcass weights and yields, carcass compactness index, conformation, degree of fatness and rib-eye area. Among the primal cuts, the absolute weights of pallet, ribs and legs decreased as the WBW level was increased. As to the non-carcass components, only the total gastrointestinal content increased linearly with WBW. The increasing levels of WBW led to greater fasting losses and reduced carcass weights and yields. There was also a reduction in the degree of fatness, carcass compactness, carcass conformation index and rib-eye area Wet brewery waste at the concentration of 31% as the roughage source in the diet of finishing lambs in the feedlot provides better carcass traits.(AU)

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da inclusão de resíduo úmido de cervejaria (RUC) como fonte exclusiva de volumoso sobre as características da carcaça e dos componentes não-carcaça de cordeiros terminados em confinamento. Foram utilizados 32 cordeiros, machos, não castrados, desmamados com 50 dias de idade e provenientes de cruzamento entre as raças Texel e Ile de France. A dieta foi composta por volumoso, sendo este o RUC, e por concentrado composto de milho desintegrado, farelo de soja, calcário calcítico e sal comum. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por quatro teores de RUC como volumoso da dieta (% da MS), sendo: 31, 44, 57 e 70%. Os cordeiros foram abatidos quando atingiram 34 kg de peso vivo. Os tratamentos exerceram influência negativa de maneira linear decrescente sobre os pesos e rendimentos de carcaça quente e fria, índice de compacidade de carcaça, conformação, estado de engorduramento e área de olho de lombo. Entre os cortes comerciais, a medida que aumentou o nível de RUC diminuíram os pesos absolutos de paleta, costilhar e perna. Quando avaliados os componentes não-carcaça, verificou-se que apenas o conteúdo gastrointestinal total aumentou linearmente com a elevação do teor de RUC. O aumento da inclusão de RUC levou a maiores perdas por jejum e reduziu os pesos e rendimentos de carcaça. Também ocorreu redução no estado de engorduramento, no índice de compacidade e conformação da carcaça, bem como da área de olho de lombo. O teor de 31% de RUC como alimento volumoso na terminação de cordeiros em confinamento proporcionou melhores características na carcaça dos animais.(AU)

Carcass traits, commercial cuts, tissue composition, intake, digestibility, and performance of Sindhi bulls subjected to feed restriction / Características da carcaça cortes comerciais, composição tecidual, consumo, digestibilidade e desempenho de touros Sindi submetidos à restrição alimentar

This study showed the effect of feed restriction on performance, nitrogen balance (NB), microbial protein synthesis, carcass traits and meat cut of the thirty-two Sindhi non-castrated males (296 ± 21.3 kg initial BW and 21 ± 1.5 months old). All bulls were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments (feed restriction levels) (0, 15, 30, and 45% in total dry matter -DM) and the data were subjected to analysis of variance and regression. Nutrient intake, NB, final BW, total gain, feeding efficiency, carcass gain, hot and cold carcass weight, subcutaneous fat thickness, commercial cuts and fat tissue decreased linearly (P 0.05) by feed restriction level. A linear increased on digestibility of DM, NDFap, total carbohydrates and on the proportion of muscle tissue, as well as quadratic increase on non-fibrous carbohydrates and bone tissue percentage with the restriction level imposed on bulls (P 0.05). The feed restriction did not affect (P>0.05) the digestibility of crude protein, synthesis and microbial efficiency, deposition efficiency, longissimus dorsi area and muscle + fat/bone ratio. The feed restriction reduced intake and consequently performance, carcass traits and meat cuts of Sindhi bulls; however, it promoted a reduction in the N excretion, which can be important if conducted a subsequent compensatory weight gain.(AU)

Este estudo mostrou o efeito da restrição alimentar no desempenho, balanço de nitrogênio, síntese microbiana de proteínas, característica da carcaça e corte de carne de 32 machos Sindi não castrados (296 ± 21,3 kg de peso corporal inicial e 21 ± 1,5 meses de idade). Todos os touros foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos (níveis de restrição alimentar) (0, 15, 30 e 45% no total de matéria seca - MS) e os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e regressão. Consumo de nutrientes, balanço de nitrogênio, peso corporal final, ganho total, eficiência alimentar, ganho de carcaça, peso de carcaça quente e fria, espessura subcutânea de gordura, cortes comerciais e tecido adiposo diminuíram linearmente (P 0,05) com o nível de restrição alimentar. Houve aumento linear na digestibilidade do DM, FDNap, carboidratos totais e quantidade de tecido muscular, além de aumento quadrático de carboidratos não fibrosos e porcentagem de tecido ósseo com o nível de restrição imposto aos touros (P 0,05). A restrição alimentar não afetou (P>0,05) a digestibilidade da proteína bruta, balanço de N, síntese e eficiência microbiana, eficiência de deposição, área do longissimus dorsi e relação músculo + gordura / osso. A restrição alimentar reduziu a ingestão e, consequentemente, o desempenho, as características da carcaça e os cortes de carne de touros Sindi, porém promoveu redução na excreção de N, o que pode ser importante se for realizado um subsequente ganho compensatório.(AU)

Castração de bovinos Nelore na terminação em confinamento / Castration of Nellore cattle in feedlot finishing diets

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o desempenho e características de carcaça de bovinos Nelore castrados e não castrados terminados em confinamento com dieta de alto concentrado. Trinta e seis bovinos machos da raça Nelore com idade de 24 meses, provenientes de recria em sistema de pastejo contínuo, foram divididos em dois grupos de 18 animais (castrados e não castrados) com peso vivo inicial (PVi) médio de 347,5 kg ± 21,61 kg. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, divididos de acordo com o PVi para cada condição sexual avaliada, constituindo desta forma dois tratamentos experimentais: animais castrados e animais não castrados. Cada tratamento foi composto por seis baias (3 animais/baia), sendo estas consideradas as unidades experimentais do estudo. O período de confinamento foi de 112 dias, sendo o abate realizado no 113º dia. Foram avaliados a ingestão de matéria seca (IMS), o ganho de peso diário (GPD), conversão alimentar (CA) e eficiência alimentar (EA). Além disso, foram avaliados a deposição de tecido muscular e adiposo por meio de ultrassonografia. Após o abate dos animais foram determinados o peso de carcaça quente (PCQ), o peso de carcaça fria (PCF) e rendimento de carcaça (RC). Os dados foram analisados utilizando-se o programa PROC MIXED do SAS e teste de Tukey (P ≤ 5%). Não houveram diferenças significativas para as variáveis PVi e IMS em porcentagem de PV. Já as variáveis PVf, GPD, CA e EA apresentaram efeitos significativos, tendo o grupo de animais não castrados melhor desempenho produtivo. Para as avaliações de características de carcaça foram observadas diferenças significativas para PCQ e PCF onde os animais do grupo não castrado também apresentaram melhores pesos de carcaça. Portanto, conclui-se que para sistemas de confinamento com dietas de alto teor de concentrado, a castração de bovinos Nelore não é recomendada, pois interferiu negativamente no desempenho produtivo das carcaças dos animais castrados.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance and carcass characteristics of Nelore bulls and steers, finished in feedlot with high concentrate diet. Thirty-six male Nelore cattle with 24 months old, from rearing in a continuous grazing system were divided into two groups of 18 animals (castrated and non-castrated) with initial mean body weight (iBW) of 347.5 kg ± 21.61 kg. The experimental design was a randomized complete block according to iBW for each sexual condition evaluated, constituting two experimental treatments: castrated animals and non-castrated animals. Each treatment consisted of six pens (3 animals/pen), these being considered the experimental units. The feedlot period was 112-days and the slaughter was carried out on the 113th day. The dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion (F:G) and feed efficiency (G:F) were evaluated. In addition, the deposition of muscular and adipose tissue was evaluated by means of ultrasonography. After slaughtering of the animals the hot carcass weight (HCW), cold carcass weight (CCW) and carcass yield (YG) were determined. The data were analyzed using thePROC MIXED program from SAS and Tukey test (P ≤ 5%). There was no significant difference for the variables iBW and DMI in percentage of BW. The fBW, ADG, F:G and G:F variables had significant effects, and the group of non-castrated animals obtained abetter productive performance. For the carcass traits evaluations, a significant difference was observed for HCW and CCW, where animals from the non-castrated group also had better carcass data. Therefore, it is concluded that for feedlot systems with highconcentrate diets, castration of Nellore cattle is not recommended because it interfered negatively in the productive performance of the castrated animals.

Castração de bovinos Nelore na terminação em confinamento / Castration of Nellore cattle in feedlot finishing diets

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o desempenho e características de carcaça de bovinos Nelore castrados e não castrados terminados em confinamento com dieta de alto concentrado. Trinta e seis bovinos machos da raça Nelore com idade de 24 meses, provenientes de recria em sistema de pastejo contínuo, foram divididos em dois grupos de 18 animais (castrados e não castrados) com peso vivo inicial (PVi) médio de 347,5 kg ± 21,61 kg. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, divididos de acordo com o PVi para cada condição sexual avaliada, constituindo desta forma dois tratamentos experimentais: animais castrados e animais não castrados. Cada tratamento foi composto por seis baias (3 animais/baia), sendo estas consideradas as unidades experimentais do estudo. O período de confinamento foi de 112 dias, sendo o abate realizado no 113º dia. Foram avaliados a ingestão de matéria seca (IMS), o ganho de peso diário (GPD), conversão alimentar (CA) e eficiência alimentar (EA). Além disso, foram avaliados a deposição de tecido muscular e adiposo por meio de ultrassonografia. Após o abate dos animais foram determinados o peso de carcaça quente (PCQ), o peso de carcaça fria (PCF) e rendimento de carcaça (RC). Os dados foram analisados utilizando-se o programa PROC MIXED do SAS e teste de Tukey (P ≤ 5%). Não houveram diferenças significativas para as variáveis PVi e IMS em porcentagem de PV. Já as variáveis PVf, GPD, CA e EA apresentaram efeitos significativos, tendo o grupo de animais não castrados melhor desempenho produtivo. Para as avaliações de características de carcaça foram observadas diferenças significativas para PCQ e PCF onde os animais do grupo não castrado também apresentaram melhores pesos de carcaça. Portanto, conclui-se que para sistemas de confinamento com dietas de alto teor de concentrado, a castração de bovinos Nelore não é recomendada, pois interferiu negativamente no desempenho produtivo das carcaças dos animais castrados.(AU)

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance and carcass characteristics of Nelore bulls and steers, finished in feedlot with high concentrate diet. Thirty-six male Nelore cattle with 24 months old, from rearing in a continuous grazing system were divided into two groups of 18 animals (castrated and non-castrated) with initial mean body weight (iBW) of 347.5 kg ± 21.61 kg. The experimental design was a randomized complete block according to iBW for each sexual condition evaluated, constituting two experimental treatments: castrated animals and non-castrated animals. Each treatment consisted of six pens (3 animals/pen), these being considered the experimental units. The feedlot period was 112-days and the slaughter was carried out on the 113th day. The dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion (F:G) and feed efficiency (G:F) were evaluated. In addition, the deposition of muscular and adipose tissue was evaluated by means of ultrasonography. After slaughtering of the animals the hot carcass weight (HCW), cold carcass weight (CCW) and carcass yield (YG) were determined. The data were analyzed using thePROC MIXED program from SAS and Tukey test (P ≤ 5%). There was no significant difference for the variables iBW and DMI in percentage of BW. The fBW, ADG, F:G and G:F variables had significant effects, and the group of non-castrated animals obtained abetter productive performance. For the carcass traits evaluations, a significant difference was observed for HCW and CCW, where animals from the non-castrated group also had better carcass data. Therefore, it is concluded that for feedlot systems with highconcentrate diets, castration of Nellore cattle is not recommended because it interfered negatively in the productive performance of the castrated animals.(AU)

Effects of combining immunocastration and ß-adrenergic agonists on the blood metabolites and their correlations with performance and carcass traits of finished Nellore cattle

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of combining immunocastration and ß-adrenergic agonists (ß-AA) on blood metabolites and their correlations with performance and carcass traits of Nellore cattle. Ninety-six Nellore males were distributed in a randomized block design with a 2×3 factorial arrangement. The factors were two sexual conditions (immunocastrated and non-castrated), and three diets (control, with no inclusion of ß-AA; RH, with 300 mg of ractopamine hydrochloride/d; and ZH, with 80 mg of zilpaterol hydrochloride/animal/d). The trial was conducted during 100 d, during which animals were fed ZH and RH for the last 30 and 33 d, respectively. Blood metabolites related to lipid and protein metabolism were assessed at the baseline (0 d of ß-AA supplementation) and after 13 and 30 d of ß-AA supplementation. No effect of sexual condition × ß-AA supplementation × time on feed interaction was observed. Combining immunocastration with ß-AA supplementation modified cholesterol and non-esterified fatty acids concentrations without affecting protein metabolism. Immunocastration enhances lipogenesis and reduces skeletal muscle accretion by increasing high-density lipoprotein and triglycerides concentrations and decreasing creatinine and creatine kinase concentrations, respectively. Zilpaterol hydrochloride enhances skeletal muscle accretion by decreasing urea and total protein concentrations and increases creatinine and creatine kinase concentrations without modifying lipid metabolism.(AU)

Não constituintes da carcaça de cordeiros em distintas condições sexuais / Non-constituents of the carcass of lambs on different sexual conditions

O estudo foi realizado com objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da condição sexual nos pesos e rendimentos dos não constituintes da carcaça de cordeiros cruza Texel x Corriedale. Foram utilizados 46 machos divididos em três grupos: não castrados (n=15), castrados (n=17) e induzidos ao criptorquidismo (n=14). Foi adotado o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com três tratamentos e número variável de repetições. Foi realizada análise de variância para avaliar o efeito da condição sexual sobre as características estudadas. Cordeiros castrados atingiram as condições estipuladas para o abate mais precocemente. Não castrados e induzidos ao criptorquidismo apresentaram pesos superiores de cabeça (kg), pele (kg), pênis (kg) e fígado com vesícula (kg). Não castrados apresentaram valores Como citar - disponível no site, superiores do conjunto pulmões com traqueia (kg) em relação na página do artigo. a animais castrados. Conclui-se que cordeiros não castrados e induzidos ao criptorquidismo apresentam pesos superiores de alguns componentes corporais quando terminados em campo nativo recebendo suplementação de 1% do peso corporal. Proporcionalmente, a condição sexual não interfere nos rendimentos dos componentes corporais de cordeiros Texel x Corriedale.

The study was carried out with objective to evaluate the effects of sexual condition on the weights and yields of nonconstituents of the carcass of Texel x Corriedale lambs. Forty-six males were used divided in three groups: uncastrated (n = 15), castrated (n = 17) and induced to cryptorchidism (n = 14). A completely randomized design with three treatments and variable number of repetitions was adopted, an analysis of variance was performed to evaluate the effect of sexual condition on the characteristics studied. Castrated lambs have reached the stipulated conditions for slaughter earlier. Uncastrated and induced to cryptorchidism presented higher weights of head (kg), skin (kg), penis (kg) and liver with gall bladder (kg). Uncastrated lambs presented higher values for lungs with trachea (kg) compared to castrated animals. It is concluded that uncastrated and induced to cryptorchidism lambs present higher weights of some body components when finished in native field receiving supplementation of 1% of body weight. Proportionally, the sexual condition does not interfere in the yields of the body components of Texel x Corriedale lambs.

Não constituintes da carcaça de cordeiros em distintas condições sexuais / Non-constituents of the carcass of lambs on different sexual conditions

O estudo foi realizado com objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da condição sexual nos pesos e rendimentos dos não constituintes da carcaça de cordeiros cruza Texel x Corriedale. Foram utilizados 46 machos divididos em três grupos: não castrados (n=15), castrados (n=17) e induzidos ao criptorquidismo (n=14). Foi adotado o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com três tratamentos e número variável de repetições. Foi realizada análise de variância para avaliar o efeito da condição sexual sobre as características estudadas. Cordeiros castrados atingiram as condições estipuladas para o abate mais precocemente. Não castrados e induzidos ao criptorquidismo apresentaram pesos superiores de cabeça (kg), pele (kg), pênis (kg) e fígado com vesícula (kg). Não castrados apresentaram valores Como citar - disponível no site, superiores do conjunto pulmões com traqueia (kg) em relação na página do artigo. a animais castrados. Conclui-se que cordeiros não castrados e induzidos ao criptorquidismo apresentam pesos superiores de alguns componentes corporais quando terminados em campo nativo recebendo suplementação de 1% do peso corporal. Proporcionalmente, a condição sexual não interfere nos rendimentos dos componentes corporais de cordeiros Texel x Corriedale.(AU)

The study was carried out with objective to evaluate the effects of sexual condition on the weights and yields of nonconstituents of the carcass of Texel x Corriedale lambs. Forty-six males were used divided in three groups: uncastrated (n = 15), castrated (n = 17) and induced to cryptorchidism (n = 14). A completely randomized design with three treatments and variable number of repetitions was adopted, an analysis of variance was performed to evaluate the effect of sexual condition on the characteristics studied. Castrated lambs have reached the stipulated conditions for slaughter earlier. Uncastrated and induced to cryptorchidism presented higher weights of head (kg), skin (kg), penis (kg) and liver with gall bladder (kg). Uncastrated lambs presented higher values for lungs with trachea (kg) compared to castrated animals. It is concluded that uncastrated and induced to cryptorchidism lambs present higher weights of some body components when finished in native field receiving supplementation of 1% of body weight. Proportionally, the sexual condition does not interfere in the yields of the body components of Texel x Corriedale lambs.(AU)

Pupillary membrane persistence in a feline

Background: Pupillary membrane persistence (PMP) is a congenital abnormality, which is not usually reported in felines.It is characterized by remnants of the fetal membrane that persist as filamentous tissue across the pupil. In general, thischange does not cause any clinical signs. However, the filaments may either attach to the cornea and cause small opacitiesin it or attach to the lens and cause cataracts. In most cases, there is no visual impairment, so treatment is not required.This report aims to describe a case of PMP in a domestic cat diagnosed at the Veterinary Hospital of the State Universityof Santa Cruz (HV-UESC).Case: A two-and-a-half-year-old mixed-breed castrated male cat was brought to the HV-UESC with dermatological complaints. Upon physical examination, the animal was alert with a body temperature, heart, and respiratory rate within thenormal parameters for the feline species. The lymph nodes were non-reactive, and the coloration of the oral mucosa wasnormal. There was no ophthalmic complaint from the owner, nor any loss of visual acuity. In addition, the animal hadmoderate pruritus, redness, and alopecia in the region of the ears, head, neck, chest, and back. Bristle samples were collected for an optical microscope analysis and an infestation with lice (Felicola subrostratus) was confirmed. An endectocidecontaining selamectin (15 mg; single application every 30 days) was prescribed. During physical examination, filamentoustissue crossing from iris to iris through pupil was observed in both eyes. The eyelid, corneal, and pupillary reflexes werewithin normal ranges. An ophthalmic evaluation did not identify conjunctival hyperemia or episcleral vessel congestion,and the eyelid, corneal, and pupillary reflexes were determined to be within the normal range. A slit-lamp biomicroscopydid not detect any anterior chamber alteration besides the filamentous tissue previously mentioned...

Megaesôfago em muar / Megaesophagus in mule

Background: Megaesophagus is a chronic dilation of the esophagus rarely found in horses. It’s a non-specific disease that is associated with several causes, and esophageal hypomotility is the dysfunction that most commonly results in organ dilation. In the literature, there are few reports of megaesophagus in horses and, to date, no cases in mule have been reported. The objective of this work is to describe a case of a donkey with thoracic megaesophagus. Case: A 16 year-old donkey, castrated male, mixed breed weighing 195 kg, was referred for clinical care with a history of 5 days of anorexia. On physical examination, apathy, cachexia, 8% dehydration, moderate enophthalmos, ptialism, bilateral nasal discharge, dry and bristling hair were observed. Due to the poor general condition, a nasogastric tube was chosen to perform enteral nutrition, however, it was not possible to progress the tube to the stomach. In order to confirm the suspicion of a possible esophageal obstruction, gastroscopy was performed, where it was possible to observe an esophageal dilation filled with bulky food located in the thoracic portion of the esophagus. In an attempt to stimulate esophageal motility, in order to promote the progression of the material present in the region of dilation, intramuscular metoclopramide was administered (two applications every 6 h), however the treatment had no effect. Due to the unfavorable prognosis and financial limitations of the owner, euthanasia was performed, which was followed by autopsy and histopathological examination. At necropsy, a marked dilation of the esophagus was observed in the thoracic portion, which was filled with approximately 500 grams of bulky food (grass). In the mucosa of this area...

Pupillary membrane persistence in a feline

Background: Pupillary membrane persistence (PMP) is a congenital abnormality, which is not usually reported in felines.It is characterized by remnants of the fetal membrane that persist as filamentous tissue across the pupil. In general, thischange does not cause any clinical signs. However, the filaments may either attach to the cornea and cause small opacitiesin it or attach to the lens and cause cataracts. In most cases, there is no visual impairment, so treatment is not required.This report aims to describe a case of PMP in a domestic cat diagnosed at the Veterinary Hospital of the State Universityof Santa Cruz (HV-UESC).Case: A two-and-a-half-year-old mixed-breed castrated male cat was brought to the HV-UESC with dermatological complaints. Upon physical examination, the animal was alert with a body temperature, heart, and respiratory rate within thenormal parameters for the feline species. The lymph nodes were non-reactive, and the coloration of the oral mucosa wasnormal. There was no ophthalmic complaint from the owner, nor any loss of visual acuity. In addition, the animal hadmoderate pruritus, redness, and alopecia in the region of the ears, head, neck, chest, and back. Bristle samples were collected for an optical microscope analysis and an infestation with lice (Felicola subrostratus) was confirmed. An endectocidecontaining selamectin (15 mg; single application every 30 days) was prescribed. During physical examination, filamentoustissue crossing from iris to iris through pupil was observed in both eyes. The eyelid, corneal, and pupillary reflexes werewithin normal ranges. An ophthalmic evaluation did not identify conjunctival hyperemia or episcleral vessel congestion,and the eyelid, corneal, and pupillary reflexes were determined to be within the normal range. A slit-lamp biomicroscopydid not detect any anterior chamber alteration besides the filamentous tissue previously mentioned...(AU)

Megaesôfago em muar / Megaesophagus in mule

Background: Megaesophagus is a chronic dilation of the esophagus rarely found in horses. Its a non-specific disease that is associated with several causes, and esophageal hypomotility is the dysfunction that most commonly results in organ dilation. In the literature, there are few reports of megaesophagus in horses and, to date, no cases in mule have been reported. The objective of this work is to describe a case of a donkey with thoracic megaesophagus. Case: A 16 year-old donkey, castrated male, mixed breed weighing 195 kg, was referred for clinical care with a history of 5 days of anorexia. On physical examination, apathy, cachexia, 8% dehydration, moderate enophthalmos, ptialism, bilateral nasal discharge, dry and bristling hair were observed. Due to the poor general condition, a nasogastric tube was chosen to perform enteral nutrition, however, it was not possible to progress the tube to the stomach. In order to confirm the suspicion of a possible esophageal obstruction, gastroscopy was performed, where it was possible to observe an esophageal dilation filled with bulky food located in the thoracic portion of the esophagus. In an attempt to stimulate esophageal motility, in order to promote the progression of the material present in the region of dilation, intramuscular metoclopramide was administered (two applications every 6 h), however the treatment had no effect. Due to the unfavorable prognosis and financial limitations of the owner, euthanasia was performed, which was followed by autopsy and histopathological examination. At necropsy, a marked dilation of the esophagus was observed in the thoracic portion, which was filled with approximately 500 grams of bulky food (grass). In the mucosa of this area...(AU)

Intake, performance, carcass traits and meat quality of goats grazing in the Caatinga rangeland / Consumo, desempenho, características de carcaça e qualidade da carne de caprinos criados em pastejo na Caatinga

The objective of this study was to evaluate the intake, performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of goats submitted to grazing in the Caatinga rangeland supplemented with two hays: jitirana (Merremia aegyptia) or mororó (Bauhinia cheilanta), with or without the association of spineless cactus (Nopalea cochelinifera Salm Dick), and a treatment without supplementation (control). Thirty male goats (castrated), of no defined breed, with an initial mean body weight of 19 ± 0.35 kg and approximately 90 days of age were used. The experimental design was completely randomized, using initial body weight as a covariate, in a factorial design (2 x 2) + 1, with five treatments and six replicates. The highest intake of supplement, total dry matter (DM), non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC), and total digestible nutrients (TDN) intakes occurred in the animals supplemented with jitirana or mororó hays associated with spineless cactus, and higher crude protein (CP) intake accounted for goats supplemented with mororó hay and spineless cactus. Higher intakes of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were observed in the animals fed with jitirana hay. There were no dietary influences in pasture DM intake, performance, cut weights, and carcass characteristics. As for the quality of the meat, there was an influence of the treatments only on the parameter b* (yellowness). Feeding supplementation with jitirana and mororó hays, and spineless cactus did not improve performance and carcass characteristics, and did not negatively influence the quality of goat meat raised on pasture in the Caatinga region.(AU)

Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o consumo, desempenho, características de carcaça e a qualidade da carne de caprinos criados em pastejo na Caatinga e suplementados com dois tipos de fenos: jitirana (Merremia aegyptia) ou mororó (Bauhinia cheilanta), com ou sem a associação a palma forrageira (Nopalea cochelinifera Salm Dick), e um tratamento sem suplementação (controle). Foram utilizados 30 caprinos machos castrados, sem padrão racial definido, com peso corporal inicial de 19 ± 0,35 kg e aproximadamente 90 dias de idade. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, usando o peso corporal inicial como covariável, em arranjo fatorial (2x2) + 1, com cinco tratamentos e seis repetições. Os maiores consumos de suplemento, consumo total de matéria seca (MS), carboidratos não fibrosos (CNF) e dos nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT) ocorreram para os animais alimentados com feno de jitirana ou mororó associados à palma forrageira, e maior consumo de proteína bruta (PB) ocorreu pelos caprinos suplementados com o feno de mororó com palma forrageira. Maiores consumos de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) foram observados nos animais suplementados com feno de jitirana. Não houve influência das dietas sobre o consumo de MS do pasto, desempenho, pesos dos corte e as características de carcaça. Quanto a qualidade da carne, houve influencia dos tratamentos apenas sobre o parâmetro b* (Intensidade de amarelo). A suplementação alimentar com os fenos de jitirana e mororó, e palma forrageira não proporcionou melhorias no desempenho e nas características de carcaça, bem como não influenciou negativamente a qualidade da carne de caprinos criados em pastejo em região de Caatinga.(AU)

Testicular and seminal evaluation of goats fed hay Cenostigma pyramidale / Avaliação testicular e seminal de caprinos alimentados com feno de Cenostigma pyramidale

This study aimed to assess the possible occurrence of reproductive changes in male goats associated with ingestion of Cenostigma pyramidale hay. Sixteen animals divided into two experimental groups, G1 and G2 (control group) were used. Animals in G1 received 2% of forage, based on live weight (LW), composed of 100% of C. pyramidale, and animals in G2 received 2% of Panicum maximum "Massai' grass hay, based on LW. Both groups received 1% of concentrated feed supplementation based on LW, along with mineralized salt and water ad libitum. The goats were subjected to weighing, testicular biometry, and semen and blood collection every 30 days. After 120 days, the animals were castrated and their testes were collected. Testicular measurements were performed and fragments were collected for histological processing to determine the gonadosomatic index (GSI), diameter of the seminiferous tubules, height of the germinal epithelium (HGE), volumetric proportion and volume of the testicular parenchyma components, total length of the seminiferous tubules, length of the seminiferous tubules per gram of testis, and leydigosomatic and tubulosomatic indexes. The data were evaluated for normality using the Student's t-test. Data with normal distribution were assessed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the non-parametric data were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis test, both at 5% probability. Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were observed for GSI (G1=0.48 ±0.08 and G2=0.34 ±0.09) and HGE (G1=52.95 ±2.99 and G2=.47.63 ±2.67) between treatments. Consumption of C. pyramidale hay increased LW and, consequently, testicular weight, contributing to high GSI. In conclusion, ingestion of C. pyramidale has no toxic effect on the testicular, seminal and histological parameters of goat testis. Due to its nutritional characteristics, consumption of this plant improves animal body development. Because C. pyramidale is adapted to semi-arid regions, it can be an alternative source of feed for goats during periods of shortage.(AU)

Para avaliar a possível ocorrência de alterações reprodutivas em caprinos machos associado ao consumo de Cenostigma pyramidale, foram utilizados 16 animais divididos em dois grupos experimentais, G1 e G2 (grupo controle). Animais pertencentes ao G1 receberam 2% de volumoso, com base no peso vivo (PV), constituído de 100% de C. pyramidale e o G2 receberam 2%, com base no PV, de feno de Panicum maximum 'Massai'. Todos os grupos receberam 1%, com base no PV, de suplementação concentrada, além de sal mineralizado e água ad libitum. A cada 30 dias os animais eram submetidos à pesagem, biometria testicular e coletas de sêmen. O sêmen foi avaliado quanto ao volume, turbilhonamento, vigor, motilidade, concentração espermática, defeitos maiores, menores e totais. Após 120 dias os animais foram castrados e os testículos coletados. Foram realizadas as mensurações testiculares e coletados fragmentos para o processamento histológico, para determinação do índice gonadossomático, diâmetro dos túbulos seminíferos, altura do epitélio germinativo, proporção volumétrica e volume dos componentes do parênquima testicular, comprimento total dos túbulos seminíferos, comprimento de túbulo seminífero por grama de testículo, índices leydigossomático e tubulossomático. Os dados foram avaliados quanto à normalidade pelo teste t de Student, os dados com distribuição normal foram analisados por análise de variância com 5% de probabilidade e os não paramétricos, pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis, a 5% de probabilidade. Houve diferenças significativas (p<0,05) para índice gonadossomático (G1=0,48±0,08 e G2=0,34±0,09) e altura do epitélio germinativo (G1=52,95±2,99 e G2=47,63±2,67) entre os tratamentos. O feno de catingueira promoveu aumento no peso corporal e consequentemente maior peso testicular, o que contribui para elevação do IGS. Concluiu-se que o consumo da C. pyramidale não possui efeito tóxico sobre os parâmetros testiculares, seminais e histológicos do testículo dos caprinos e que a planta, por suas características nutricionais promoveu melhora no desenvolvimento corporal dos animais e por ser uma planta adaptada ao clima do semiárido, se constitui uma fonte alternativa de alimentação para esta categoria animal, durante períodos de escassez de alimento.(AU)

Testicular and seminal evaluation of goats fed hay Cenostigma pyramidale / Avaliação testicular e seminal de caprinos alimentados com feno de Cenostigma pyramidale

This study aimed to assess the possible occurrence of reproductive changes in male goats associated with ingestion of Cenostigma pyramidale hay. Sixteen animals divided into two experimental groups, G1 and G2 (control group) were used. Animals in G1 received 2% of forage, based on live weight (LW), composed of 100% of C. pyramidale, and animals in G2 received 2% of Panicum maximum "Massai' grass hay, based on LW. Both groups received 1% of concentrated feed supplementation based on LW, along with mineralized salt and water ad libitum. The goats were subjected to weighing, testicular biometry, and semen and blood collection every 30 days. After 120 days, the animals were castrated and their testes were collected. Testicular measurements were performed and fragments were collected for histological processing to determine the gonadosomatic index (GSI), diameter of the seminiferous tubules, height of the germinal epithelium (HGE), volumetric proportion and volume of the testicular parenchyma components, total length of the seminiferous tubules, length of the seminiferous tubules per gram of testis, and leydigosomatic and tubulosomatic indexes. The data were evaluated for normality using the Student's t-test. Data with normal distribution were assessed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the non-parametric data were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis test, both at 5% probability. Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were observed for GSI (G1=0.48 ±0.08 and G2=0.34 ±0.09) and HGE (G1=52.95 ±2.99 and G2=.47.63 ±2.67) between treatments. Consumption of C. pyramidale hay increased LW and, consequently, testicular weight, contributing to high GSI. In conclusion, ingestion of C. pyramidale has no toxic effect on the testicular, seminal and histological parameters of goat testis. Due to its nutritional characteristics, consumption of this plant improves animal body development. Because C. pyramidale is adapted to semi-arid regions, it can be an alternative source of feed for goats during periods of shortage.(AU)

Para avaliar a possível ocorrência de alterações reprodutivas em caprinos machos associado ao consumo de Cenostigma pyramidale, foram utilizados 16 animais divididos em dois grupos experimentais, G1 e G2 (grupo controle). Animais pertencentes ao G1 receberam 2% de volumoso, com base no peso vivo (PV), constituído de 100% de C. pyramidale e o G2 receberam 2%, com base no PV, de feno de Panicum maximum 'Massai'. Todos os grupos receberam 1%, com base no PV, de suplementação concentrada, além de sal mineralizado e água ad libitum. A cada 30 dias os animais eram submetidos à pesagem, biometria testicular e coletas de sêmen. O sêmen foi avaliado quanto ao volume, turbilhonamento, vigor, motilidade, concentração espermática, defeitos maiores, menores e totais. Após 120 dias os animais foram castrados e os testículos coletados. Foram realizadas as mensurações testiculares e coletados fragmentos para o processamento histológico, para determinação do índice gonadossomático, diâmetro dos túbulos seminíferos, altura do epitélio germinativo, proporção volumétrica e volume dos componentes do parênquima testicular, comprimento total dos túbulos seminíferos, comprimento de túbulo seminífero por grama de testículo, índices leydigossomático e tubulossomático. Os dados foram avaliados quanto à normalidade pelo teste t de Student, os dados com distribuição normal foram analisados por análise de variância com 5% de probabilidade e os não paramétricos, pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis, a 5% de probabilidade. Houve diferenças significativas (p<0,05) para índice gonadossomático (G1=0,48±0,08 e G2=0,34±0,09) e altura do epitélio germinativo (G1=52,95±2,99 e G2=47,63±2,67) entre os tratamentos. O feno de catingueira promoveu aumento no peso corporal e consequentemente maior peso testicular, o que contribui para elevação do IGS. Concluiu-se que o consumo da C. pyramidale não possui efeito tóxico sobre os parâmetros testiculares, seminais e histológicos do testículo dos caprinos e que a planta, por suas características nutricionais promoveu melhora no desenvolvimento corporal dos animais e por ser uma planta adaptada ao clima do semiárido, se constitui uma fonte alternativa de alimentação para esta categoria animal, durante períodos de escassez de alimento.(AU)

Avaliação anatomopatológica de testículos de bovinos(Bos taurus) superprecoces submetidos a imunocastração / Anatomopathological evaluation of young bulls (Bos taurus) testicles submitted to immunocastration

Background: Immunocastration is a less invasive and painless procedure compared to surgical castration, which causesgreater stress to animals, especially when performed improperly. Immunocastration stimulates the production of antibodiesagainst Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH), temporarily blocking the hormone production by the male gonads.Anatomopathological evaluation of animals submitted to immunocastration with the establishment of different degrees oftesticular degeneration helps to evaluate the efficacy of the different dose ranges used for this procedure. Because of thescarcity of information about this procedure in young bulls, the study aimed to compare the immunocastrated and noncastrated animals.Materials, Methods & Results: Eighteen Angus-Limousin bulls were used from weaning (7±1 months) to slaughtering(15±1 months) with the establishment of two groups composed of nine non-castrated (NC) and nine immunocastrated (IC)animals. In the IC group, three doses of GnRH synthesis inhibitor vaccine (Bopriva®) were applied on days 0 (weaning),87 and 223. At slaughter, scrotal circumference, weight (kg), width (cm), length (cm) and total size (width x length) of thetesticles were obtained, then were routinely processed for histopathological analysis. Four degrees of testicular degeneration was established: grade 0 (no changes), grade 1 (mild), grade 2 (moderate) and grade 3 (severe). Statistical analysiswas performed using Student’s t-test to compare the means of macroscopic variables. The scrotal circumference startedto decrease in the IC animals on day 132, with a certain growth from day 194. There was a significant difference betweenthe two groups for width (P = 0.001), length (P = 0.004), total size (P = 0.003) and scrotal circumference (P = 0.04).Testicles of the IC group tended to be lighter (P = 0.06)...