Microsatellite multiplex systems for Brycon orbignyanus (Characiformes: Bryconidae)

The Neotropical migratory (piracema) fish species Brycon orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1850), commonly known as piracanjuba, was once considered one of the most conspicuous resources for fisheries in the La Plata River Basin, the second largest in South America, but today is considered a threatened species, almost extinct in the wild ( Machado et al., 2008 ; Oliveira et al., 2017 ). It suffers from several pressures such as intense hydroelectric exploitation in the basin, pollution, deforestation of riverine vegetation and introduction of species ( Oliveira et al., 2017 ). Its omnivorous habits and fast growth curve under domestication ( Sipaúba-Tavares et al., 2008 ; Nogueira et al., 2014 ) makes this fish a good candidate for the development of aquaculture programs, which could guarantee its ex situ cultivation and help in situ conservation initiatives. Hatchery production of this species, targeting stocking efforts in areas affected by dam introduction, is presumed to be important in helping maintaining small population remnants in some isolated points in the basin, but this is still unaddressed in rigorous scientific studies. Such scenario brings about the importance of the development of tools for the rapid assessment of genetic diversity and structure, in order to identify the impacts over dwindling stocks and to evaluate the efficiency of fish stocking activities, in this important species.(AU)

INTOXICAÇÃO ESPONTÂNEA POR Combretum glaucocarpum Mart. [sin.: Thiloa glaucocarpa (Mart.) Eichler] (Combretaceae) EM BOVINOS

Abstract The present study aimed to describe, for the first time in Tocantins State, the epidemiological, clinical, and pathological aspects of an outbreak of Combretum glaucocarpa poisoning in cattle. From a herd of 200 cattle that had access to the plant, 70 animals died. The signs were swelling of the posterior thigh, groin, perineum, scrotum, ventral abdomen, chest, and barb; dark and fetid stools; marked weight loss, and rough hair. The clinical course ranged from 3 to 20 days. The serum activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate amininotransferase and the serum concentrations of urea and creatinine were markedly elevated in all the ten animals examined. The gross lesions consisted of large amouts of transudate in the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities. Edema was also seen in the urinary bladder, perirenal tissue and gallbladder subserosa at its insertion to the liver. The liver was enlarged, congested, and bluish. Petechiae and ecchymosis were observed in the epicardium, myocardium, tracheal mucosa, omentum, ruminal serosa, urinary bladder, and testicles. Suffusions were detected in the brain. Histopathology of the liver revealed mild centrilobular degeneration. In the kidney, hemorrhagic foci in corticomedullary junction with mild tubular degeneration were observed. Additionally, some renal tubules had necrotic epithelial cells and hyaline casts. It is the first report of poisoning by C. glaucocarpum in cattle in Tocantins.

Resumo O presente trabalho tem por objetivo descrever, pela primeira vez no Estado do Tocantins, as características epidemiológicas, clínicas e patológicas de um surto de intoxicação espontânea por Combretum glaucocarpa em bovinos. De um lote de 200 bovinos acessíveis à planta, 70 animais chegaram a óbito. Os sinais observados foram edema na região posterior da coxa e inguinal, períneo, escroto e ventre do abdômen, tórax e barbela; fezes escuras e fétidas; emagrecimento e pêlos ásperos. O curso clínico variou de 3 a 20 dias. As concentrações séricas de ureia e creatinina e as atividades séricas de alanino-aminotransferase e aspartato-aminotransferase estavam elevadas nos dez animais avaliados. As lesões observadas foram grande quantidade de transudato na cavidade abdominal, tórax e saco pericárdico. Notou-se edema na bexiga, tecidos perirenais e na subserosa da vesícula biliar, junto à sua inserção com o fígado. Este estava aumentado, com bordos arredondados, congesto e azulado. Petéquias e equimoses foram observadas no epicárdio, miocárdio, mucosa da traqueia, omento, serosa do rúmen, vesícula urinária e testículos. Áreas de sufusões foram observadas no encéfalo. Na histopatologia, visualizou-se degeneração hidrópica centrolobular leve no fígado e, no rim, focos de hemorragia na junção corticomedular com degeneração tubular leve. Encontraram-se células epiteliais necróticas e cilindros hialinos em alguns túbulos renais. É a primeira descrição por C. glaucocarpum em bovinos no Tocantins.

Spontaneous poisoning by Combretum glaucocarpum Mart. [sin.: Thiloa glaucocarpa (Mart.) Eichler] (Combretaceae) in cattle / Intoxicação espontânea por Combretum glaucocarpum Mart. [sin.: Thiloa glaucocarpa (Mart.) Eichler] (Combretaceae) em bovinos

The present study aimed to describe, for the first time in Tocantins State, the epidemiological, clinical, and pathological aspects of an outbreak of Combretum glaucocarpa poisoning in cattle. From a herd of 200 cattle that had access to the plant, 70 animals died. The signs were swelling of the posterior thigh, groin, perineum, scrotum, ventral abdomen, chest, and barb; dark and fetid stools; marked weight loss, and rough hair. The clinical course ranged from 3 to 20 days. The serum activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate amininotransferase and the serum concentrations of urea and creatinine were markedly elevated in all the ten animals examined. The gross lesions consisted of large amouts of transudate in the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities. Edema was also seen in the urinary bladder, perirenal tissue and gallbladder subserosa at its insertion to the liver. The liver was enlarged, congested, and bluish. Petechiae and ecchymosis were observed in the epicardium, myocardium, tracheal mucosa, omentum, ruminal serosa, urinary bladder, and testicles. Suffusions were detected in the brain. Histopathology of the liver revealed mild centrilobular degeneration. In the kidney, hemorrhagic foci in corticomedullary junction with mild tubular degeneration were observed. Additionally, some renal tubules had necrotic epithelial cells and hyaline casts. It is the first report of poisoning by C. glaucocarpum in cattle in Tocantins.

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo descrever, pela primeira vez no Estado do Tocantins, as características epidemiológicas, clínicas e patológicas de um surto de intoxicação espontânea por Combretum glaucocarpa em bovinos. De um lote de 200 bovinos acessíveis à planta, 70 animais chegaram a óbito. Os sinais observados foram edema na região posterior da coxa e inguinal, períneo, escroto e ventre do abdômen, tórax e barbela; fezes escuras e fétidas; emagrecimento e pêlos ásperos. O curso clínico variou de 3 a 20 dias. As concentrações séricas de ureia e creatinina e as atividades séricas de alanino-aminotransferase e aspartato-aminotransferase estavam elevadas nos dez animais avaliados. As lesões observadas foram grande quantidade de transudato na cavidade abdominal, tórax e saco pericárdico. Notou-se edema na bexiga, tecidos perirenais e na subserosa da vesícula biliar, junto à sua inserção com o fígado. Este estava aumentado, com bordos arredondados, congesto e azulado. Petéquias e equimoses foram observadas no epicárdio, miocárdio, mucosa da traqueia, omento, serosa do rúmen, vesícula urinária e testículos. Áreas de sufusões foram observadas no encéfalo. Na histopatologia, visualizou-se degeneração hidrópica centrolobular leve no fígado e, no rim, focos de hemorragia na junção corticomedular com degeneração tubular leve. Encontraram-se células epiteliais necróticas e cilindros hialinos em alguns túbulos renais. É a primeira descrição por C. glaucocarpum em bovinos no Tocantins.

Spontaneous poisoning by Combretum glaucocarpum Mart. [sin.: Thiloa glaucocarpa (Mart.) Eichler] (Combretaceae) in cattle / Intoxicação espontânea por Combretum glaucocarpum Mart. [sin.: Thiloa glaucocarpa (Mart.) Eichler] (Combretaceae) em bovinos

The present study aimed to describe, for the first time in Tocantins State, the epidemiological, clinical, and pathological aspects of an outbreak of Combretum glaucocarpa poisoning in cattle. From a herd of 200 cattle that had access to the plant, 70 animals died. The signs were swelling of the posterior thigh, groin, perineum, scrotum, ventral abdomen, chest, and barb; dark and fetid stools; marked weight loss, and rough hair. The clinical course ranged from 3 to 20 days. The serum activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate amininotransferase and the serum concentrations of urea and creatinine were markedly elevated in all the ten animals examined. The gross lesions consisted of large amouts of transudate in the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities. Edema was also seen in the urinary bladder, perirenal tissue and gallbladder subserosa at its insertion to the liver. The liver was enlarged, congested, and bluish. Petechiae and ecchymosis were observed in the epicardium, myocardium, tracheal mucosa, omentum, ruminal serosa, urinary bladder, and testicles. Suffusions were detected in the brain. Histopathology of the liver revealed mild centrilobular degeneration. In the kidney, hemorrhagic foci in corticomedullary junction with mild tubular degeneration were observed. Additionally, some renal tubules had necrotic epithelial cells and hyaline casts. It is the first report of poisoning by C. glaucocarpum in cattle in Tocantins.(AU)

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo descrever, pela primeira vez no Estado do Tocantins, as características epidemiológicas, clínicas e patológicas de um surto de intoxicação espontânea por Combretum glaucocarpa em bovinos. De um lote de 200 bovinos acessíveis à planta, 70 animais chegaram a óbito. Os sinais observados foram edema na região posterior da coxa e inguinal, períneo, escroto e ventre do abdômen, tórax e barbela; fezes escuras e fétidas; emagrecimento e pêlos ásperos. O curso clínico variou de 3 a 20 dias. As concentrações séricas de ureia e creatinina e as atividades séricas de alanino-aminotransferase e aspartato-aminotransferase estavam elevadas nos dez animais avaliados. As lesões observadas foram grande quantidade de transudato na cavidade abdominal, tórax e saco pericárdico. Notou-se edema na bexiga, tecidos perirenais e na subserosa da vesícula biliar, junto à sua inserção com o fígado. Este estava aumentado, com bordos arredondados, congesto e azulado. Petéquias e equimoses foram observadas no epicárdio, miocárdio, mucosa da traqueia, omento, serosa do rúmen, vesícula urinária e testículos. Áreas de sufusões foram observadas no encéfalo. Na histopatologia, visualizou-se degeneração hidrópica centrolobular leve no fígado e, no rim, focos de hemorragia na junção corticomedular com degeneração tubular leve. Encontraram-se células epiteliais necróticas e cilindros hialinos em alguns túbulos renais. É a primeira descrição por C. glaucocarpum em bovinos no Tocantins.(AU)