Celulite juvenil canina: relato de caso / Canine juvenile cellulitis: case report

A celulite juvenil, também descrita como dermatite e linfadenite granulomatosa estéril, é um distúrbio pouco frequente que acomete cães entre três semanas a quatro meses. Sua etiologia é incerta, entretanto, a hipótese mais recente sugere uma provável falha no sistema imune associada à administração de vacinas. Os sinais clínicos incluem eritema, edema, pápulas e pústulas especialmente em pálpebras, lábios e focinhos, podendo também acometer outros locais, além de linfonodomegalia e otite bilateral. O diagnóstico requer exame citológico e histopatológico das lesões e a terapia deve ser precoce e agressiva, visando a imunossupresão através do uso de altas doses de glicocorticóides. Foi atendido no Centro Médico Veterinário da São Judas Campus Unimonte, um filhote de Golden Retriver, apresentando sinais clínicos acima descritos. Foram realizados exames diagnósticos e imposto o tratamento preconizado. Diante à resposta positiva ao uso de glicocorticoide, a reação de hipersensibilidade imunomediada após a administração da vacina é uma hipótese para o desenvolvimento da celulite juvenil neste caso. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso de celulite juvenil em um cão, visando a importância do conhecimento dos aspectos clínicos, diagnósticos e terapêuticos afim de um bom prognóstico.

Juvenile cellulitis, also described as dermatitis and sterile granulomatous lymphadenitis, is an uncommon disorder that affects dogs between three weeks to four months. Its etiology is uncertain, however, the most recent hypothesis suggests a probable immunesystem failure associated with vaccine administration. Clinical signs include erythema, edema, papules and pustules, especially on the eyelids, lips and snouts, and may also affect other areas, in addition to lymph node enlargement and bilateral otitis. The diagnosis requires, apart from history and clinical signs, additional exams such as the cytological and histopathological method of the lesions and the therapy must be early and aggressive, aiming at immunosuppression through the use of high doses of glucocorticoids. A Golden Retriver puppy was seen at the Veterinary Medical Center of São Judas Campus Unimonte, showing the clinical signs described above. Diagnostic exams were carried out and the recommended treatment was followed. Due to the positive response to the use of glucocorticoids, the immune-mediated hypersensitivity reaction after administration of the vaccine is a hypothesis for the development of juvenile cellulitis in this case. The objective of this work is to report a case of juvenile cellulites in a dog, aiming at the importance of knowledge of clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects in order to have a good prognosis.

Celulite juvenil canina: relato de caso / Canine juvenile cellulitis: case report

A celulite juvenil, também descrita como dermatite e linfadenite granulomatosa estéril, é um distúrbio pouco frequente que acomete cães entre três semanas a quatro meses. Sua etiologia é incerta, entretanto, a hipótese mais recente sugere uma provável falha no sistema imune associada à administração de vacinas. Os sinais clínicos incluem eritema, edema, pápulas e pústulas especialmente em pálpebras, lábios e focinhos, podendo também acometer outros locais, além de linfonodomegalia e otite bilateral. O diagnóstico requer exame citológico e histopatológico das lesões e a terapia deve ser precoce e agressiva, visando a imunossupresão através do uso de altas doses de glicocorticóides. Foi atendido no Centro Médico Veterinário da São Judas Campus Unimonte, um filhote de Golden Retriver, apresentando sinais clínicos acima descritos. Foram realizados exames diagnósticos e imposto o tratamento preconizado. Diante à resposta positiva ao uso de glicocorticoide, a reação de hipersensibilidade imunomediada após a administração da vacina é uma hipótese para o desenvolvimento da celulite juvenil neste caso. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso de celulite juvenil em um cão, visando a importância do conhecimento dos aspectos clínicos, diagnósticos e terapêuticos afim de um bom prognóstico.(AU)

Juvenile cellulitis, also described as dermatitis and sterile granulomatous lymphadenitis, is an uncommon disorder that affects dogs between three weeks to four months. Its etiology is uncertain, however, the most recent hypothesis suggests a probable immunesystem failure associated with vaccine administration. Clinical signs include erythema, edema, papules and pustules, especially on the eyelids, lips and snouts, and may also affect other areas, in addition to lymph node enlargement and bilateral otitis. The diagnosis requires, apart from history and clinical signs, additional exams such as the cytological and histopathological method of the lesions and the therapy must be early and aggressive, aiming at immunosuppression through the use of high doses of glucocorticoids. A Golden Retriver puppy was seen at the Veterinary Medical Center of São Judas Campus Unimonte, showing the clinical signs described above. Diagnostic exams were carried out and the recommended treatment was followed. Due to the positive response to the use of glucocorticoids, the immune-mediated hypersensitivity reaction after administration of the vaccine is a hypothesis for the development of juvenile cellulitis in this case. The objective of this work is to report a case of juvenile cellulites in a dog, aiming at the importance of knowledge of clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects in order to have a good prognosis.(AU)

Electrochemotherapy associated with calcium electroporation in metastatic feline cutaneous malignant melanoma

Background: Calcium electroporation (CaEP) is a novel therapeutic treatment that has been studied for cancer due to itsselective killing cancer cells by necrosis and danger signals. Besides that, electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an effective local treatment that involves the administration of chemotherapeutic drugs followed by delivery of electrical pulses to thetumor. The combination with ECT and CaEP has been reported in literature suggesting that additional response of immunesystem could have been enhanced by electroporation with calcium. This case, report on the successful treatment with CaEPcombined with ECT for treatment of a regional metastasis in a feline model of malignant melanoma.Case: A 9-year-old, mixed breed cat was referred to the veterinary clinic with a 2-month history of cutaneous peripalpebralplaque lesion (0.19 cm³) and a submandibular lymph node enlargement (0.5 cm³). Incisional biopsy of the cutaneous lesionand fine-needle aspiration of submandibular lymph node confirmed a cutaneous melanoma with submandibular lymph nodemetastasis. Tumor staging was set in T1N1M0 according to WHO staging criteria. ECT for the primary lesion and lymphnode metastasis was proposed. For the ECT, bleomycin (15,000 UI/m²) application was performed intravenous followedby electroporation (8 pulses of 100 μs at 1000 V/cm, and 1 Hz) using a needle array electrode consisted of two parallelrows with six needles in each row. At 28-day post-ECT complete remission of the primary tumor and metastatic foci wasachieved. However, 120 days after ECT, recurrence was observed in submandibular and retropharyngeal...

Electrochemotherapy associated with calcium electroporation in metastatic feline cutaneous malignant melanoma

Background: Calcium electroporation (CaEP) is a novel therapeutic treatment that has been studied for cancer due to itsselective killing cancer cells by necrosis and danger signals. Besides that, electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an effective local treatment that involves the administration of chemotherapeutic drugs followed by delivery of electrical pulses to thetumor. The combination with ECT and CaEP has been reported in literature suggesting that additional response of immunesystem could have been enhanced by electroporation with calcium. This case, report on the successful treatment with CaEPcombined with ECT for treatment of a regional metastasis in a feline model of malignant melanoma.Case: A 9-year-old, mixed breed cat was referred to the veterinary clinic with a 2-month history of cutaneous peripalpebralplaque lesion (0.19 cm³) and a submandibular lymph node enlargement (0.5 cm³). Incisional biopsy of the cutaneous lesionand fine-needle aspiration of submandibular lymph node confirmed a cutaneous melanoma with submandibular lymph nodemetastasis. Tumor staging was set in T1N1M0 according to WHO staging criteria. ECT for the primary lesion and lymphnode metastasis was proposed. For the ECT, bleomycin (15,000 UI/m²) application was performed intravenous followedby electroporation (8 pulses of 100 μs at 1000 V/cm, and 1 Hz) using a needle array electrode consisted of two parallelrows with six needles in each row. At 28-day post-ECT complete remission of the primary tumor and metastatic foci wasachieved. However, 120 days after ECT, recurrence was observed in submandibular and retropharyngeal...(AU)

Embryo maternal immune interactions in cattle

Mammalian embryo implantation requires the priming of the maternal immune system, but, not the provocation. There are many examples of conditions where a disturbed or aberrant immune profile during embryo implantation leads to pregnancy loss. However, these studies are primarily associated with human and mouse species; data is generally limited for cattle and livestock. Most available information centres on the endometrial response to interferon tau (IFNT), a type I antiviral cytokine, which is the maternal recognition factor for cattle and sheep. Interferon tau secretion by the embryo and detection by the dam is critical to corpus luteum (CL) maintenance and pregnancy retention. However, the large volume of bovine endometrial and conceptual transcriptomic data highlights a broader more integral role of the maternal immune system in the establishment of pregnancy in cattle. When taken together with available immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry data from livestock, mouse, and human, a profile of immune cell involvement from ovulation to conception and placentation emerges. The key events of pregnancy establishment in cattle and the involvement of the maternal immune system will be discussed.

Embryo maternal immune interactions in cattle

Mammalian embryo implantation requires the priming of the maternal immune system, but, not the provocation. There are many examples of conditions where a disturbed or aberrant immune profile during embryo implantation leads to pregnancy loss. However, these studies are primarily associated with human and mouse species; data is generally limited for cattle and livestock. Most available information centres on the endometrial response to interferon tau (IFNT), a type I antiviral cytokine, which is the maternal recognition factor for cattle and sheep. Interferon tau secretion by the embryo and detection by the dam is critical to corpus luteum (CL) maintenance and pregnancy retention. However, the large volume of bovine endometrial and conceptual transcriptomic data highlights a broader more integral role of the maternal immune system in the establishment of pregnancy in cattle. When taken together with available immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry data from livestock, mouse, and human, a profile of immune cell involvement from ovulation to conception and placentation emerges. The key events of pregnancy establishment in cattle and the involvement of the maternal immune system will be discussed.(AU)