Animal and workers' welfare during agricultural fairˆien

The animal welfare concept in the last years began to be implanted in the animal production scenario and in the environment where the workers are inserted. But, the animal breeders themselves know little about rational handling, the labor laws, and the positive effects that this practice can offer. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the physiological parameters and the welfare conditions of the animals and the workers, during an agricultural fair in the Brazilian semi-arid. Questionnaires were applied to visitors, caretakers, and farmers, in order to verify the perception level regarding the adoption of rational handling and, animal and workers welfare. Subsequently, the handling and thermal environment were evaluated. The following physiological variables were collected: rectal and body surface temperature and, respiratory rate during shipment and landing of the beef cattle belonging to the elite category at the fair. Questionnaires data showed that the theme welfare and rational handling is known among visitors, caretakers and farmers, and that the practice is less stressful to animals. The physiological variables were within the recommended standards, indicating the animal thermoregulation and animal adaptation to the shipment, transport and landing. However, the handling adopted by the workers is still result on cultural issues, lack of information and awareness about the benefits of rational handling.(AU)

Animal and workers' welfare during agricultural fairˆien

The animal welfare concept in the last years began to be implanted in the animal production scenario and in the environment where the workers are inserted. But, the animal breeders themselves know little about rational handling, the labor laws, and the positive effects that this practice can offer. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the physiological parameters and the welfare conditions of the animals and the workers, during an agricultural fair in the Brazilian semi-arid. Questionnaires were applied to visitors, caretakers, and farmers, in order to verify the perception level regarding the adoption of rational handling and, animal and workers’ welfare. Subsequently, the handling and thermal environment were evaluated. The following physiological variables were collected: rectal and body surface temperature and, respiratory rate during shipment and landing of the beef cattle belonging to the elite category at the fair. Questionnaires data showed that the theme welfare and rational handling is known among visitors, caretakers and farmers, and that the practice is less stressful to animals. The physiological variables were within the recommended standards, indicating the animal thermoregulation and animal adaptation to the shipment, transport and landing. However, the handling adopted by the workers is still result on cultural issues, lack of information and awareness about the benefits of rational handling.

Knapsack sprayers: effort required for pumping lever operation / Pulverizadores costais: esforço para o acionamento da alavanca de bombeamento

Various equipment, mainly manual knapsack sprayers, are used to apply agrochemicals by smallholder farmers. They are highlighted by their versatility of use and mainly by their low cost for farmers. Few operator-related studies were reported in the literature regarding the effort required to operate the knapsack sprayer lever. Knapsack sprayers were evaluated regarding the effort required to move their hand levers, reach and maintain the 300 kPa pressure, and return to the initial position. The objective of this study was to evaluate the operators effort to operate the hand lever using the "Super magro" biofertilizer as fluid. It was concluded that all knapsack sprayers are within the Consolidation of Labor Laws (CLT) standards regarding the effort required to operate the hand lever. However, restrictions have been reported in some manual knapsack sprayers regarding international standards.(AU)

Existem diversos equipamentos utilizados na aplicação de agrotóxicos em propriedades familiares, principalmente os pulverizadores costais manuais. Estes ganham destaque pela sua versatilidade de uso e, principalmente, o baixo custo para o produtor rural. Na bibliografia foi constatado poucos estudos relacionados ao operador, quando analisado o seu esforço ao acionar a alavanca do pulverizador costal. Os pulverizadores costais foram avaliados quanto aos esforços necessários ao deslocamento da alavanca: para atingir a pressão de 300 kPa, na manutenção desta e em seu retorno para a posição inicial. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os esforços do operador ao acionar a alavanca utilizando como fluido o biofertilizante composto Super Magro. Conclui-se, no que tange ao esforço para acionamento da alavanca, que todos os pulverizadores estão dentro das normas da CLT (Consolidação das Leis Trabalhistas), porém existem restrições a alguns pulverizadores costais manuais em relação às normas internacionais.(AU)

Influência da certificação florestal no cumprimento da legislação ambiental e trabalhista na região amazônica / Influence of the forest certification in the compliance of the environmental and labor legislation in the Amazonia Region

Nas últimas décadas tem surgido uma maior preocupação ambiental advinda das mudanças climáticas e dos desmatamentos contínuos das florestas tropicais. Para conciliar a exploração e a conservação das florestas surgiram alguns mecanismos, entre eles a certificação florestal. No Brasil, ela está presente há mais de uma década, através do FSC (Forest Stewardship Council), uma ONG (Organização Não-Governamental) que estabeleceu um padrão para a certificação do manejo florestal. Este padrão possui nove princípios e o primeiro deles trata da "Obediência às Leis e Princípios do FSC", exigindo o cumprimento e respeito de todas as leis aplicáveis ao país onde opera e obedecer a todos os seus Princípios e Critérios. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar a influência da certificação florestal no cumprimento da legislação nas unidades de manejo de florestas nativas. Buscaram-se os dados nos relatórios públicos das unidades de manejo certificadas até 2007. A avaliação foi realizada por meio da identificação e análise das principais não-conformidades, com relação ao primeiro princípio. Verificou-se que os principais problemas estavam relacionados à legislação ambiental e trabalhista. As não-conformidades da legislação trabalhista foram em sua maioria referentes aos problemas com trabalhadores terceirizados e a legislação ambiental referentes às áreas de preservação permanente e falta de autorizações de órgãos ambientais. Caso sejam tomadas ações para resolvê-las, pode-se concluir que a certificação florestal pode contribuir para o atendimento da legislação nas unidades de manejo de florestas nativas.

In the last decades environmental concerns have been arising as a result of the climate changes and the ongoing deforestation in tropical regions. To conciliate the exploration and conservation of the forests some mechanisms have , among them the forest certification. In Brazil, it has been presented more than a decade, through the FSC (Forest Stewardship Council), an NGO (Non-governmental organization) which established standard guidelines for forest management certification. Such guidelines have nine principles and the first one deal with "Compliance with laws and FSC Principles", demanding the compliance and respect of all applicable laws of the country where it operates and comply with all their Principles and Criteria. In this context, this study aimed to verify the influence of forest certification in the legislation compliance in the units of management of native forest. Data was collected from public reports of the certificated management units until 2007. The evaluation was made up through the identification and analyses of the main non-conformance, related to the first principle. It was found that the main problems were related to the environmental and labor legislation. The labor legislation non-conformances were mostly related to the problems with the outsourced workers and environmental legislation relating to permanent preservation areas and lack of permit from environmental agencies.

Influência da certificação florestal no cumprimento da legislação ambiental e trabalhista na região amazônica

In the last decades environmental concerns have been arising as a result of the climate changes and the ongoing deforestation in tropical regions. To conciliate the exploration and conservation of the forests some mechanisms have , among them the forest certification. In Brazil, it has been presented more than a decade, through the FSC (Forest Stewardship Council), an NGO (Non-governmental organization) which established standard guidelines for forest management certification. Such guidelines have nine principles and the first one deal with "Compliance with laws and FSC Principles", demanding the compliance and respect of all applicable laws of the country where it operates and comply with all their Principles and Criteria. In this context, this study aimed to verify the influence of forest certification in the legislation compliance in the units of management of native forest. Data was collected from public reports of the certificated management units until 2007. The evaluation was made up through the identification and analyses of the main non-conformance, related to the first principle. It was found that the main problems were related to the environmental and labor legislation. The labor legislation non-conformances were mostly related to the problems with the outsourced workers and environmental legislation relating to permanent preservation areas and lack of permit from environmental agencies.

Nas últimas décadas tem surgido uma maior preocupação ambiental advinda das mudanças climáticas e dos desmatamentos contínuos das florestas tropicais. Para conciliar a exploração e a conservação das florestas surgiram alguns mecanismos, entre eles a certificação florestal. No Brasil, ela está presente há mais de uma década, através do FSC (Forest Stewardship Council), uma ONG (Organização Não-Governamental) que estabeleceu um padrão para a certificação do manejo florestal. Este padrão possui nove princípios e o primeiro deles trata da "Obediência às Leis e Princípios do FSC", exigindo o cumprimento e respeito de todas as leis aplicáveis ao país onde opera e obedecer a todos os seus Princípios e Critérios. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar a influência da certificação florestal no cumprimento da legislação nas unidades de manejo de florestas nativas. Buscaram-se os dados nos relatórios públicos das unidades de manejo certificadas até 2007. A avaliação foi realizada por meio da identificação e análise das principais não-conformidades, com relação ao primeiro princípio. Verificou-se que os principais problemas estavam relacionados à legislação ambiental e trabalhista. As não-conformidades da legislação trabalhista foram em sua maioria referentes aos problemas com trabalhadores terceirizados e a legislação ambiental referentes às áreas de preservação permanente e falta de autorizações de órgãos ambientais. Caso sejam tomadas ações para resolvê-las, pode-se concluir que a certificação florestal pode contribuir para o atendimento da legislação nas unidades de manejo de florestas nativas.