Efeito da expressão do estro sobre características morfofuncionais foliculares, luteais e fertilidade em fêmeas Bos indicus sincronizadas para IATF / Effect of the estrus expression on follicular and luteal morphofunctional characteristics and fertility in Bos indicus females synchronized for FTAI

Background: Recent studies have been conducted with the aim of improving the fertility rates in the FTAI programsin beef females. The observation of the estrus expression constitutes an important indicator of fertility in zebu females.Therefore, this work has as an objective to evaluate the impact of the estrus expression on the follicular, luteal and fertilitymorphofunctional characteristics of Nelore females synchronized for FTAI.Materials, Methods & Results: Sixty five lactating female Nelore (Bos taurus indicus) were used. On a random day, denominatedday 0 (D0), the 65 Nelore females received a progesterone-releasing device associated to the application of 2.0 mg of estradiolbenzoate intramuscularly (IM). On D9, the progesterone-releasing intravaginal devices were removed and was administered500 μg of cloprostenol sodium IM; 0.6 mg of estradiol cypionate IM and 300 UI of Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin IM. At thispoint, the animals were marked with a marking stick for the determination of the estrus expression. On D11 of the synchronization protocol, the animals were characterized in two groups: without estrus expression WITHOUT ESTRUS and with estrusexpression WITH ESTRUS. The evaluation of the follicle diameter (FOLD), of the follicle wall area (FOLA), of the folliclewall vascularization (FOLV) and the percentage of vascularization in the area of the preovulatory follicle wall (%FOLV) wereconducted on D11 using B-mode ultrasonography and color Doppler and then the artificial inseminations were performed. Theevaluation of the corpus luteum diameter (CLD), the total area of the corpus luteum (CLA), of the area of vascularization of thecorpus luteum (CLV), of the percentage of vascularization of the in the area of the corpus luteum (% CLV) and the collectionof blood for the evaluation of the serum...

Efeito da expressão do estro sobre características morfofuncionais foliculares, luteais e fertilidade em fêmeas Bos indicus sincronizadas para IATF / Effect of the estrus expression on follicular and luteal morphofunctional characteristics and fertility in Bos indicus females synchronized for FTAI

Background: Recent studies have been conducted with the aim of improving the fertility rates in the FTAI programsin beef females. The observation of the estrus expression constitutes an important indicator of fertility in zebu females.Therefore, this work has as an objective to evaluate the impact of the estrus expression on the follicular, luteal and fertilitymorphofunctional characteristics of Nelore females synchronized for FTAI.Materials, Methods & Results: Sixty five lactating female Nelore (Bos taurus indicus) were used. On a random day, denominatedday 0 (D0), the 65 Nelore females received a progesterone-releasing device associated to the application of 2.0 mg of estradiolbenzoate intramuscularly (IM). On D9, the progesterone-releasing intravaginal devices were removed and was administered500 μg of cloprostenol sodium IM; 0.6 mg of estradiol cypionate IM and 300 UI of Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin IM. At thispoint, the animals were marked with a marking stick for the determination of the estrus expression. On D11 of the synchronization protocol, the animals were characterized in two groups: without estrus expression WITHOUT ESTRUS and with estrusexpression WITH ESTRUS. The evaluation of the follicle diameter (FOLD), of the follicle wall area (FOLA), of the folliclewall vascularization (FOLV) and the percentage of vascularization in the area of the preovulatory follicle wall (%FOLV) wereconducted on D11 using B-mode ultrasonography and color Doppler and then the artificial inseminations were performed. Theevaluation of the corpus luteum diameter (CLD), the total area of the corpus luteum (CLA), of the area of vascularization of thecorpus luteum (CLV), of the percentage of vascularization of the in the area of the corpus luteum (% CLV) and the collectionof blood for the evaluation of the serum...(AU)

Preventing injuries caused by radiotelemetry collars in reintroduced red-rumped agoutis, Dasyprocta leporina (Rodentia: Dasyproctidae), in Atlantic Forest, southeastern Brazil

Reintroduction has been recognized as a powerful conservation tool, but in order to ensure its success, animal monitoring is highly recommended. One way to monitor released animals is to put radiotelemetry collars on them. These devices, however, can harm the subjects, causing serious wounds. Our objectives in this work were to describe the injuries caused by a radiotelemetry collar model on reintroduced agoutis and to propose modifications to it. We equipped agoutis with TXE-311C radio collars (Telenax Wildlife Telemetry) before releasing them in the wild. They acquired serious wounds and one animal died. We then modified the collar structure to reduce its width and retention of water. After these modifications, the injuries did not occur again. As reintroduction is an expensive conservation strategy, any improvement that maximize its probability of success is important. We believe that the improvements we propose here have the potential to enhance the success of reintroductions and to increase animal welfare. This recommendation is more important when captive animals are re-introduced, because they tend to have lower immunity, particularly when they are released in rainy habitats.

Preventing injuries caused by radiotelemetry collars in reintroduced red-rumped agoutis, Dasyprocta leporina (Rodentia: Dasyproctidae), in Atlantic Forest, southeastern Brazil

Reintroduction has been recognized as a powerful conservation tool, but in order to ensure its success, animal monitoring is highly recommended. One way to monitor released animals is to put radiotelemetry collars on them. These devices, however, can harm the subjects, causing serious wounds. Our objectives in this work were to describe the injuries caused by a radiotelemetry collar model on reintroduced agoutis and to propose modifications to it. We equipped agoutis with TXE-311C radio collars (Telenax Wildlife Telemetry) before releasing them in the wild. They acquired serious wounds and one animal died. We then modified the collar structure to reduce its width and retention of water. After these modifications, the injuries did not occur again. As reintroduction is an expensive conservation strategy, any improvement that maximize its probability of success is important. We believe that the improvements we propose here have the potential to enhance the success of reintroductions and to increase animal welfare. This recommendation is more important when captive animals are re-introduced, because they tend to have lower immunity, particularly when they are released in rainy habitats.

Preventing injuries caused by radiotelemetry collars in reintroduced red-rumped agoutis, Dasyprocta leporina (Rodentia: Dasyproctidae), in Atlantic Forest, southeastern Brazil

Reintroduction has been recognized as a powerful conservation tool, but in order to ensure its success, animal monitoring is highly recommended. One way to monitor released animals is to put radiotelemetry collars on them. These devices, however, can harm the subjects, causing serious wounds. Our objectives in this work were to describe the injuries caused by a radiotelemetry collar model on reintroduced agoutis and to propose modifications to it. We equipped agoutis with TXE-311C radio collars (Telenax Wildlife Telemetry) before releasing them in the wild. They acquired serious wounds and one animal died. We then modified the collar structure to reduce its width and retention of water. After these modifications, the injuries did not occur again. As reintroduction is an expensive conservation strategy, any improvement that maximize its probability of success is important. We believe that the improvements we propose here have the potential to enhance the success of reintroductions and to increase animal welfare. This recommendation is more important when captive animals are re-introduced, because they tend to have lower immunity, particularly when they are released in rainy habitats.(AU)

Current status of bat marking in Brazil and prospect of a national bat band program / Situação atual da marcação de morcegos no Brasil e perspectivas para a criação de um programa nacional de anilhamento

In Brazil, the scientific community has been discussing the creation of a national bat band program, in order to enable studies on natural history and ecology of bats at large spatial and temporal scales. As a basis for the elaboration of the program, this paper aims at summarizing the current status of bat marking in Brazil. A questionnaire was sent to bat researchers in Brazil, for which we obtained 69 answers. According to the results, most researchers (81%) had already marked bats, using primarilymetallic forearm rings (57%) and necklaces (54%). Bats were marked in all five regions of Brazil, especially in the southeastern region (34%). Ninety-three species have been marked, mainly Carollia perspicillata (85% of the researchers). Most researchers agree with the creation of a Brazilian bat marking program (96%), whose database would allow obtaining data on population trends, movements, home range, and longevity, which are important information for bat conservation in Brazil. Marking, however, may cause injuries and affect bat populations, and should be restricted to projects which have the perspective of long-term monitoring.

No Brasil, a comunidade científica vem discutindo a criação de um programa nacional para marcação de morcegos, como forma de viabilizar a realização de estudos sobre história natural e ecologia de morcegos com maior abrangência temporal e espacial. Como embasamento à elaboração do programa, este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar um diagnóstico da atual situação da marcação de morcegos no Brasil. Foi encaminhado um questionário para os pesquisadores de morcegos no Brasil, para o qual obteve-se 69 respostas. De acordo com os resultados, a maioria dos pesquisadores já marcou morcegos (81%), principalmente com anilhas metálicas (57%) e coleiras (54%). Foram realizadas marcações nas cinco regiões do Brasil, com concentração no Sudeste (34%). Noventa e três espécies foram marcadas, principalmente Carollia perspicillata (85% dos pesquisadores). A maioria dos pesquisadores é favorável à criação do programa (96%), cujo banco de dados facilitaria o levantamento de informações sobre tendências populacionais, deslocamentos, área de vida e longevidade das espécies, que apresentam alta relevância para a conservação de morcegos no Brasil. O uso de marcação, contudo, pode provocar ferimentos e afetar morcegos no nível populacional, e deve ser restrito a projetos com possibilidade de monitoramento a longo prazo.

Comparação de métodos auxiliares na identificação de estros em vacas e novilhas mestiças leiteiras

Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar a eficiência de métodos auxiliares de detecção de estro em fêmeas bovinas. No experimento 1, avaliou-se a eficiência do Estrotect em comparação com a observação visual em 58 vacas mestiças leiteiras. Os animais foram divididos em dois grupos: o grupo IATF (n= 21) foi submetido a um protocolo de inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF) e 10 dias após a inseminação foi fixado o dispositivo nos animais. No grupo PG (n=37), foi administrado prostaglandina (Dinoprost Trometamina, Lutalyse, Pfizer) 25mg/animal/IM e imediatamente colado o adesivo. No experimento 2, objetivou-se comparar o Estrotect com o Bastão marcador em novilhas mestiças. Após a sincronização do estro com P4 (CIDR) + GnRH 7 dias - PGF2α, as novilhas foram divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos: Grupo Estrotect (n = 56): recebeu o Estrotect e Grupo Bastão marcador (n = 56): recebeu a marcação na inserção da cauda com o Bastão marcador. A detecção visual de estro foi realizada diariamente, apenas no experimento 1, das 07:00h às 08:00h e das 17:00h até 18:00h. No experimento 2 os dispositivos foram apenas checados duas vezes ao dia. Após detecção foram inseminadas artificialmente e diagnosticadas após 30 dias por ultrassonografia nos dois estudos. No experimento 1 não foi detectado efeito de grupo (P>0,05) na eficiência da detecção visual de estro ou do método auxiliar. Não foi detectado diferença entre a eficiência da detecção visual de estro e o dispositivo (P>0,05) 92,5%. No experimento 2, não foi detectado efeito de grupo (P>0,05) na detecção de estro nem no intervalo da retirada do CIDR até a manifestação do estro. A detecção de estro e a taxa de concepção foi de 92,86% (52/56) e 46,15%(24/52) para o Estrotect e de 85,71% (48/56) e 58,33% (28/48) para o Bastão marcador. Conclui-se que os métodos auxiliares de detecção de estros são eficientes e ajudam na melhoria da eficiência dos programas de inseminação artificial

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of auxiliary tools for the detection of estrus in cows. In experiment 1, we evaluated the efficiency of Estrotect in comparison with visual observation in 58 crossbred cows. The animals were divided into two groups: the TAI (n = 21) was subjected to a protocol of a fixed timed insemination (TAI) and 10 days after insemination device was fixed to the animals. In the group PG (n = 37) was administered prostaglandin (Dinoprost Tromethamine, Lutalyse , Pfizer) and immediately 25mg/animal/IM pasted adhesive. In the experiment 2, aimed to compare the Estrotect with chalk marker in crossbred heifers. After synchronization of estrus with P4 (CIDR) + GnRH - 7 days - PGF2a, heifers were randomly divided into two groups: Group 1 (n = 56) received the Estrotect and Group 2 (n = 56) received in the insertion of the marking tail with the chalk marker. The visual detection of estrus was performed daily in the same way in first experiment, from 07:00 to 08:00 and from 17:00 until 18:00. In experiment 2, the devices were only reached two times a day. After detection were artificially inseminated and diagnosed by ultrasound after 30 days in both estudies. In experiment 1, there was no effect of group (P> 0.05) on the efficiency of visual detection of estrus or auxiliary tool. There was no detectable difference between the efficiency of estrus and the visual detection device (P> 0.05) 92.5%. In experiment 2, not detected a group effect (P> 0.05) in the detection of estrus or the range of CIDR removal to the manifestation of estrus. The heat detection and conception rate was 92.86% (52/56), and 46,15% (24/52) for Estrotect and 85,71% (48/56), and 58.33% (28/48) to chalk marker. It is concluded that the methods of estrus detection aids are effective and help in improving the efficiency of artificial insemination programs

Current status of bat marking in Brazil and prospect of a national bat band program. / Situação atual da marcação de morcegos no Brasil e perspectivas para a criação de um programa nacional de anilhamento

In Brazil, the scientific community has been discussing the creation of a national bat band program, in order to enable studies on natural history and ecology of bats at large spatial and temporal scales. As a basis for the elaboration of the program, this paper aims at summarizing the current status of bat marking in Brazil. A questionnaire was sent to bat researchers in Brazil, for which we obtained 69 answers. According to the results, most researchers (81%) had already marked bats, using primarilymetallic forearm rings (57%) and necklaces (54%). Bats were marked in all five regions of Brazil, especially in the southeastern region (34%). Ninety-three species have been marked, mainly Carollia perspicillata (85% of the researchers). Most researchers agree with the creation of a Brazilian bat marking program (96%), whose database would allow obtaining data on population trends, movements, home range, and longevity, which are important information for bat conservation in Brazil. Marking, however, may cause injuries and affect bat populations, and should be restricted to projects which have the perspective of long-term monitoring.

No Brasil, a comunidade científica vem discutindo a criação de um programa nacional para marcação de morcegos, como forma de viabilizar a realização de estudos sobre história natural e ecologia de morcegos com maior abrangência temporal e espacial. Como embasamento à elaboração do programa, este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar um diagnóstico da atual situação da marcação de morcegos no Brasil. Foi encaminhado um questionário para os pesquisadores de morcegos no Brasil, para o qual obteve-se 69 respostas. De acordo com os resultados, a maioria dos pesquisadores já marcou morcegos (81%), principalmente com anilhas metálicas (57%) e coleiras (54%). Foram realizadas marcações nas cinco regiões do Brasil, com concentração no Sudeste (34%). Noventa e três espécies foram marcadas, principalmente Carollia perspicillata (85% dos pesquisadores). A maioria dos pesquisadores é favorável à criação do programa (96%), cujo banco de dados facilitaria o levantamento de informações sobre tendências populacionais, deslocamentos, área de vida e longevidade das espécies, que apresentam alta relevância para a conservação de morcegos no Brasil. O uso de marcação, contudo, pode provocar ferimentos e afetar morcegos no nível populacional, e deve ser restrito a projetos com possibilidade de monitoramento a longo prazo.