Squamous metaplasia of the rete ovarii do not suppress ovarian cyclicity and pregnancy in cattle: case report / [Metaplasia escamosa da rete ovarii não interrompe a ciclicidade ovariana e a gestação em bovinos: relato de caso]

Squamous metaplasia of the rete ovarii is an ovarian pathologic change characterized by replacement of the normal single layered cuboidal epithelium of the rete ovarii by a stratified squamous keratinized epithelium. Uterus and ovaries from a local slaughterhouse pregnant crossbreed cow were evaluated through ultrasound, macroscopically and histologically. Grossly, there were multiple cysts in both ovaries, which were histologically characterized as rete ovarii cysts with squamous metaplasia and intraluminal accumulation of keratinized material. Squamous metaplasia of the rete ovarii has been previously reported in cows, however this is the first report of this condition in a pregnant animal, demonstrating that this ovarian change is compatible with pregnancy.(AU)

A metaplasia escamosa da rete ovarii é uma patologia ovariana caracterizada pela substituição do epitélio simples cuboidal normal da rete ovarii por um epitélio estratificado escamoso queratinizado. Útero e ovários de uma vaca mestiça gestante, proveniente de abatedouro, foram avaliados por ultrassonografia, macroscopia e histologia. Verificaram-se vários cistos em ambos os ovários, histologicamente caracterizados como cistos de rete ovarii com metaplasia escamosa, com acúmulo intraluminal de material queratinizado. Metaplasia escamosa da rete ovarii foi relatada anteriormente em vacas, porém este é o primeiro relato em que essa alteração ovariana é compatível com manutenção da ciclicidde ovariana e gestação na vaca.(AU)

Effects of ovarian pathologies and uterine inflammations on adenomyosis in bitches

Background: Adenomyosis is a non-neoplastic condition, characterized by the presence of endometrial glands or cells in the myometrium. Adenomyosis is defined by post-operative microscopic examination of uterine tissue and a rarely seen infertility problem in bitches. The process of transformation of healthy uterus into adenomiotic uterus is still a mystery. We aimed to determine role of ovarian pathologies and uterine inflammations on pathogenesis of uterine adenomyosis in bitches.Cases: After ovariohysterectomy, the uteri were fixed and processed by routine methods. Sections were stained with HematoxylinEosin, Massons trichrome and Periodic-Acid-Schiff and immunohistochemically; with p53 protein, Ki-67, α-smooth-muscle actin, cytokeratin-CK 8, 14, 19 antibodies, estrogen and progesterone receptors by Avidin-Biotin-Complex-Peroxidase method. Histopathologically, 7 of the collected tissue samples (n = 38) were diagnosed as adenomyosis. There were unilateral (n = 6) or bilateral (n = 1) adenomyosis in which endometrial glands had broken through the myometrium, and in some cases there were fibromyoma, inflammation, papillary hyperplasia and cysts in glands. Vaginal fibroma, fibromyoma and benign mix tumor (n = 1), simple carcinoma (n = 3), carcinosarcoma (n = 3) in mammary gland were determinated histopathologically. In addition to these findings, follicular cysts (n = 4), parovarian cyst (n = 1), adenocarcinoma and Rete ovarii adenoma were diagnosed in some ovaries. The CK 19 was scored at endometrial glands (n = 2) positively and also, muscle fibers were stained positively with α-smooth-muscle actin antibody (n = 7).Discussion: Adenomyosis is an infertility problem in adult dogs and is hard to detect with routine gynecological examinations. Adenomyosis can be seen unaccompanied by other gynecological problems such as endometritis or leiomyomas, while mammary tumors with adenomyosis have been previously reported in women and in only one case of a bitch.[...](AU)

Effects of ovarian pathologies and uterine inflammations on adenomyosis in bitches

Background: Adenomyosis is a non-neoplastic condition, characterized by the presence of endometrial glands or cells in the myometrium. Adenomyosis is defined by post-operative microscopic examination of uterine tissue and a rarely seen infertility problem in bitches. The process of transformation of healthy uterus into adenomiotic uterus is still a mystery. We aimed to determine role of ovarian pathologies and uterine inflammations on pathogenesis of uterine adenomyosis in bitches.Cases: After ovariohysterectomy, the uteri were fixed and processed by routine methods. Sections were stained with HematoxylinEosin, Masson’s trichrome and Periodic-Acid-Schiff and immunohistochemically; with p53 protein, Ki-67, α-smooth-muscle actin, cytokeratin-CK 8, 14, 19 antibodies, estrogen and progesterone receptors by Avidin-Biotin-Complex-Peroxidase method. Histopathologically, 7 of the collected tissue samples (n = 38) were diagnosed as adenomyosis. There were unilateral (n = 6) or bilateral (n = 1) adenomyosis in which endometrial glands had broken through the myometrium, and in some cases there were fibromyoma, inflammation, papillary hyperplasia and cysts in glands. Vaginal fibroma, fibromyoma and benign mix tumor (n = 1), simple carcinoma (n = 3), carcinosarcoma (n = 3) in mammary gland were determinated histopathologically. In addition to these findings, follicular cysts (n = 4), parovarian cyst (n = 1), adenocarcinoma and Rete ovarii adenoma were diagnosed in some ovaries. The CK 19 was scored at endometrial glands (n = 2) positively and also, muscle fibers were stained positively with α-smooth-muscle actin antibody (n = 7).Discussion: Adenomyosis is an infertility problem in adult dogs and is hard to detect with routine gynecological examinations. Adenomyosis can be seen unaccompanied by other gynecological problems such as endometritis or leiomyomas, while mammary tumors with adenomyosis have been previously reported in women and in only one case of a bitch.[...]

Alterações patológicas em rete ovarii de fêmeas bovinas / Anatomopathological changes in rete ovarii of mestizo cattle

O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar e caracterizar as principais alterações patológicas em rete ovarii, observadas em rebanhobovino mestiço. Foram coletadas amostras de 467 pares de ovários de fêmeas bovinas (gestantes e não gestantes), com idadesvariáveis, provenientes de dois frigoríficos da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil, no período de setembroa dezembro de 2012, para avaliação anatomopatológica. Das amostras coletadas, observou-se a rete ovarii em ambos os ladosde 417/467 animais (89,3%). Na análise macroscópica, verificou-se a presença de cistos foliculares (5,03%), cistos de corpo lúteo(0,72%) e secreções purulentas (0,48%) de coloração amarela intensa e consistência viscosa, indicativo de processo inflamatóriosupurativo. No exame microscópico, observaram-se em 23/417 amostras (5,51%), um processo hiperplásico adenomatoso de reteovarii, com espessamento da camada epitelial, modificação do padrão de epitélio variando de cúbico a colunar, com duas ou trêscamadas de células, sendo em alguns momentos ciliadas e com dilatação tubular. Destas amostras, verificou-se associação delesão hiperplásica com infiltrado inflamatório predominantemente linfomacrofágico em 15/23 amostras (65,22%). Ainda em relaçãoàs amostras confirmadas para hiperplasia, observou-se reação proliferativa estromal com característica fibroplástica em 21/23amostras (91,30%). Conclui-se que em fêmeas bovinas mestiças a frequência de alterações encontradas em rete ovarii é baixaou rara e o conhecimento desta lesão pode auxiliar no manejo reprodutivo desta espécie animal, a fim de diagnosticar possíveisalterações patológicas que podem promover subfertilidade e até infertilidade do rebanho bovino, que resultam em significativasperdas econômicas.(AU)

The aim of this study was to identify and characterize the main pathological changes in rete ovarii observed in cattle herdmestizo. Samples were collected from 467 pairs of ovaries of cows (pregnant and non-pregnant), with varying ages, from tworefrigerators in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, in the period from September to December 2012 foranatomopathological evaluation. From samples collected, the rete ovarii was observed on both sides of 417/467 animals (89.3%).In macroscopic analysis, the presence of follicular cysts (5.03%), corpus luteum cyst (0.72%) and purulent discharge (0.48%) withyellow color and viscous consistency indicating a suppurative inflammatory process. At microscopic analysis, were observed in23/417 samples (5.51%), a hyperplastic adenomatous rete ovarii process, and thickening of the epithelial cell layer, with two orthree cell layers of cuboidal to columnar cells, and some cilia and tubular dilatation. From these samples, there was associationbetween hyperplastic lesions with predominantly a lymphomacrofagic inflammatory cell infiltrate in 15/23 samples (65.22%). Alsoin relation to the samples confirmed for hyperplasia, there was proliferating fibroblasts in 21/23 samples (91.30%). It is concludedthat in mestizo cattle the frequency of alterations found in rete ovarii is low or rarity, and the knowledge of this lesion may assistin the reproductive management of this animals species, in order to diagnose possible pathological alterations that can promotesubfertility and even infertility of the herd that results in significant economic losses.(AU)

Clinical and pathological presentation of squamous metaplasia of the rete ovarii in a Zebu cow / Apresentação clínica e patológica de um caso de metaplasia escamosa da rete ovariana em vaca Zebu

Squamous metaplasia of rete ovarii is characterized by replacement of the normal cuboidal epithelium of rete ovarii by a keratinized stratified scamous epithelium, leading to accumulation of keratinized material within the tubules and cystic dilatation of rete ovarii. The present study decribes a case of scamous metaplasia of rete ovarii in a 10 year old Zebu cow, including clinical, surgical, ultrasonographic, histopathological and hormonal findings. At first ultrasound examination the cow had lightly asymmetric ovaries with follicles presenting echogenicity similar to luteinized follicular cysts. After transvaginal follicular aspiration creamy yellowish sanguineous-purulent content was recovered. After unilateral ovariectomy the ovary was sectioned and brownish viscous material drained from cystic cavity. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosid of squamous metaplasia of the rete ovarii. Progesterone concentrations assessed by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay within different time periods after ovariectomy showed that pathology did not compromise normal luteal ovarian activity in a contralateral reminiscent ovary.(AU)

A metaplasia escamosa de rete ovarii é caracterizada pela substituição do epitélio cúbico normal da rete ovarii por um epitélio escamoso estratificado queratinizado, levando ao acúmulo de material queratinizado dentro dos túbulos e à dilatação cística da rete ovarii. O presente estudo descreve um caso de metaplasia escamosa de rete ovarii em uma vaca Zebu de aproximadamente 10 anos, incluindo aspectos clínico, cirúrgico, ultrassonográfico, histopatológico e dos achados hormonais. Ao primeiro exame ultrassonográfico, a vaca tinha ovários levemente assimétricos e com folículos apresentando ecogenicidade semelhante à dos cistos foliculares luteinizados. Após a aspiração folicular por via transvaginal, foi recuperado conteúdo sanguinopurulento amarelado e de aspecto cremoso. Após a ovariectomia unilateral, o ovário foi seccionado, permitindo a drenagem de material de aspecto viscoso amarronzado da cavidade cística. A histopatologia confirmou o diagnóstico de metaplasia escamosa da rete ovarii. As concentrações de progesterona avaliadas por quimioluminescência, em diferentes períodos de tempo após a ovariectomina unilateral, mostrou que a patologia não comprometeu a atividade ovariana normal do ovário contralateral remanescente.(AU)

Morphological and pathological aspects of the rete ovarii in sheep (Ovis aries)

Sixty-four ovaries of adult woolly sheep from the Centro de Pesquisa dos Campos Sul Brasileiros - Embrapa, Bagé-RS, Brazil, were analyzed histologically. The presence of the rete ovarii was detected in 55 of the 64 ovaries (85.9%), located in the periovarian tissue, in the hilus and in the medullary or cortical regions. As also observed in other mammals, the rete ovarii of sheep is morphologically divided into three portions: intraovarian rete, connecting rete and extraovarian rete. Continuity between the extraovarian rete and the uterine tube was observed in five ovaries (7.8%), suggesting a tuboretial connection, as reported for cows and does. Pathological examination of the rete showed the formation of cysts surrounding the connecting and/or extraovarian rete in seven cases (10.9%) and one case of hyperplasia of the extraovarian rete (1.6%).

Foram analisados histologicamente 64 ovários de ovelhas lanadas adultas, procedentes do Centro de Pesquisa dos Campos Sul Brasileiros-Embrapa, Bagé-RS. Constatou-se, em 55 dos 64 ovários (85,9%), a presença da rete ovarii, localizada no tecido periovariano, no hilo, na medular ou na cortical. À semelhança do observado em outros mamíferos, a rete ovarii na ovelha é morfologicamente dividida em três porções: rete intra-ovárica, rete conectante e rete extra-ovárica. Em cinco ovários (7,8%) foi possível verificar uma continuidade entre a rete extra-ovárica e a tuba uterina, sugerindo uma conexão tubo-retial, de maneira similar à descrita para bovinos e para a corça. Quanto à patologia da rete, observaram-se a formação de cistos envolvendo a rete conectante e/ou extra-ovárica em sete casos (10,9%) e um caso de hiperplasia da rete extra-ovárica (1,6%).

Aspectos histológicos do útero, tuba uterina e ovário de búfalas (Bubalus bubalis)

Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de se conhecer melhor os aspectos morfológicos do sistema reprodutor feminino de búfalas e as modificações que ocorrem nesse sistema durante o ciclo estral. Foram utilizados fragmentos do útero, tuba uterina, e ovário, além de sangue de 20 búfalas provenientes de um matadouro comercial da cidade de Lençóis Paulista-SP. Os fragmentos foram fixados em Karnovsky, incluídos em resina e parafina e corados com HE, AT (pHs 2,5, 4,5 e 6,0), PAS e tricrômio de Masson. Realizou-se uma avaliação histológica geral dos tecidos e análise morfométrica do útero e tuba uterina. Os animais que apresentaram, no endométrio, vascularização e mitose glandular de moderada a intensa, e edema de moderado a intenso foram classificados na fase folicular (38 %) e os que apresentaram secreção e vacuolização supranuclear glandular de moderada a intensa pertenciam a fase lútea (62 %). Dez animais apresentaram endometrite leve (60 %), moderada (30 %) e acentuada (10 %). O ovário possuía, no córtex, folículos pré-antrais e antrais normais e atrésicos, corpos álbicans, corpos lúteos e, na medular, vasos sangüíneos, rete ovarii e células do hilo. A média do diâmetro das glândulas basais e superficiais foi, respectivamente, de 36,53 8,86 æm e 62,31 10,40 æm. Para as variáveis glândula basal, superficial e epitélio basal houve diferença entre as regiões do útero, enquanto para as variáveis glândulas basal e superficial, lúmen basal e superficial, epitélio basal e superficial e epitélio luminal verificou-se diferença entre os animais dentro de uma ou ambas as fases. Observou-se correlação significativa entre a variável glândula basal e as variáveis lúmen e epitélio basal, entre a glândula superficial com o lúmen e o epitélio superficial, entre o lúmen basal e o epitélio basal...

This study was carried out with the aim of finding and adding more knowledge to the morphological aspects of the feminine reproductive system of buffalo cows, and the modifications that occur in this system during the estrous cycle. There were utilized fragments of uterus, uterine tube, and ovary, and blood from 20 buffalo cows from a commercial slaughterhouse in the city of Lençois Paulista- SP- Brazil. The fragments were fixed in Karnovsky, then embedded in resin and paraffin, and stained with HE, AT, PAS, and Masson trichrom. A general histological evaluation of the tissues was made, and a morphometric analysis of the uterus and uterine tube as well. The animals that showed, in endometrium, vascularization and glandular mitoses of moderate to intensive degree, and stromal edema of moderate to intensive degree, were classified in the follicular (38%) phase, and those that presented glandular secretion and supranuclear vacuolation of the glandular epithelial cells belonged in the luteal phase (62%). Ten animals presented endometritis slight (60%), moderate (30%), and high (10%). The ovary possessed, on the cortex, normal and atretic preantral and antral follicles, corpus albicans, corpus luteum, and in the medullar, blood vessels, rete ovarii, and hilus cells. The average diameter of the basal and superficial glands was, respectively, 36.53 m 8.86, and 62.31 m 10.40. For the variables basal and superficial glands, and basal epithelial, there were differences among the regions of the uterus, whereas for the variable basal and superficial glands, basal and superficial lumen, basal and superficial epithelium, and lumen epithelium, there was observed differences among the animals within one or both the two phases. There was also observed significant correlation between variable basal gland and the variable basal lumen and basal epithelium, between the...