Effects of tadalafil to prevent injury on corpus cavernosum after vascular or nervous peri-prostatic bundle injury. Experimental model in rats

Purpose:To evaluate the effects of tadalafil (TD) in preventing histological alterations of the corpus cavernosum caused by isolated lesions of cavernous nerve (ILCN) and artery (ILCA) in rats.Methods:Fifty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned in five groups: G1: control; G2: bilateral ILCN; G3: bilateral ILCA; G4: ILCN+TD; G5: ILCA+TD. The cavernous bodies were submitted to histomorphometry, immunohistochemistry and biochemical analysis.Results:Nerve density was significantly higher in G2 and G4 compared to control (22.62±2.84 and 19.53±3.47 vs. 15.72±1.82; respectively, p<0.05). Smooth muscle density was significantly lower in G2 and G3 in comparison to G1 (12.87±1.90 and 18.93±1.51 vs. 21.78±1.81, respectively; p<0.05). A significant decrease in the sinusoidal lumen area was observed in G2 compared to controls (5.01±1.62 vs. 9.88±3.66, respectively; p<0.05) and the blood vessel density was increased in G2 and G3 (29.32±4.13 e 20.80±2.47 vs. 10.13±2.71, p<0.05). Collagen density was higher in G3 compared to G1 (93.76±15.81 vs. 64.59±19.25; p<0.05).Conclusions:Histomorphometric alterations caused by ILCN were more intense than those produced by vascular injury, but the collagen analyses showed more fibrosis in animals with ILCA. TD was effective in preventing the majority of the alterations induced by the periprostatic bundle injury.(AU)

Effect of co-administration of BRL-37344 and tadalafil on reduction of overactive bladder symptoms after induction of detrusor overactivity in mice

Purpose:To evaluate the impact of the combination of BRL 37344 and tadalafil (TDF) on the reduction of overactive bladder (OB) symptoms.Methods:Thirty mice were randomized into 5 groups (G) of 6 animals each. L-NAME was used to induce DO. G1: Control; G2: L-NAME; G3: L-NAME + TDF; G4: L-NAME + BRL 37344; G5: L-NAME + TDF + BRL 37344. After 30 days of treatment, the animals were submitted to cystometry to evaluate non-voiding contractions (NVC), threshold pressure (TP), baseline pressure (BP), frequency of micturition (FM) and threshold volume (TV). Differences between the groups were analyzed with ANOVA followed by the Tukey test.Results:NVC increased in G2 (4.33±2.58) in relation to G1 (1.50±0.55). NVC decreased in G3 (2.00±1.10), G4 (1.50±1.52) and G5 (2.00±1.26) compared to G2 (p<0.05). FM decreased in G3 (0.97±0.71), G4 (0.92±0.38) and G5 (1.05±0.44) compared to G2 (p<0.05). However, the combination of TDF and BRL37344 was not more effective at increasing NVC and improving FM than either drug alone. The five groups did not differ significantly with regard to TV.Conclusion:The combination of BRL 37344 and TDF produced no measurable additive effect on reduction of OB symptoms.(AU)

Oxidative stress assessment in intestine of newborn rats submitted to hypoxia and reoxygenation with tadalafil

Purpose: To evaluate the functional and structural response of tadalafil effects in the intestinal mucosa, using an experimental model of hypoxia and reoxygenation injury in rats. Methods: The animals were divided into 4 groups: CTL, H/R, H/R+Td and M+Td. The newborn rats allocated in groups H/R, H/R+Td and M+Td were submitted twice a day, to a gas chamber with CO2 at 100% for 10 minutes and afterward reoxygenation with O2 at 98% for 10 minutes, in the three first days of life. Tadalafil dose was given to newborn of group H/R+Td and to the pregnant rat of group M+Td. Histological analysis was made with hematoxylin-eosin technique and oxidative stress through nitrite and nitrate levels and lipid peroxidation. Results: The histological analysis showed a reduction of mucosa alterations in the groups that received tadalafil. In the oxidative stress evaluation, occurred an increase of NO levels and less lipidic peroxidation in the ileum segments that received tadalafil. Conclusion: Tadalafil provides tissue protection when administered independently to both, pregnant or newborns.(AU)

Tadalafil protector effect during ischemia-reperfusion in rats

Purpose: To evaluate histological parameters in rat renal tissue after tadalafil use during hot ischemia for 45 minutes and reperfusion for 24 hours. Methods: Twenty rats were divided into 2 groups. In the experimental group 10 mg/kg of tadalafil was used per gavage before the procedure. All cases underwent left partial nephrectomy, followed by 45 minutes of warm ischemia. Left nephrectomy of the remaining kidney was performed after 24 hours from the initial procedure. The histological parameters analyzed were: detachment of tubular cells, accumulation of desquamated cells in the proximal tubule, loss of brush border, tubular cylinders, interstitial edema, leukocyte infiltration, capillary congestion, vacuolization, tubular dilatation, necrosis and collapse of the capillary tuft. Results: Two rats from each group died and were excluded from the study. Tadalafil significantly reduced leukocyte infiltration (p = 0.036). The remaining histological parameters did not show statistical difference between the groups. Conclusion: The use of tadalafil during warm ischemia and reperfusion demonstrates statistically significant reduction of leukocyte infiltration in the renal interstitium.(AU)

The renoprotective effect of oral Tadalafil pretreatment on ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of tadalafil in renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats Methods: Group I/R saline rats (n=6) were subjected to 45 minutes of left renal ischemia and treated with saline; the I/R tadalafil rats (n=6) received oral 10mg/kg tadalafil microemulsion one hour before ischemia. In both groups, 8 hours after ischemia, laboratory analysis were performed Results: Better tissue perfusion was lower in ischemic left/kidney than in right/kidney in saline group, suggesting reduced kidney clearance. Fluorescence in left/kidneys of tadalafil treated rats was lower than in right/kidneys (difference not significant). The fluorescence signal intensity in kidneys of tadafil treated rats was higher than in saline rats. TNF- levels were significantly lower in I/R tadalafil group rats compared to I/R saline group (154±10.3 vs 391.3±12.3), as well as IL-1 (163.4±13.2 vs 279±11.5pg/dL), and IL-6 (122.9±8.1 vs 173.7±6.3 respectively; p=0.0001). Urea, creatinine and C-reactive protein were significantly lower in tadafil treated rats then in saline group Conclusion: Tadalafil therapy decreased the expression of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines in a renal I/R rodent model, while improving kidney function proofs.(AU)

EFEITOS DO INIBIDOR DE FOSFODIESTERASE-5 (Tadalafil) EM REGENERAÇÃO TESTICULAR APÓS ESTRESSE TÉRMICO.

Drogas inibidoras das PDE's tem sido utilizada para tratamento da disfunção erétil, porém seu potencial terapeutico ainda é desconhecido e pouco explorado, dentre elas o Tadalafil, seu uso diário foi investigado em ensaios clínicos e demonstrado ser uma terapia capaz de inibir cadeias inflamatórias, a análise do calor aplicado diretamente sobre o testículo tem fornecido novas informações sobre os mecanismos desencadeadores da inflamação e dos possíveis danos do calor aos tecidos. O objetido deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do tadalafil na recuperação do parênquima testicular de ratos Wistar machos, submetidos ao estresse térmico testicular, para tal foram utilizados 54 ratos, Wistar. Distribuídos aleatoriamente em 3 grupos, onde grupo controle sofreu injúria térmica e tratado com solução salina intraperitoneal e os grupo tratados com tadalafil em dose diária intraperitoneal de 0.9 mg/kg-1 e 1.8 mg/kg-1. Estes animais foram submetidos a mesma condição experimental, esubmetidos aos procedimentos de eutanásia e perfundidos intraperiotenalmente. Foram dosados estresse oxidativo de Fígado e Baço, A citocinas IL-6 e TNF- de técido esplênico, níveis de testosterona plasmático e analise histopatológica dos testículos. O peso corporal ou testicular não foi influenciado pela administração de tadalafil, no entando foi eficaz na redução nos níveis de testosterona plasmático em todos os dias avaliados, responsável também por inibir formação de NO no fíagado e baço. O Tadalafil em doses baixas exerceu efeito anti-inflamatório sobre os níveis de TNF- (diminuindo) e IL-6 (aumento) no parênquima esplênico durente o período experimental. O Tadalafil retardou as lesões provocadas pelo estresse térmico no grupo de 7 dias com as duas doses aplicadas, e 15 dias com dose de 0.9 m/kg pós-estresse no parênquima testicular de ratos, evidenciadas sobre análise histopatológica. Sendo Efizaz e promissor fármaco, principalmente em lesões agudas, necessitando de mais estudos para comprovação e melhor compreensão.

PDE inhibitors have been used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction, but their therapeutic potential is still unknown and little explored, among them Tadalafil, its daily use has been investigated in clinical trials and demonstrated to be a therapy capable of inhibiting inflammatory chains, the analysis of the heat applied directly to the testis has provided new information on the triggering mechanisms of inflammation and possible heat damage to tissues. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of tadalafil on the recovery of the testicular parenchyma of male Wistar rats, submitted to testicular thermal stress, for which 54 Wistar rats were used. Randomly distributed in 3 groups, where the control group suffered thermal insult and treated with intraperitoneal saline and the group treated with tadalafil at a daily intraperitoneal dose of 0.9 mg / kg-1 and 1.8 mg / kg-1. These animals were submitted to the same experimental condition, submitted to euthanasia procedures and perfused intraperitoneally. Oxidative stress of liver and spleen, cytokines IL-6 and TNF- of splenic acid, plasma testosterone levels and histopathological analysis of the testis were measured. Body or testicular weight was not influenced by the administration of tadalafil, but was effective in reducing plasma testosterone levels on all evaluated days, also responsible for inhibiting the formation of NO in the liver and spleen. Low-dose Tadalafil exerted an anti-inflammatory effect on the levels of TNF- (decreasing) and IL-6 (increase) in the splenic parenchyma during the experimental period. Tadalafil delayed the thermal stress lesions in the 7-day group with the two doses applied, and 15 days with a dose of 0.9 m / kg post-stress in the testicular parenchyma of rats, evidenced on histopathological analysis.

Avaliação dos Efeitos do Tadalafil Sobre a Função Testicular de Camundongos

Tadalafil é um inibidor de fosfodiesterases (PDE) do tipo 5 (PDE5) que foi formulado para tratamento de disfunção erétil, contudo, até o presente momento, as informações são conflitantes quanto aos efeitos colaterais destes inibidores sobre o função testicular. Para estudar os efeitos do tafalafil sobre a função testicular. Foi realizado estudo in vivo, utilizando 15 camundongos Swiss Webster (Mus musculus), machos, adultos. Os animais foram divididos em grupo controle (n=8) e grupo tratado (n=7). Os animais do grupo tradado receberam 25mg/kg de tadalafil diariamente durante 30 dias, pela via intraperitoneal (IP) enquanto os animais do grupo controle receberam solução para injeção estéril pela mesma via. Ao final do período experimental, os animais foram heparinizados, anestesiados com Xilazina e Ketamina e submetidos à eutanásia por aprofundamento anestésico. Fígado, baço, rins, próstata, vesícula seminal, epidídimos e testículos foram coletados e pesados para comparação entre grupos, fragmentos de testículo foram fixados com glutaraldeído em tampão fosfato de sódio, 0,01M e pH 7,4. Os fragmentos testiculares foram processados rotineiramente para inclusão em resina plástica à base de glicol metacrilato e analisados através de Histomorfometria e Microscopia Eletrônica. A testosterona plasmática foi determinada através de teste de ELISA após punção cárdiaca e obtenção de sangue total. De acordo com os resultados, o tadalafil na dosagem e período utilizados, não produziu efeitos deletérios sobre o parênquima testicular, apenas na microscopia eletrônica demonstrou-se uma maior atividade das células de Leydig no grupo tratado quando comparado ao grupo controle, onde observou-se mitocôndrias degeneradas por provável hiper estimulação. Além disso, constatou-se tendência de aumento de 23% na produção espermática nos animais tratados e 12% na testosterona sérica. Portanto, os resultados demonstraram que o tadalafil não interfere negativamente sobre na função testicular quando utilizado por 30 dias em dose única de 25mg/Kg a cada 24 horas