Human T lymphotropic
virus type 1 (
HTLV-1) is the etiological agent of
HTLV-1-associated myelopathy, and
adult T cell lymphoma/
leukemia (ATL/L). Pulmonary
complications such as alveolitis and
bronchiectasis were found in individuals
who develop TSP/HAM due to chronic
inflammation. These individuals showed image anomalies in CT scans and changes in pulmonary function
parameters distinctive of
pulmonary disease. Furthermore, infected individuals have a greater susceptibility to
pulmonary tuberculosis either due to changes in the
innate immune response, in asymptomatic carriers, or to an opportunistic
disease linked to immunodepression, in individuals
who develop ATL/L. This summary
addresses the general lack of
knowledge regarding the relationship between
HTLV-1 and
pulmonary diseases and provides direction for
future work.