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1.
Lancet Healthy Longev ; 5(3): e214-e226, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38432249

RESUMO

Both frailty (reduced physiological reserve) and social vulnerability (scarcity of adequate social connections, support, or interaction) become more common as people age and are associated with adverse consequences. Analyses of the relationships between these constructs can be limited by the wide range of measures used to assess them. In this systematic review, we synthesised 130 observational studies assessing the association between frailty and social vulnerability, the bidirectional longitudinal relationships between constructs, and their joint associations with adverse health outcomes. Frailty, across assessment type, was associated with increased loneliness and social isolation, perceived inadequacy of social support, and reduced social participation. Each of these social vulnerability components was also associated with more rapid progression of frailty and lower odds of improvement compared with the absence of that social vulnerability component (eg, more rapid frailty progression in people with social isolation vs those who were not socially isolated). Combinations of frailty and social vulnerability were associated with increased mortality, decline in physical function, and cognitive impairment. Clinical and public health measures targeting frailty or social vulnerability should, therefore, account for both frailty and social vulnerability.


Assuntos
Disfunção Cognitiva , Fragilidade , Humanos , Vulnerabilidade Social , Solidão , Saúde Pública
2.
Crit Care Clin ; 40(2): 429-450, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38432704

RESUMO

Recent research has brought renewed attention to the multifaceted physical and cognitive dysfunction that accompanies acute respiratory failure (ARF). This state-of-the-art review provides an overview of the evidence landscape encompassing ARF-associated neuromuscular and neurocognitive impairments. Risk factors, mechanisms, assessment tools, rehabilitation strategies, approaches to ventilator liberation, and interventions to minimize post-intensive care syndrome are emphasized. The complex interrelationship between physical disability, cognitive dysfunction, and long-term patient-centered outcomes is explored. This review highlights the need for comprehensive, multidisciplinary approaches to mitigate morbidity and accelerate recovery.


Assuntos
Disfunção Cognitiva , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório , Insuficiência Respiratória , Humanos , Disfunção Cognitiva/etiologia , Disfunção Cognitiva/terapia , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório/terapia , Fatores de Risco , Insuficiência Respiratória/etiologia , Insuficiência Respiratória/terapia
3.
J Sch Psychol ; 103: 101291, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38432734

RESUMO

This study explored mental health profiles in Australian school students using indicators of well-being (i.e., optimism, life satisfaction, and happiness) and psychological distress (i.e., sadness and worries). The sample included 75,757 students (ages 8-18 years) who completed the 2019 South Australian Wellbeing and Engagement Collection. Latent profile analysis identified five mental health profiles consisting of (a) complete mental health (23%), (b) good mental health (33%), (c) moderate mental health (27%), (d) symptomatic but content (9%), and (e) troubled (8%). Findings provide partial support for the dual-factor model of mental health. Distal outcomes analysis on a sub-set of students (n = 24,466) found students with a symptomatic but content, moderate mental health, or troubled profile had poorer academic achievement than students with complete mental health. Implications for schools and education systems are discussed, including the need to pair clinical supports for students with psychological distress with population-level preventative health approaches to build psychological well-being.


Assuntos
Sucesso Acadêmico , Humanos , Saúde Mental , Austrália , Escolaridade , Estudantes
4.
J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs ; 37(2): e12457, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38433114

RESUMO

TOPIC: The COVID-19 pandemic affected adolescents' physical and psychological health. There must be specific services to cater to the needs of adolescents during COVID-19 in Indonesia. Lessons learned from previous pandemics will be beneficial for nurses and other health professionals to prepare services for future pandemics. PURPOSE: This mixed-method study aimed to examine 459 Indonesian adolescents' health, literacy, preventive measures, and preferred health services during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study also examines sociodemographics, respondent characteristics, health information sources, and media choices. RESULTS: A total of 47.5% of adolescents knew about COVID-19, 26.8% experienced physical health changes, and 61.7% considered wearing masks. Adolescent health information came from teachers (26.6%) and the Internet (32.9%). Psychological changes showed 67.8% irritation. Indonesians preferred online counseling (53.8%) and WhatsApp (45.8%) for pandemic health services. COVID-19 literacy did not affect physical or mental health (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Most adolescents reported mental and physical health changes during COVID-19. Our data suggest that adolescents' strong COVID-19 knowledge did not prevent anxiety and other psychological difficulties. The longitudinal studies could be utilized if pandemic demands social and physical distance. The government, as well as nurses, might utilize WhatsApp-based remote online treatment for health services.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Pandemias , População do Sudeste Asiático , Adolescente , Humanos , Indonésia/epidemiologia , Saúde do Adolescente , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Serviços de Saúde
5.
Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil ; 30(1): 59-73, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38433736

RESUMO

Background: There is a lack of consumer-friendly tools to empower and support people living with spinal cord injury (SCI) to self-manage complex health needs in community. This article describes the co-design process of the new SCI Health Maintenance Tool (SCI-HMT). Methods: Co-design of the SCI-HMT using a mixed-methods approach included a rapid review, e-Delphi surveys with range of multidisciplinary health care professionals (n = 62), interviews of participants with SCI (n = 18) and general practitioners (n = 4), focus groups (n = 3 with 7, 4, and 4 participants with SCI, respectively), design workshops with stakeholders (n = 11, 8), and end-user testing (n = 41). Results: The SCI-HMT (healthmaintenancetool.com) was developed based on participatory research with data synthesis from multiple sources. Five priority health maintenance issues for bladder, bowel, skin, pain, and autonomic dysreflexia were originally covered. Best practice recommendations, red flag conditions, referrals, and clinical pathways were agreed on through an e-Delphi technique. Qualitative analysis identified six broad key concepts for self-management, including early symptom recognition, role of SCI peers, knowledge sharing with primary care, general practitioners as gatekeepers, and shared decision-making and highlighted a need to place much stronger emphasis on mental health and well-being. Design workshops and end-user testing provided key insights about user experience, functionality, and content for the SCI-HMT. Conclusion: The co-design process engaging end users, including people with SCI and general practitioners, enabled a shared understanding of the problem and identification of important needs and how to meet them. Informed by this process, the SCI-HMT is a freely accessible resource supporting SCI self-management, shared decision-making, and early problem identification.


Assuntos
Disreflexia Autonômica , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal , Humanos , Pessoal de Saúde , Saúde Mental , Dor
6.
Front Public Health ; 12: 1333820, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38435298

RESUMO

Introduction: Emergency medical rescue plays a vital role in alleviating the harm of all kinds of emergencies to people's physical and mental health and life safety. The current emergency medical teams (EMTs) formation model is not unified. We focused on the disadvantages of the bricolage mode of China EMTs and put forward empirical-based countermeasures to improve the emergency management ability of EMTs. Methods: From March to September 2022, 23 leaders of EMTs in North China (Tianjin) were selected by objective sampling method to conduct one-to-half structured in-depth interviews. Nvivo12.0 software was used for three-level coding. The disadvantages of the bricolage model of EMT were analyzed. Results: Based on the three-level coding, 150 initial concepts, 36 sub-coding, 17 main coding, six categories, and two core categories were sorted out. Management structure, internal stability, and support are recognized as the crucial elements armed with the EMTs. Discussion: The bricolage EMTs have disadvantages such as a chaotic management structure, weak internal stability, and inadequate support. It is necessary to construct full-time EMTs that incorporate a standardized personnel admission mechanism, full-time training and exercise mechanism, diversified incentive mechanism, and multi-agent cooperation mechanism, etc.


Assuntos
Exercício Físico , Hospitalização , Humanos , Pesquisa Qualitativa , China , Saúde Mental
7.
PeerJ ; 12: e17021, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38436000

RESUMO

Identifying forest types is vital for evaluating the ecological, economic, and social benefits provided by forests, and for protecting, managing, and sustaining them. Although traditionally based on expert observation, recent developments have increased the use of technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI). The use of advanced methods such as deep learning will make forest species recognition faster and easier. In this study, the deep network models RestNet18, GoogLeNet, VGG19, Inceptionv3, MobileNetv2, DenseNet201, InceptionResNetv2, EfficientNet and ShuffleNet, which were pre-trained with ImageNet dataset, were adapted to a new dataset. In this adaptation, transfer learning method is used. These models have different architectures that allow a wide range of performance evaluation. The performance of the model was evaluated by accuracy, recall, precision, F1-score, specificity and Matthews correlation coefficient. ShuffleNet was proposed as a lightweight network model that achieves high performance with low computational power and resource requirements. This model was an efficient model with an accuracy close to other models with customisation. This study reveals that deep network models are an effective tool in the field of forest species recognition. This study makes an important contribution to the conservation and management of forests.


Assuntos
Inteligência Artificial , Madeira , Florestas , Rememoração Mental , Aprendizado de Máquina
8.
9.
J Christ Nurs ; 41(2): 73, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38436332

Assuntos
Saúde Mental , Humanos
10.
WMJ ; 123(1): 39-42, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38436638

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The goal of this study is to describe the change in utilization of mental health services by trainees at a private medical college in Wisconsin after specific interventions were instituted by the administration. METHODS: Multiphase interventions designed to increase access to care were instituted at the student behavioral health clinic. These interventions were based on the findings of online wellness surveys distributed to the Medical College of Wisconsin during the 2016-2017 school year. The authors collected annual utilization reports of student use of mental health services at the Medical College of Wisconsin and plotted them along a timeline of specific administrative interventions. RESULTS: Since the 2016-2017 academic year, medical students have used an average of 1274 mental health service visits per year compared to 637 visits annually during the academic years 2010-2011 through 2015-2016. The number of mental health visits increased significantly during 2016-2017 versus the average number of visits in previous years (P < 001; Cohen's d = 4.39). DISCUSSION: Similar to results shown worldwide, medical students in Wisconsin experience diminished mental health relative to their nonmedical peers. Recommendations have been made to provide additional administrative support to provide increased mental health resources to medical trainees. The findings in this report imply that incorporation of recommendations from the stakeholder medical trainees may be a key feature in the successful design and implementation of these supports.


Assuntos
Serviços de Saúde Mental , Humanos , Wisconsin , Universidades , Saúde Mental , Instituições Acadêmicas
11.
Psychol Aging ; 39(2): 153-165, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38436655

RESUMO

The way older adults perceive their own aging processes influences their mental health, but we know little about how this occurs in a dyadic context, where spouses' perceptions and health are often intertwined. The present study sought to identify dyadic profiles of self-perceptions of aging (SPAs) in couples and examine how certain profiles are associated with each partner's mental health over time. A pooled sample of 3,850 heterosexual couples aged 50+ in the Health and Retirement Study (2012/2014) rated positive and negative SPAs and provided data on demographic characteristics, couple relationships, and health. We tracked these couples' depressive symptoms over 2 years (2014/2016). Latent profile analysis revealed five profiles of couples' SPAs: similarly positive (20%), similarly negative (6%), similarly average (38%), husband negative (20%), and wife negative (17%). Physical health and marital quality consistently differentiated couples in profile membership. Couples with similarly positive and similarly average SPAs reported the smallest increases in depressive symptoms over time, and couples with similarly negative SPAs fared worst in mental health. We observed interesting gender differences across profiles; husbands in the husband negative profile reported significantly greater increases in depressive symptoms than those in the wife negative profile. Yet, wives in these two profiles did not differ in their depressive symptoms over time, and they reported worse mental health than wives in the similarly positive and similarly average profiles. This study adds to the emerging literature that advocates for an interpersonal approach to SPAs and reveals risk and resilience in couples as they age together. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).


Assuntos
Envelhecimento , Resiliência Psicológica , Humanos , Idoso , Saúde Mental , Aposentadoria , Autoimagem
12.
Skin Res Technol ; 30(3): e13616, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38424730

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the life, sleep quality and anxiety of rosacea patients in Yunnan and the improvement of these aspects after treatment. METHODS: A total of 141 patients with rosacea and 123 healthy controls were included in our study. The quality of life, sleep quality and anxiety of patients with rosacea and healthy controls were investigated by the Rosacea Severity Scores (RSSs), the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). The quality of life, sleep quality and anxiety of patients with rosacea were assessed again after treatment. RESULTS: Compared with healthy controls, patients with rosacea had significantly lower physical component scores (PCS) and mental component scores (MCS) but higher PSQI and SAS scores. After treatment, rosacea patients showed significantly higher MCS but lower PSQI and SAS scores. Correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between PCS, MCS, PSQI, SAS and RSSs. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with rosacea have a lower quality of life and sleep quality and tend to be more anxious than healthy controls. In addition, the mental quality of life, sleep quality and anxiety of rosacea patients can be significantly improved after treatment. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to the psychological status of rosacea patients. Psychological counseling and intervention are necessary to better prevent and treat rosacea.


Assuntos
Qualidade de Vida , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília , Humanos , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Qualidade do Sono , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/psicologia , China/epidemiologia , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Ansiedade/psicologia , Sono
15.
Bone Joint J ; 106-B(2): 166-173, 2024 Feb 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38425298

RESUMO

Aims: The primary aim was to assess change in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients as they waited from six to 12 months for a total hip (THA) or total or partial knee arthroplasty (KA). Secondary aims were to assess change in joint-specific function, mental health, quality of sleep, number living in a state worse than death (WTD), wellbeing, and patient satisfaction with their healthcare. Methods: This prospective study included 142 patients awaiting a THA (mean age 66.7 years (SD 11.4); 71 female) and 214 patients awaiting KA (mean age 69.7 years (SD 8.7); 117 female). Patients completed questionnaires (EuroQol five-dimension health questionnaire (EQ-5D), Oxford Hip and Knee Scores (OHS/OKS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score (HADS), University of California, Los Angeles Activity Scale, wellbeing assessment, and satisfaction with their healthcare) at six and 12 months while awaiting surgery. Results: There was a clinical and statistically significant deterioration in the EQ-5D while awaiting THA (mean change 0.071 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.018 to 0.124); p = 0.009) and KA (mean change 0.069 (95% CI 0.032 to 0.106); p < 0.001). For patients awaiting a THA, there were deteriorations in OHS (p = 0.003), PSQI (p = 0.008), both HADS depression (p = 0.001) and anxiety (p = 0.002), and an increased prevalence in those in a state WTD (p = 0.010). For those awaiting KA, there were significant deteriorations in OKS (p < 0.001), UCLA (p = 0.001), and HADS depression (p < 0.001) and anxiety (p < 0.001). There were significant decreases in wellbeing (satisfaction with life, feeling life to be worthwhile, and happiness) and increases in anxiety for those awaiting THA or KA (p < 0.001). Those awaiting THA (odds ratio (OR) 0.52 (95% CI 0.31 to 0.89); p = 0.016) and KA (OR 0.46 (95% CI 0.31 to 0.71); p < 0.001) had a significant decrease in satisfaction with their healthcare. Conclusion: As patients waited from six to 12 months for THA or KA, they experienced a clinically significant deterioration in HRQoL. There were also deteriorations in joint-specific function, mental health, wellbeing, and patient satisfaction with healthcare.


Assuntos
Artroplastia de Quadril , Artroplastia do Joelho , Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Artroplastia do Joelho/psicologia , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Artroplastia de Quadril/psicologia , Articulação do Joelho
16.
Salud Colect ; 20: e4663, 2024 Feb 29.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38427326

RESUMO

The aim was to understand the way of life and self-care practices in mental health among adult male farmers living in a municipality in the Risaralda department, located in the coffee axis of Colombia, marked by a high incidence of suicides. An ethnographic study was conducted between March and December 2021, employing a combination of methods including interviews, participant observation, document review, and field diaries. Economic and social aspects undergoing transformations were identified, impacting gender roles, family dynamics, and caregiving possibilities for these men. By observing how men discuss their suffering and the resources available to address it, it can be concluded that mental health practices function more as self-care resources, while health services often provide symptom-based care, neglecting attentive listening. These findings are valuable for shaping services and life care strategies that align with the conditions of rural men in Colombia.


El objetivo fue conocer el modo de vida y las prácticas de autocuidado en salud mental de los hombres adultos campesinos, que viven en un municipio del departamento de Risaralda en el eje cafetero de Colombia con alta incidencia de suicidios. Entre marzo y diciembre de 2021, se realizó un estudio etnográfico, haciendo uso de una combinación de métodos: entrevistas, observación participante, revisión documental y diario de campo. Se identificaron aspectos económicos y sociales cuyas transformaciones han afectado los roles de género, las dinámicas familiares y las posibilidades de cuidado para los hombres. Al observar cómo los hombres hablan de su sufrimiento y de los recursos con que cuentan para atenderlo, puede concluirse que las prácticas de salud mental se encuentran más bien como recursos de autoatención y los servicios de salud ofrecen atención basada en síntomas del cuerpo, de modo que abandonan la escucha. Estos hallazgos son útiles para pensar servicios y estrategias de cuidado de la vida que se adapten a las condiciones de hombres campesinos en Colombia.


Assuntos
Café , Suicídio , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Colômbia , Saúde Mental , Suicídio/psicologia , Antropologia Cultural
17.
PLoS One ; 19(3): e0294974, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38427674

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Antipsychotic medication is increasingly prescribed to patients with serious mental illness. Patients with serious mental illness often have cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities, and antipsychotics independently increase the risk of cardiometabolic disease. Despite this, many patients prescribed antipsychotics are discharged to primary care without planned psychiatric review. We explore perceptions of healthcare professionals and managers/directors of policy regarding reasons for increasing prevalence and management of antipsychotics in primary care. METHODS: Qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with 11 general practitioners (GPs), 8 psychiatrists, and 11 managers/directors of policy in the United Kingdom. Data was analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Respondents reported competency gaps that impaired ability to manage patients prescribed antipsychotic medications, arising from inadequate postgraduate training and professional development. GPs lacked confidence to manage antipsychotic medications alone; psychiatrists lacked skills to address cardiometabolic risks and did not perceive this as their role. Communication barriers, lack of integrated care records, limited psychology provision, lowered expectation towards patients with serious mental illness by professionals, and pressure to discharge from hospital resulted in patients in primary care becoming 'trapped' on antipsychotics, inhibiting opportunities to deprescribe. Organisational and contractual barriers between services exacerbate this risk, with socioeconomic deprivation and lack of access to non-pharmacological interventions driving overprescribing. Professionals voiced fears of censure if a catastrophic event occurred after stopping an antipsychotic. Facilitators to overcome these barriers were suggested. CONCLUSIONS: People prescribed antipsychotics experience a fragmented health system and suboptimal care. Several interventions could be taken to improve care for this population, but inadequate availability of non-pharmacological interventions and socioeconomic factors increasing mental distress need policy change to improve outcomes. The role of professionals' fear of medicolegal or regulatory censure inhibiting antipsychotic deprescribing was a new finding in this study.


Assuntos
Antipsicóticos , Clínicos Gerais , Humanos , Antipsicóticos/uso terapêutico , Pessoal Administrativo , Reino Unido/epidemiologia , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Atenção à Saúde
18.
PLoS One ; 19(3): e0299225, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38427682

RESUMO

In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to I) investigate the dual-factor model of mental health by forming and describing four participant groups and II) examine associations between mental health status and background factors, school-related factors, stress, and resilience among adolescents in a community population in Sweden. Data were collected through a survey completed by 2,208 students in lower and upper secondary school on the Swedish island of Gotland. After missing data were removed, a total of 1,833 participants were included in the study. The survey included the Mental Health Continuum Short Form (MHC-SF) for the assessment of mental well-being and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for the assessment of mental health problems. These two measures were combined into a dual-factor model, forming four mental health status subgroups: Vulnerable (47.5%), Complete mental health (36.2%), Troubled (13.9%), and Symptomatic but content (2.5%). Associations between these groups were explored regarding background factors, school-related factors, stress, and resilience through chi-squared tests and logistic regressions. Girls (OR: 1.88) and participants with high stress levels (OR: 2.23) had elevated odds for Vulnerable mental health status, whereas higher resilience (OR: 0.87) and subjective social status in school (OR: 0.76) were factors associated with reduced odds for this mental health status classification. Female gender (OR: 5.02) was also associated with Troubled mental health status. Similarly, a high level of stress (ORs: 4.08 and 11.36) was associated with Symptomatic but content and Troubled mental health status, and participants with higher levels of resilience had decreased odds for being classified into these groups (ORs: 0.88 and 0.81). The findings highlight the importance of interventions to increase resilience, reduce stress, and address stereotypic gender norms as well as social status hierarchies to support adolescents' mental health.


Assuntos
Resiliência Psicológica , Status Social , Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Estudos Transversais , Suécia/epidemiologia , Nível de Saúde
19.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 103(9): e37353, 2024 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38428845

RESUMO

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the clinical nursing pathway (CNP) on the psychological state, treatment adherence, and quality of life in patients with acute urticaria. A total of 240 patients diagnosed with acute urticaria at a tertiary hospital in Shandong Province were retrospectively assigned to either a control group, receiving standard care, or an intervention group, receiving care according to the CNP model. The primary outcomes assessed were levels of anxiety, depression, quality of life, and patient compliance. Statistical analyses were employed to evaluate the outcomes. Following the intervention, significant differences were observed in the anxiety and depression scores (P < .001), with the intervention group demonstrating lower levels of both. The control group's psychological state exhibited significant variance pre- and post-intervention (P < .001), alongside notably reduced overall compliance (P < .01). Post-intervention, patients in the intervention group showed enhanced treatment compliance, with a rapid increase within the first hour and a stable ascent over the following 10 hours, albeit with a marginally greater increase in the CNP group. Beyond 10 hours, the CNP group's compliance gradually declined, with a slight uptick in noncompliance rates. By 14 hours, the control group's overall compliance began to wane, with a sharp decline in full compliance and a rapid rise in noncompliance rates observed after 19 hours. At the 20-hour mark, the control group's noncompliance rate surpassed both the partial and full compliance rates. Conversely, post-20 hours, the CNP group maintained higher rates of full and partial compliance, with a lower noncompliance rate. No significant changes were noted in the control group's physiological or mental state, except in the domains of self-care and social ability, where notable differences were absent pre- and post-intervention. In contrast, the CNP group showed significant improvements in physiological and mental states, self-care, and social abilities post-intervention (P < .001), with noticeable differences in these domains evident 6 hours into the treatment (P < .01), leading to an enhanced quality of life. The CNP-based clinical nursing model intervention significantly benefits patients with acute urticaria by alleviating anxiety and depression, enhancing treatment adherence, and improving overall quality of life.


Assuntos
Cooperação do Paciente , Qualidade de Vida , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Ansiedade/terapia , Transtornos de Ansiedade
20.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 103(9): e37431, 2024 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38428855

RESUMO

This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of high-risk populations toward lung cancer screening in Lanzhou, China. Using convenience sampling, this cross-sectional study enrolled outpatients at high-risk for lung cancer at Lanzhou University Second Hospital between November 2022 and March 2023. An anonymous, self-administered online questionnaire was distributed to each participant via the Sojump website (https://www.wjx.cn/), comprising 40 items to collect demographic information and evaluate KAP toward lung cancer screening. The analyses were descriptive. A total of 577 participants (average age of 61.8 ±â€…7.1 years; 306 males) were included in the study. The participants' scores for KAP were 4.9 ±â€…2.2, 27.4 ±â€…3.0, and 7.0 ±â€…2.1, respectively. Participants with occupational exposure had significantly lower knowledge score (3.3 ±â€…2.4 vs 5.2 ±â€…2.1, P < .001), and practice score (5.6 ±â€…2.4 vs 7.3 ±â€…1.9, P < .001) than those without occupational exposure. Participants with smoking or passive smoking history had significantly higher attitude scores (27.6 ±â€…2.9 vs 25.8 ±â€…3.2, P < .001) and practice scores (7.1 ±â€…2.0 vs 6.5 ±â€…2.5, P = .014) than those without smoking history. A total of 360 (62.4%) participants endorsed the doctors' counseling on lung cancer screening, and 355 (61.5%) participants were willing to have screening for lung cancer as doctors advised. The study revealed that 390 (67.6%) participants identified low-dose computed tomography as the appropriate method for lung cancer screening, while 356 (61.7%) participants believed that X-rays were a reliable screening method for lung cancer. However, 365 (63.3%) participants thought that the treatment outcomes for early and late-diagnosed lung cancer were the same. Additionally, 416 (72.10%) participants believed that annual lung cancer CT scanning is unnecessary. On the other hand, 339 (58.8%) participants expressed concerns about exposure to radiation from CT scans, while 349 (60.5%) participants were worried about the cost of lung cancer screening. Only 142 (24.6%) participants reported having undergone annual lung cancer screening. The high-risk population had limited knowledge and insufficient attitude and practice toward lung cancer screening in Lanzhou, China.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Pulmonares , Masculino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Detecção Precoce de Câncer/psicologia , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , China/epidemiologia
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