Bridging Culture and Language: Encouraging Bilingual/Multicultural Individuals to Act as Information Navigators for Their Loved-Ones and Communities during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Linguistically diverse communities face barriers to receiving appropriate health information. COVID-19 exacerbated these health-communication inequities. University of Washington researchers surveyed bilingual staff, students, and medical interpreters - desiring training to become effective communicators of COVID-19 information to their social networks and language communities. In response, the COVID-19 Information Navigator Training was developed and pre-tested with professional networks and members of the target audience. The final training comprised three interactive modules and short quizzes. Evaluation surveys measured Information Navigators' confidence in providing COVID-19 information to their social networks. Surveys included questions on the participants' language or cultural community, the perceived value of the training, and their ability to communicate COVID-19 information. Among 393 participants who enrolled in the training, 284 completed the survey. Significant differences in confidence before and after the course were found in detecting COVID misinformation in the news and social media (pre-course mean: 3.83, post-course mean: 4.63; absolute mean difference was 0.82 points higher in the post-evaluation on the 5-point likert scale, 95% CI: 0.70-0.93, p < .01). Training multicultural volunteers to disseminate information to their social networks is a promising strategy for reaching linguistically diverse communities with up-to-date information during health emergencies.

Honoring the Care Experiences of Chinese Canadian Survivors of Prostate Cancer to Cultivate Cultural Safety and Relationality in Digital Health: Exploratory-Descriptive Qualitative Study.

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed nonskin cancer for Canadian men and has one of the highest 5-year survival rates, straining systems to provide care. Virtual care can be one way to relieve this strain, but survivors' care needs and technology use are influenced by intersecting social and cultural structures. Cultural adaptation has been posited as an effective method to tailor existing interventions to better serve racialized communities, including Chinese men. However, cultural adaptations may inadvertently draw attention away from addressing structural inequities. OBJECTIVE: This study used qualitative methods to (1) explore the perceptions and experiences of Chinese Canadian PCa survivors with follow-up and virtual care, and (2) identify implications for the cultural adaptation of a PCa follow-up care app, the Ned (no evidence of disease) Clinic. METHODS: An axiology of relational accountability and a relational paradigm underpinned our phenomenologically informed exploratory-descriptive qualitative study design. A community-based participatory approach was used, informed by cultural safety and user-centered design principles, to invite Chinese Canadian PCa survivors and their caregivers to share their stories. Data were inductively analyzed to explore their unmet needs, common experiences, and levels of digital literacy. RESULTS: Unmet needs and technology preferences were similar to broader trends within the wider community of PCa survivors. However, participants indicated that they felt uncomfortable, unable to, or ignored when expressing their needs. Responses spoke to a sense of isolation and reflected a reliance on culturally informed coping mechanisms, such as "eating bitterness," and familial assistance to overcome systemic barriers and gaps in care. Moreover, virtual care was viewed as "better than nothing;" it did not change a perceived lack of focus on improving quality of life or care continuity in survivorship care. Systemic changes were identified as likely to be more effective in improving care delivery and well-being rather than the cultural adaptation of Ned for Chinese Canadians. Participants' desires for care reflected accessibility issues that were not culturally specific to Chinese Canadians. CONCLUSIONS: Chinese Canadian survivors are seeking to strengthen their connections in a health care system that provides privacy and accessibility, protects relationality, and promotes transparency, accountability, and responsibility. Designing "trickle-up" adaptations that address structural inequities and emphasize accessibility, relationality, and privacy may be more effective and efficient at improving care than creating cultural adaptations of interventions.

A cross-sectional study exploring equity of access to telehealth in culturally and linguistically diverse communities in a major health service.

Objectives The utilisation of telehealth among culturally and linguistically diverse communities in Australia remains unexplored. We aimed to describe telehealth (telephone and videoconference) utilisation within a major health service and identify sociodemographic factors that may contribute to limited telehealth access. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed using service activity data from four metropolitan hospitals in Queensland, Australia. Outpatient department data (January to December 2021) were examined. These data included patients (N = 153 427) of all ages who had an outpatient appointment within 10 speciality services (i.e. Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Immunology and Psychology) that were the most frequent videoconference users. This study measured telehealth utilisation across the four tertiary hospitals and its association with sociodemographic factors. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were used. Multivariate regression models were adjusted by sex, socioeconomic level and language use. Results Overall, 39% of appointments were delivered through telehealth, with 65% of all reported telehealth services involving a telephone consultation. People who required interpreter services were 66% less likely to use telehealth services (OR adjusted 0.33, 95% CI 0.31-0.36, P P Conclusion There is a gap in Australian telehealth service use for people with culturally diverse backgrounds and limited English proficiency. This study highlights a critical need to determine how people from culturally diverse backgrounds would like to engage with digital care options such as telehealth and the necessary support to enable this.

Desarrollo del inglés oral a través del aprendizaje a distancia y las nuevas tecnologías / Developing oral English through distance learning and new technologies

Fundamento:La enseñanza del idioma inglés constituye una prioridad en la preparación integral de los profesionales de la salud. En las circunstancias actuales la modalidad de educación a distancia es una vía para garantizar la continuidad del proceso docente-educativo en la educación médica superior.Objetivo:Diseñar para su implementación un sistema de tareas docentes que contribuya a desarrollar la habilidad de expresión oral en inglés a través de la educación a distancia en los estudiantes de 2.do año de Medicina.Metodología:Se realizó un estudio experimental en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Holguín durante el período de marzo hasta septiembre de 2021. Se utilizó el método dialéctico materialista como concepción metodológica general de la investigación y se emplearon otros del nivel teórico: análisis y síntesis, inducción-deducción, sistémico-estructural-funcional, histórico-lógico y modelación; empíricos: análisis documental, encuesta, observación de clases, y estadísticos.Resultados:Las principales dificultades estuvieron relacionadas con limitaciones en el tratamiento de la expresión oral en inglés, la insuficiente preparación de los estudiantes en torno a la temática abordada y sus limitaciones en la habilidad de expresión oral en este idioma, por lo que se elaboró un sistema de tareas docentes para solucionar estos aspectos.Conclusiones:Los especialistas valoraron el sistema como adecuado por su estructura y factibilidad de implementación, contribuyó de forma efectiva en la consolidación de la formación cultural y en el plano motivacional. [AU]

Desarrollo del inglés oral a través del aprendizaje a distancia y las nuevas tecnologías / Developing oral English through distance learning and new technologies

Fundamento: La enseñanza del idioma inglés constituye una prioridad en la preparación integral de los profesionales de la salud. En las circunstancias actuales la modalidad de educación a distancia es una vía para garantizar la continuidad del proceso docente-educativo en la educación médica superior. Objetivo: Diseñar para su implementación un sistema de tareas docentes que contribuya a desarrollar la habilidad de expresión oral en inglés a través de la educación a distancia en los estudiantes de 2.do año de Medicina. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio experimental en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Holguín durante el período de marzo hasta septiembre de 2021. Se utilizó el método dialéctico materialista como concepción metodológica general de la investigación y se emplearon otros del nivel teórico: análisis y síntesis, inducción-deducción, sistémico-estructural-funcional, histórico-lógico y modelación; empíricos: análisis documental, encuesta, observación de clases, y estadísticos. Resultados: Las principales dificultades estuvieron relacionadas con limitaciones en el tratamiento de la expresión oral en inglés, la insuficiente preparación de los estudiantes en torno a la temática abordada y sus limitaciones en la habilidad de expresión oral en este idioma, por lo que se elaboró un sistema de tareas docentes para solucionar estos aspectos. Conclusiones: Los especialistas valoraron el sistema como adecuado por su estructura y factibilidad de implementación, contribuyó de forma efectiva en la consolidación de la formación cultural y en el plano motivacional.

Background: English language teaching is a priority in the comprehensive preparation of medical professionals. In the current circumstances, distance education is a way to continue the teaching-learning process in higher medical education. Objective: To design for its implementation a system of learning tasks aimed at developing oral expression skills in English through distance education in 2.nd year medical students. Methodology: It was adopted the materialist dialectical method as the general methodological conception of the research, and other methods, from the theoretical level: analysis and synthesis, induction-deduction, systemic-structural-functional, historical-logical and modeling; empirical: documentary analysis, survey, class observation and statistical procedures. Result: The main difficulties were related to the limitations in the treatment of the oral expression in the English language, insufficient preparation of the students on the analyzed topic and their limited ability to develop oral expression in this language, so a system of learning tasks was developed to solve these aspects. Conclusions: The experts considered the system adequate in terms of its structure and feasibility of implementation, contributing effectively to the consolidation of cultural training and at the motivational level.

Advertising and Psychology: Strategies to Reduce Violence Against Women / Publicidade e Psicologia: Estratégias de Redução da Violência Contra a Mulher / Publicidad y Psicología: Estrategias de Reducción de la Violencia Contra la Mujer

Abstract The COVID-19 exacerbated violence against women. This study evaluated the possible efficacy of using advertising pieces containing the hypocrisy paradigm, the contrast principle, and moral disengagement mechanisms to prevent and reduce violence against women. We conducted two studies which included exclusively men as participants. Study 1 (n=400; M age =21.69; Me=20.00; SD=5.79) used traditional pieces on violence against women, manipulating only their moral disengagement phrases. Results suggest that the phrase combined with traditional images is either ineffective or has a rebound effect. Study 2 (n=303; M age =21.38; Me=20.00; SD=4.94) manipulated the image in Study 1, showing more effective results regarding hostility. However, physical aggression showed no significant differences. Finally, some pieces generated a rebound effect, increasing participants' self-perception of aggression. The use of advertising can act as an ally or an enemy of public policies if their effectiveness lacks proper testing.

Resumo A violência contra mulheres é um problema pandêmico agravado pela COVID-19. Esta pesquisa objetivou verificar a eficácia de peças publicitárias em reduzir a violência contra mulheres por meio do paradigma de hipocrisia, o princípio de contraste e os mecanismos de desengajamento moral. Realizaram-se dois estudos com amostras masculinas. O Estudo 1 (n=400; M idade =21,69; Me=20,00; DP=5,79) utilizou peças tradicionais, manipulando apenas as frases de desengajamento moral. O resultado sugere que a frase combinada com imagens tradicionais são ineficazes ou geram efeito rebote. O Estudo 2 (n=303; M idade =21,38; Me=20,00; DP=4,94) manipulou a imagem e os resultados indicam maior efetividade das peças em relação à hostilidade. Entretanto, a agressão física não demonstrou diferenças significativas. Finalmente, algumas peças geraram efeito rebote, levando ao incremento da autopercepção de agressividade dos participantes. O uso da publicidade pode prejudicar políticas públicas de combate a violência contra mulheres quando sua eficácia não é devidamente testada.

Resumen La violencia contra la mujer es un problema pandémico agravado por el COVID-19. Esta investigación verificó el grado de eficacia de anuncios publicitarios para reducir la violencia contra la mujer utilizando el paradigma de la hipocresía, el principio de contraste y los mecanismos de desconexión moral. Se diseñaron dos estudios con muestras masculinas. El Estudio 1 (n=400; M edad =21,69; Me=20,00; DT=5,79) utilizó anuncios tradicionales, manipulando únicamente las frases de desconexión moral. El resultado sugiere que la frase combinada con imágenes tradicionales es ineficaz o tiene efecto rebote. El Estudio 2 (n=303; M edad =21,38, Me=20,00; DT=4,94) manipuló la imagen, y los resultados indican mayor eficacia respecto a la hostilidad. Pero la agresión física no mostró diferencias significativas. Finalmente, algunos anuncios generaron efecto rebote, incrementando la autopercepción de la agresividad. Así, el uso de la publicidad puede actuar como enemiga de las políticas públicas contra la violencia a la mujer cuando no se comprueba adecuadamente su eficacia.

Promoção da saúde mental de universitários por meio de vídeo educativo: relato de experiência / Promoting the mental health of university students through educational video: experience report

Objetivo: relatar a experiência de graduandos em Enfermagem e Medicina na elaboração e divulgação de um vídeo motivacional como estratégia de promoção da saúde mental de estudantes universitários.Métodos: relato de experiência acerca da construção e divulgação de um vídeo produzido por discentes da Universidade Federal do Piauí, em setembro de 2019, voltado à promoção dobem-estar psicológico e emocional do público-alvo universitário. A temática escolhida englobou a valorização da vida, abordada na campanha "Setembro Amarelo". Realizou-se uma pesquisa na literatura científica sobre as principais demandas psicológicas de universitários, em seguida, foram selecionados seis discentes com histórias de vida inspiradoras e seguiu-se para as etapasde criação do conteúdo, filmagens e divulgação do produto audiovisual.Resultados: os depoimentos trataram sobre as vivências pregressas à entrada na universidade, desafios na graduação, dificuldades financeiras, conquistas e superações. A experiência na construção do vídeo motivacional permitiu contemplar o quão particulares e diversos são os obstáculos e as superações para a formação no ensino superior. Conclusão: a elaboração do vídeo pelos universitários demonstrou-se uma experiência exitosa, pois transmitiu na película exemplos de apoio mútuo entre discentes que compartilham de demandas psicológicas semelhantes, com relatos de desafios e conquistas em prol da formação universitária

Objective: to report the experience of undergraduate students in Nursing and Medicine in the elaboration and dissemination of a motivational video as a strategy to promote the mental health of university students.Methods:this is anexperience report about the construction and dissemination of a video produced by students of the Federal University of Piauí, in September 2019, that aimed at promoting the psychological and emotional well-being of the university target audience. The theme chosen encompassed the valorization of life, addressed in the campaign "Yellow September". The research was carried out in the scientific literature on the main psychological demands of university students, then six students with inspiring life stories were selected and followed by the stages of content creation, filming and dissemination of the audiovisual product. Results: the statements dealt with the experiences before entering the university, challenges in graduation, financial difficulties, achievements and overcoming. The experience in the construction of motivational video allowed us to contemplate how particular and diverse are the obstacles and overcoming for training in higher education. Conclusion: the preparation of the video by the university students proved to bea successful experience because it transmitted in the film examples of mutual support among students who share similar psychological demands, with reports of challenges and achievements in favor of university education.

Tecnologia social e a promoção de práticas de prevenção da violência na adolescência na atenção primária / Social technology and the promotion of adolescent violence prevention practices in primary care

Resumo: Este trabalho insere-se na linha de pesquisa Políticas e Práticas de Educação, Saúde e Enfermagem, nas temáticas da violência e adolescência. Apresenta a produção da Tecnologia Social intitulada "Nunca será só futebol: adolescentes em busca da paz", um filme curta metragem sobre prevenção da violência entre adolescentes. Teve como objetivo geral produzir uma Tecnologia Social para disseminação de ações de prevenção de violência contra adolescentes no cenário da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Os objetivos específicos foram: descrever o perfil socioepidemiológico da violência entre adolescentes no município de Colombo, Paraná e desenvolver uma Tecnologia Social com a participação dos adolescentes, voltada para a prevenção da violência entre este público. Para alcançar o primeiro objetivo específico foi realizado estudo exploratório-descritivo, com dados secundários do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde, sobre notificações de violência no período de 2016 a 2020, registradas no município de Colombo, Paraná, Brasil. A fim de atingir o segundo objetivo específico realizou-se pesquisa qualitativa do tipo pesquisa-ação, junto à comunidade que organiza e participa de um projeto social do terceiro setor - Escolinha de Futebol do União Desportivo Colombo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de diário de campo, oficinas de trabalho com 11 adolescentes participantes da Escolinha e seminários entre pesquisadora e oito organizadoras/es da Escolinha. Resultados mostraram 1.948 notificações de violências contra pessoas de 10 a 19 anos (26,4% dos casos notificados no município), 72,6% das vítimas são do sexo feminino; o principal local de ocorrência foi a residência da vítima, seguido pela escola; as principais ocorrências foram violência física seguida de violência auto infligida; principais agressores foram pai e mãe. A proposta de Tecnologia Social que culminou das oficinas de trabalho e dos seminários foi um filme curta metragem sobre prevenção da violência. O método pesquisa-ação possibilitou a participação ativa e democrática da pesquisadora e comunidade em cada etapa de construção da tecnologia social, estimulou a identificação das situações de violência bem como raciocínio crítico sobre as melhores estratégias para prevenir a violência e promover a cultura da paz. Também permitiu a melhoria do vínculo da pesquisadora com a comunidade e facilitou o desenvolvimento de uma Tecnologia Social com participação direta de adolescentes, comprovando a hipótese de que é possível construir ações de prevenção de violência entre adolescentes com a participação deles. Conclui-se que a parceria entre equipes de Atenção Primária à Saúde e equipamentos sociais é uma ferramenta importante para alcançar grupos com fragilidade de vínculo com o serviço de saúde, como é o caso da população adolescente. Existe potencialidade da Tecnologia Social ser divulgada massivamente nas redes sociais e utilizada por outros serviços para realização de ações voltadas para prevenção da violência e promoção da cultura de paz.

Abstract: This essay is part of the research line Policies and Practices of Education, Health and Nursing, in the themes of violence and adolescence. It presents the production of Social Technology entitled "It will never be just soccer: adolescents in search of peace", a short film about the prevention of violence among adolescents. Its general objective was to produce a Social Technology for the dissemination of actions to prevent violence against adolescents in the Primary Health Care scenario. The specific objectives were: to describe the socio-epidemiological profile of violence among adolescents in the city of Colombo, Paraná, and to develop a Social Technology with the participation of adolescents, aimed at preventing violence among this public. To achieve the first specific objective, an exploratory-descriptive study was carried out, with secondary data from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System, on reports of violence from 2016 to 2020, registered in the city of Colombo, Paraná, Brazil. To achieve the second specific objective, qualitative research was carried out, in the action-research type, with the community that organizes and participates in a social project of the third sector - Escola de Futebol do União Desportivo Colombo. Data were collected through a field diary, workshops with 11 adolescents participating in the soccer school, and seminars between the researcher and eight organizers of the soccer school. Results showed 1.948 reports of violence against people aged 10 to 19 years (26.4% of reported cases in the municipality), 72.6% of victims are female; the main place of occurrence was the victim's residence, followed by the school; the main occurrences were physical violence followed by self-inflicted violence; main aggressors were father and mother. The Social Technology proposal that culminated in the workshops and seminars was a short film about violence prevention. The action research method enabled the active and democratic participation of the researcher and the community in each stage of the construction of social technology, stimulated the identification of situations of violence as well as critical thinking about the best strategies to prevent violence and promote a culture of peace. It also allowed the improvement of the researcher's bond with the community and facilitated the development of Social Technology with the direct participation of adolescents, proving the hypothesis that it is possible to build actions to prevent violence among adolescents with their participation. Between Primary Health Care teams and social facilities is an important tool to reach groups with weak links with the health service, such as the adolescent population. There is potential for Social Technology to be massively disseminated on social networks and used by other services to carry out actions aimed at preventing violence and promoting a culture of peace.

The "therapeutic relationship": emergence, eclipse, and transformations of a social technology / A "relação terapêutica": surgimento, obscurecimento e transformações de uma tecnologia social

Abstract This essay situates the history of "the relationship" as a therapeutic technology within the broader context of changing social relations in the twentieth-century United States. More specifically, it outlines the emergence and subsequent diffusion of practices that aim to cultivate a social bond between therapist and patient that may serve as a psychotherapeutic tool. The article highlights the transformations of this technology as its institutional and epistemic foundations became challenged. Initially conceived as an "artificial" social relation designed to help with "personal adjustment," the therapeutic relationship was soon also deployed by non-experts and became a model for more healthful social relations. More recently, it has been fashioned as collaborative and combined with a range of other methods.

Resumo O artigo identifica a história da "relação terapêutica" como uma tecnologia inserida em um contexto mais amplo de relações sociais marcadas por mudanças nos EUA do século XX. Mais especificamente, sintetiza o surgimento e a subsequente difusão de práticas voltadas para o cultivo do vínculo social entre terapeuta e paciente que podem servir como ferramenta psicoterapêutica. O artigo destaca as transformações dessa tecnologia à medida que passam a ser contestados os alicerces institucionais e epistemológicos da psicoterapia. Em princípio concebida como uma relação social "artificial", criada para colaborar com o "ajuste pessoal", a relação terapêutica não tardou a ser aplicada também por não especialistas e se tornou um modelo para relações sociais mais saudáveis. Nos últimos tempos, passou a figurar como prática colaborativa e a ser associada a uma série de outros métodos.

Metodologia da problematização na produção do cuidado à saúde de homens: desenvolvimento de tecnologias sociais / Problematization methodology in the production of men's health care: development of social technologies / Metodología de problematización en la producción de atención sanitaria masculina: desarrollo de tecnologías sociales

Objetivo: analisar a aplicação da Metodologia da Problematização com o arco de Maguerez para o desenvolvimento de tecnologias sociais aplicadas à produção do cuidado à saúde de homens Métodos: Relato de experiência sobre a construção de uma Tecnologia Social, dedicada ao apoio à produção do cuidado à saúde de homens realizada com estudantes, pesquisadores e profissionais da saúde participantes de um congresso internacional de saúde em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, ocorrido em março de 2019. Utilizou-se o método da problematização e o referencial teórico-conceitual de Tecnologia Social e de produção do cuidado. Resultados: A proposta da Tecnologia Social, direcionada ao fazer profissional e foi estruturada em quatro etapas: planejamento e organização; configuração teórica e metodológica; operacionalização e estruturação; e, execução. Os participantes desenvolveram estratégias de forma bastante variadas eficaz construídas individualmente e em coletivo. Tais estratégias foram expressas em papel do tipo cartolina, e compuseram a montagem de um painel temático educativo/informativo. Conclusão: A mostrou-se de fácil acesso, baixo custo, factível de reprodução, interativa, problematizante, reflexiva, conferindo um importante dispositivo de apoio à produção do cuidado à saúde de homens. (AU)

Objective: To analyze the application of the Problematization Methodology with the Maguerez arc for the development of social technologies applied to the production of men's health care. Methods: Experience report on the construction of a Social Technology, dedicated to supporting the production of health care men's health held with students, researchers and health professionals participating in an international health congress in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, held in March 2019. The problematization method and the theoretical-conceptual framework of Social Technology and care production. Results: The Social Technology proposal, aimed at making professionals and was structured in four stages: planning and organization; theoretical and methodological configuration; operationalization and structuring; and, execution. Participants developed quite varied strategies effectively built individually and collectively. Such strategies were expressed on cardboard-type paper, and comprised the setting up of an educational / informational thematic panel. Conclusion: A proved to be easy to access, low cost, feasible to reproduce, interactive, problematic, reflective, providing an important support device for the production of health care for men. (AU)

Objetivo: Analizar la aplicación de la Metodología de Problematización con el arco de Maguerez para el desarrollo de tecnologías sociales aplicadas a la producción de servicios de salud masculina Métodos: Informe de experiencia en la construcción de una Tecnología Social, dedicada a apoyar la producción de servicios de salud. salud del hombre realizado con estudiantes, investigadores y profesionales de la salud que participaron en un congreso internacional de salud en Salvador, Bahía, Brasil, realizado en marzo de 2019. El método de problematización y el marco teórico-conceptual de la Tecnología Social y producción de cuidados. Resultados: La propuesta de Tecnología Social, orientada a la formación de profesionales y se estructuró en cuatro etapas: planificación y organización; configuración teórica y metodológica; operacionalización y estructuración; y ejecución. Los participantes desarrollaron estrategias bastante variadas, construidas de manera efectiva individual y colectivamente. Dichas estrategias se expresaron en papel tipo cartulina y comprendieron la creación de un panel temático educativo / informativo. Conclusión: A demostró ser de fácil acceso, bajo costo, factible de reproducir, interactivo, problemático, reflexivo, proporcionando un importante dispositivo de apoyo para la producción de cuidados de salud para hombres. (AU)

Fábrica de cuidados: uma tecnologia social para construção de modelos de cuidar em saúde / Care factory: a social technology for building health care models / Fábrica de cuidados: una tecnología social para la construcción de modelos asistenciales

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência da execução do Programa de Extensão Fábrica de Cuidados como tecnologia social para construção de modelos de cuidar em saúde. Método: trata-se de estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência. Resultados: Como Tecnologia Social, o Programa de Extensão Fábrica de Cuidados propicia conhecimentos de reconverter nosso pensamento de atenção, para inclusão social e relação de ajuda. Considerações finais: A implementação do Programa de Extensão Fábrica de Cuidados como tecnologia social exige de seus mentores habilidades criativas e motivacionais, conhecimentos e disponibilidade para assegurar a autonomia da Enfermagem. É preciso acreditar no investimento social do conhecimento como a "riqueza extraordinária" e dos nossos "infinitos fluxos" para ajudar o outro. (AU)

Objective: To report the experience of implementing the Care Factory Extension Program as a social technology for building health care models. Methods: This is a descriptive study of the experience report type. Results: As Social Technology, Care Factory Extension Program provides knowledge to reconvert our thought of attention to social inclusion and a helping relationship. Conclusion: The implementation of Care Factory Extension Program as a social technology requires from its mentors creative and motivational skills, knowledge, and availability to ensure Nursing autonomy. It is necessary to believe in the social investment of knowledge as the "extraordinary wealth" and our "infinite flows" to help others. (AU)

Objetivo: Dar a conocer la experiencia de implementación del Programa de Extensión Fábrica de Cuidados como tecnología social para la construcción de modelos de atención en salud. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo del tipo relato de experiencia. Resultados: Como Tecnología Social, Programa de Extensión Fábrica de Cuidados aporta conocimientos para reconvertir nuestro pensamiento de atención a la inclusión social y la relación de ayuda. Conclusión: La implementación de Programa de Extensión Fábrica de Cuidados como tecnología social requiere de sus mentores habilidades creativas y motivacionales, conocimientos y disponibilidad para asegurar la autonomía de Enfermería. Es necesario creer en la inversión social del conocimiento como la "riqueza extraordinaria" y nuestros "flujos infinitos" para ayudar a los demás. (AU)

Geriatric Engineering: An Engineering Systems Design Approach to Human Aging.

This article explores the development of an interdisciplinary Geriatric Engineering 5-year Bachelor of Science degree program. The process evolved over 5 years and began with exploring the need, precedents, and data acquisition from target individuals 60 to 92 years of age. The economics of aging necessitates training engineers to design and implement systems that drastically reduce costs. The literature search confirmed the need for medical and engineering collaboration. The precedents for a medical-engineering curriculum were found to exist in several graduate MD/MS Engineering programs. Finally, data were gathered from several hundred over 60-year olds, via a research questionnaire and interviews that supported that technology assistance to promote independent living was desired by a significant portion of older individuals. With confirmatory data in hand, geriatric engineering courses were introduced in 2017 at an engineering college. Feedback of more than 100 students who completed these courses was positive. An Advisory Board, composed of medical companies, hospitals, and target population individuals, supported a Geriatrics Engineering minor. The college's undergraduate curriculum committee then established a minor in Geriatric Engineering in 2019, as the next logical step in the process toward developing a bachelor's degree. In conclusion, student feedback from several years of Geriatric Engineering courses, data from individuals over 60 and an advisory board support the next step of creating a Geriatric Engineering Bachelor's degree. Student evaluations/perceptions of the courses were positive. Data and feedback indicate that there is a need for a dedicated undergraduate Geriatric Engineering program.

Advocacy coalition formation and key actors within the policy / Formación de coaliciones de defensa y actores clave dentro de la política / Formação de coalizão de defesa e atores chaves da política

Abstract The article discusses advocacy coalition formation and the roles of key actors in science, technology and innovation (ST&I) policies for social inclusion in a subnational context. The policy subsystem category and concept of advocacy coalition are used in the context of the advocacy coalition framework and address the need to understand the influences of key actors (policy broker and policy entrepreneur) on it. The policy subsystem was outlined using case-oriented research and the discourse was analyzed in order to understand the policy actors' beliefs. The analysis of two cases of ST&I policy processes for social inclusion (assistive technology and social technology) highlighted policy broker and policy entrepreneur key roles in the emergence of policy subsystems, but had different effects on advocacy coalition formation. The policy entrepreneur had a closer relationship with advocacy coalition building when setting up regular mechanisms to share beliefs and policy-oriented learning, as well as taking initiatives to coordinate the collective action of members in the early advocacy coalition. Although relevant in agenda setting and maintaining a specific social inclusion agenda in the policy process, the policy broker did not achieve a positive relationship with advocacy coalition building. The article corroborates the possibility of incorporating the concept of policy entrepreneur in analyses of the advocacy coalition framework and highlights this actor's characteristics through this analytical model.

Resumen El artículo analiza la formación de coaliciones de defensa y los roles de los actores clave en las políticas de ciencia, tecnología e innovación (PCTI) para la inclusión social en un contexto subnacional. Considerando el modelo de coalición de defensa (MCD), se utilizaron como referencia las categorías analíticas del subsistema de la política y de la coalición de defensa, para comprender las influencias de los actores clave, específicamente del policy broker (intermediario) y del emprendedor de políticas. El subsistema de la política se delimitó mediante el método de investigación basado en casos y se usó el análisis del discurso para comprender las creencias de los actores en la política. El análisis de dos casos del proceso de la PCTI para la inclusión social (tecnología social y tecnología de la rehabilitación) resaltó los roles de los actores clave en la aparición de subsistemas de la política, sin embargo tuvieron diferentes efectos en la formación de coaliciones de defensa. El emprendedor de políticas tuvo una mayor relación con la formación de una coalición de defensa al establecer mecanismos regulares para comunicar sus posiciones y aprendizajes orientados a la política, así como al tomar iniciativas para coordinar la acción colectiva en la naciente coalición de defensa. El policy broker no logró una relación positiva con la formación de las coaliciones de defensa analizadas, pero sí fue relevante para el establecimiento de la agenda y la permanencia de la pauta de inclusión social en el proceso de la política. Este trabajo corrobora la posibilidad de incorporar el concepto de emprendedor de política en los análisis de MDC y señala las características de este actor clave en el modelo analítico estudiado.

Resumo O artigo discute a formação de coalizão de defesa e o papel de atores chaves em políticas de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (CT&I) para inclusão social em um contexto subnacional. No âmbito do Modelo de Coalizão de Defesa (MCD), utilizou-se as categorias analíticas do subsistema da política e da coalizão de defesa como referência e buscou-se compreender as influências de atores chaves nestas, especificamente o policy broker (mediador) e o empreendedor de política. O subsistema de política foi delimitado pelo método de pesquisa baseada em caso e a análise de discurso foi mobilizada para compreender as crenças dos atores da política. A análise de dois casos do processo de política de CT&I para inclusão social (tecnologia social e tecnologia assistiva) realçou os papéis de atores chaves na emergência dos subsistemas de política, porém estes tiveram diferentes efeitos sobre a formação de coalizões de defesa. O empreendedor da política teve maior relação com a formação de coalizão de defesa ao estabelecer mecanismos regulares para compartilhamento de crenças e aprendizados orientados para a política, bem como ao tomar iniciativas de coordenação da ação coletiva na coalizão de defesa nascente. O policy broker não alcançou relação positiva substancial com a formação das coalizões de defesa analisadas, embora tenha sido relevante para o agenda-setting e a permanência da pauta de inclusão social no processo da política. O artigo corrobora com a possibilidade de incorporação do conceito de empreendedor de política em análises do MDC e aponta características deste ator chave iluminadas pelo modelo analítico.

Analysis of the scale of impairment to the application of social technology / Análise da escala de impedimentos à aplicação da tecnologia social / Análisis de la escala de impedimentos a la aplicación de la tecnología social

The process of evaluating the effectiveness of Social Technology for Professional Qualification requires reliable and compact instruments. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate evidence of the validity of an impairment scale to the Application of Social Technology. The sample consisted of 299 professionals working in public institutions attending people under conditions of social vulnerability in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. The exploratory analysis of graph data suggested a structure with three factors: interpersonal relationship, infrastructure, and perceptions of work with vulnerable populations. The confirmatory factor analysis presented low residue indexes and excellent fit indices. The results demonstrate the adequacy of the scale to investigate factors that impair the application of the contents of professional training.

O processo de avaliação da efetividade de uma Tecnologia Social para Capacitação Profissional necessita de instrumentos fidedignos e breves. Com base nisso, o presente estudo objetiva avaliar evidências de validade de uma Escala de Impedimentos à Aplicação da Tecnologia Social. A amostra foi composta por 299 profissionais que trabalham em instituições públicas de atendimento às populações em vulnerabilidade social no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A análise exploratória de grafos sugeriu uma estrutura com três fatores: relacionamento interpessoal, infraestrutura e percepções do trabalho com populações vulneráveis. A análise fatorial confirmatória apresentou baixos índices de resíduos e excelentes índices de ajuste. Os resultados demonstram a adequação da escala para investigar fatores impeditivos à aplicação dos conteúdos trabalhados em capacitações profissionais

El proceso de evaluación de la efectividad de una Tecnología Social de Capacitación Profesional necesita instrumentos fidedignos y breves. Con base en ello, el presente estudio objetiva evaluar evidencias de validez de una Escala de Impedimentos a la Aplicación de la Tecnología Social. La muestra fue compuesta por 299 profesionales que trabajan en instituciones públicas de atención a las poblaciones en vulnerabilidad social en el estado de Rio Grande do Sul. El análisis exploratorio de grafos sugirió una estructura con tres factores: relación interpersonal, infraestructura y percepciones del trabajo con poblaciones vulnerables. El análisis factorial confirmatorio presentó bajos índices de residuos y excelentes índices de ajuste. Los resultados demuestran la adecuación de la escala para investigar factores impeditivos a la aplicación de los contenidos trabajados en capacitaciones profesionales.

A Qualitative Cultural Sensitivity Assessment of the Breathe Easier Mobile Application for Lung Cancer Survivors and Their Families.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the cultural sensitivity of the Breathe Easier mobile health application for African American lung cancer survivors and their families. Breathe Easier is an intervention designed to teach strategies to combat symptoms related to lung cancer. PARTICIPANTS & SETTING: 12 African American lung cancer survivors and their family members were recruited from an American College of Surgeons-approved cancer program in South Carolina. METHODOLOGIC APPROACH: Participants completed in-depth interviews, which were guided by the Cultural Sensitivity Assessment Tool and the Cultural Sensitivity Checklist. Two researchers performed open and axial coding to conceptually organize the data. FINDINGS: Multiple culturally relevant themes emerged, including benefits, concerns, and suggestions related to content literacy and inclusiveness, as well as acceptability of and motivations for using the mobile application. However, lung cancer survivors and their family members reported being more concerned about accessing accurate survivorship information. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING: Attention to health literacy, eHealth literacy, and cultural sensitivity may enhance patient outcomes, and nurses can advocate for patients regarding these communication issues.

Effectiveness of a culturally appropriate nutrition educational intervention delivered through health services to improve growth and complementary feeding of infants: A quasi-experimental study from Chandigarh, India.

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is a major public health problem in India, especially among urban poor children. The objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of a culturally appropriate nutrition educational intervention that can be delivered through health services and digitized child undernutrition tracking module for health workers to improve complementary feeding of infants of age six months to 12 months in Chandigarh, North India, to prevent malnutrition in infants. METHODS: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in a non-randomized intervention (Burail) and control area (Maloya) among a vulnerable population in Chandigarh, North India. The mother-infant dyads (MIDs) in the intervention group(n = 202) received culturally appropriate nutrition educational intervention, were supported individually by trained health workers in infant feeding and followed up for six months. Health workers were monitored through a digitized tracking module. The MIDs in the control group (n = 202) received routine care under the national health program. The mean (±S.D.) age of infants in the intervention and control group was 5.4 (±0.8) months and 5.5 (±0.7) months, respectively. The data was collected using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and anthropometry of infants at baseline and end line. The primary outcome was a mean change in weight. The effectiveness of the intervention was measured by conducting the difference in difference (DID) analysis in mean change in weight between intervention and control group. RESULT: At baseline, the mean (±S.D.) weight of infants was 6.6(±0.64) kg and 6.6 (±0.52) kg in the intervention and control group. The mean (±S.D.) length of infants was 64.3 (±2.0) cm in the intervention group and 65.1 (±1.7) cm in the control group. Out of 404, 190 and 191 MIDs in the intervention and control group completed the study, respectively. A significantly higher number of infants in the intervention group were started on complementary feeding at six months of age (72.6% versus45.5%, p<0.01) and received foods having thick consistency (82.1% versus 41.9%, p<-0.01). There was significant weight gain in intervention group infants (DID means = 0.27 kg, p<0.01) and length gain (DID means = 0.9 cm, p<0.01) from the baseline. Also, there was significant decline in the proportion of undernourished (10% versus18.8%, OR = 0.47, p = 0.01) and wasted infants (7.3% versus15.7%, OR = 0.42, p = 0.01) in the intervention group. CONCLUSION: Community-based nutrition educational intervention delivered through the routine health services and digitized tracking of malnourished children can effectively improve the complementary feeding and growth of children six months to one year among vulnerable populations.

Differences in Health Technology Assessment Recommendations Among European Jurisdictions: The Role of Practice Variations.

BACKGROUND: Health technology assessment (HTA) plays an important role in reimbursement decision-making in many countries, but recommendations vary widely throughout jurisdictions, even for the same drug. This variation may be due to differences in the weighing of evidence or differences in the processes or procedures, which are known as HTA practices. OBJECTIVE: To provide insight into the effects of differences in practices on interpretation of intercountry differences in HTA recommendations for conditionally approved drugs. METHODS: HTA recommendations for conditionally approved drugs (N = 27) up until June 2017 from England/Wales, France, Germany, the Netherlands, and Scotland were included. Recommendations and practice characteristics were extracted from these five jurisdictions and this data was validated. The effect of nonsubmissions, resubmissions, and reassessments; cost-effectiveness assessments; and price negotiations on changes in the percentage of negative recommendations and the interpretation of intercountry differences in HTA outcomes were analyzed using Fisher exact tests. RESULTS: The inclusion of cost-effectiveness assessments led to significant increases in the proportion of negative recommendations in England/Wales (from 4% to 50%, P<.01) and Scotland (from 21% to 71%, P<.01). The subsequent inclusion of price negotiations led to significant reductions in the proportion of negative recommendations in England/Wales (from 50% to 14%, P<.01), France (from 31% to 3%, P=.012), and Germany (from 34% to 0%, P<.01). Results indicated that the inclusion of nonsubmissions and resubmissions might affect Scottish negative HTA recommendations (from 7% to 21%), but this effect was not significant. No significant effects were observed in the Netherlands, possibly owing to sample size. CONCLUSION: Variations in HTA practices between international jurisdictions can have a substantial and significant impact on conclusions about recommendations by HTA bodies, as exemplified in this cohort of conditionally approved products. Studies comparing international HTA recommendations should carefully consider possible practice variations between jurisdictions.