Avaliação da eficácia da desinfecção de instrumentos usados durante o período transoperatório do tratamento endodôntico / Evaluation of the desinfection efficacy of instruments used during the transoperatory period in endodontic treatment

Esta investigação objetivou a eficácia antimicrobiana de agentes desinfetantes utilizados na desinfecção dos instrumentos endodônticos, durante o período transoperatório do tratamento endodôntico. A atividade antimicrobiana dos desinfetantes álcool isopropílico, acetona e ácido peracético (PAA) foi avaliada sobre microrganismos planctônicos através de teste de contato (time kill assay), utilizando inóculo de 9,9 X 109 a 1,2 X 1012 unidades formadoras de colônia (UFC) e por determinação da concentração bactericida mínima (CBM), usando inóculo de aproximadamente 106 UFC. Os agentes químicos também foram avaliados sobre Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) ATCC 29212 cultivada em matriz de dentina (ex vivo) visando a formação de biofilme. O biofilme (organismos sésseis) microbiano foi removido com limas tipo Kerr (LK), até as lâminas estarem visualmente preenchidas. As LK contaminadas foram usadas como carreadores (logo após a contaminação ou secas dentro de uma câmara de fluxo laminar por 10 minutos). As LK carreadoras foram imersas em álcool isopropílico ou acetona ambos a 80%, ou em Ácido peracético 2%, por 30 ou 60 segundos. As limas foram posteriormente colocadas em tubos de ensaio contendo caldo Enterococcosel para observar o crescimento dos enterococos viáveis. Depois, os experimentos in vivo foram realizados com LK contaminadas por material necrótico pulpar da região cervical de dentes indicados para tratamento endodôntico. As LK contaminadas foram imersas, por 30 ou 60 segundos, em 80% de acetona ou 80% de álcool isopropílico ou 2% de PAA. As limas foram então inoculadas em tubos de ensaio contendo meio tioglicolato. Os organismos que cresceram, foram identificados após o tratamento com PAA. A corrosão mediada pelos agentes químicos também foi testada, após a incubação de LK de aço inoxidável e de NiTi por 60 minutos, medindo o peso das LK antes e depois da imersão e por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Todos os agentes ...

This investigation aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of disinfectant agents used to maintain the disinfection of endodontic instruments during the transoperatory period in endodontic treatment. The antimicrobial activity of disinfectants isopropyl alcohol, acetone and peracetic acid were evaluated upon planktonic micro-organisms by time kill assay (contact test) using inoculums from 9,9 X 109 to 1,2 X 1012 colony forming units (CFU) and determination of minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), using inoculums of 106 CFU. Chemical agents were also evaluated upon Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) ATCC 29212 strain grown on matrix dentin (ex vivo) for biofilm formation. Biofilm (sessile organisms) were removed with Kerr files until the blades were visually filled and contaminated K files used as carriers (shortly after contamination or dried inside a flow chamber for 10 minutes). K files carriers were immersed in 80% isopropyl alcohol, 80% acetone or in 2% peracetic acid for 30 or 60 seconds. The files were subsequently dispensed into test tubes containing Enterococcosel broth to observe the growth of viable enterococci. Thereafter, in vivo experiments were performed with K files contaminated with pulp necrotic material from cervical region of teeth indicated to endodontic treatment. The contaminated K files were immersed for 30 or 60 seconds in 80% acetone, 80% isopropyl alcohol and 2% peracetic acid. The files were then inoculated into test tubes containing tioglycolate medium. The organisms that grew after peracetic acid treatment were identified. The corrosion mediated by the chemical agents was also tested after incubation of stainless steel and NiTi K files for 60 minutes, by measuring the weight of K-files before and after immersion, and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All chemical agents were capable to eliminate or reduce bacterial viability of planktonic Gram-negative and Gram-positive species, though the activity ...

Avaliação da eficácia da desinfecção de instrumentos usados durante o período transoperatório do tratamento endodôntico / Evaluation of the desinfection efficacy of instruments used during the transoperatory period in endodontic treatment

Esta investigação objetivou a eficácia antimicrobiana de agentes desinfetantes utilizados na desinfecção dos instrumentos endodônticos, durante o período transoperatório do tratamento endodôntico. A atividade antimicrobiana dos desinfetantes álcool isopropílico, acetona e ácido peracético (PAA) foi avaliada sobre microrganismos planctônicos através de teste de contato (time kill assay), utilizando inóculo de 9,9 X 109 a 1,2 X 1012 unidades formadoras de colônia (UFC) e por determinação da concentração bactericida mínima (CBM), usando inóculo de aproximadamente 106 UFC. Os agentes químicos também foram avaliados sobre Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) ATCC 29212 cultivada em matriz de dentina (ex vivo) visando a formação de biofilme. O biofilme (organismos sésseis) microbiano foi removido com limas tipo Kerr (LK), até as lâminas estarem visualmente preenchidas. As LK contaminadas foram usadas como carreadores (logo após a contaminação ou secas dentro de uma câmara de fluxo laminar por 10 minutos). As LK carreadoras foram imersas em álcool isopropílico ou acetona ambos a 80%, ou em Ácido peracético 2%, por 30 ou 60 segundos. As limas foram posteriormente colocadas em tubos de ensaio contendo caldo Enterococcosel para observar o crescimento dos enterococos viáveis. Depois, os experimentos in vivo foram realizados com LK contaminadas por material necrótico pulpar da região cervical de dentes indicados para tratamento endodôntico. As LK contaminadas foram imersas, por 30 ou 60 segundos, em 80% de acetona ou 80% de álcool isopropílico ou 2% de PAA. As limas foram então inoculadas em tubos de ensaio contendo meio tioglicolato. Os organismos que cresceram, foram identificados após o tratamento com PAA. A corrosão mediada pelos agentes químicos também foi testada, após a incubação de LK de aço inoxidável e de NiTi por 60 minutos, medindo o peso das LK antes e depois da imersão e por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Todos os agentes ...

This investigation aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of disinfectant agents used to maintain the disinfection of endodontic instruments during the transoperatory period in endodontic treatment. The antimicrobial activity of disinfectants isopropyl alcohol, acetone and peracetic acid were evaluated upon planktonic micro-organisms by time kill assay (contact test) using inoculums from 9,9 X 109 to 1,2 X 1012 colony forming units (CFU) and determination of minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), using inoculums of 106 CFU. Chemical agents were also evaluated upon Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) ATCC 29212 strain grown on matrix dentin (ex vivo) for biofilm formation. Biofilm (sessile organisms) were removed with Kerr files until the blades were visually filled and contaminated K files used as carriers (shortly after contamination or dried inside a flow chamber for 10 minutes). K files carriers were immersed in 80% isopropyl alcohol, 80% acetone or in 2% peracetic acid for 30 or 60 seconds. The files were subsequently dispensed into test tubes containing Enterococcosel broth to observe the growth of viable enterococci. Thereafter, in vivo experiments were performed with K files contaminated with pulp necrotic material from cervical region of teeth indicated to endodontic treatment. The contaminated K files were immersed for 30 or 60 seconds in 80% acetone, 80% isopropyl alcohol and 2% peracetic acid. The files were then inoculated into test tubes containing tioglycolate medium. The organisms that grew after peracetic acid treatment were identified. The corrosion mediated by the chemical agents was also tested after incubation of stainless steel and NiTi K files for 60 minutes, by measuring the weight of K-files before and after immersion, and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All chemical agents were capable to eliminate or reduce bacterial viability of planktonic Gram-negative and Gram-positive species, though the activity ...

Antimicrobial efficacy of fruit extracts of two piper species against selected bacterial and oral fungal pathogens

Aim: To assess the antimicrobial efficacy of five solvent extracts of two Piper species commonly used in diet and traditional medicine, P. cubeba and P. longum, against selected bacterial and oral fungal pathogens i.e. Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Methods: The antimicrobial activity of five extracts of cubeb berries and Indian long pepper fruits was determined by the agar well diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for the acetonic, methanolic and ethanolic extracts was determined by the modified agar well diffusion method. Results: Of the 5 fruit extracts evaluated, acetone, ethanol and methanol extracts of both the Piper spp. were found to have variable antimicrobial activities against all the four oral pathogens. The acetonic fruit extract of P. cubeba was the most effective against both the yeasts with the highest zone of inhibition (15.31 mm) against C. albicans followed by the methanolic (12.31 mm) and ethanolic (11.94 mm) extracts. C. albicans was found to be most sensitive pathogen, which survived up to 6.25 mg/mL in the acetonic extract (MIC = 12.5 mg/mL) followed by the methanolic and ethanolic extracts (MIC = 25 mg/mL). The acetonic, methanolic and ethanolic extracts of P. longum fruits showed almost equal inhibition zones of both yeasts, ranging between 10.64 and 14 mm. C. albicans survived up to 12.5 mg/mL (MIC= 25 mg/mL) while S.cerevisiae survived up to 25 mg/mL (MIC = 50 mg/mL). Conclusions: The crude extracts obtained from the fruits of the two Piper spp. may be used to treat oral fungal species, especially C. albicans, as they produced larger inhibition zones than antifungal drugs often used to treat these pathogens.

Effects of dehydration on modulus of elasticity of demineralized human dentin

Dentin bars of approximately 0.7 X 0.7 X 5.0 mm were obtained from the crown of human third molars. The specimens had their ends covered with nail varnish and were subjected to demineralization in 0.5 M EDTA for 72 hours. The specimens were stressed in tension, griped by their mineralized ends. The load/displacement data was transformed to stress/strain data using the original cross-sectional area and the length of the demineralized area (gauge-length). A low strain (0-2%) and the maximum moduli were calculated for specimens tested in water (control), dehydrated in acetone and in HEMA and air-dried. All dehydration procedures caused significant stiffening of the collagen netword. Air-dried specimens were the most stiffer, followed by acetone-dehydrated and HEMA-dehydrated specimens. The stiffening effect of organic solvents on acid-etched dentin, may alter the permeability of the collagen network to adhesive resins