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1.
Rev. Ciênc. Plur ; 9(1): 30190, 27 abr. 2023. tab
Artigo em Português | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-1427955

RESUMO

Introdução:A Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica é uma doença crônica que acometea maior parte idosos brasileiros, sendo uma das principais causas de mortes prematuras e incapacidades funcionais que causam complicações cardiovasculares e cerebrais, as quais podem estar associadas a diversos fatores predisponentes como a obesidade.Objetivo:Avaliar a associação entre hipertensão arterial sistêmica e indicadores antropométricos em idosos do estudo BrazucaNatal.Metodologia: Estudo transversal de base populacional com 191 idosos do município Natal-RN. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos, econômicos e antropométricos (peso, estatura, perímetro da cintura e perímetro do quadril) e cálculo do Índice de Massa Corporal, Razão Cintura-Estatura e Razão Cintura Quadril. A hipertensão arterial foi auto referida. Os dados foram analisados pelo software SPSS versão 20.0. Teste t de Student foi utilizado para avaliar as diferenças entre médias das variáveis de acordo com o sexo e presença de hipertensão arterial. A associação entre a presença da doença e as variáveisfoi realizadapela Regressão de Poisson, comas razões de prevalência brutas e ajustadas e seus intervalos de confiança (95%).Resultados:A maioria dos idosos eram do sexo feminino (55%), com média de idade 69,48 anos (DP=7,38) e índice de massa corporalde 28,46 (DP=5,25), 59,4% possuíamexcesso de peso e 60,1% hipertensão. Ao comparar os sexos, registramos maiores médias de índice de massa corporal, perímetro do quadrile relação cintura estaturanas mulheres (p<0,05). Observamos maiores médias de idadee indicadores antropométricos entre os idosos com hipertensão (p<0,05). Constatamos que a presença de hipertensão estava associada a perímetro da cintura e índice de massa corporal no modelo bruto, mantendo-se apenas o perímetro da cinturano modelo ajustado. Conclusões:Indicadores antropométricos de fácil aplicação e baixo custo como o perímetroda cintura podeser eficientes para a detecção precoce da hipertensão arterial em idosos (AU).


Introduction:SystemicArterial Hypertension is a chronic disease that affects most Brazilian older adults and is one of the main causes of premature deaths and functional disabilities that cause cardiovascular and brain complications. Obesityis among the several predisposing factorsassociatedwithhypertension. Objective:To evaluate the association between SAHand anthropometric indicators in older adultsof the Brazuca Natal study.Methodology: Cross-sectional population-based study with 191 older adults in the city of Natal-RN.Sociodemographic, economic and anthropometric data (weight, height, waist circumference,and hip circumference),Body Mass Index, Waist-Height Ratio and Waist-Hip Ratio were collected. Hypertension was self-reported. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software, version 20.0. The Student's t-test was used to compare themeans of the variables according to sexand presence of hypertension. The association between the presence of the disease and the variables wasperformed by Poisson regression, with crude and adjusted prevalence ratios and respectiveconfidence intervals (95%).Results:The majority of the elderly were female (55%), with a mean age of 69.48 years (SD = 7.38) andBody Mass Indexof 28.46 (SD = 5.25), 59.4% were overweight and 60.1% had hypertension. Mean Body Mass Index, hip circumference and Waist-Height Ratiovalues were higher in women (p<0.05). The age and anthropometric indicators values were higher among the older adults with hypertension (p<0.05). We found that the presence of hypertension was associated with body weight and Body Mass Index,in the crude model and only with body weight in the adjusted model. Conclusions:Anthropometric indicators of easy application and lowcost such as waist circumference can be efficient todetect hypertension in older adults (AU).


Introducción:La Hipertensión Arterial Sistémica es una enfermedad crónica que afecta principalmente ancianos brasileños, siendo una de las principales causas de muertes prematuras ydiscapacidades funcionales que causan complicaciones cardiovasculares y cerebrales, las cuales pueden estar asociadas a diversos factores predisponentes como la obesidad. Objetivo:Evaluar la asociación entre la hipertensión arterial sistémica y los indicadores antropométricos en ancianos del estudio Brazuca Natal. Metodología:Estudio transversal de base poblacional con 191 ancianos del municipio Natal-RN. Se reconpilaron datos sociodemográficos, económicos y antropométricos (peso, estatura, perímetro de la cintura y perímetro de la cadera) y cálculo del Índice de Masa Corporal,Razón Cintura-Estatura y Razón Cintura Cadera. La hipertensión fue auto referida. Los datos fueron analizados por el software SPSSversión 20.0. Test t de Student fue realizado para evaluar las diferencias entre medias de las variables de acuerdo con el sexo y la presencia de hipertensión arterial. La asociación entre la presencia de la enfermedad y las variables fue realizada por la Regresión de Poisson, con las razones de prevalencia brutas y ayustadas y sus intervalos de confianza (95%). Resultados:La mayoría de los ancianos eran mujeres (55%), con una media de 69,48 años (DP= 7,38) y Índice de Masa Corporalde 28,46 (DP= 5,25), 59,4% poseían exceso de peso y 60,1% hipertensión. Observamos mayores medias de edady indicadores antropométricosentre los ancianos con hipertensión (p<0,05).Constatamos que la presencia de hipertensión estaba asociada al perímetro de la cinturae Índice de Masa Corporalen el modelo bruto, manteniendo solo el perímetro de la cinturaen el modelo ayustado. Conclusiones:Indicadores antropométricos de fácil aplicación y bajo costo como el perímetro de la cintura puede ser eficaz para la detección temprana de la hipertensión arterial en los ancianos (AU).


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso , Antropometria/métodos , Saúde do Idoso , Fatores de Risco , Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos Transversais/métodos , Análise Multivariada , Hipertensão/patologia
2.
Pesqui. bras. odontopediatria clín. integr ; 23: e210180, 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-1448796

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objective: To establish cephalometric norms in primary dentition among males and females using novel customized Comprehensive Cephalometric Growth (CCG) Analysis. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 67 subjects with a mean age of 5.5 yrs. Digital lateral cephalometric radiographs were obtained using Planmeca Pro One. The digital images were then transferred to Nemoceph software. Craniofacial Growth (CCG) Analysis was configured in the software with five sub-groups. This sub-grouping was done such that related components were grouped together and comprehensively; it would provide an assessment of every component of the craniofacial region that could be affected either by treatment maneuver or growth process. The same was used for the cephalometric analysis and to determine the cephalometric norms in the primary dentition. Results: Certain linear measurements were higher among males when compared to females. However, most measurements remained similar among males and females during this age group. The CCG analysis provided a comprehensive knowledge of the craniofacial parameters during the growth process. Conclusion: The cephalometric norms during primary dentition thus established using Comprehensive Craniofacial Growth analysis would provide the data for early diagnosis and treatment planning in interceptive orthodontic treatment procedures.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Dente Decíduo/anatomia & histologia , Antropometria/instrumentação , Cefalometria/instrumentação , Deformidades Dentofaciais , Intensificação de Imagem Radiográfica/instrumentação , Diagnóstico Precoce
3.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 22: e230961, Jan.-Dec. 2023. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-1442826

RESUMO

There is no consensus on the most appropriate method for normalizing electromyography (EMG) signals from masticatory muscles during isotonic activity. Aim: To analyze the best method for data processing of the EMG signal of the masticatory muscles during isotonic activity (non-habitual chewing), comparing raw data and different types of normalization. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Women aged between 18 and 45 years were selected. Anthropometric data were collected (age, height, body mass index ­ BMI, masticatory preference) as well as EMG signal (root mean square ­ RMS) data for the anterior temporal and masseter bilaterally, and for the suprahyoid muscles, during isotonic (non-habitual chewing) and isometric tasks. EMG data were processed offline using Matlab® Software. The normalization of the EMG signal was carried out using the 2nd masticatory cycle, chosen at random, of the 20 cycles collected, the maximum RMS value, and the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). To analyze the best method of data processing for the isotonic data, the coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated. Descriptive data analysis was adopted, using the mean and standard deviation. ANOVA with repeated measures was used to detect significant differences between the methods of normalization. Statistical significance was set at 5% (α<0.05). Results: The final sample of this research was composed of 86 women. The volunteers presented an average age of 27.83±7.71 years and a mean BMI of 22.85±1.91 Kg/m2. Regarding masticatory preference, 73.25% reported the right side, and 26.75% the left side. Considering the comparison between the methods, the %CV measure of the 2nd cycle showed the lowest variation coefficient during biting for all the muscles from the raw data, RMS Max, and MVC (p=0.001, p=0.003, and p=0.001 respectively). Conclusion: In conclusion, for non-habitual chewing activity, the results of this study recommend data processing using normalization with the second cycle during chewing


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mulheres , Antropometria , Eletromiografia , Mastigação , Músculos da Mastigação , Músculos
4.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 20: e211883, jan.-dez. 2021. tab
Artigo em Inglês | BBO - Odontologia, LILACS | ID: biblio-1253946

RESUMO

Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate perceived family cohesion and adaptability and its association with trauma, malocclusion and anthropometry in school adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional study with a representative sample of 921 adolescents from 13 to 19 years old of both sexes, enrolled in state public schools of a northeastern Brazilian municipality. A questionnaire with sociodemographic questions, the FACES III scale was applied and a clinical oral examination (dental trauma and malocclusion) and anthropometric (BMI by age) were performed. For statistical analysis, was evaluated by the Chi-square test. The variables that presented significance in the bivariate analysis of up to 25% were taken to the multivariate analysis (multinomial logistic regression), variables that presented significance in bivariate analysis of up to 25% were taken to multivariate analysis and all conclusions were drawn considering the significance level of 5%. Results: As a result, it was identified that displaced families were associated with low maternal education, agglutinated families associated with the absence of caries. Rigid families were associated with marked overjet and caries. The prevalence of dental trauma (37.5%) was considered high. Conclusion: It was concluded that family cohesion and adaptability were associated with oral health and socioeconomic factors


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Antropometria , Saúde Bucal , Adolescente , Traumatismos Dentários/epidemiologia , Saúde Holística , Má Oclusão/epidemiologia
5.
Natal; s.n; 20210000. 143 p. ilus, tab.
Tese em Português | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-1435448

RESUMO

A complexidade conceitual da Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (SAN) torna sua avaliação um desafio. Indicadores que incluam os componentes alimentar e nutricional e suas diferentes dimensões são necessários para complementar a dimensão do acesso medida pela Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar (EBIA), principal instrumento utilizado no Brasil. A formulação de um indicador global é fundamental para o rastreamento dos indivíduos em situação de insegurança alimentar (IA), especialmente na vigilância alimentar e nutricional (VAN). Dessa forma, o presente estudo objetivou avaliar os fatores associados à insegurança alimentar e nutricional (INSAN) e desenvolver uma proposta metodológica multidimensional para rastreamento (Vigi-INSAN). O Vigi-INSAN foi proposto a partir de um modelo preditivo da IA, com dados do Estudo Brazuca Natal, um estudo transversal, conduzido com 411 adultos e idosos domiciliados. Realizaram-se entrevistas domiciliares com aplicação de questionário eletrônico para obter dados demográficos, socioeconômicos, antropométricos (peso, altura, perímetros corporais), consumo alimentar (itens da escala de adesão ao guia alimentar para a população brasileira) e IA medida pela EBIA. A construção do Vigi-INSAN ocorreu em três etapas: 1- Organização da base teórica e seleção dos itens, a partir da análise bivariada; 2- Regressão múltipla de Poisson para selecionar as variáveis da proposta metodológica: as variáveis com p<0,20 foram incluídas no modelo e aquelas com p<0,05 permaneceram no modelo final; 3 ­ Análise dos pressupostos de ajuste com o Omnibus test e deviance, e, curva ROC para analisar a eficiência do modelo e definição do ponto de corte. Um recorte foi conduzido para identificar os fatores associados a IA na população idosa (n=191). Para tal, as razões de prevalência (RP) brutas e ajustadas foram analisadas pela Regressão de Poisson. A prevalência de IA foi de 42,1% (37,4% - 46,9%). Mulheres (47,5%), adultos (48,2%) e pessoas de cor/raça não branca (52,7%) apresentaram IA significativamente maior. Após análise múltipla, o modelo preditivo foi composto por: presença de menores de 18 anos no domicílio (A) (RPaj=1,3; 1,1 ­ 1,6), renda familiar (B) (em quintis) (Q1: RPaj=5,4; 2,5 ­ 11,7; Q2: RPaj = 4,8; 2,2 ­ 10,5; Q3: RPaj = 3,8; 1,8 ­ 8,5; Q4 RPaj = 2,2; 1,0 ­ 5,1), tratamento inadequado da água de beber (C) (RP=1,3; 1,1 ­ 1,5), presença de doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis (D) (RP=1,3; 1,1 ­ 1,7), ausência do hábito de comer frutas no café da manhã (E) (RPaj = 1,7; 1,3 ­ 2,5), hábito de realizar refeições no sofá da sala ou na cama (F) (RPaj= 1,3; 1,1 ­ 1,6) e de pular pelo menos o almoço ou o jantar (G) (RPaj= 1,4; 1,2 ­ 1,7). A área sob a curva ROC indicou 83% de predição da INSAN. A pontuação atribuída para os itens foi: (A) = 0,3; (B): Q1=1,7; Q2=1,6; Q3=1,4; Q4=0,8; Q5=0; (C) = 0,2; (D) = 0,3; E= 0,6; (F) = 0,3; (G) = 0,3. Foi adotado o ponto de corte 2,3 (Kappa = 0,47; Sensibilidade=0,82; Especificidade = 0,67; VPP = 0,64; VPN = 0,83). Conclui-se que o Vigi-INSAN apresenta potencial para utilização na VAN, com alto poder preditivo da IA, a partir de indicadores multidimensionais dos componentes alimentar e nutricional da SAN (AU).


The conceptual complexity of Food and Nutrition Security (FNS) makes its assessment a challenge. Indicators that include the food and nutritional components and their different dimensions are necessary to complement the dimension of access measured by the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA in Portuguese), the main instrument used in Brazil. The formulation of a global indicator is essential for tracking individuals in food insecurity (FI) situation, especially in food and nutrition surveillance (FNS). Thus, the present study aimed to assess the factors associated with food and nutritional insecurity (FNI) and to develop a multidimensional methodological proposal for screening (Vigi-INSAN in Portuguese). VigiINSAN was proposed based on a predictive model of FI, with data from the Brazuca Natal Study, a cross-sectional study, conducted with 411 adults and elderly people living at home. Home interviews were conducted with the application of an electronic questionnaire to obtain demographic, socioeconomic, anthropometric data (weight, height, body perimeters), food consumption (items on the scale of adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population) and FI measured by EBIA. The Vigi-INSAN construction occurred in three stages: 1- Organization of the theoretical basis and selection of items, based on bivariate analysis; 2- Multiple Poisson regression to select the variables of the methodological proposal: variables with p <0.20 were included in the model and those with p <0.05 remained in the final model; 3 - Analysis of the assumptions of adjustment with the Omnibus test and deviance, and, ROC curve to analyze the efficiency of the model and definition of the cutoff point. A cut was conducted to identify the factors associated with FI in the elderly population (n = 191). For this, the crude (PRc) and adjusted prevalence ratios (PRaj) were analyzed using Poisson Regression. The prevalence of FI was 42.1% (37.4% - 46.9%). Women (47.5%), adults (48.2%) and people of non-white color / race (52.7%) had significantly higher FI. After multiple analysis, the predictive model was composed of: presence of children under 18 at home (A) (PRaj = 1.3; 1.1 - 1.6), family income (B) (in quintiles) (Q1: PRaj = 5.4; 2.5 - 11.7; Q2: PRaj = 4.8; 2.2 - 10.5; Q3: PRaj = 3.8; 1.8 - 8.5; Q4 PRaj = 2 , 2; 1.0 - 5.1), inadequate drinking water treatment (C) (PRaj = 1.3; 1.1 - 1.5), presence of chronic non-communicable diseases (D) (PRaj = 1.3; 1.1 - 1.7), absence of the habit of eating fruit for breakfast (E) (PRaj = 1.7; 1.3 - 2.5), habit of eating meals on the living room sofa or in bed (F) (RPaj = 1.3; 1.1 - 1.6) and skipping at least lunch or dinner (G) (PRaj = 1.4; 1.2 - 1.7). The area under the ROC curve indicated 83% of FNI prediction. The score assigned to the items was: (A) = 0.3; (B): Q1 = 1.7; Q2 = 1.6; Q3 = 1.4; Q4 = 0.8; Q5 = 0; (C) = 0.2; (D) = 0.3; E = 0.6; (F) = 0.3; (G) = 0.3. A cutoff point of 2.3 was adopted (Kappa = 0.47; Sensitivity = 0.82; Specificity = 0.67; PPV = 0.64; NPV = 0.83). It is concluded that Vigi-INSAN has potential for use in FNSV, with high predictive power of FI, based on multidimensional indicators of the food and nutritional components of FNS (AU).


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional , Inquéritos e Questionários , Política Nutricional , Abastecimento de Alimentos , Brasil , Modelos Logísticos , Antropometria/métodos , Estudos Transversais/métodos
6.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 19: e201431, jan.-dez. 2020. tab
Artigo em Inglês | BBO - Odontologia, LILACS | ID: biblio-1152146

RESUMO

Dental caries is a significant public health problem afflicting about a third of the world's population which impacts nutrition, quality of life and systemic health. Aim: We explored associations between dental caries, odontogenic infections, oral hygiene and anthropometric measurements of children in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: A pretested validated questionnaire was administered on 278 children who also received anthropometric assessment and dental examinations. Caries was scored according to WHO criteria and untreated dental caries by the Pulpal Exposure, Ulceration, Fistula, Abcess (PUFA/pufa) index. The weight for age (WAZ), height for age (HAZ), and weight for height (WHZ) parameters evaluated nutritional status. Categorical and continuous data were analysed by χ2-test and ANOVA. Regression analysis was done and statistical significance set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: The prevalence of Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT + dmft) > 0 was 220 (79.1%) and the proportion of d+D teeth in dmft+DMFT index was 194 (70.0%). The prevalence of odontogenic infections due to caries (PUFA + pufa > 0) was 172 (61.8%). 74 (26.6%) children were stunted; 12 (4.3%) were underweight while 30 (10.8%) were wasted. Children with PUFA + pufa > 1 had increased risk of wasting (OR: 2.45; 95% CI: 1.16-4.88). Children with DMFT+dmft >5 were also significantly underweight with odds ratios of 2.34 (95% CI 1.04-4.33). Conclusions: There was significant association between untreated dental caries, odontogenic infections and stunting, wasting and being underweight among the children studied. Policy makers should be aware of the additional burden that oral neglect has on anthropometric indices


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Higiene Bucal , Índice de Massa Corporal , Antropometria , Cárie Dentária , Suscetibilidade à Cárie Dentária
7.
Rev. Ciênc. Plur ; 6(1): 32-43, 2020. tab
Artigo em Português | BBO - Odontologia, LILACS | ID: biblio-1052614

RESUMO

Introdução:A saúde do trabalhador é um campo de relevância, mas que ainda está sendo consolidado no âmbito do sistema único de saúde (SUS). Partindo dessa compreensão, esse estudo teve como objetivo avaliaro estado nutricional e as condições de saúde dos agentes comunitários de saúde do município de Currais Novos-RN.Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal,realizado com80 indivíduos de ambos os sexos. Condições sociais e de saúde, estilo de vida e estado nutricional foram investigados.A análise bivariada foi conduzida através do teste Qui-quadrado, para analisar a associação entre o estado nutricional e as variáveis independentes. Considerou-se o nível de significância estatística de p ≤0,05. Resultados:A maioria dos participantes encontravam-se na faixa etária de 41 a 58 anos (52, 5%), possuía renda maior que 1 salário mínimo (77,5%) e encontrava-secom Sobrepeso/Obesidade (63,8%). Apenas as variáveis antropométricas percentual de gordura (p<0,02), relação cintura/quadril (p<0,02) e satisfação com peso (p<0,01) se associaram ao estado nutricional. Conclusão: O presente estudo verificou que a maioria dos indivíduos estudados apresenta sobrepeso/obesidade, que os dados referentes a condições sociais e de saúde, como também estilo de vida não se associaram ao desfecho que foi analisado. As variáveis antropométricas apresentaram diferença significativa na análise bivariada, demonstrando que estas exercem influência no estado nutricional.(AU).


Introduction:Occupational health is a relevant field, but it is still being consolidated within the scope of the single health system (SUS).From this understanding, this study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status and health conditions of community health agents in the city of Currais Novos-RN.Methods:This is a cross-sectional study, conducted with 80 individuals of both sexes.Social and health conditions, lifestyle and nutritional status were investigated.Bivariate analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test to analyze the association between nutritional status and independent variables. The level of statistical significance of p ≤0,05 was considered.Results:Most participants were between 41 and 58 years old (52,5%), had an income higher than 1 minimum wage (77,5%) and were overweight / obese (63,8%).Only the anthropometric variables percentage of fat (p <0,02), waist / hip ratio (p <0,02) and weight satisfaction (p <0,01) were associated with nutritional status.Conclusion:The present study found that most of the individuals studied were overweight / obese, that data regarding social and health conditions, as well as lifestyle, were not associated with the outcome that was analyzed.The anthropometric variables showed a significant difference in the bivariate analysis, demonstrating that they influence the nutritional status.(AU).


Introducción: La salud ocupacional es un campo relevante, pero aún se está consolidando dentro del alcance delsistema único de salud (SUS).En base a esta comprensión, este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el estado nutricional y las condiciones de salud de los agentes de salud comunitarios en la ciudad de Currais Novos-RN. Métodos:Este es un estudio transversal realizado con 80 individuos de ambos sexos.Se investigaron las condiciones sociales y de salud, el estilo de vida y el estado nutricional.El análisis bivariado se realizó mediante la prueba de Chi-cuadrado para analizar la asociación entre el estado nutricional y las variables independientes.Se consideró el nivel de significación estadística de p ≤0.05. Resultados:La mayoría de los participantes tenían entre 41 y 58 años (52.5%), tenían un ingreso superior a 1 salario mínimo (77.5%) y teníansobrepeso / obesidad (63.8%). Solo las variables antropométricas porcentaje de grasa (p <0.02), relación cintura / cadera (p <0.02) y satisfacción con el peso (p <0.01) se asociaron con el estado nutricional.Solo las variables antropométricas porcentaje de grasa (p <0.02), relación cintura / cadera (p <0.02) y satisfacción con el peso (p <0.01) se asociaron con el estado nutricional.Conclusión:El presente estudio encontró que la mayoría de los individuos estudiados tenían sobrepeso / obesidad, y los datos sobre las condiciones sociales y de salud, así como el estilo de vida, no se asociaron con el resultado que se analizó.Las variables antropométricas mostraron una diferencia significativa en el análisis bivariado, lo que demuestra que influyen en el estado nutricional.Palabras clave:Agente de salud comunitaria; Salud ocupacional; Condiciones de salud; Estado nutricional.(AU).


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Brasil , Nível de Saúde , Estado Nutricional , Saúde Ocupacional , Agentes Comunitários de Saúde , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Antropometria , Inquéritos e Questionários , Interpretação Estatística de Dados
8.
J. appl. oral sci ; 28: e20190694, 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-1134777

RESUMO

Abstract Objective Obesity is a chronic disease that negatively affects an individual's general and oral health. The present study aimed to compare the clinical and microbiological effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy with the full mouth disinfection (FMD) protocol on obese and non-obese individuals at 9 months post-therapy. Methodology This clinical study was first submitted and approved by the Ethics Committee. Fifty-five obese patients and 39 non-obese patients with periodontitis were evaluated. The full-mouth periodontal clinical parameters, clinical attachment level (CAL), probing depth (PD), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI), were monitored at baseline, 3, 6, and 9 months after periodontal treatment with full mouth disinfection (FMD) protocol. The mean count of Tannerella forsythia , Porphyromonas gingivalis , Treponema Denticola , and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction on subgingival biofilm samples. Demographic data were assessed by Chi-square test. For clinical and microbiological parameters, two-factor repeated-measures ANOVA was used. Results In both groups, periodontal therapy using the one-stage full-mouth disinfection protocol significantly improved CAL, PD, GI, and PI (p<0.05). Obese and non-obese patients equally responded to non-surgical periodontal therapy (p>0.05). Microbial count found no major differences (p>0.05) between obese and non-obese individuals who had undergone non-surgical periodontal therapy. Conclusions Obesity did not affect the clinical and microbiological outcomes of non-surgical periodontal therapy.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Periodontite/microbiologia , Periodontite/terapia , Obesidade/microbiologia , Fatores de Tempo , Índice Periodontal , Antropometria , Índice de Placa Dentária , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Análise de Variância , Estudos Longitudinais , Resultado do Tratamento , Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/isolamento & purificação , Porphyromonas gingivalis/isolamento & purificação , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Treponema denticola/isolamento & purificação , Tannerella forsythia/isolamento & purificação , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/fisiopatologia
9.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-1135562

RESUMO

Abstract Objective: To investigate the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and dental age in 8-15-year-old orthodontic patients. Material and Methods: Forty-eight children (25 males, 23 females) aged 8-15 years requiring orthodontic treatment participated in this retrospective study. The dental development ages were determined using the Demirjian method and panoramic radiographs. Afterwards, chronological age, height, and weight were recorded. Using the standard equation developed by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, BMI value was calculated and grouped according to BMI percentile classification according to age and gender. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation test. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results: Dental age was significantly accelerated in subjects with increased BMI percentile after adjusting for age and gender (p<0.05). The mean dental age among all subjects was 10.58 ± 2.40. The correlation coefficient (r) showed a strong correlation with a positive direction, which means that the dental age also accelerated by 44.6% in the subjects with increased BMI. Conclusion: There was a linear correlation between increased BMI with accelerated dental age. BMI value and dental age can be considered in determining orthodontic treatment time.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Ortodontia , Radiografia Panorâmica/instrumentação , Índice de Massa Corporal , Antropometria/métodos , Estudos Transversais/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Indonésia
10.
Rev. saúde pública (Online) ; 54: 55, 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-1101874

RESUMO

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the association of television food advertisements with eating habits in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS The sample was composed of 1,011 adolescents, aged from 10-17 years. The influence of television food advertisements on eating habits, as well as food consumption and socioeconomic variables were assessed through questionnaires. A binary logistic regression was performed to assess the magnitude of the associations, adjusted for gender, age, socioeconomic status, and parental schooling. RESULTS Of the sample, 83.3% (n = 843) reported food consumption while watching TV. Adolescents who do not consume food while watching TV had a higher weekly consumption of fruits (3.98, SD = 2.0 versus 3.39, SD = 2.1) and vegetables (4.1, SD = 2.2 versus 3.4, SD = 2.3). Adolescents that consume food while watching TV had higher weekly consumption of fried foods (3.1, SD = 2.0 versus 2.3, SD = 1.7), sweets (4.1, SD = 2.1 versus 3.3, SD = 2.1), soft drinks (3.2, SD = 2.1 versus 2.2, SD = 1.9), and snacks (2.3, SD = 2.0 versus 1.6, SD = 1.7). For 73,8% of the sample, food advertisements induce product consumerism, most commonly sweets and fast foods. Buying or asking to buy food after seeing it on the television was associated with fried foods (OR = 1.36, 95%CI = 1.03- 1.79), sweets (OR = 1.69, 95%CI = 1.30-2.18), and snacks (OR = 1.57, 95%CI = 1.12-2.22). CONCLUSION Food advertisements were associated with greater consumption of fried foods, sweets, and snacks in adolescents, even after adjusting for confounding factors.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Televisão/estatística & dados numéricos , Publicidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamento Alimentar , Alimentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Fatores de Tempo , Brasil , Modelos Logísticos , Antropometria , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários
11.
Arq. odontol ; 56: 1-9, jan.-dez. 2020. tab
Artigo em Português | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-1096766

RESUMO

Objetivo: Verificar associação da prevalência da baixa estatura corporal e excesso de peso com a experiência de cárie dentária em crianças e adolescentes, matriculados no ensino fundamental e da rede pública de ensino. Métodos: Estudo transversal observacional, aprovado com o Parecer nº 197/2012 do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa e assinatura dos termos de consentimento e assentimento livres e esclarecidos das 1.090 crianças e adolescentes, entre cinco e dezessete anos da rede pública de ensino em Barcelos, AM. Foram avaliados os índices antropométricos estatura corporal para idade, índice de massa corporal para idade, em valores de escore-Z, comparados ao padrão de referência da OMS Considerou-se como variável dependente as duas variáveis dicotômicas baixa estatura corporal e excesso de peso, e considerou-se como variáveis independentes faixa etária, sexo, tipo de escola e cárie dentária. Foi utilizado o modelo de Regressão Logística, com Intervalo de confiança de 95%, sendo ajustado com entrada de variáveis passo a passo, para análise de associação das variáveis de desfechos com as variáveis explicativas. Resultados:A prevalência de baixa estatura corporal foi de 4,9% e o excesso de peso estava presente em 17,9% dos estudantes. Os adolescentes apresentaram 1,57 vezes mais chance de possuir excesso de peso do que as crianças (p = 0,046). Não foi encontrado associação entre os estudantes com baixa de estatura corporale cárie dentária (p = 0,22), no entanto, através do modelo de regressão logística (setpwise) p < 0,05 os estudantes com excesso de peso apresentaram (p = 0,008) com a cárie dentária. Conclusão: O excesso de peso foi o problema nutricional de maior prevalência, e os estudantes com experiência de cárie apresentaram menor chance de ter excesso de peso do que os livres de cárie.


Aim: To verify the association between the prevalence of low body height and excess weight with the experience of dental caries in children and adolescents registered in the public elementary school system. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study, approved by the Research Ethics Committee, Opinion No. 197/2012. Participants and guardians signed a free and informed consent forms for the 1,090 children and adolescents, between five and seventeen years of age, from the public school system in Barcelos, AM, Brazil. Anthropometric indices for height-for-age and body mass index for age were measured in Z score values and compared with the reference standard set by the World Health Organization (WHO). This study considered the two dichotomous variables of low body height and excess weight to be dependent variables, and considered the variables of age group, sex, type of school, and dental caries as to be independent variables. A Logistic Regression model was applied, with a confidence interval (CI) of 95%, adjusted with stepwise variable entry for the analysis of the association of the outcome variables with the explanatory variables. Results: A low body height prevalence of 4.9% was found, and the excess weight was present in 17.9% of the students. Adolescents showed 1.57 times greater chances of having excess weight than children (p = 0.046). No association was found between students with low body height and dental caries (p = 0.22); however, through the logistic regression model (stepwise), p < 0.05 overweight students presented (p = 0.008) dental caries. Conclusion: The most prevalent nutritional problem found was excess weight, and students who experienced dental caries showed fewer chances of having excess weight than those who were free of caries.


Assuntos
Criança , Adolescente , Estudantes , Estatura , Índice de Massa Corporal , Criança , Adolescente , Cárie Dentária , Sobrepeso , Antropometria , Estudos Transversais
12.
Rev. Ciênc. Plur ; 5(2): 49-67, ago. 2019. ilus, tab
Artigo em Português | BBO - Odontologia, LILACS | ID: biblio-1021754

RESUMO

Introdução:A Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica tem apresentado alta mortalidade em todo o mundo, associada a fatores de risco cardiovascular como o excesso de peso e a obesidade abdominal.Objetivo:Avaliar os índices antropométricos e pressão arterial em adolescentes e adultos jovens do município de Santa Cruz-RN.Método:Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, do tipo transversal, realizado com 86 indivíduos com idade média de 19,0 ± 0,97 anos. Foram avaliados o Índice deMassa Corporal (IMC), Relação Cintura Estatura (RCE), Relação Cintura Quadril (RCQ), Índice de Conicidade (IC) e Pressão Arterial (PA). Os dados foram analisados no programa SPSS versão 23.0, apresentados em percentual, média e desvio padrão. O teste T deStudentfoi aplicado para avaliar a diferença entre as médias, a correlação entre medidas antropométricas e a pressão arterial pela correlação de Pearson.Resultados:A prevalência maior foi do sexo feminino, 81,4%. A obesidade esteve mais presente nos meninos adolescentes do que nas meninas, 33,3 e 13,9% respectivamente, bem como nos adultos jovens 28,6% em homens e 11,8% em mulheres. A RCE se mostrou mais elevada nas meninas e mulheres adultas (0,46 ± 0,07, 0,50 ± 0,08). Em contrapartida, a RCQ e IC se mostraram maiores nos meninos(0,79 ± 0,06; 1,12 ± 0,74) e nos homens adultos(0,82 ± 0,09; 1,15 ± 0,12) respectivamente. Em ambos os grupos houve correlação positiva moderada entre o IMC e a RCE com a PA (p<0,05).Conclusão:Os índices antropométricosapresentaram correlação positiva com a elevação da pressão arterial, destacando-se o IMC e a RCE nos adolescentes e adultos jovens (AU).


Introduction:Systemic arterial hypertension has presented high mortality worldwide, associated with cardiovascular risk factors such as overweight and abdominal obesity.Objective:To evaluate the anthropometric indexes and blood pressure in adolescents and young adults in the municipality of Santa Cruz-RN.Methods:This is a cross-sectional quantitative study of 86 individuals with a mean age of 19.0 ± 0.97 years. Body mass index (BMI), Waist Stature Ratio (WSR), Waist Hip Ratio (WHR), Conicity Index (CI) and Blood Pressure (BP) were evaluated. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0, presented in percentage, mean and standard deviation. The T test was applied to evaluate the difference between the means, the correlation between anthropometric measures and blood pressure by the Pearson correlation.Results:The highest prevalence was female, 81.4%. Obesity was more present in adolescent boys than in girls, 33.3 and 13.9% respectively, as well as in young adults, 28.6% in men and 11.8% in women. The WSR was higher in girls and adult women (0.46 ± 0.07, 0.50 ± 0.08). On the other hand, WHR and CI were higher in boys(0.79 ± 0.06, 1.12 ± 0.74)and in adult males (0.82 ± 0.09, 1.15 ± 0.12) respectively. In both groups there was a moderate positive correlation between BMI and WSR with BP (p <0.05).Conclusion:The anthropometric indices showed a positive correlation with the elevation of blood pressure, especially BMI, WSR in adolescents and young adults (AU).


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil , Antropometria/métodos , Adolescente , Pressão Arterial , Hipertensão , Estudos Transversais/métodos , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Adulto Jovem
13.
Pesqui. bras. odontopediatria clín. integr ; 19(1): 4189, 01 Fevereiro 2019. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-997966

RESUMO

Objective: To evaluate the sweetness taste preference levels and their relationship with the nutritional and dental caries patterns among preschool children. Material and Methods: The participants of this cross-sectional study were 191 children aged 4 to 5 years, who were regularly attending public Child Education Centers of a city southern Brazil. Children's preference for sugar was evaluated by the Sweet Preference Inventory; caries prevalence, according to the World Health Organization criteria, and nutritional status, by anthropometric weight and stature measurements, in accordance with child growth standards of the World Health Organization. Results: High levels of sweetness preference were identified. The majority of children (67.5%) opted for the most concentrated sucrose solutions. Excess weight was recorded in 27.7% of the preschoolers. The prevalence of caries was 51.8%, with the mean dmf-t equal to 1.92 (± 2.72) and the decayed (c) component responsible for 94.2% of the index. No significant association between sweetness preference and the nutritional or the oral health patterns could be established. In addition, no association between excess weight and dental caries was identified. The diseases studied were only associated with sociodemographic variables. Excess weight was associated with maternal age (p=0.004) and caries experience with family income (p=0.013). Conclusion: No significant associations could be stablished between the sweetness taste preference and the diseases studied, nor between excess weight and dental caries. However, the findings of high patterns of sweet preference, excess weight and untreated caries experience, highlight the need for the implementation of integrated public policies aimed at controlling both nutritional and of oral health problems in the studied population.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Brasil , Ingestão de Alimentos , Estado Nutricional , Sacarose na Dieta , Cárie Dentária/diagnóstico , Comportamento Alimentar , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Criança , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Antropometria/métodos , Saúde Bucal , Estudos Transversais/métodos , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Política de Saúde
14.
Pesqui. bras. odontopediatria clín. integr ; 19(1): 4584, 01 Fevereiro 2019. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-997977

RESUMO

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between excess body weight (EBW) and the prevalence of dental caries in preschoolers considering parental control regarding snack consumption. Material and Methods: An observational, population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted at Municipal Child Education Centers in the city of Curitiba, Brazil, involving a representative sample of 686 preschool children aged four to five years and eleven months and their parents/caregivers. Dental caries was analyzed using the dmft index. Weight and height were measured for the determination of the body mass index, which was categorized for each zscore range considering age and sex. Children with overweight or obesity were considered to have EBW. The assessment of nutritional status was performed with the aid of the WHO Anthro and WHO Anthro Plus programs. The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate Poisson regression analysis with robust variance (α= 0.05). Results: The children with EBW had a lower prevalence rate of caries, but this association lost its significance when adjusted by the other variables included in the multivariate model. In the multivariate regression analysis, household income per capita (PR=0.804; 95%CI: 0.665-0.972), child's age (PR=1.015; 95%CI: 1.001-1.029) and snack limits (PR=0.839; 95%IC: 0.732-0.962) were associated with a greater prevalence rate of dental caries. Conclusion: Excess body weight was not significantly associated with dental caries, whereas a lower parental limit regarding snack consumption by the children was independently associated with a higher prevalence rate of dental caries.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Peso Corporal , Aumento de Peso , Estado Nutricional , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Sobrepeso , Comportamento Alimentar , Pais , Brasil , Pré-Escolar , Antropometria/métodos , Estudos Transversais/métodos , Estudos Observacionais como Assunto/métodos , Obesidade
15.
Pesqui. bras. odontopediatria clín. integr ; 19(1): 4419, 01 Fevereiro 2019. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-998234

RESUMO

Objective: To evaluate the cephalic indices among Bataknese school students. Material and Methods: An observational study was performed by measuring 95 Bataknese children aged 3-5 years using a purposive sampling technique. The vertical cephalic index was measured directly in children, while the dental arch and palatal depth were measured on maxillary impressions. Vertical cephalic index data were obtained by measuring the height and length of the child's head directly. Measurement was performed three times by three different people. Cephalic height was measured by a digital calipers by placing each edge of the calipers on the nasion and gnathion. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the mean and standard deviation. Results: The analysis of height and cephalic length showed that the highest values were 9.28 cm and 18.13 cm, while the lowest were 7.43 cm and 13.43 cm, respectively. The means for Maxillary canine arch width and Maxillary molar arch width were 30.66 mm and 46.69 mm, respectively. For the Maxillary canine arch depth, the mean was 12.0 mm, while for the Maxillary molar arch depth was 28.65 mm. The palatal depth was 14.33. Conclusion: The majority of Bataknese children have a dolichocephalic head shape with a tapered maxillary dental arch and a narrow one.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Antropometria/métodos , Cefalometria , Cabeça , Odontometria , Ortodontia , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Estudos Observacionais como Assunto , Indonésia
16.
Natal; s.n; 2019. 119 p. tab, graf, ilus.
Tese em Português | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-1510227

RESUMO

Os déficits nutricionais apresentam relação com a síndrome da fragilidade, multimorbidade e estão associados à mortalidade em idosos residentes de Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPI). A fim de identificar precocemente o risco de déficits, podem ser utilizadas medidas antropométricas como peso, estatura, perímetros e dobras cutâneas. Quando não é possível medir peso e estatura, podem ser estimados por equações. O presente trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar o estado nutricional antropométrico, desenvolver e validar equações para estimativa de peso e estatura em idosos institucionalizados. O estudo foi conduzido com idosos residentes em ILPI de Natal/RN. Os dados antropométricos coletados foram peso, estatura, perímetros e dobras cutâneas. Para a análise do estado nutricional antropométrico foi realizada Análise de Componentes Principais estratificada por sexo e avaliados os escores fatoriais dos componentes extraídos em relação à faixa etária, tipo de ILPI, cor da pele, escolaridade, carga de adoecimento e restrição de mobilidade do idoso. Elaborouse equações de estimativa de peso e estatura a partir de regressão linear múltipla. Os modelos de regressão desenvolvidos levaram em consideração critérios estatísticos de confiabilidade, como o coeficiente de determinação (R²), o erro padrão de estimativa e o Critério de Informação de Akaike (AIC). As equações de predição foram validadas por testes de concordância como o Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse (CCI) e seu respectivo intervalo de confiança de 95%. A ACP identificou dois componentes: Estado Nutricional Antropométrico (ENA) e Estatura (E), que juntos explicaram 80,8% da variância acumulada para homens e mulheres. Em relação ao desenvolvimento das equações de estimativa de peso, foram desenvolvidos cinco modelos com diferentes medidas antropométricas: (1) utilizando o perímetro do braço como variável discriminante (Eq. Ia e Ib; CCI: 0,842), (2) com o melhor ajuste estatístico para homens e mulheres (Eq. II; CCI: 0,874), (3) e estratificado por sexo (Eq. IIIa e IIIb; CCI: 0,876), (4) com medidas de fácil realização para homens e mulheres (Eq. IV; CCI: 0,842) e (5) estratificado por sexo (Eq. Va e Vb; CCI: 0,828). Em relação à estimativa de estatura, foram desenvolvidas cinco equações com diferentes medidas antropométricas, os quais levam em consideração a altura do joelho (Eq. I; CCI: 0,863), comprimento da ulna (Eq. II; CCI: 0,766), hemi-envergadura (Eq. III; CCI: 0,815), comprimento da ulna e hemi-envergadura (Eq. IV; CCI: 0,834) e demienvergadura (Eq. V; CCI: 0,794). As diferenças observadas entre os componentes extraídos se dão especialmente entre as variáveis de restrição de mobilidade, o tipo de instituição e a escolaridade. Os idosos com mobilidade restrita, residentes em ILPI sem fins lucrativos e com menor escolaridade apresentam menores medianas de carga fatorial. Foram desenvolvidos e validados cinco modelos aplicáveis para estimativa de peso em idosos institucionalizados e cinco equações para estimativa da estatura. A escolha pela utilização das equações deve levar em consideração a possibilidade de realização de determinada medida. Foram encaminhados às ILPI participantes do estudo, relatórios com o diagnóstico nutricional dos idosos e um manual prático com as equações desenvolvidas para contribuir com o monitoramento do estado nutricional antropométrico desta população (AU).


Nutritional deficits are related to the syndrome of frailty, multimorbidity and are associated with mortality in elderly residents in nursing homes. In order to identify the risk of deficits early, anthropometric measures such as weight, height, perimeter and skinfolds may be used. When it is not possible to measure weight and height, they can be estimated by equations. This study aimed to evaluate anthropometric nutritional status, develop and validate equations for weight and height estimation in elderly residents in nursing homes. The study was conducted with elderly living in nursing homes in Brazil. The anthropometric data collected were weight, height, perimeters and skinfolds. For analyze the anthropometric nutritional status Principal Component Analysis stratified by sex was performed and the factorial scores of the chosen model were evaluated in relation to the age group, type of nursing home, racial/ethnic identity, schooling, burden of disease and functional capacity. Methods of weight and height estimation were elaborated by linear multiple regression. The regression models developed considered statistical reliability criteria, such as the coefficient of determination (R²), the standard error of the estimate and the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). The prediction equations were validated by concordance tests such as the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and its respective confidence interval (95% CI). For all analyzes, p values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. CPA identified two components: Anthropometric Nutritional Status (ANS) and Stature (S), which together explained 80.8% of cumulative variance for men and women. Regarding the development of weight estimation equations, five models with different anthropometric measurements were developed: (1) using arm perimeter as discriminant variable (Eq. Ia and Ib; ICC: 0.842), (2) with the best fit statistical analysis for men and women (Eq. II; ICC: 0.874), (3) and stratified by sex (Eq. IIIa and IIIb; ICC: 0.876), (4) with easy measures for men and women (Eq. IV; ICC: 0.842) and (5) stratified by sex (Eq. Va and Vb; ICC: 0.828). Regarding height estimation, five equations were developed with different anthropometric measurements, which take into account knee height (Eq. I; ICC: 0.863), ulna length (Eq. II; ICC: 0.766), hemispan (Eq. III; ICC: 0.815), ulna length and hemispan (I Eq. V; ICC: 0.834) and demispan (Eq. V; ICC: 0.794). The differences observed between the extracted components occur especially between the mobility restriction variables, the type of nursing home and the education level. The elderly with restricted mobility, residents in nonprofit nursing homes and with less education have lower median factor loadings. Five applicable models for weight estimation in institutionalized elderly and five equations for height estimation were developed and validated. The choice of using equations should take into consideration the possibility of performing a certain measure. To nursing homes were sent reports with the nutritional assessment of the elderly and a practical manual with the equations developed by present study to contribute to the monitoring of the anthropometric nutritional status (AU).


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Avaliação Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Saúde do Idoso Institucionalizado , Brasil , Antropometria/instrumentação , Saúde Pública , Estudos Transversais/métodos , Análise de Dados
17.
Rev. odontol. UNESP (Online) ; 48: e20190021, 2019. ilus, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-1043168

RESUMO

Abstract Introduction Tooth loss is a health disorder of the elderly population that may lead to masticatory deficiency and nutritional risks, inducing the biochemical changes of metabolic syndrome (MS). Objective To verify the relationship among number of teeth, anthropometric measurements, and MS in a group of elderly people. Material and method The study was developed in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, and it was divided into three phases. The first phase collected information from the database of all project participants and the second one collected sociodemographic, anthropometric, and biochemical data. The third phase was divided into two other phases: first, oral health interviews were applied to the elderly (281 patients evaluated by telephone and 23 visited at home) and second, 45 patients were randomly selected and invited to validate the data obtained by telephone with oral clinical examinations performed by a trained dental surgeon. The sample consisted of 304 individuals. The data collected were tabulated and analyzed using statistical tests. Result Elderly women with severe tooth loss present a significantly higher risk of developing MS. Thus, the maintenance of natural teeth in the elderly is a protective factor for the syndrome. Conclusion The findings support the hypothesis that the oral health of individuals, expressed by the number of teeth, may compromise and increase the risk of MS in the elderly.


Resumo Introdução A perda dentária é um distúrbio de saúde dos idosos que pode levar à deficiência mastigatória e riscos nutricionais, induzindo alterações bioquímicas da síndrome metabólica (SM). Objetivo Verificar a relação entre número de dentes, medidas antropométricas e SM em um grupo de idosos. Material e método O estudo foi desenvolvido na cidade de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, e foi dividido em três fases. A primeira fase coletou informações do banco de dados de todos os participantes do projeto e a segunda coletou dados sociodemográficos, antropométricos e bioquímicos. A terceira fase foi dividida em duas outras fases: primeiro foram aplicadas entrevistas de saúde bucal aos idosos (281 pacientes avaliados por ligações telefônicas e 23 atendidos em domicílio) e, segundo, 45 pacientes foram selecionados aleatoriamente e convidados a validar os dados obtidos por telefone com exames clínicos orais. A amostra foi composta por 304 indivíduos. Os dados coletados foram tabulados e analisados ​​por meio de testes estatísticos. Resultado Mulheres idosas com perda dentária severa apresentam um risco significativamente maior de desenvolver SM. Assim, a manutenção dos dentes naturais nos idosos é um fator protetor para a síndrome. Conclusão Os achados reforçam a hipótese de que a saúde bucal dos indivíduos, expressa pelo número de dentes, pode comprometer e aumentar o risco de SM em idosos.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antropometria , Síndrome Metabólica , Dentição , Doenças Periodontais , Saúde Bucal , Perda de Dente
18.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-965569

RESUMO

In the last decades, head and face imaging has shifted from two-dimensional (2D) representations (conventional radiography, photography) to three-dimensional (3D) techniques that can better depict the complex morphology of this part of the body, since they can provide a large number of additional anthropometric information [1-3]. 3D imaging systems can be divided into volumetric (computed tomography, cone beam computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging) and optical surface instruments (laser scanning, moiré techniques, stereophotogrammetry, patterned light techniques) [4]. These last are safe and not invasive, and provide a 3D representation of the external (cutaneous) facial surface.


Assuntos
Diagnóstico por Imagem/instrumentação , Fotogrametria/métodos , Criança , Adolescente , Face , Antropometria/métodos , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Precisão da Medição Dimensional
19.
São José dos Campos; s.n; 2018. 58 p. il., tab., graf..
Tese em Português | BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-947279

RESUMO

Esta pesquisa avaliou por meio de análise eletromiográfica de superfície (EMGs) os efeitos terapêuticos de um dispositivo intrabucal sobre as atividades elétricas dos músculos masseter (porção superficial) e temporal (porção anterior), bilateralmente, em pacientes com síndrome de Down. A amplitude de abertura bucal, a intensidade de força mastigatória total (FMT) foram, também, investigadas por meio de paquímetro e transdutor de força. Adicionalmente, medidas antropométricas, incluindo índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferências do pescoço (P) e abdominal (A) e relação cintura e quadril (RCQ) foram analisadas antes e após dois meses de terapia com DM. Dez pacientes com síndrome de Down, adultos, de ambos os gêneros, foram submetidos a uma terapia com um dispositivo mastigatório (DM). Os registros eletromiográficos foram realizados para avaliar a atividade elétrica dos músculos masseter e temporal, antes e após a terapia preconizada. Diante dos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que o DM promoveu diminuição das atividades elétricas do músculo temporal em condição de repouso da mandíbula e aumento da abertura bucal, conferindo um possível equilíbrio no sistema muscular mastigatório. A atividade elétrica na contração isométrica do músculo masseter e temporal foi aumentada, sugerindo uma maximização nas unidades motoras. A discreta redução do IMC e da RCQ indica, provavelmente, uma melhoria na distribuição de gordura corporal dos pacientes. Portanto, o DM colaborou para a melhoria do desempenho biomecânico da mastigação(AU)


This research evaluated the therapeutic effects of an intrabuccal device on the electrical activities of the masseter (superficial portion) and temporal (anterior portion) muscles, bilaterally, in patients with Down syndrome by means of surface electromyographic analysis (EMGs). The mouth opening amplitude and the total masticatory force intensity (FMT) were also investigated by means of a pachymeter and force transducer. In addition, anthropometric measurements, including body mass index (BMI), neck (P) and abdominal (A) circumference and waist and hip ratio (WHR) were analyzed before and after two months of DM therapy. Ten patients with Down syndrome, adults of both genders, underwent masticatory (DM) therapy. The electromyographic records were performed to evaluate the electrical activity of the masseter and temporal muscles, before and after the recommended therapy. In view of the obtained results, it was concluded that DM promoted a decrease in the electrical activities of the temporal muscle in a condition of rest of the mandible and increase of the buccal opening, conferring a possible balance in the muscular masticatory system. The electrical activity in the isometric contraction of the masseter and temporal muscle was increased, suggesting a maximization in the motor units. The discrete reduction in BMI and WHR probably indicates an improvement in patients' body fat distribution. Therefore, DM collaborated to improve the biomechanical performance of mastication (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Síndrome de Down , Antropometria/métodos , Eletromiografia/efeitos adversos , Hipotonia Muscular/complicações
20.
J. appl. oral sci ; 26: e20170408, 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-954518

RESUMO

Abstract Objectives: To compare the molar bite force, electromyographic activity, chewing efficiency and thickness of the masseter and temporalis muscles in individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and healthy individuals. Material and Methods: Thirty individuals enrolled in the study were divided into the study group (with ALS, n=15) and control group (healthy individuals, n=15). Data regarding molar bite force (right and left), electromyographic activity (mandibular rest, right and left laterality, protrusion, and maximum voluntary contraction), chewing efficiency (habitual and non-habitual), and masticatory muscle thickness (rest and maximum voluntary contraction) were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis (Student's t-test, p≤0.05). Results: Comparisons between the groups demonstrated a statistically significant increase in the electromyographic activity of the right masseter (p=0.03) and left masseter (p=0.03) muscles during mandibular rest; left masseter (p=0.00), right temporalis (p=0.00), and left temporalis (p=0.03) muscles during protrusion; and right masseter (p=0.00), left masseter (p=0.00), and left temporalis (p=0.00) muscles during left laterality, in individuals with ALS as compared with healthy individuals. A statistically significant decrease was observed in the habitual chewing efficiency of the right masseter (p=0.00) and right temporalis (p=0.04) muscles in individuals with ALS. No statistically significant difference between the groups was found the masticatory muscle thickness and maximal molar bite force. Conclusions: ALS may lead to modifications in the activities of the stomatognathic system, including muscular hyperactivity and reduction in chewing efficiency; however, no change has been observed in the masticatory muscle thickness and molar bite force.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Músculo Temporal/fisiopatologia , Força de Mordida , Esclerose Amiotrófica Lateral/fisiopatologia , Músculo Masseter/fisiopatologia , Mastigação/fisiologia , Valores de Referência , Músculo Temporal/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Antropometria , Ultrassonografia , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Eletromiografia , Lateralidade Funcional/fisiologia , Músculo Masseter/diagnóstico por imagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
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