Prospective, sentinel-site community surveillance of mortality and acute malnutrition in Haiti: concept paper

Il s'agit d'un document conceptuel qui présente une proposition d'implanter un système d'information sur la nutrition en Haïti suite au séisme de janvier 2010. Celui-ci à pour but d'appuyer le Ministère de la Santé Publique et de la Population haïtien et la communauté internationale présente dans le cadre de la réponse humanitaire, en leurs fournissant une information actualisée sur la mortalité de la population, la prévalence de la malnutrition et la couverture des interventions nutritionnelles. Pour y parvenir, la proposition consiste à mettre en place un système de surveillance prospective communautaire.

Four Months On: A Snapshot of Priority Reproductive Health Activities in Haiti

Ce document est une évaluation inter-agence du Dispositif minimum dÆurgence (DMU) pour la santé reproductive (SR) exécuté pendant les 4 premiers mois après le tremblement de terre de janvier 2010 en Haïti dans trois zones gravement touchées.

Mortality, violence and access to care in two districts of Port-au-Prince, Haiti

Cet article de recherche consiste en un sondage réalisé en 2007 auprès de la population de deux quartiers de Port-au-Prince en Haïti (Cité Soleil et Martissant) pour évaluer et faire le lien entre les causes de mortalité, le niveau et type de violence, et l'accès aux services de santé. Les résultats du sondage sont présentés en fonction des conséquences directes (mortalité, dommages physiques et psychologiques) et indirectes (déplacement et destruction de biens et possessions) de la violence. Il souligne l'importance d'assurer certaines conditions liées aux conditions de sécurité des personnes pour permettre leur accès aux services de santé.

Chapter 12 : Natural disasters

Disasters due to natural causes result in significant losses, physical destruction of dwellings, social and economic disruption, human pain and suffering, injury, and loss of life. This chapter presents the reader with a broad overview of the most frecuently occuring natural/environmental disasters, their impact on communities, and their associated morbidity and mortality. Disaster preparedness, prevention and mitigation activities specific to each type of disasters are discussed. Case studies of naturally ocurring disaster are presented as evidence of the scope of disaster's impact and can be used to evaluate previous disaster response efforts and to predict future needs (AU)

Chapter 16 : Biological and agents of concern

This chapter is designed to be an introduction to biological agents of concern, that is, a group of highly pathogenic bacteria and viruses with the potencial to cause significant public health impact in terms of morbidity and mortality, as well as social disruption and public panic, particulary when deployed as biological weapon. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has developed a hierarchical classication system for biological agents, ranking specific agents in Categories. A, B, and C, where Category A agents are the most virulent and pose the greatest public health threat. This chapter provides detailed descriptions of the Category A agents with special attention to epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis, treatment, and nursing care issues (AU)

The accuracy of mortality reporting in displaced persons camps during the post-emergency phase

For humanitarian organisations, accurate data are essential to identify emerging health problems and determine programme needs. We visited 45 post-emergency phase displaced persons camps and collected three month's mortality data wich we compared with organisations' routine mortality reports. Organisations reported 612 deaths and we identified 741 deaths, for a mortality-reporting, ratio, defined as the number of organisation-reported deaths divided by the number of investigator-identified deaths, of 83 per cent. For the majority of camps which under-reported deaths, mortality reporting ratios were significantly higher for women than men, and for camps with camps central mortality registers rather than those without. In the few camps wich over-reported deaths, these ocurred primarly among children younger than five years of age, probably due the inclusion of abortions and stillbirths. Despite the overall under-reporting of deaths by humanitarian organisations, the existing health information systems appear to estimate mortality rates adequately in these postemergency camps. Howevwe, organisations should improve the precision and completeness with which they report the characteristics of deaths in order to provide valuable data to target their programmes at the most vulnerable people. (AU)