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1.
In. NU. Departamento de Asuntos Humanitarios (DAH). Programa de Mitigación de Desastres en el Perú; Perú. Instituto Nacional de Defensa Civil (INDECI); Perú. Colegio de Ingenieros del Perú. Consejo Departamental de Lima. Seminario banco nacional de datos para la prevención y mitigación de desastres. Lima, NU. Departamento de Asuntos Humanitarios (DAH). Programa de Mitigación de Desastres en el Perú; Perú. Instituto Nacional de Defensa Civil (INDECI); Perú. Colegio de Ingenieros del Perú. Consejo Departamental de Lima, sep. 1995. p.4.
Não convencional em Es | Desastres | ID: des-12324

RESUMO

Los Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) son una nueva tecnología considerada esencial para analizar y transferir conocimientos del mundo real a un sistema de mapeo computarizado que permite la captura, almacenamiento, búsqueda, análisis y despliegue de datos espaciales sobre la realidad ambiental. Los datos brindados por estos sistemas tienen una gran importancia para ayudar a la toma de decisiones que involucra la planificación del desarrollo, la conservación del medio ambiente, el manejo adecuado de los recursos del país, así como para modelar los peligros naturales, la vulnerabilidad y los riesgos con resultados importantes en los escenarios geográficos. Los análisis espaciales de los datos se transforman en información adecuada e inmediata a la atención, prevención y mitigación de los desastres. Explica pues, este documento lo que son los sistemas de información geográfica y la modelación en el manejo de los desastres naturales


Assuntos
Desastres Naturais , Sistemas de Informação , Moldes Genéticos , Bases de Dados como Assunto , Zona de Risco de Desastre , Análise de Vulnerabilidade , Interpretação de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador
2.
Dordrecht; Kluwer Academic Press; 1993. 422 p. ilus, tab, mapas.(NATO ASI Series. Series C : Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 402).
Monografia em En | Desastres | ID: des-12362

RESUMO

The Mediterranean is one of the most studied regions of the world. In spite of this, a considerable spread of opinions exists about the geodynamic evolution and the present tectonic setting of this zone. The difficulty in recognizing the driving mechanisms of deformation is due to a large extent to the complex distribution in space and time of tectonic events, to the high number of parameters involved in this problem and to the scarce possibility of carrying out quantitative estimates of the deformation implied by the various geodynamic hypotheses. However, this great deal of the present ambiguity could be removed if there were more frequent and open discussions among the scientists who are working on this problem. The meeting of Erice was organized to provide an opportunity in this sense and the participants was made so as to set up a multidisciplinary group of experts in many fields of earth sciences, able to discuss in details all types of possible implications of the proposed geodynamic hypotheses. Presentations and discussions were mainly focused on some crucial problems, with particular reference to the Africa-Eurasia relative motion in the Mediterranean and to geodynamic processes and structural-seismotectonic features in the peri-Adriatic and eastern Mediterranean regions. As concerns the first problem, the main object of debate was the direction of the Africa-Eurasia convergence. So far, this information has been determined through the analysis of kinematic indicators in the North Atlantic. This meeting was also an ocassion to discuss results and potentiality of the seismograph network MEDNET installed as a joint project between the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica and World Laboratory in countries of the Mediterranean. A fundamental design goal followed to plan MEDNET was the study of Mediterranean upper mantle structure. Attractive tomographic images of the upper mantle were shown, deriving from the analysis of travel time data. Important features like the descending slab under the Aegean, and the remnant subduction system under the Apennines, could be recognized. However, the limitations of these images were also discussed


Assuntos
Geologia , Terremotos , Métodos , Moldes Genéticos , Redes de Monitoramento da Qualidade da Água
3.
In. Boschi, E., ed; Mantovani, E., ed; Morelli, A., ed. Recent evolution and seismicity of the Mediterranean region. Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Press, 1993. p.65-104, ilus, tab, mapas. (NATO ASI Series. Series C : Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 402).
Monografia em En | Desastres | ID: des-12365

RESUMO

The tectonic activity which has ocurred in the Central Mediterranean since the late Tortonian is explained as a result of the Africa-Eurasia convergence roughly along a SSW-NNE direction. This convergence has been first accommodated by a considerable reduction of the Adriatic foreland, through the consumption of its eastern and western margins, and then by the lateral escapes of crustal wedges, accompanied by crustal thickening, in the zone comprised between the Adriatic and African forelands. The lateral escapes of the Calabria and Sicily blocks, towards SE and NW respectively, have been allowed by the presence, at the sides of the most strongly compressed zone, of poorly constrained boundaries, corresponding to the thinned Ionian foreland and, to the zone of crustal stretching in the Tyrrhenian basin. This interpretative scheme allows physically plausible explanations of a considerable amount of geological, geophysical and volcanological evidence in the framework of relatively simple and coherent tectonic mechanisms


Assuntos
Geologia , Evolução Biológica , Moldes Genéticos
4.
In. Boschi, E., ed; Mantovani, E., ed; Morelli, A., ed. Recent evolution and seismicity of the Mediterranean region. Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Press, 1993. p.189-211, ilus, mapas. (NATO ASI Series. Series C : Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 402).
Monografia em En | Desastres | ID: des-12371

RESUMO

A broadband seismograph network can provide valuable information for the study of a complex area such as the Mediterranean. Besides enabling the detailed study of source processes, the network also supplies fundamental data for analyzing lithospheric and asthenospheric structure. These are the two main goals considered when planning the MEDNET network of very broadband stations. Three dimensional tomographic images of Mediterranean upper mantle have been obtained from bulletin travel time data. However, the complexity of body wave propagation at regional distances requires the analsis of full waveforms in order to identify correctly energy which has travelled along different paths. The high quality data that are now available from broadband seismograph allow further investigations, such as those based on surface waves and broadband body waveform modelling. The geographical distribution obtained through the stations of the MEDNET and other program makes up a dataset with a high potential which has been exploited only in part


Assuntos
Geologia , Redes de Monitoramento da Qualidade da Água , Tomografia , Métodos de Análise Laboratorial e de Campo , Moldes Genéticos
5.
In. Boschi, E., ed; Mantovani, E., ed; Morelli, A., ed. Recent evolution and seismicity of the Mediterranean region. Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Press, 1993. p.213-38, ilus, tab, mapas. (NATO ASI Series. Series C : Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 402).
Monografia em En | Desastres | ID: des-12372

RESUMO

The deployment of modern digital seismic networks is changing the seismological practice of estimating the earthquake size and source geometry. Here we discuss applications and limitations of the principal parameters used in quantifying earthquakes: magnitude, fault plane solutions and moment tensors. We present a method for the rapid determination of the moment tensor using digital waveforms from a regional network, suitable for application to regional earthquakes (up to 3000 km distance) and to significant global events. The algorithms are routinely applied to significant Mediterranean and global events using digital data recorded by MEDNET; we show results for the largest global earthquakes of 1990 and for 20 significant Mediterranean earthquakes of 1990-1992, including the large shocks in Romania (May 30, 1990), Iran (June 20, 1990), Caucasus (April 29, 1991), Turkey (March 13, 1992) and Egypt (October 12, 1992). The MEDNET results are consistent with focal mechanisms and CMTs derived from global data and local networks, proving that an advanced regional seismic network is capable of providing accurate, rapid control of regional and global seismicity


Assuntos
Geologia , Métodos de Análise Laboratorial e de Campo , Sistemas de Informação , Redes de Monitoramento da Qualidade da Água , Moldes Genéticos , Redes de Comunicação de Computadores
6.
In. Boschi, E., ed; Mantovani, E., ed; Morelli, A., ed. Recent evolution and seismicity of the Mediterranean region. Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Press, 1993. p.239-49, ilus, mapas. (NATO ASI Series. Series C : Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 402).
Monografia em En | Desastres | ID: des-12373

RESUMO

The Tertiary and active, large-scale, complex seismotectonic processes of the Greek area can be adequately interpreted by lithospheric rotations and subductions. Anomalies in the space, time and size distributions of earthquakes reflect seismotectonic complexity even in smaller scales. A new interpretation of the tomographic images is suggested to dissolve their strong contradiction with other geophysical observations. Two 2-D interrelated lithospheric models are proposed to integrate many types of observations into a unified picture of the active deformation of the Greek area. There is a general need of such multidisciplinary approaches for understanding better geodynamic phenomena taking place in complex areas such as the Greek one


Assuntos
Geologia , Tomografia , Interpretação de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Grécia , Moldes Genéticos
7.
In. Boschi, E., ed; Mantovani, E., ed; Morelli, A., ed. Recent evolution and seismicity of the Mediterranean region. Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Press, 1993. p.251-60, ilus, mapas. (NATO ASI Series. Series C : Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 402).
Monografia em En | Desastres | ID: des-12374

RESUMO

A seismotectonic model of the eastern Alps - northern Dinarides has been derived by considering all the available geological and geophysical information. The present-day seismicity, which is well documented because of the presence of a regional seismometric network, was of particular importance. The seismic area is the pre-Alpine belt which continues eastwards along the Croatian coast; it is delimited southwards by the presently active Alpine and Dinaric fronts and northwards by some significant subvertical faults. Along this belt, the most active zones are those where tectonic systems intersect


Assuntos
Geologia , Terremotos , Moldes Genéticos , Redes de Monitoramento da Qualidade da Água
8.
In. Boschi, E., ed; Mantovani, E., ed; Morelli, A., ed. Recent evolution and seismicity of the Mediterranean region. Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Press, 1993. p.269-94, ilus, mapas. (NATO ASI Series. Series C : Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 402).
Monografia em En | Desastres | ID: des-12376

RESUMO

In the present paper the source process of some large earthquakes occurred in Greece is discussed in terms of the distribution of the asperities or barriers on the fault plane. The source process has been revealed by the inversion of teleseismic long period body waves using two different techniques. Based on the obtained source time functions an attempt is made to explain the low stress drop values for the earthquakes occurred in Greece. It seems that the stress drops computed by using Brune's model are an average estimate and do not reflect to some seismotectonic characteristics of the focal region


Assuntos
Terremotos , Geologia , Métodos de Análise Laboratorial e de Campo , Grécia , Moldes Genéticos , Sistemas Computacionais
9.
In. Boschi, E., ed; Mantovani, E., ed; Morelli, A., ed. Recent evolution and seismicity of the Mediterranean region. Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Press, 1993. p.403-22, ilus, tab, mapas. (NATO ASI Series. Series C : Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 402).
Monografia em En | Desastres | ID: des-12382

RESUMO

The publication of Global Paleomagnetic Database allows an easier use of the paleomagnetic data, which are fundamental tools to constraint regional and global geodynamic models. The Stable Africa and Stable Europe, the Arabian plate and finally the Mediterranean region paleomagnetic data, over Mesozoic-Cenozoic, have been critically re-examined using suitable computer programs developed at the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica. The data have been selected on the basis of space, time and quality filtering with the convinction that the higher quality data are more useful for geodynamic studies, than averaging larger databases without any filtering of original studies. Besides the extraction software, a mapping program to plot sampling localities and paleopoles with associate confidence ellipses, using cartographic projections, enhances the understanding of the mutual relations among groups of paleopole belonging to different areas. The African and European Apparent Polar Wander Paths (APWPs) has been computed, using only higher quality African and European data respectively, and compared with some already published APWPs. Some applications to regional tectonics of the Mediterranean region have been done. In particular Italy and Istria have been considered


Assuntos
Geologia , Bases de Dados como Assunto , Moldes Genéticos , Software , Software , Mapa , Amostragem , Sistemas de Informação
10.
Emergency Planning Digest ; 12(2): 12-8, Apr.-Jun. 1985. ilus
Artigo em En | Desastres | ID: des-12390

RESUMO

Communities develop specific mechanisms to manage the risk associated with natural and man-made events. The complexity of those mechanisms depends on societal expectations, community wealth, and perceived level of risk. These mechanisms usually take the form of comprehensive plans to manage the event within the context of the community's resources and features. Emergency planners remark that plans are of limited use without the resources to carry them out. An informal survey suggests that a system that allows an emergency manager to store and retrieve information about community resources would fill a very real Canadian need. Computer simulation models play an important role in emergency planning. Models are used to identify hazard areas, manage evacuations, and predict the behaviour of fires and spills. This paper introduces several concepts and techniques that may be useful in the design of SRMIS and identifies areas for future research


Assuntos
Bases de Dados como Assunto , Planejamento em Desastres , Medição de Risco , Amostragem , Simulação por Computador , Moldes Genéticos , Sistemas Computacionais , Coleta de Dados
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