Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 127
Filtrar
1.
Radiología (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 66(2): 155-165, Mar.- Abr. 2024. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-231517

RESUMO

A los pacientes que acuden a urgencias con síntomas inflamatorio/infecciosos a nivel cervical o con masas que pueden comprometer el tracto aerodigestivo o las estructuras vasculares, es necesario hacerles una tomografía computarizada (TC) de cuello con contraste. Su interpretación radiológica se ve dificultada por la complejidad anatómica y la interrelación fisiopatológica entre los diferentes sistemas que lo componen, en un área de estudio relativamente pequeña. Estudios recientes proponen realizar una evaluación sistemática de las estructuras cervicales, utilizando para ello un listado de verificación de 7 elementos, para identificar correctamente la patología, y detectar los hallazgos incidentales que pueden interferir en el manejo del paciente. El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar los hallazgos de la TC en la patología no traumática del cuello en urgencias siguiendo una lectura sistemática, tras la cual se pueda realizar un informe radiológico estructurado, completo y conciso.(AU)


Patients attending the emergency department (ED) with cervical inflammatory/infectious symptoms or presenting masses that may involve the aerodigestive tract or vascular structures require a contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan of the neck. Its radiological interpretation is hampered by the anatomical complexity and pathophysiological interrelationship between the different component systems in a relatively small area. Recent studies propose a systematic evaluation of the cervical structures, using a 7-item checklist, to correctly identify the pathology and detect incidental findings that may interfere with patient management. As a conclusion, the aim of this paper is to review CT findings in non-traumatic pathology of the neck in the ED, highlighting the importance of a systematic approach in its interpretation and synthesis of a structured, complete, and concise radiological report.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Serviços Médicos de Emergência , Trato Gastrointestinal/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Pescoço/diagnóstico por imagem
2.
Int. microbiol ; 27(1): 127-142, Feb. 2024. graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-230249

RESUMO

Digestive and respiratory tracts are inhabited by rich bacterial communities that can vary between their different segments. In comparison with other bird taxa with developed caeca, parrots that lack caeca have relatively lower variability in intestinal morphology. Here, based on 16S rRNA metabarcoding, we describe variation in microbiota across different parts of parrot digestive and respiratory tracts both at interspecies and intraspecies levels. In domesticated budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus), we describe the bacterial variation across eight selected sections of respiratory and digestive tracts, and three non-destructively collected sample types (faeces, and cloacal and oral swabs). Our results show important microbiota divergence between the upper and lower digestive tract, but similarities between respiratory tract and crop, and also between different intestinal segments. Faecal samples appear to provide a better proxy for intestinal microbiota composition than the cloacal swabs. Oral swabs had a similar bacterial composition as the crop and trachea. For a subset of tissues, we confirmed the same pattern also in six different parrot species. Finally, using the faeces and oral swabs in budgerigars, we revealed high oral, but low faecal microbiota stability during a 3-week period mimicking pre-experiment acclimation. Our findings provide a basis essential for microbiota-related experimental planning and result generalisation in non-poultry birds.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Papagaios/metabolismo , Trato Gastrointestinal/microbiologia , Microbiota , Bactérias/genética , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Sistema Respiratório/microbiologia , Trato Gastrointestinal/metabolismo , Microbiologia , Técnicas Microbiológicas , Microbiota/genética , Periquitos
3.
Rev. esp. enferm. dig ; 115(12): 713-714, Dic. 2023. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-228707

RESUMO

El conducto onfalomesentérico es una estructura embrionaria que comunica el saco vitelino con el intestino medio, generalmente desapareciendo entre la quinta y la novena semanas de vida intrauterina. La persistencia del conducto onfalomesentérico, presente hasta en un 2% de la población, es una anomalía congénita del tracto gastrointestinal que puede presentarse en forma de abdomen agudo, oclusión intestinal o hemorragia digestiva.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Abdome Agudo/diagnóstico , Ducto Vitelino , Gastroenteropatias/complicações , Gastroenteropatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Trato Gastrointestinal/cirurgia , Apêndice/cirurgia , Pacientes Internados , Exame Físico , Dor Abdominal , Emergências , Apendicectomia
4.
Rev. esp. enferm. dig ; 115(12): 733-734, Dic. 2023. ilus
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-228723

RESUMO

We present the case of a 34-year-old man with daily vomiting and 20% weight loss in a year. A gastroduodenoscopy was performed, noticing 2nd and 3rd duodenal portion dilatation and inflammatory involvement of the 3rd and 4th portion, causing luminal stenosis. These findings are the same than in the magnetic resonance . The biopsy proves the histological diagnosis of Crohn's disease. At the beginning the patient was treated with Prednisone, Adalimumab and Ustekinumab. After 9 months, surgery was decided because the disease was refractory to treatment and there was corticosteroid dependence. A partial resection of 3rd and 4th portion of the duodenum and the first loop of jejunum was performed, with duodenojejunal anastomosis. The patient presents good postoperative evolution and after 1 year he remained asymptomatic under treatment with Ustekinumab.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Constrição Patológica , Trato Gastrointestinal/anormalidades , Duodeno/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Doença de Crohn/tratamento farmacológico , Gastroenteropatias , Pacientes Internados , Exame Físico , Prednisona/administração & dosagem , Adalimumab/administração & dosagem , Ustekinumab/administração & dosagem , Doença de Crohn/diagnóstico por imagem
5.
Rev. esp. enferm. dig ; 115(12): 735-736, Dic. 2023. mapas
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-228725

RESUMO

NETs (neuroendocrine tumors) constitute a heterogeneous group of epithelial-type neoplasms with a predominantly neuroendocrine differentiation. Although the most common locations are the pancreas, digestive tract, and lung, this type of neoplasm can arise in virtually any organ in the body. They are rare tumors with a wide variety of clinical presentations. Symptomatic tumors are more frequent in younger patients and present at more advanced pathological stages. We present the case of a 42-year-old male with idiopathic splenomegaly and bicytopenia (anaemia and thrombocytopenia) under study by haematology department who was admitted due to an episode of melena and hemoglobin of 4.5 mg/dl. Isolated gastric varices (IGV1) with red spots were confirmed at gastroscopy and endoscopic variceal obturation using cyanoacrylate was performed in two sessions. An endoscopic ultrasonography was performed, showing thrombosis of the splenic vein extending towards the splenoportal confluence with anechoic serpiginous structures outside and inside the gastric wall suggestive of collateral circulation with gastric varices (GV). An increase in portal caliber was observed, with no signs of liver cirrhosis. Computed tomography confirms the findings. Two months/week/days later he was readmitted with rebleeding signs after starting anticoagulant treatment, so it was decided to perform a splenectomy due to failure of the endoscopic treatment. Histology revealed infiltration of the spleen by a well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor (NET). Gallium PET/CT and Octreotid scan showed uptake in the body and tail of the pancreas with positivity for somatostatin receptors previously undetected by other means. Finally, treatment was completed with distal pancreatectomy and splenoportal axis trombectomy with vascular esplenic resection and the patient was discharged from hospital.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Varizes Esofágicas e Gástricas/complicações , Trato Gastrointestinal/lesões , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/tratamento farmacológico , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal , Neoplasias Pancreáticas , Resultado do Tratamento , Pacientes Internados , Exame Físico , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/diagnóstico , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Pâncreas/lesões
6.
Clin. transl. oncol. (Print) ; 25(11): 3165-3173, 11 nov. 2023. ilus, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-226841

RESUMO

Purpose Radiotherapy is a critical component of cancer treatment, along with surgery and chemotherapy. Approximately, 90% of cancer patients undergoing pelvic radiotherapy show gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity, including bloody diarrhea, and gastritis, most of which are associated with gut dysbiosis. In addition to the direct effect of radiation on the brain, pelvic irradiation can alter the gut microbiome, leading to inflammation and breakdown of the gut–blood barrier. This allows toxins and bacteria to enter the bloodstream and reach the brain. Probiotics have been proven to prevent GI toxicity by producing short-chain fatty acids and exopolysaccharides beneficial for protecting mucosal integrity and oxidative stress reduction in the intestine and also shown to be beneficial in brain health. Microbiota plays a significant role in maintaining gut and brain health, so it is important to study whether bacterial supplementation will help in maintaining the gut and brain structure after radiation exposure. Methods In the present study, male C57BL/6 mice were divided into control, radiation, probiotics, and probiotics + radiation groups. On the 7th day, animals in the radiation and probiotics + radiation groups received a single dose of 4 Gy to whole-body. Posttreatment, mice were sacrificed, and the intestine and brain tissues were excised for histological analysis to assess GI and neuronal damage. Results Radiation-induced damage to the villi height and mucosal thickness was mitigated by the probiotic treatment significantly (p < 0.01). Further, radiation-induced pyknotic cell numbers in the DG, CA2, and CA3 areas were substantially reduced with bacterial supplementation (p < 0.001). Similarly, probiotics reduced neuronal inflammation induced by radiation in the cortex, CA2, and DG region (p < 0.01) (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Masculino , Camundongos , Probióticos/uso terapêutico , Protetores contra Radiação , Trato Gastrointestinal/efeitos da radiação , Neurônios/efeitos da radiação , Inflamação/metabolismo , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Modelos Animais de Doenças
7.
Int. microbiol ; 26(4): 961-972, Nov. 2023. graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-227484

RESUMO

Phytases are specialized enzymes meant for phytic acid degradation. They possess ability to prevent phytic acid indigestion, including its attendant environmental pollution. This study was aimed at investigating biochemical properties of purified phytase of B. cereus isolated from Achatina fulica. Phytase produced from Bacillus cereus that exhibited optimal phytate degrading-ability of all the bacteria isolated was purified in a three-step purification. The biochemical properties of the purified enzyme were also determined. The phytase homogeny of approximately 45 kDa exhibited 12.8-purification fold and 1.6% yield with optima phytate degrading efficiency and maximum stability at pH 7 and 50 °C. Remaining activity of 52 and 47% obtained between 60 and 70 °C after 2 h further established thermostability of the purified phytase. Mg2+ and Zn2+ enhanced phytate hydrolysis by the enzyme, while Na+ showed mild inhibition but Hg2+ severely inhibited the enzymatic activity. Km and Vmax were estimated to be 0.11 mM and 55.6 μmol/min/mL, displaying enzyme-high substrate affinity and catalytic efficiency, respectively. Phytase purified from Bacillus cereus, isolated from African giant snails, has shown excellent characteristics suitable for phytic acid hydrolysis and could be employed in industrial and biotechnological applications.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Ácido Fítico/química , 6-Fitase/química , Trato Gastrointestinal , Bacillus cereus/metabolismo , Caramujos/metabolismo , Prótons , 6-Fitase/metabolismo , Microbiologia , Técnicas Microbiológicas , Ácido Fítico/metabolismo
8.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 47(10): 603-615, oct. 2023. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-226336

RESUMO

La descontaminación digestiva selectiva (DDS) es una estrategia profiláctica cuyo objetivo es prevenir o erradicar el sobrecrecimiento bacteriano en la flora intestinal que precede al desarrollo de la mayoría de las infecciones en la UCI. La DDS previene infecciones graves, reduce la mortalidad, es coste-efectiva, no tiene efectos adversos, y su uso a corto o largo plazo no muestra un aumento significativo de la resistencia antimicrobiana. La DDS es una de las intervenciones más evaluadas en pacientes críticos, a pesar de lo cual su uso no se ha generalizado. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una revisión narrativa de la evidencia más relevante y una actualización de los conceptos fisiopatológicos de control de la infección en los que se fundamenta el uso de la DDS. (AU)


Selective digestive decontamination (SDD) is a prophylactic strategy aimed at preventing or eradicating the bacterial overgrowth in the intestinal flora that precedes the development of most infections in the ICU. SDD prevents serious infections, reduces mortality, is cost-effective, has no adverse effects, and its short- or long-term use does not show a significant increase in antimicrobial resistance.SDD is one of the most evaluated interventions in critically ill patients, yet its use is not widespread. The aim of this article is to present a narrative review of the most relevant evidence and an update of the pathophysiological concepts of infection control supporting the use of SDD. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Descontaminação/métodos , Trato Gastrointestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Trato Gastrointestinal/fisiopatologia , Antibioticoprofilaxia , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Controle de Infecções
9.
Cir. Esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 101(10): 712-720, oct. 2023. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-226501

RESUMO

La endoscopia flexible (EF) es un procedimiento de gran utilidad para el manejo diagnóstico y terapéutico de lesiones del tracto digestivo superior. A pesar de que su uso intraoperatorio se ha extendido con el paso de los años, su empleo por parte de cirujanos es aún limitado en nuestro medio. Las oportunidades de capacitación en EF varían ampliamente entre instituciones, especialidades y países. La endoscopia intraoperatoria (EIO) presenta ciertas peculiaridades que aumentan su complejidad respecto a la EF estándar. La realización de EIO repercute positivamente en los resultados quirúrgicos aportándoles seguridad y calidad así como disminución de las complicaciones asociadas a estas técnicas. Debido a sus innumerables ventajas, su uso intraoperatorio por parte de cirujanos es actualmente un proyecto vigente en muchos países y forma parte de un futuro próximo en otros, extendiéndose su uso dentro de la especialidad de cirugía general gracias a la creación de proyectos de formación mejor estructurados. En este manuscrito se realiza una revisión y puesta al día de las indicaciones y utilidades de la endoscopia digestiva alta intraoperatoria en la cirugía esofagogástrica. (AU)


Flexible endoscopy (FE) plays a major role in the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal disease. Although its intraoperative use has spread over the years, its use by surgeons is still limited in our setting. EF training opportunities are different among many institutions, specialties, and countries. Intraoperative endoscopy (IOE) presents peculiarities that increase its complexity compared to standard EF. IOE has a positive impact on surgical results, due to increased safety and quality, as well as a reduction in the complications. Due to its innumerable advantages, its intraoperative use by surgeons is currently a current project in many countries and is part of the near future in others because of the creation of better structured training projects. This manuscript reviews and updates the indications and uses of intraoperative upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in esophagogastric surgery. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Endoscopia/métodos , Junção Esofagogástrica/cirurgia , Endoscopia do Sistema Digestório , Trato Gastrointestinal/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Gastrointestinais/cirurgia
10.
Nutr. hosp., Supl ; 40(SUP. 2): 46-50, 2023. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-228695

RESUMO

La anorexia nerviosa (AN) es una enfermedad psiquiátrica, con elevada prevalencia y comorbilidades, caracterizada por una baja tasa de respuestaal tratamiento. Se considera una enfermedad multifactorial. En los últimos años se ha puesto el foco en la presencia de disbiosis intestinal ysu posible implicación como factor causal, así como alternativa de tratamiento. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido revisar el estado actual delconocimiento de las alteraciones en la microbiota intestinal identificadas en pacientes con AN y la posibilidad del uso de probióticos como alternativa terapéutica. Se han descrito importantes cambios en la diversidad de las especies asociadas a la pérdida de peso que podrían contribuira perpetuar el trastorno y que explicarían muchas de las alteraciones nutricionales, gastrointestinales, psicológicas y cognitivas presentes enestos pacientes. El uso de probióticos, poco estudiado aún en pacientes con AN, abre una nueva ventana para mejorar la respuesta, siempre dela mano de los tratamientos convencionales. (AU)


Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychiatric disease with a high prevalence and comorbidities, characterized by a low response rate to treatment.It is considered as a multifactorial disease. In recent years, the focus has been placed on the presence of intestinal dysbiosis and its possibleinvolvement as a causal factor as well as an alternative treatment. The objective of this work has been to review the current state of knowledge ofalterations in the intestinal microbiota identified in patients with AN and the possibility of using probiotics as a therapeutic alternative. Significantchanges in the diversity of species associated with weight loss have been described that could favor the perpetuation of the disorder, and that wouldexplain many of the nutritional, gastrointestinal, psychological, and cognitive alterations present in these patients. The use of probiotics, still littlestudied in patients with AN, sheds some light on this matter to improve the treatment response, always hand in hand with conventional treatments. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Anorexia Nervosa/psicologia , Anorexia Nervosa/terapia , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/fisiologia , Trato Gastrointestinal , Cérebro , Microbiota
11.
Rev. esp. enferm. dig ; 114(12): 767-768, diciembre 2022. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-213553

RESUMO

El síndrome del conducto pancreático desconectado (SCPD) es debido a la interrupción del conducto pancreático (CP) principal o sus ramas secundarias, complicación presente entre un 30-80% de las pancreatitis agudas necrotizantes. La secreción de enzimas pancreáticas por el tejido pancreático aislado funcionante puede facilitar la recurrencia de colecciones necróticas encapsuladas, por lo que su manejo endoscópico sigue siendo un tema controvertido en la práctica diaria. Exponemos un caso de síndrome de ducto pancreático desconectado resuelto tras colocación de prótesis pancreática. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pancreatite , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Pacientes , Trato Gastrointestinal
13.
Rev. esp. patol ; 55(4): 267-273, Oct-Dic. 2022. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-210617

RESUMO

El tumor neuroectodérmico maligno del tracto gastrointestinal (GNET) es una neoplasia maligna sumamente rara, descrita por primera vez por Zambrano et al. en 2003 como tumor similar al sarcoma de células claras del tracto gastrointestinal, pues a diferencia del sarcoma de células claras posee células gigantes osteoclásticas y positividad difusa e intensa para S-100 con ausencia inmunohistoquímica y ultraestructural de diferenciación melanocítica. La presente publicación busca aportar los 2 primeros casos de GNET reportados en nuestro país, Perú, y América Latina. Reportamos 2 casos de GNET, en paciente mujer y en varón, ambos en la sexta década de la vida, cuyos casos llegaron a nuestra institución para reevaluación diagnóstica. Uno de los casos continuó tratamiento en nuestro instituto con evolución desfavorable. El conocimiento de su existencia y criterios diagnósticos por los patólogos es necesario para evitar confundirla y maldiagnosticarla con alguna otra neoplasia gastrointestinal no epitelial.(AU)


Malignant gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumour (GNET) is an extremely rare neoplasm first described by Zambrano in 2003 as clear cell sarcoma like tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. In contrast to clear cell sarcoma, it has giant osteoclast cells and shows diffuse and intense positivity for S-100 with no immunohistochemical or ultrastructural melanocyte differentiation. We present the first cases of GNET reported in South America, occurring in Peru. Two cases of GNET, one in a female and one in a male, both between 60 and 70 years of age, were referred to our hospital for reevaluation. One underwent further treatment in our centre, but with an unfavourable evolution. Pathologists should be aware of the diagnostic criteria for GNET in order to avoid misdiagnosis due to confusion with other non-epithelial gastrointestinal neoplasms.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Trato Gastrointestinal , Tumores Neuroectodérmicos Primitivos Periféricos , Proteína EWS de Ligação a RNA , Pacientes Internados , Exame Físico , Avaliação de Sintomas , Anamnese , Neoplasias da Mama , Carcinoma Neuroendócrino , Neoplasias , Patologia , Serviço Hospitalar de Patologia
14.
Gastroenterol. hepatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 45(8): 605-613, Oct. 2022. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-210868

RESUMO

Background and aims: Achieving adequate bowel cleansing is of utmost importance for the efficiency of colon capsule endoscopy (CCE). However, information about predictive factors is lacking. The aim of this study was to assess the predictive factors of poor bowel cleansing in the CCE setting. Methods: In this observational study, 126 patients who underwent CCE at two tertiary care hospitals were included between June 2017 and January 2020. Participants prepared for bowel cleansing with a 1-day clear liquid diet, a 4-L split-dose polyethylene glycol regimen and boosters with sodium phosphate, sodium amidotrizoate and meglumine amidotrizoate. Domperidone tablets and bisacodyl suppositories were administered when needed. Overall and per-segment bowel cleansing was evaluated using a CCE cleansing score. Simple and multiple logistic regression analysis were carried out to assess poor bowel cleansing and excretion rate predictors. Results: Overall bowel cleansing was optimal in 53 patients (50.5%). Optimal per-segment bowel cleansing was achieved as follows: cecum (86 patients; 74.8%), transverse colon (91 patients; 81.3%), distal colon (81 patients; 75%) and rectum (64 patients; 66.7%). In the univariate analysis, elderly (OR, 1.03; 95% CI (1.01–1.076)) and constipation (OR, 3.82; 95% CI (1.50–9.71)) were associated with poor bowel cleansing. In the logistic regression analysis, constipation (OR, 3.77; 95% CI (1.43–10.0)) was associated with poor bowel cleansing. No variables were significantly associated with the CCE device excretion rate. Conclusion: Our results suggest that constipation is the most powerful predictor of poor bowel cleansing in the CCE setting. Tailored cleansing protocols should be recommended for these patients.(AU)


Antecedentes y objetivos Lograr una limpieza intestinal adecuada es de gran importancia para la eficiencia de la cápsula endoscópica de colon (CEC). Se carece de información sobre factores predictivos. El objetivo fue evaluar los factores predictivos de la limpieza colónica deficiente en pacientes con CEC. Métodos: Ciento veintiséis pacientes fueron sometidos a CEC en dos hospitales de tercer nivel entre junio de 2017 y enero de 2020. La preparación consistió en un día de dieta líquida, y 4 l de polietilenglicol (dosis fraccionada), fosfato sódico, amidotrizoato de sodio y meglumina amidotrizoato. Ocasionalmente se administró domperidona y supositorios de bisacodilo. Se evaluó limpieza total y por segmentos. Se realizó un análisis de regresión logística simple y múltiple para evaluar factores de limpieza deficiente y de excreción de la CEC. Resultados: La limpieza intestinal fue óptima en 53 pacientes (50,5%). Por segmentos fue: ciego y ascendente (86 pacientes; 74,8%), transverso (91 pacientes; 81,3%), distal (81 pacientes; el 75%) y recto (64 pacientes; 66,7%). En la regresión simple, la edad avanzada (OR, 1,03, IC 95% [1,01-1,076]) y el estreñimiento (OR, 3,82; IC 95% [1,50-9,71]) se asociaron con una limpieza deficiente. El estreñimiento (OR, 3,77; IC del 95% [1,43-10,0]) fue el único factor asociado de forma independiente. Ninguna variable se asoció a la tasa de excreción de la CEC. Conclusión: Nuestros resultados sugieren que el estreñimiento es el factor más potente de la limpieza deficiente colónica en el estudio endoscópico con CEC. Protocolos de limpieza adaptados se deben recomendar en estos pacientes.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Previsões , Cápsulas Endoscópicas , Constipação Intestinal , Colo , Trato Gastrointestinal , Fatores Etários , Gastroenterologia , Doenças do Colo
15.
Radiología (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 64(3): 245-255, May-Jun 2022. graf, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-204582

RESUMO

Objetivo: Revisar los principales hallazgos radiológicos de la anisakiasis en las diferentes pruebas de imagen que se pueden utilizar en su diagnóstico, basándonos en estudios realizados en nuestro centro. Conclusión: La contaminación alimentaria por Anisakis muestra una tendencia creciente en países occidentales. Habitualmente se presenta como un cuadro de patología abdominal aguda, sin datos clínicos o analíticos característicos. Una anamnesis cuidadosa es clave para descubrir el antecedente de exposición, pero se ve dificultada al ser un proceso poco conocido o sospechado y con un periodo de latencia variable. Al tratarse de cuadros poco específicos, a estos pacientes con frecuencia se les realizan pruebas radiológicas para descartar otros procesos. Por ello, es recomendable familiarizarse con los posibles hallazgos en imagen que permitan incluir la anisakiasis en el diagnóstico diferencial, lo que podría guiar al clínico hacia una anamnesis dirigida y pruebas específicas.(AU)


Objective: To review the main findings for anisakiasis in the different imaging tests that can be used to diagnose it, based on studies done at our center. Conclusion: The presence of Anisakis species in food consumed in Western countries is becoming more common. Patients with anisakiasis present with acute abdomen; there are no specific clinical signs or laboratory findings. Careful history taking is key to discovering exposure to Anisakis-contaminated food, but this task is hindered by unfamiliarity with the condition and lack of suspicion and is also confounded by the variable latency period after ingestion of Anisakis-contaminated food. Give the nonspecific presentation, patients with anisakiasis often undergo imaging tests to rule out other processes. Thus, radiologists need to be familiar with the spectrum of imaging findings that should lead to the inclusion of anisakiasis in the differential diagnosis, so they can guide clinicians toward directed history taking and specific tests.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Anisaquíase/diagnóstico por imagem , Contaminação de Alimentos , Nematoides , Dor Abdominal , Anamnese , Ultrassonografia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Doenças Parasitárias , Doenças Parasitárias em Animais , Trato Gastrointestinal , Radiologia
16.
Rev. toxicol ; 39(1): 16-18, ene.-jun. 2022.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-206826

RESUMO

Recientemente, el interés por el óxido de grafeno reducido (OGr) se ha visto incrementado debido a sus numerosas propiedades. Considerando que el uso de estos materiales ha aumentado en los últimos años, esto puede suponer un mayor riesgo para la salud humana. La vía oral es una de las principales rutas de exposición, por lo que es importante determinar cuáles son los principales efectos tóxicos sobre el sistema hepato-gastrointestinal. En este sentido, el objetivo de este estudio es revisar los posibles efectos tóxicos in vitro del OGr en las principales líneas celulares de los sistemas intestinal y hepático. Los resultados muestran que el OGr podría ser tóxico en modelos in vitro; sin embargo, son necesarios un mayor número de investigaciones para determinar los posibles mecanismos de toxicidad. (AU)


Recently, the interest in reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has increased due to its myriad of properties. Considering the higher use of this material in the last years, it is important to evaluate its potential risk on human health. The oral pathway is one of the main exposure routes, therefore, it is important to assess its toxic effects on the hepato-gastrointestinal system. In this sense, the aim of this study is to review the potential in vitro toxic effects of rGO on gastrointestinal and liver cell lines. The results obtained showed that rGO could be toxic in in vitro models; however, further toxicological studies are required to define its mechanisms of toxicity. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Trato Gastrointestinal , Toxicidade , Técnicas In Vitro
17.
Cir. Esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 99(10): 716-723, dic. 2021. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-218841

RESUMO

La cavidad oral constituye la puerta de entrada al complejo sistema digestivo, por lo que el conocimiento de los mecanismos que los vinculan es de vital importancia. En los últimos años la patología dental y oral ha sido analizada como potencial factor de riesgo de enfermedades vinculadas al estilo de vida y, por tanto, se está considerando como una posible interesante vía de prevención. Realizamos una revisión narrativa con búsqueda bibliográfica exhaustiva en las bases de datos MEDLINE y SCOPUS, incluyendo artículos internacionales que relacionan la salud oral con neoplasias del tracto digestivo, publicados entre 2015 y 2020. El objetivo de esta revisión es analizar la evidencia existente sobre la potencial asociación entre salud bucodental y procesos carcinogénicos del tracto gastrointestinal, proporcionando una posible futura vía de prevención a nivel odontológico. Como objetivo secundario, se fomenta concienciar sobre la importancia de la salud oral como nuevo paradigma y variable de estudio en el ámbito de la investigación médico-sanitaria. (AU)


The oral cavity represents the gateway to the complex digestive system, so the knowledge of the exact mechanisms that link them is vitally important. Recently, oral and dental pathologies have been studied as potential risk factors for pathologies linked to lifestyle habits. Therefore, it could be considered as an interesting preventive way. We conducted a narrative review with a thorough bibliographic search on MEDLINE and SCOPUS, including international studies related to oral healthcare and gastrointestinal neoplasms, published between 2015 and 2020. The primary aim of this revision is to analyze the association between oral healthcare and carcinogenic gastrointestinal processes, providing a possible future preventive strategy for dental care. Moreover, we intend to raise awareness about the importance of oral healthcare as a new paradigm and study variable in the global health care system. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Saúde Bucal , Neoplasias Gastrointestinais , Odontologia , Trato Gastrointestinal , Microbiota
18.
Reumatol. clín. (Barc.) ; 17(9): 499-503, Nov. 2021. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-213354

RESUMO

Introduction/objective: Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs are the cornerstone in the treatment of acute and chronic pain due to inflammation in musculoskeletal conditions. Even though adverse side-effects are associated, their use is common in the elderly patients. Our aim is to determine the prescription trend of NSAIDs, the evaluation for gastrointestinal (GI) and cardiovascular (CV) risks, and the level of agreement with prescription guidelines. Methods: We conducted an observation and descriptive study in a general hospital geriatrics consultation. Results: From the 231 patients only 59 patients had a NSAIDs prescription. The most frequently prescribed was Acetaminophen, in 29(49.1%) patients, Celecoxib was prescribed in 11(18.6%) patients, Piroxicam in 5(8.4%) patients, Acetaminophen plus Celecoxib plus Omeprazole in 4 (6.7%), Acetaminophen plus Piroxicam in 2 (0.3%) patients, and Acetaminophen plus Diclofenac plus Celecoxib in 1 patient (1.6%). In the Framingham risk classification there were 160/231 (69.3%) patients in Very High Risk and 71/231 (30.7%) patients in High Risk. There were no patients in Low Risk. GI Risk: 79 patients (34.1%) had a peptic ulcer disease history. There were 55/231 (23.8%) in the High GI Risk classification, 102/231 (44.1%) in Intermediate GI Risk and 74/231 (32%) in the Low Risk. The level of agreement between the prescribed versus recommended NSAIDs according the CV and GI risks was measured with a contingence table and the kappa statistic of 0.37 p=0.001. Conclusion: There is a low level of agreement between prescribed and recommended NSAID in elderly population.(AU)


Introducción/objetivo: Los medicamentos antiinflamatorios no esteroideos son la piedra angular en el tratamiento del dolor agudo y crónico debido a la inflamación en las afecciones musculoesqueléticas. Aunque los efectos secundarios adversos están asociados, su uso es común en pacientes de edad avanzada. Nuestro objetivo es determinar la tendencia de prescripción de los AINE, la evaluación de riesgos gastrointestinales (GI) y cardiovasculares (CV), y el nivel de acuerdo con las pautas de prescripción. Métodos:Realizamos un estudio descriptivo y de observación en una consulta de geriatría de un hospital general. Resultados: De los 231 pacientes, solo 59 pacientes tenían una prescripción de AINE. El más frecuentemente recetado fue acetaminofeno, en 29 (49,1%) pacientes, celecoxib se prescribió en 11 (18,6%) pacientes, piroxicam en 5 (8,4%) pacientes, acetaminofeno más celecoxib más omeprazole en 4 (6,7%), acetaminofeno más piroxicam en 2 (0,3%) pacientes, y acetaminofeno más diclofenaco más celecoxib en un paciente (1,6%). En la clasificación de riesgo de Framingham había 160/231 (69,3%) pacientes en muy alto riesgo y 71/231 (30,7%) pacientes en alto riesgo. No hubo pacientes en bajo riesgo. Riesgo gastrointestinal: 79 pacientes (34,1%) tenían antecedentes de enfermedad de úlcera péptica. Hubo 55/231 (23,8%) en la clasificación de riesgo GI alto, 102/231 (44,1%) en riesgo GI intermedio y 74/231 (32%) en riesgo bajo. El nivel de acuerdo entre los AINE prescritos versus los recomendados según los riesgos CV y GI se midió con una tabla de contingencia y el estadístico kappa de 0,37 p=0,001. Conclusión: Existe un bajo nivel de acuerdo entre los AINE prescritos y recomendados en la población de edad avanzada.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Manejo da Dor , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/efeitos adversos , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/uso terapêutico , Medição de Risco , Sistema Cardiovascular , Trato Gastrointestinal , Reumatologia
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...