ALDH1 immunoexpression in epithelial and stromal cells of oral lichen planus and lesions with lichenoid inflammatory infiltrate

Background: Oral Lichen Planus is a potential malignant disorder and shares clinical and histopathological features with other similar lesions. ALDH1 is a specific biomarker for stem cells identification, however its role in stromal cells of immune inflammatory infiltrate has not been explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the ALDH1 immunoexpression in epithelial and stromal cells of Oral Lichen Planus and other lesions with lichenoid inflammatory infiltrate. Material and Methods: 64 samples of Oral Lichen Planus, Oral Lichenoid Lesions, Oral Leukoplakia and Unspecific Chronic Inflammation were included. ALDH1 was evaluated in both epithelium and stromal cells. ALDH1+ cells ≥ 5% were considered positive in epithelium. Stromal cells were evaluated semi quantitatively. Fields were ranked in scores, according to criteria: 1 (0 to 10%); 2 (11 to 50%) and 3 (>50%). The mean value of the sum of the fields was the final score. Statistical differences among groups were investigated, considering p < 0.05. Results: ALDH1 expression in epithelium was low in all groups without difference among them. ALDH1+ cells in the lamina propria were higher for Lichen Planus [2.0], followed by Leukoplakia [1.3], Lichenoid lesions [1.2] and control [1.1] (p<0.05). Conclusions: ALDH1 immunoexpression in epithelium of lichenoid potential malignant disorders did not show a contributory tool, however ALDH1 in stromal cells of lichen planus might be involved in the complex process of immune regulation associated with the pathogenesis of this disease. (AU)

MicroRNA-543 inhibits the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of triple-negative breast cancer cells via down-regulation of ACTL6A gene

PurposeTo investigate the effect of microRNA-543 (miR-543) on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, and the associated mechanism.MethodsHuman breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231, HCC1937, and MCF-7, ZR-75–1) and normal human breast epithelial cell line (MCF10A) were transfected with miR-543 mimics or inhibitor using lipofectamine 2000. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to determine the mRNA and protein expression levels of miR-543, actin-like protein 6A (ACTL6A), vimentin, Snail, and E-cadherin in breast cancer cells/tissue. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), wound-healing, and Transwell assays were used to measure the effect of miR-543 on TNBC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Overall survival was determined using data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter gene assay were used to determine the regulatory effect of miR-543 on ACTL6A.ResultsThe level of expression of miR-543 was significantly lower in breast cancer cells/tissue than in normal human breast epithelial cell/tissue (p < 0.05). MicroRNA-543 expression level was significantly reduced in TNBC cells/tissue, relative to the other breast cancer cells/normal breast tissue (p < 0.05). MicroRNA-543 significantly suppressed tumor growth and the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of TNBC cells, in mouse xenograft model (p < 0.05).

Epithelium-Off vs. transepithelial corneal collagen crosslinking in progressive keratoconus: 3 years of follow-up

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of epithelium-off corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) with transepithelial CXL in patients with progressive keratoconus with a follow-up of 3 years, taking into account the patients’ age and the location of the corneal ectasia.MethodsIn this prospective study participated 64 eyes with progressive keratoconus were included in this long-term study, of which 31 eyes were treated by epithelium-off CXL and 33 by transepithelial CXL. All of the patients with a follow-up of 36 months were evaluated for visual variables (corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), corneal aberrations, and corneal densitometry), structure variables (astigmatism, keratometry, corneal asphericity, maximum posterior elevation, corneal thickness, and corneal volume), and keratoconus index variables.ResultsAfter corneal CXL, CDVA improved significantly in both central and paracentral keratoconus, with greater improvement in the centrals (p = 0.001), asphericity at 6 mm improved in central keratoconus (p = 0.047). In the epi-off group, there was a significant improvement in coma-like (p = 0.038), higher-order aberrations (p = 0.036), asphericity at 8 mm (p = 0.049), asphericity at 10 mm (p = 0.049), and index of surface variance (p = 0.049).ConclusionAlthough both techniques halted and stabilized the progression of keratoconus, epithelium-off CXL was more effective. In addition, after the corneal CXL, there was a greater degree of regularization of the corneal surface and, therefore, a greater improvement in the CDVA with central keratoconus than with paracentral keratoconus. (AU)

Coriorretinitis placoide posterior aguda sifilítica / Acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinopathy

No disponible

Evolución de heridas crónicas infectadas en un paciente con elefantiasis / Evolution of Infected Chronic Wounds in a Patient with Elephantiasis

Se presenta un caso clínico de un paciente con elefantiasis y úlceras sobreinfectadas en ambas extremidades inferiores, incluyendo una valoración enfermera, diagnósticos prioritarios, plan de cuidados, justificación del tratamiento elegido y la evolución posterior. La evidencia de infección de las úlceras planteó la necesidad de instaurar una terapia con cadexómero yodado para tratar localmente la infección, e hidrogel para evitar la formación de biopelículas. Transcurrido un mes del alta del paciente se realizó un seguimiento en el que se observó una evolución favorable con aumento de tejido de granulación y tejido epitelial en varias de las lesiones presentes, por lo que se valoró de forma favorable el procedimiento de cura en ambiente húmedo; la mejora en los hábitos higiénico-dietéticos se completó por parte del paciente

We present the clinical case of a patient with elephantiasis and superinfected ulcers in both lower limbs, including the Nursing assessment, primary diagnosis, plan of care, justification for the treatment selected, and subsequent evolution. The evidence of ulcer infection required to initiate therapy with cadexomer iodine in order to treat the infection locally, and hydrogel to prevent the formation of biofilms. Follow-up was conducted one month after the patient was discharged, and favourable evolution was observed, with an increase in granulation tissue and epithelial tissue in many of the lesions; therefore, the procedure of healing in a moist environment was assessed as favourable, and the improvement in hygienic-dietary habits was completed by the patient

Retinopatía vasoproliferativa secundaria a enfermedad de Waldenström / Vasoproliferative retinopathy secondary to Waldenström's disease

Paciente de 66 años en seguimiento por retinopatía diabética refractaria a múltiples modalidades de tratamiento a pesar del buen control metabólico que refiere pérdida de peso progresiva. Por este motivo se decide realizar un estudio sistémico, detectándose anemia, elevación de la velocidad de sedimentación globular e hiperproteinemia a expensas de un pico monoclonal de IgM. Posteriormente, mediante la biopsia de médula ósea y el estudio genético, se llega al diagnóstico de macroglobulinemia de Waldenström. La macroglobulinemia de Waldenström es una patología linfoproliferativa de escasa frecuencia cuya principal manifestación es a través del síndrome de hiperviscosidad. Este puede producir signos oftalmológicos detectables mediante funduscopia y pruebas de imagen. El estudio multimodal es útil en el diagnóstico y seguimiento de la afectación retiniana. La incorporación de la angiografía por tomografía de coherencia óptica permite un estudio más preciso de los trastornos microvasculares que se pueden presentar a nivel del polo posterior

A 66 year-old patient, monitored for diabetic retinopathy refractory to multiple treatment methods despite a good metabolic control, referred to progressive weight loss. For this reason, a systemic study was performed, detecting anaemia, elevation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and hyperproteinaemia due to elevated serum levels of monoclonal IgM. Subsequently, by performing a bone marrow biopsy and genetic study, the diagnosis of Waldenström macroglobulinaemia was made. Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia is a low frequency lymphoproliferative disease, for which the main manifestation is a hyperviscosity syndrome that can produce ophthalmological signs detectable by funduscopy and imaging tests. A multimodal study is useful in the diagnosis and monitoring of retinal involvement. The incorporation of angiography by optical coherence tomography allows a more precise study of the microvascular disorders that may occur at the posterior pole level

Manifestaciones retinianas en pacientes con glomerulonefritis membranoproliferativa mediada por complemento / Retinal manifestations in patients with complement-mediated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

La glomerulonefritis membranoproliferativa mediada por complemento es una enfermedad rara, pero puede asociarse a alteraciones retinianas. Por ello, el propósito de este estudio fue valorar una serie de casos con dicho diagnóstico en seguimiento por nefrología en nuestro centro. Se realizó un estudio transversal de 8 pacientes diagnosticados de glomerulonefritis membranoproliferativa mediada por complemento. Se realizó funduscopia, tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT) y angio-OCT de dominio Swept Source. Uno de los 8 pacientes presentaba depósitos drusenoides que se localizaron bajo el epitelio pigmentario retiniano en la OCT, descartándose la presencia de neovascularización coroidea asociada en la angio-OCT. Por tanto, la glomerulonefritis membranoproliferativa puede producir alteraciones retinianas con drusas o desprendimientos del epitelio pigmentario retiniano, por lo que debe hacerse un adecuado diagnóstico diferencial con la degeneración macular asociada a la edad. Es crucial realizar un seguimiento en estos pacientes ante las posibles complicaciones que pueden desembocar en una pérdida de visión

Complement-mediated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis is a rare progressive glomerular disease. In some patients it can be associated with retinal lesions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess a case series with this diagnosis in our hospital. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 8 patients diagnosed with complement-mediated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Funduscopy, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Swept Source domain OCT angiography were performed. Only 1 of the 8 patients showed drusen-like deposits that were located under the retinal pigment epithelium in the OCT, with the presence of associated choroidal neovascularization being ruled out in OCT angiography. Therefore, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis may produce retinal alterations with drusen or retinal pigment epithelium detachment, and requires an appropriate differential diagnosis to be made with age-related macular degeneration. The follow-up of these patients is important in order to detect vision-threatening complications

Evaluación de cambios histopatológicos secundarios a cirugía bariátrica / Evaluation of histopathological changes secondary to bariatric surgery

Introducción y Objetivo: Los estímulos fisiológicos, como la pérdida masiva de peso, proporcionan adaptaciones celulares en las que se alcanza un nuevo equilibrio que preserva la viabilidad de la célula, lo que se conoce como cambios adaptativos celulares. En nuestro trabajo nos planteamos la siguiente hipótesis: ¿podemos demostrar los cambios adaptativos fisiomorfológicos, histológicos e inmunohistoquímicos celulares sufridos por la piel y la grasa de los pacientes con pérdida masiva de peso? Material y Método: Llevamos a cabo un estudio experimental, descriptivo, prospectivo y comparativo de casos y controles, con una muestra al azar dividida en 2 grupos: A, pacientes postbariátricos y B, pacientes no postbariátricos. Resultados: Las muestras de piel de los pacientes postbariátricos presentaron cambios en el epitelio, colágeno, dermis y adipocitos. Conclusiones: Demostramos la presencia de cambios adaptativos celulares en la piel y la grasa de los pacientes con pérdida masiva de peso, que nos permiten establecer que existe un patrón histológico postbariátrico. Estos datos mejoran nuestro enfoque médico y quirúrgico en la búsqueda de menores complicaciones con mejores resultados en las cirugías de readaptación de contorno corporal a las que pueden someterse dichos pacientes

Background and Objective: The physiological stimuli, such as massive weight loss, provide cellular adaptations in which a new balance that preserves cell viability is reached, what is known as cellular adaptive changes. Our hypothesis in this study was: can we show fisiomorfológic cellular, histological and immunohistochemical adaptive changes suffered by the skin and fat of patients with massive weight loss? Methods: An experimental, descriptive, prospective and comparative case-control study was conducted on a random sample divided into 2 groups: A, postbariátric patients and B, no postbariatric patients. Results: Skin samples from postbariátric patients showed changes in the epithelium, collagen, dermis and fat cells. Conclusions: Cellular adaptive changes in the skin and fat of patients with massive weight loss are shown. These data improve our medical and surgical approach in finding minor complications with better aesthetic results when these patients undergo a body contouring surgery

Endosalpingiosis apendicular / Appendicular endosalpingiosis

Introducción: se presenta un caso de endosalpingiosis apendicular diagnosticado casualmente en pieza de apendicectomía. Caso clínico: paciente de 40 años con antecedentes de esterilidad primaria que acudió a urgencias por apendicitis. Se realizó apendicectomía laparoscópica sin incidencias. El estudio anatomopatológico reveló glándulas de epitelio cilíndrico ciliado sugestivas de endosalpingiosis, derivándose a nuestro servicio para valoración ginecológica, que resultó normal. Discusión: la endosalpingiosis es una entidad benigna caracterizada por presencia de epitelio y glándulas de las trompas de Falopio en una localización externa. La endosalpingiosis apendicular es extremadamente rara, con pocos casos descritos, y que constituye un diagnóstico casual por ser asintomática. Sin embargo, en ocasiones puede asociarse a dolor pélvico crónico, infertilidad o trastornos menstruales, por lo que esta patología no debe pasar desapercibida entre los profesionales médicos

Introduction: We report a case of appendiceal endosalpingiosis diagnosed by a routine histopathological examination of an appendicectomy specimen. Case report: A 40-year-old female, with a history of primary infertility, presented with acute appendicitis. A laparoscopic appendicectomy was performed with no complications associated. The pathological study revealed ciliated columnar epithelium suggestive of endosalpingiosis. She was referred to our department for gynecologic examination that was normal. Discussion: Endosalpingiosis is a benign entity defined by the presence of glands lined by tubal-type epithelium with cilliated and secretory cells in sites other than Fallopian tubes. Endosalpingiosis of the appendix is extremely rare and few cases have been reported. This disease is predominantly asymptomatic, however, it can be associated with chronic pelvic pain, infertility or menstrual irregularities

Comparacion de un nuevo agente basado en nanotecnología con el talco convencional para el control de los derrames pleurales malignos / Comparison between a new nanotechnology-based agent and conventional talc in the control of malignant pleural effusions

En este trabajo usamos dióxido de titanio (TiO2), fabricado mediante nanotecnología. Para demostrar su superioridad respecto al talco, realizamos un estudio in vitro comparando la respuesta pro-inflamatoria de ambos agentes sobre células malignas y mesoteliales benignas; investigando la posible inducción de apoptosis y la posible inhibición de angiogénesis también por ambos agentes. Realizamos cultivo de líneas celulares derivadas de mesotelio humano, procedente de mesotelioma bifásico humano y adenocarcinoma bronquial humano. Las células se co-cultivaron con diferentes dosis de talco y de nanopartículas de TiO2. En todas las muestras de sobrenadantes de los cultivos se analizaron los niveles de diferentes mediadores inflamatorios. La tasa de apoptosis se analizó por la expresión de Caspasa-3. Para el estudio de angiostasis se determinaron los niveles de endostatina mediante técnica ELISA. Observamos que la viabilidad de las células mesoteliales benignas es mucho menor al emplear TiO2. En el caso de las células mesoteliales malignas, se observó el mismo efecto con dosis alta de TiO2. En el adenocarcinoma de pulmón, la viabilidad de estas células expuestas al talco fue netamente inferior a la que se observó en la línea celular benigna. La producción de IL-8 fue mucho mayor por parte de las células mesoteliales neoplásicas que por las benignas y aumentó siguiendo un patrón dosis dependiente frente al talco, mientras que cayó con el TiO2. Según estos resultados, se demuestra que el talco es superior al TiO2 en su capacidad de producir mediadores que favorecerían la pleurodesis para el control del derrame pleural maligno

For this study, we used titanium dioxide (TiO2), produced using nanotechnology. To show its superiority with respect to talc, we completed an in vitro study comparing the pro-inflammatory response of both agents towards malignant and benign mesothelial cells; researching the possible apoptosis induction and possible inhibition of angiogenesis for both agents. We took a culture of cell lines derived from human mesothelioma, originating from human biphasic mesothelioma and human bronchial adenocarcinoma. The cells were cocultured with different doses of talc and TiO2 nanoparticles. The levels of different inflammatory mediators were analyzed for each culture supernatant sample. The apoptosis rate was analyzed using caspase-3 expression. The endostatin levels were determined for the angiostasis study using the ELISA technique. We observed that the viability of the benign mesothelial cells is much lower after using TiO2. In the case of malignant mesothelial cells, the same effect was observed with a high dose of TiO2. In adenocarcinoma of the lung, the viability of these cells exposed to talc was distinctly lower than that which was observed in the benign cell line. IL-8 production was much higher in neoplastic mesothelial cells than in benign cells and increased following a dose-dependent pattern with talc, while it decreased with TiO2. According to these results, we can see that talc is superior to TiO2 in its ability to produce mediators which favor pleurodesis for the control of malignant pleural effusions

Hidroadenoma nodular / Nodular hidradenoma

No disponible

Primordial odontogenic tumor: An immunohistochemical profile

BACKGROUND: Primordial Odontogenic Tumor (POT) is a recently described odontogenic tumor characterized by a variably cellular loose fibrous tissue with areas similar to the dental papilla, covered by cuboidal to columnar epithelium that resembles the internal epithelium of the enamel organ, surrounded at least partly by a delicate fibrous capsule. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible histogenesis and biological behavior of this rare tumor by means of a wide immunohistochemical analysis of its epithelial and mesenchymal components. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The immunoexpression of twenty-three different antibodies were evaluated in four cases of POT. RESULTS: The epithelial cells that cover the periphery of the tumor showed immunopositivity for Cytokeratins 14 and 19, while Amelogenin, Glut-1, MOC-31, Caveolin-1. Galectin-3, PITX2, p53, Bax, Bcl-2, Survivin and PTEN were variably expressed in focal areas. The mesenchymal component of the tumor was positive for Vimentin, Syndecan-1, PITX2, Endoglin (CD105), CD 34, Cyclin D1, Bax, Bcl-2, Survivin and p53. PTEN and CD 90 showed a moderate positivity. BRAF V600E and Calretinin were negative in all samples. Cell proliferation markers (Ki-67, MCM-7) were expressed in < 5% of the tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS: According to these immunohistochemical findings, we may conclude that POT is a benign odontogenic tumor in which there is both epithelial and mesenchymal activity during its histogenesis, as there is expression of certain components in particular zones in both tissues that suggests this tumor develops during the immature (primordial) stage of tooth development, leading to its inclusion within the group of benign mixed epithelial and mesenchymal odontogenic tumours in the current World Health Organization classification of these lesions

Metástasis cutáneas como primer hallazgo clínico de un carcinoma de mama / Skin metastasis as the first clinical manifestation of breast carcinoma

No disponible

Phosphorylation and subcellular localization of Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 3 (NHE3) are associated with altered gallbladder absorptive function after formation of cholesterol gallstones

Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 3 (NHE3) dysfunction is thought to contribute to the altered gallbladder absorption that occurs in cholesterol gallstone disease, but the mechanism is unknown. The current study was undertaken to examine the expression, phosphorylation, and subcellular localization of NHE3 in gallbladder epithelium cells (GBECs) of male C57BL/6 mice on a control or lithogenic diet. Thirty-six 8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to receive a high cholesterol diet or a regular diet for 8 weeks. Gallstone formation was recorded. Gallbladder bile cholesterol, phospholipid, and total bile acids were examined. RT-PCR was used to measure NHE3 mRNA expression. NHE3 protein expression and subcellular localization were examined by Western blotting and immunofluorescence microscopy, respectively. Gallstones were formed in all mice fed the lithogenic diet. Despite higher NHE3 mRNA expression in gallbladders of the mice on the lithogenic diet than in those on the control diet, there was no significant difference in expression of total NHE3 protein. However, a higher level of NHE3 phosphorylated at serine-552 (P-NHE3) was seen on the lithogenic diet. In immunofluorescence studies, NHE3 protein was expressed both on the apical membrane and in the cytoplasm of mouse GBEC. This pattern of subcellular distribution of NHE3 strongly corroborates an exchanger trafficking mechanism in NHE3 activity regulation in mouse GBEC. We conclude that increased phosphorylation of NHE3 following gallstone formation leads to turnover of the exchanger, resulting in decreased gallbladder concentrating function (AU)

No disponible

Síndrome de hemorragia alveolar difusa / No disponible

El síndrome de hemorragia alveolar difusa (SHAD) tiene su origen en enfermedades muy diversas. La característica común es la presencia de sangre en el espacio alveolar como consecuencia de una lesión de la membrana basal del endotelio y del epitelio alveolar. Numerosas etiologías pueden dar origen a este síndrome y se clasifican según la presencia o no de capilaritis pulmonar que es el hallazgo más frecuente. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 77 años que mostraba infiltrados alveolares difusos en la radiografía de tórax que fueron compatibles con hemorragia alveolar difusa por los hallazgos del lavado broncoalveolar y que el diagnóstico final fue de vasculitis p-ANCA positivo

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage has its origin in various types of disease, all of them characterized by the widespread extravasation of red blood cells into the pulmonary alveolar spaces. It is associated with a disruption of the alveolar and capillary basement membranes. Multiple etiologies can origin this syndrome. They are divided into pulmonary capillaritis-and non capillaritis. Pulmonary capillaritis represents the most common finding. We present the case of a 77 year-old with diffuse alveolar infiltrates in chest imaging and alveolar hemorrhage that was later diagnosed as antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated vasculitis

Espironolactona, alternativa terapéutica en el tratamiento de la epiteliopatía difusa crónica / Spironolactone, a therapeutic alternative in the treatment of diffuse retinal pigment epitheliopathy

CASOS CLÍNICOS: Se presentan 2 casos clínicos de epiteliopatía difusa crónica (EDC) con respuesta favorable a espironolactona. En el primer paciente se visualizan regiones de desprendimiento neurosensorial (DNS), y en el segundo múltiples DNS, quistes intrarretinianos secundarios y desprendimiento del epitelio pigmentario de la retina. DISCUSIÓN: Tras el tratamiento con espironolactona, se observa mejoría de la agudeza visual y de las alteraciones estructurales en ambos pacientes (disminución del DNS y quistes intrarretinianos). Los fármacos antagonistas de los receptores de aldosterona usados para formas persistentes de coriorretinopatía central serosa (CRCS) tienen resultados alentadores, y podrían ser una alternativa terapéutica en la EDC

CASE REPORT: Two cases are presented of patients with chronic diffuse epitheliopathy (CDE) that showed a favourable response when treated with spironolactone. The first patient had regions of neurosensory detachment (DNS) and the second, multiple DNS, secondary intra-retinal cysts and retinal pigment epithelium detachment. DISCUSSION: After treatment with spironolactone, both patients showed a visual acuity improvement and structural changes (reduced neurosensory retinal detachment and cystoid degeneration). Aldosterone receptor agonists (ARA) used for persistent forms of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy show encouraging results and could represent a therapeutic alternative for CDE

Efectividad de la simvastatina tópica e inyectable contra hidrocoloide en la epitelización de heridas de espesor parcial en un modelo animal / Topic and subdermic injection of simvastatin for wound reepithelialization versus hydrocolloid dressing in an animal model

Introducción y Objetivos. En la actualidad existen una gran cantidad de apósitos y coberturas para el tratamiento de las heridas de espesor parcial; la elección depende de la experiencia del cirujano y sobre todo de la disponibilidad y recursos existentes. Las estatinas (inhibidores de la Hidroxi-Metil-CoA reductasa) se usan en el tratamiento de la hipercolesterolemia, aunque recientemente se han encontrado propiedades antinflamatorias, estimulantes de la angiogénesis y linfangiogénesis, antifibróticas, y especialmente estimuladoras de los queratinocitos. Nos proponemos comparar la epitelización e inflamación de las heridas en un modelo animal con la aplicación de simvastatina tópica, inyectable y apósito de hidrocoloide. Material y Método. Empleamos 20 ratas Wistar en 4 grupos, cada uno con 5 ratas, a las que practicamos heridas de espesor parcial por dermoabrasión en el dorso. A cada grupo se le aplicó gasa de organza, apósito de hidrocoloide, simvastatina tópica y simvastatina inyectada, respectivamente. Descubrimos las heridas a los 7 días y sacrificamos a los animales. Tomamos biopsias de las heridas y comparamos el grado de epitelización de cada grupo. Resultados. Al comparar la simvastatina en preparación tópica con el grupo de gasa de organza y el grupo de apósito de hidrocoloide, encontramos un mayor porcentaje de epitelización en el grupo tratado con simvastatina tópica, con una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p<0.05). Las heridas tratadas con simvastatina tópica demostraron menor inflamación, menor fibrosis, mayor epitelización (queratinocitos), mayor cantidad de fibroblastos y no presentaron costra, de forma estadísticamente significativa. Conclusiones. La cobertura de heridas de espesor parcial con simvastatina tópica es más efectiva en epitelización y efecto antinflamatorio, en comparación con la simvastatina inyectable, los apósitos de hidrocoloide y las gasas de organza (AU)

Background and Objective. There are various alternatives and dressings for split thickness skin wounds, the choice depends on the experience and training of each surgeon. Statins, which are normally used for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia, have proven to induce and antinflammatory effect on wound keratinocytes, which provokes a faster re-epithelialization on in vitro studies. Our aim was to compare epithelialization and anti-inflammatory properties in split thickness wounds of rats, using hydrocolloid dressings versus a simvastatin based emulsion or simvastatin injected. Methods. We used 20 Wistar rats divided in 4 groups in which split thickness wounds were induced in the dorsum by dermoabrasion. Each group was treated with organza gauze, hydrolloid dressings, simvastatin cream and injectable simvastatin in the wound, respectively. Seven days later, the wounds were exposed and the animals where sacrificed. The wounds were analyzed with digital photographs and biopsies where taken in order to compare the epithelization percentage in each group. Results. There was a statistically significant improvement (p<0.05) in wound rate epithelialization in the rats treated with topic simvastatin. The wounds treated with topic simvastatin had less inflammation, less fibrosis, no evidence of crusting and a higher number of fibroblast. Conclusions. Split thickness skin wounds coverage with topical simvastatin is most effective in epithelialization and antinflamatory effect compared with injectable simvastatin, organza gauze dressings and hydrocolloid dressings (AU)

Prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT volumetric parameters in recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer / Valor pronóstico de los parámetros volumétricos de la 18F-FDG PET/TC en el cáncer epitelial de ovario recurrente

Objective. Metabolic tumour volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) from 18F-FDG PET/CT are emerging prognostic biomarkers in various solid neoplasms. These volumetric parameters and the SUVmax have shown to be useful criteria for disease prognostication in preoperative and post-treatment epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of 18F-FDG PET/CT measurements to predict survival in patients with recurrent EOC. Material and methods. Twenty-six patients with EOC who underwent a total of 31 18F-FDG PET/CT studies for suspected recurrence were retrospectively included. SUVmax and volumetric parameters whole-body MTV (wbMTV) and whole-body TLG (wbTLG) with a threshold of 40% and 50% of the SUVmax were obtained. Correlation between PET parameters and progression-free survival (PFS) and the survival analysis of prognostic factors were calculated. Results. Serous cancer was the most common histological subtype (76.9%). The median PFS was 12.5 months (range 10.7-20.6 months). Volumetric parameters showed moderate inverse correlation with PFS but there was no significant correlation in the case of SUVmax. The correlation was stronger for first recurrences. By Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test, wbMTV 40%, wbMTV 50% and wbTLG 50% correlated with PFS. However, SUVmax and wbTLG 40% were not statistically significant predictors for PFS. Conclusion. Volumetric parameters wbMTV and wbTLG 50% measured by 18F-FDG PET/CT appear to be useful prognostic predictors of outcome and may provide valuable information to individualize treatment strategies in patients with recurrent EOC (AU)

Objetivo. El metabolic tumour volume (MTV) y la total lesion glycolysis (TLG) obtenidos de la 18F-FDG PET/TC son biomarcadores pronósticos emergentes en varias neoplasias. Estos parámetros volumétricos junto con el SUVmax son útiles para determinar el pronóstico preoperatorio y post-tratamiento de las pacientes con cáncer epitelial de ovario (CEO). El objetivo fue determinar la utilidad de los parámetros de la 18F-FDG PET/TC para predecir la supervivenvia de las pacientes con CEO recurrente. Material y métodos. Se incluyeron retrospectivamente 26 pacientes con CEO a las que se les realizó 31 estudios 18F-FDG PET/TC por sospecha de recidiva. Se obtuvo el valor del SUVmax, whole-body MTV (wbMTV) y whole-body TLG (wbTLG) con un umbral del 40% y 50% del SUVmax. Se estimó la correlación entre los parámetros PET y el intervalo libre de progresión (ILP) y se realizó análisis de supervivencia segun factores pronósticos. Resultados. El subtipo histológico más frecuente fue cáncer seroso (76,9%). La mediana del ILP fue 12,5 meses (rango 10,7-20,6 meses). Se observó correlación inversa moderada entre los parámetros volumétricos e ILP, sin evidenciar correlación significativa con SUVmax. La correlación fue más fuerte para primeras recidivas. Las curvas de supervivencia mostraron correlación entre wbMTV 40%, wbMTV 50% y wbTLG 50% con ILP. SUVmax y wbTLG 40% no fueron predictores de ILP de forma estadísticamente significativa. Conclusión. Los parámetros wbMTV y wbTLG 50% de la 18F-FDG PET/TC podrían utilizarse como factores pronósticos ofreciendo una valiosa información para individualizar el tratamiento de las pacientes con CEO recurrente (AU)

El epitelio seminal en biopsia prostática puede semejar lesiones prostáticas malignas y premalignas / Seminal epithelium in prostate biopsy can mimic malignant and premalignant prostatic lesions

Objetivos: En la mayoría de las biopsias prostáticas el epitelio seminal se reconoce fácilmente, ya que muestra criterios histológicos característicos. Sin embargo, algunas biopsias pueden semejar lesiones prostáticas malignas o premalignas. Los propósitos de este estudio son analizar el aspecto histológico de las biopsias que simularon adenocarcinomas o lesiones prostáticas preneoplásicas; comentar su diagnóstico diferencial y conocer la frecuencia de epitelio seminal en biopsias prostáticas. Métodos: Revisamos 500 biopsias prostáticas consecutivas por punción obtenidas por el método de sextantes, y seleccionamos aquellos casos en los que observamos epitelio seminal de vesículas seminales o conductos eyaculatorios. En las biopsias en las que el epitelio seminal semejó lesiones malignas o premalignas se emplearon estudios inmunohistoquímicos que incluyeron antígeno prostático específico y MUC6. Se anotaron los datos clínicos de mayor importancia. Resultados: Treinta y seis (7,2%) biopsias mostraron epitelio seminal y 7 de ellas (1,4%) semejaron diversas lesiones prostáticas, incluyendo neoplasia intraepitelial prostática de alto grado, proliferaciones acinares atípicas, adenocarcinomas con patrón papilar y carcinoma poco diferenciado. El epitelio seminal semejó lesiones prostáticas cuando el depósito de lipofuscina, las vacuolas perinucleares o las pseudoinclusiones nucleares fueron poco aparentes o estuvieron ausentes. Cinco de las 7 biopsias mostraron atipia celular leve o moderada con núcleos pequeños e hipercromáticos y solos 2 pleomorfismo celular. Los pacientes se encontraban vivos y asintomáticos después de 6 años de evolución en promedio. Conclusiones: El epitelio seminal semeja neoplasia intraepitelial prostática, proliferaciones acinares atípicas y diversos tipos de adenocarcinomas prostáticos en aproximadamente el 1,4% de las biopsias prostáticas

Objectives: In most prostate biopsies, the seminal epithelium is easily recognised because it meets characteristic histological criteria. However, some biopsies can mimic malignant or premalignant prostatic lesions. The aims of this study were to analyse the histological appearance of the biopsies that mimic adenocarcinomas or preneoplastic prostatic lesions, discuss the differential diagnosis and determine the frequency of seminal epithelia in prostate biopsies. Methods: We consecutively reviewed 500 prostate puncture biopsies obtained using the sextant method and selected those cases in which we observed seminal vesicle or ejaculatory duct epithelium. In the biopsies in which the seminal epithelium resembled malignant or premalignant lesions, immunohistochemical studies were conducted that included prostate-specific antigen and MUC6. The most important clinical data were recorded. Results: Thirty-six (7.2%) biopsies showed seminal epithelium, and 7 of them (1.4%) resembled various prostate lesions, including high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, atypical acinar proliferations, adenocarcinomas with papillary patterns and poorly differentiated carcinoma. The seminal epithelium resembled prostate lesions when the lipofuscin deposit, the perinuclear vacuoles or the nuclear pseudoinclusions were inconspicuous or missing. Five of the 7 biopsies showed mild to moderate cellular atypia with small and hyperchromatic nuclei, and only 2 showed cellular pleomorphism. The patients were alive and asymptomatic after an average of 6 years of progression. Conclusions: The seminal epithelium resembles prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, atypical acinar proliferations and various types of prostatic adenocarcinomas in approximately 1.4% of prostate biopsies