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1.
Int. microbiol ; 22(4): 511-520, dic. 2019. graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-185069

RESUMO

The phylum Firmicutes comprises seven classes where most species are either aerobic or anaerobic endospore former. Inside Firmicutes, species allocated in the genus Bacillus and related genera are collectively named aerobic endospore-forming bacteria (AEFB), and the soil is their major reservoir. AEFB have great importance in health, agriculture, and biotechnology although the more studied species are Bacillus subtilis and the human pathogens Bacillus cereus and Bacillus anthracis. AEFB have great importance in health, agriculture, and biotechnology; although the knowledge about these organisms is based on few species, notably, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus anthracis. In this work, we generated partial 16S rRNA gene sequences of both strands of 192 AEFB strains isolated from soils of Distrito Federal, Brazil (SDF strains). The resulting consensus sequences were used to obtain taxonomic assignment and establish the phylogenetic relationships among these strains. Through this approach, we could observe that classified SDF strains were distributed among genera Bacillus (169 strains; 88.02%), Paenibacillus (11; 5.73%), Lysinibacillus (6; 3.13%), Brevibacillus (4; 2.08%), Terribacillus (1; 0.52%), and Rummeliibacillus (1; 0.52%). Phylogenetic trees revealed these 192 SDF strains can be segregated into eight groups spanning families Bacillaceae and Paenibacillaceae belonging to the order Bacillales. To expand the knowledge about the diversity of these SDF strains, further studies regarding characterization with different methodologies are underway


No disponible


Assuntos
Poluentes do Solo/análise , Análise do Solo , Esporos Bacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Bactérias Anaeróbias/isolamento & purificação , Bacillales/isolamento & purificação , Esporos Fúngicos/genética , Brasil , Bacillales/genética , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/métodos
2.
Int. microbiol ; 22(2): 191-201, jun. 2019. ilus, graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-184826

RESUMO

In this study, endophytic bacteria isolated from root, stem, and leaf tissues of stripe rust-susceptible (Inqilab 91, Galaxy 2013, and 15BT023) and stripe rust-resistant (NARC 2011, Ujala 2015, TW1410) cultivars were identified and characterized. Abundance of endophytes was found in roots as compared with stems and leaves. Resistant and susceptible cultivars significantly differed in abundance of endophytic bacteria. Restriction analysis of 16S rRNA genes amplified from 100 bacterial isolates produced 17 unique patterns. Representatives of each of the 17 unique patterns were sequenced and identified. Among the sequenced bacteria, 8 belonged to Firmicutes, 7 were Proteobacteria, and 2 were Actinobacteria. Most of the isolates have plant growth-promoting properties and a few have the potential of producing hydrolytic enzymes. Two isolates showed significant inhibition of rust spore germination. These endophytic bacteria not only can be helpful in growth-promoting activities but also can assist in biocontrol of stripe rust disease


No disponible


Assuntos
Endófitos/isolamento & purificação , Raízes de Plantas/microbiologia , Phakopsora pachyrhizi/isolamento & purificação , RNA Ribossômico 16S/isolamento & purificação , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , RNA Ribossômico 16S/metabolismo , Firmicutes/isolamento & purificação , Actinobacteria/enzimologia , Actinobacteria/isolamento & purificação , Esporos Bacterianos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Esporos Fúngicos/isolamento & purificação , Paquistão
3.
Int. microbiol ; 10(1): 39-46, mar. 2007. tab, graf
Artigo em En | IBECS | ID: ibc-054986

RESUMO

The spore photoproduct (SP) is the main DNA lesion after UV-C irradiation, and its repair is crucial for the resistance of spores to UV. The aims of the present study were to assess the formation and repair of bipyrimidine photoproducts in spore DNA of various Bacillus subtilis strains using a sensitive HPLC tandem mass spectrometry assay. Strains deficient in nucleotide excision repair, spore photoproduct lyase, homologous recombination (recA), and with wild-type repair capability were investigated. Additionally, one strain deficient in the formation of major small, acid-soluble spore proteins (SASPs) was tested. In all SASP wild-type strains, UV-C irradiation generated almost exclusively SP (>95 %) but also a few by-photoproducts. In the major SASP-deficient strain, SP and by-photoproducts were generated in equal quantities. The status time of 60 min, >75% of the SP was repaired in wild-type strains and in the SASP-deficient strain, while half of the photoinduced SP was removed in the recA-deficient strain. SP-lyase-deficient spores repaired 20% of the SP produced. Thus, SP lyase, with respect to nucleotide excision repair, has a remarkable impact on the removal of SP upon spore germination (AU)


No disponible


Assuntos
Raios Ultravioleta , Bacilos Gram-Positivos Formadores de Endosporo/efeitos da radiação , Dano ao DNA/efeitos da radiação , DNA Bacteriano/efeitos da radiação , Reparo do DNA , Esporos Bacterianos/efeitos da radiação
4.
Int. microbiol ; 5(4): 161-167, dic. 2002.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-30456

RESUMO

Anthrax is a disease of herbivores caused by the gram-positive bacterium Bacillus anthracis. It can affect cattle, sheep, swine, horses and various species of wildlife. The routes for the spread among wildlife are reviewed. There are three kinds of human anthrax--inhalation, cutaneous, and intestinal anthrax--which differ in their routes of infection and outcomes. In the United States, confirmation of cases is made by the isolation of B. anthracis and by biochemical tests. Vaccination is not recommended for the general public; civilians who should be vaccinated include those who, in their work places, come in contact with products potentially contaminated with B. anthracis spores, and people engaged in research or diagnostic activities. After September 11, 2001, there were bioterrorism anthrax attacks in the United States: anthrax-laced letters sent to multiple locations were the source of infectious B. anthracis. The US Postal Service issued recommendations to prevent the danger of hazardous exposure to the bacterium. B. anthracis spores can spread easily and persist for very long times, which makes decontamination of buildings very difficult. Early detection, rapid diagnosis, and well-coordinated public health response are the key to minimizing casualties. The US Government is seeking new ways to deter bioterrorism, including a tighter control of research on infectious agents, even though pathogens such as B. anthracis are widely spread in nature and easy to grow. It is necessary to define the boundary between defensive and offensive biological weapons research. Deterring bioterrorism should not restrict critical scientific research (AU)


El carbunco es una enfermedad de los herbívoros causada por la bacteria grampositiva Bacillus anthracis. Puede afectar al ganado, ovejas, cerdos, caballos y varias especies de animales salvajes. Se revisan las vías de propagación entre los animales salvajes. Existen tres formas de carbunco humano ––por inhalación, cutáneo e intestinal–– que se diferencian por su forma de contagio y sus consecuencias. En los Estados Unidos se confirman los casos mediante aislamiento de Bacillus anthracis y también por pruebas bioquímicas. La vacunación en humanos no se recomienda a la población general; solamente a las personas que, en su lugar de trabajo, están en contacto con productos que puedan estar contaminados con esporas de B. anthracis y a quienes trabajan en la investigación y el diagnóstico de la enfermedad. Después del 11 de septiembre de 2001 se produjeron algunos ataques bioterroristas con carbunco en lo Estados Unidos mediante el envío de numerosas cartas con esporas de B. anthracis. El Servicio Postal de aquel país hizo algunas recomendaciones para prevenir el peligro de la exposición a las esporas de la bacteria B. anthracis. La fácil propagación y larga persistencia de sus esporas dificultan enormemente la descontaminación de los edificios. La detección precoz, el diagnóstico rápido y la respuesta coordinada de los servicios de sanidad son la clave para minimizar el número de víctimas. El Gobierno estadounidense está buscando nuevas maneras de impedir el bioterrorismo, como un control más estricto de la investigación que se realiza en agentes infecciosos, aunque B. anthracis es un patógeno de amplia difusión en la naturaleza y de fácil cultivo. Es necesario definir el límite entre la investigación de armas biológicas de defensa y las de ataque. La prevención del bioterrorismo no debería restringir la investigación científica crítica (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Esporos Bacterianos , Vacinas contra Antraz , Bioterrorismo/prevenção & controle , Antraz , Guerra Biológica , Bacillus anthracis , Planejamento em Desastres/métodos , Ecologia
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