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1.
Med. oral patol. oral cir. bucal (Internet) ; 27(1): e77-e84, jan. 2022. graf, tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-204337

RESUMO

Background: MiRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and have been associated with malignant transformation of oral epithelial precursor lesions such as oral leukoplakia. The aim was to perform a scoping review of the contemporary literature about the different roles of miRNAs during the malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia. Material and Methods: We conducted a systematic search with the following MeSH terms: ‘oral leukoplakia’, ‘carcinoma in situ’, ‘microRNAs’, ‘mouth neoplasms’ and ‘epithelial–mesenchymal transition’ in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE and SpringerLink. Results: Fifteen articles were included for analysis, among which in vivo and in vitro articles were included. A total of 21 different miRNAs were found to be involved in the malignant transformation process of oral leukoplakia. Regarding their possible effects, 6 miRNAs were classified as oncogenic, 5 as tumour suppressors and 10 were related to epithelial–mesenchymal transition, invasion and migration. Conclusions: Based on the current review, we concluded that miRNAs-21, 345, 181-b and 31* seem to be potential markers of malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia. However, further clinical prospective studies are needed in order to validate their utility as prognostic biomarkers.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Transformação Celular Neoplásica , Leucoplasia/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , Neoplasias Bucais , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos
2.
Av. odontoestomatol ; 37(4): 169-176, oct.-dic. 2021. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-217510

RESUMO

Introducción: Los queratinocitos presentes en las células epiteliales del cuerpo humano producen, de manera continuada, pequeñas cantidades de histamina que se mantienen en equilibrio en el epitelio oral. Cuando este equilibro se ve alterado, se produce un aumento de histamina en el tejido oral pudiendo provocar lesiones. Objetivo: En este trabajo de revisión se estudia la relación del exceso de histamina en el Liquen Plano Oral, la Leucoplasia oral y en el Carcinoma Oral de Células Escamosas. Material y método: Búsqueda bibliográfica en la literatura de estudios caso control y retrospectivos acerca del papel de la histamina en el Liquen Plano Oral, la Leucoplasia Oral y el Carcinoma Oral de Células Escamosas. Resultados: Se ha observado un aumento del número de mastocitos y de histamina en los tejidos orales con patología comparado con los tejidos sanos. Conclusión: Este aumento del número de mastocitos y de histamina en los tejidos orales con patología, provocan una desorganización en los precursores de la inflamaciónpudiendo así dañar el epitelio oral. (AU)


Introduction: Keratinocytes present in the epithelial cells of the human body produced, continuously, small amounts of histamine that are kept in balance in the oral epithelium. When this balance is disturbed, there is an increase in histamine in the oral tissue and it can cause injuries. Objective: In this review work we studied the relationship of excess histamine in Oral Lichen Planus, oral Leukoplakia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Material and Method: Bibliographic search of the literature of case control and retrospective studies about the role of histamine in Oral Lichen Planus, Oral Leukoplakia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Results: An increase in the number of mast cells and histamine has been observed in oral tissues with pathology compared to healthy tissues. Conclusion: This increase in the number of mast cells and histamine in oral tissues with pathology can cause disorganization in the precursors of inflammation and thus can further damage the oral tissue. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Histamina , Líquen Plano Bucal , Leucoplasia , Neoplasias Bucais , Mastócitos , Queratinócitos
4.
Med. oral patol. oral cir. bucal (Internet) ; 23(2): e144-e150, mar. 2018. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-171394

RESUMO

Background: Oral white sponge nevus (WSN) is a rare autosomal dominant benign condition, characterized by asymptomatic spongy white plaques. Mutations in Keratin 4 (KRT4) and 13 (KRT13) have been shown to cause WSN. Familial cases are uncommon due to irregular penetrance. Thus, the aim of the study was: a) to demonstrate the clinical and histopathological features of a three-generation Turkish family with oral WSN b) to determine whether KRT4 or KRT13 gene mutation was the molecular basis of WSN. Material and Methods: Out of twenty members of the family ten were available for assessment. Venous blood samples from six affected and five unaffected members and 48 healthy controls were obtained for genetic mutational analysis. Polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify all exons within KRT4 and KRT13 genes. These products were sequenced and the data was examined for mutations and polymorphisms. Results: Varying presentation and severity of clinical features were observed. Analysis of the KRT13 gene revealed the sequence variant Y118D as the disease-causing mutation. One patient revealed several previously unreported polymorphisms including a novel mutation in exon 1 of the KRT13 gene and a heterozygous deletion in exon 1 of KRT4. This deletion in the KRT4 gene was found to be a common polymorphism reflecting a high allele frequency of 31.25% in the Turkish population. Conclusions: Oral WSN may manifest variable clinical features. The novel mutation found in the KRT13 gene is believed to add evidence for a mutational hotspot in the mucosal keratins. Molecular genetic analysis is required to establish correct diagnosis and appropriate genetic consultation (AU)


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Nevo/classificação , Nevo/patologia , Leucoplasia/diagnóstico , Leucoplasia/patologia , Mucosa Bucal/patologia , Biópsia , Mutagênese/genética
5.
Med. oral patol. oral cir. bucal (Internet) ; 20(6): e685-e692, nov. 2015. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-144700

RESUMO

In the past decades several definitions of oral leukoplakia have been proposed, the last one, being authorized by the World Health Organization (WHO), dating from 2005. In the present treatise an adjustment of that definition and the 1978 WHO definition is suggested, being : "A predominantly white patch or plaque that cannot be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other disorder; oral leukoplakia carries an increased risk of cancer development either in or close to the area of the leukoplakia or elsewhere in the oral cavity or the head-and-neck region". Furthermore, the use of strict diagnostic criteria is recommended for predominantly white lesions for which a causative factor has been identified, e.g. smokers' lesion, frictional lesion and dental restoration associated lesion. A final diagnosis of such leukoplakic lesions can only be made in retrospect after successful elimination of the causative factor within a somewhat arbitrarily chosen period of 4-8 weeks. It seems questionable to exclude "frictional keratosis" and "alveolar ridge keratosis" from the category of leukoplakia as has been suggested in the literature. Finally, brief attention has been paid to some histopathological issues that may cause confusion in establishing a final diagnosis of leukoplakia


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Leucoplasia Oral/epidemiologia , Terminologia como Assunto , Mucosa Bucal/patologia , Ceratose/epidemiologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/epidemiologia , Leucoplasia/classificação , Leucoplasia Oral/classificação , Organização Mundial da Saúde/organização & administração , Classificações em Saúde , Neoplasias Bucais/classificação , Neoplasias Bucais/epidemiologia
7.
Rev. esp. cir. oral maxilofac ; 31(3): 170-181, mayo-jun. 2009. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-74518

RESUMO

Las lesiones premalignas orales incluyen eritroplasias (manchasrojas) y leucoplasias (manchas blancas), las cuales se desarrollan a lo largo desuperficies epiteliales. Estas lesiones son considerados marcadores en la “carcinogénesisde campo” ya que pacientes con lesiones premalignas orales puedendesarrollar carcinoma de células escamosas (CCS) en el sitio de las lesiones,así como en otros lugares de tracto aerodigestivo superior. Se está haciendoun gran esfuerzo para identificar nuevos biomarcadores SEBs (surrogateendpoint biomarkers) para el carcinoma de células escamosas de cabeza y cuello.Los SEBs candidatos para el carcinoma de células escamosas invasivo en eltrato aerodigestivo superior deben ser detectables con los cambios molecularescelulares y tisulares que tienen lugar durante la formación del tumor. Entrelos diferentes marcadores que se han propuesto hasta la actualidad, la ciclooxigenasa-2 (COX-2) y el receptor del factor de crecimiento epidérmico (EGFR)parecen ser los más prometedores. COX-2 se sobre expresa durante el procesotumoral, desde hiperplasia temprana a enfermedad metastásica. EGFRtambién está anormalmente activado en tumores epiteliales, pues las célulasde casi todas estas neoplasias expresan altos niveles de este receptor, una característicaasociada con un peor pronóstico clínico. En este sentido el tracto aerodigestivosuperior proporciona un sistema o modelo único para el estudio deCCS y para la investigación de nuevos candidatos SEBs(AU)


Oral premalignant lesions include leukoplakia (whitepatch) and erythroplakia (red patch), which develop on epithelialsurfaces. These lesions are markers for field cancerization becausepatients with oral premalignancy can develop squamous cellcarcinoma at the site of the lesion(s) and at other sites in the upperaerodigestive tract. An effort is being made to identify surrogateendpoint biomarkers (SEBs) for head and neck squamous cellcarcinoma (HNSCC). Candidate SEBs for invasive squamous cellcarcinoma (SCC) of the upper aerodigestive tract are detectablemolecular, cellular, and tissue changes that take place duringtumorigenesis. Among the markers that have been proposed todate, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and the epidermal growth factorreceptor (EGFR) seem to be the most promising. COX-2 isoverexpressed during tumor transformation from early hyperplasiato metastasic disease. EGFR is also abnormally activated in epithelialtumors, since cells of almost all these kinds of neoplasm expresshigh levels of this receptor, a characteristic associated with poorclinical outcome. The upper aerodigestive tract provides a uniquemodel for studying the development of squamous cell carcinomaand for investigating candidate SEBs(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Ciclo-Oxigenase 2/metabolismo , Ciclo-Oxigenase 2/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Epiteliais e Glandulares/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Epiteliais e Glandulares/epidemiologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Neoplasias de Células Escamosas/terapia , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias/patologia , Leucoplasia/patologia , Leucoplasia Pilosa/fisiopatologia
8.
Acta otorrinolaringol. esp ; 57(6): 266-269, jun.-jul. 2006. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-047525

RESUMO

Objetivo: Mediante laringoestroboscopia podemos analizar la vibración de las cuerdas vocales durante la fonación. La pérdida de las propiedades viscoelásticas de la lámina propia superficial altera la vibración de las cuerdas y la propagación de la onda mucosa. Nos proponemos relacionar los hallazgos estroboscópicos con los resultados anatomopatológicos de biopsias de cuerda vocal en pacientes con laringitis crónica. Material y métodos: Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo en el que incluimos 30 laringoscopias directas (LD) con biopsia y sus correspondientes laringoestroboscopias, realizadas en 25 pacientes. Resultados: En los pacientes con ausencia de onda mucosa en la exploración estroboscópica, encontramos displasia severa o carcinoma epidermoide en el 60% de los casos. Encontramos un 20% de casos con carcinoma cuando la onda mucosa estaba presente. Conclusiones: La probabilidad de encontrar carcinoma epidermoide de cuerda vocal, es significativamente mayor cuando en la exploración estroboscópica encontramos ausencia de onda mucosa. La presencia de onda mucosa no excluye de forma absoluta la posibilidad de que la lesión de la cuerda sea maligna


Introduction: The laryngostroboscopy allows analysis of the vocal fold vibrations during phonation. Disruption of normal viscoelastic properties of the superficial lamina propria results in aberrant vocal fold vibration and mucosal wave propagation. Therefore, an investigation was performed to relate the stroboscopic results with the anatomopathologic results of chronic laryngitis and glottic cancer. Material y methods: We performed a retrospective study, which included 30 direct laryngoscopies with biopsy of 25 patients and their corresponding laryngostroboscopies. Results: 60% of the cases of “absence of mucosal wave” displayed severe dysplasia or carcinoma. 20% of the cases of “limited or present mucosal wave” were carcinoma. Conclusions: The probability of finding severe dysplasia or carcinoma is significantly greater when we find absence of mucosal wave. The presence of mucosal wave does not exclude the possibility of malignant lesion of the vocal fold


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Laringite/diagnóstico , Estroboscopia/métodos , Prega Vocal/fisiopatologia , Carcinoma/diagnóstico , Doença Crônica , Doenças da Laringe/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Laríngeas/epidemiologia , Leucoplasia/diagnóstico , Distúrbios da Voz/diagnóstico
9.
Oncología (Barc.) ; 27(2): 60-68, feb. 2004. tab, ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-30769

RESUMO

- Propósito: las altas dosis de quimioterapia (ADQ) y el rescate con progenitores hematopoyéticos autólogos ha demostrado mejorar la supervivencia en pacientes con meduloblastoma (MB) y tumor neuroectodérmico primitivo supratentorial (stPNET) recurrente y de alto riesgo.- Material y métodos: presentamos 19 pacientes tratados con ADQ, 13 de alto riesgo y 6 con enfermedad recurrente. Los pacientes fueron movilizados con factores estimulantes de colonias granulocíticas (G-CSF) a dosis de 12 µg/kg/12h durante 4 días. El acondicionamiento consistió en busulfán-melfalán. Tres pacientes recibieron de manera adicional tiotepa y cuatro pacientes topotecán. Los progenitores hematopoyéticos fueron reinfundidos 48h tras finalizar la quimioterapia.- Resultados: con una mediana de seguimiento de 18 meses (rango 5-63) tras el trasplante, 9 pacientes (47 por ciento) están vivos (8 en remisión completa y 1 en remisión parcial). Fallecieron 3 pacientes (15 por ciento) por toxicidad del procedimiento y 7 por enfermedad progresiva (36 por ciento). La supervivencia libre de eventos, según el método de Kaplan-Meier, es del 37,67ñ14 por ciento en todos los pacientes y un 57ñ15 por ciento en los pacientes de alto riesgo.- Conclusiones: en nuestra experiencia las ADQ, aunque es un procedimiento tóxico, puede mejorar la supervivencia especialmente en pacientes con MB o stPNET de alto riesgo (AU)


Assuntos
Feminino , Masculino , Criança , Humanos , Hematopoese , Hematopoese/fisiologia , Meduloblastoma/diagnóstico , Meduloblastoma/tratamento farmacológico , Transplante Autólogo/métodos , Cinética , Tumores Neuroectodérmicos Primitivos/complicações , Tumores Neuroectodérmicos Primitivos/diagnóstico , Tumores Neuroectodérmicos Primitivos/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Supratentoriais/complicações , Neoplasias Supratentoriais/diagnóstico , Leucoplasia/diagnóstico , Leucoplasia/complicações , Fatores de Risco , Tiotepa/administração & dosagem , Tiotepa/uso terapêutico , Hematínicos/administração & dosagem , Hematínicos/uso terapêutico , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/complicações , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico
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