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1.
O.F.I.L ; 33(4)2023.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-230075

RESUMO

El cambio de EVG/COBI/FTC/TAF a BIC/FTC/TAF es una estrategia para optimizar la terapia antirretroviral. Nuestro objetivo fue analizar cómo variaban los parámetros analíticos renales tras cambiar tratamiento. Los objetivos secundarios fueron determinar si edad y sexo de los pacientes y el tiempo que habían tomado cobicistat previamente condicionaba la posible variación de los parámetros renales. Se realizó un estudio piloto observacional, descriptivo y ambispectivo. Los parámetros renales se obtuvieron de las analíticas previas más cercanas al cambio (considerándose este valor el basal) y después de 12, 24 semanas y 12 meses tras cambiar tratamiento. Se incluyeron 60 pacientes. En los niveles de creatinina sérica, se observó cambio a las 24 semanas (aumento medio de 0,06 mg/dL, p=0,025) y a los 12 meses (aumento medio de 0,03 mg/dL, p=0,05). Considerando la tasa de filtración glomerular (CKD-EPI), hubo bajada en los 3 períodos analizados, pero sin significación estadística. No hubo influencia del sexo, edad ni tiempo que los pacientes habían tomado cobicistat previamente. (AU)


Switching of EVG/COBI/FTC/TAF to BIC/FTC/TAF is a valid strategy for antiretroviral therapy optimization. Our aim was to analize how the variation of analytical parameters for renal function estimation after the change of their treatment. Secondary objectives were to determine if age and sex of the patients and the time they have previously taken cobicistat conditions the possible variation in renal parameters. An observational, descriptive and ambispective pilot study was performed. The renal laboratory parameters were obtained from the previous laboratory tests closest in time to the change (this value being considered the baseline) and after 12, 24 weeks and 12 months after a change in treatment with BIC/FTC/TAF. 60 patients were included. Regarding serum creatinine levels, a change in serum creatine levels was observed at 24 weeks (mean increase of 0.06 mg/dL, p=0.025) and at 12 months (mean increase of 0.03 mg/dL, p=0.05). Considering glomerular filtration (CKD-EPI), there was downward trend in the 3 periods analyzed, but statistical significance was not reached. There was no influence of sex, age and the length of time that the patients had taken cobicistat before the change. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Combinação Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, Emtricitabina e Fumarato de Tenofovir Desoproxila/uso terapêutico , Fármacos Anti-HIV/uso terapêutico , HIV/efeitos dos fármacos , Combinação de Medicamentos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Farmacêuticos
2.
O.F.I.L ; 33(4)2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-230082

RESUMO

El estado inmunitario del organismo es determinante en la evolución de la infección producida por el virus SARS-CoV-2. La inmunosupresión constituye uno de los factores de riesgo que incrementa la reactivación del virus en el organismo, sumado al propio estado de salud del hospedador y factores virológicos como la carga viral y el genotipo del virus (Ye et al. 2020). El Grupo de Investigación Long COVID ACTS sugiere la importante actividad de los anticuerpos en el control de la enfermedad, pues una actividad inmunitaria debilitada y ausencia de respuesta humoral parece aumentar la persistencia del virus en el organismo, con la consecuente subsistencia de la sintomatología dando lugar a una situación de COVID persistente o long COVID, término que se define como “la persistencia o desarrollo de síntomas más allá de las 4 semanas desde el inicio de la enfermedad” (Naeije & Caravita, 2021). El COVID persistente surge con mayor frecuencia en pacientes de edad avanzada, con una o más comorbilidades y un estado inmunitario comprometido. Presentamos un caso de un varón de 72 años diagnosticado de leucemia linfocítica crónica en tratamiento quimioterápico, que dio positivo en la prueba de Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa (PCR) con un umbral de ciclos (CT) menor a 20 durante más de 90 días y una sintomatología severa. El caso fue valorado por un equipo multidisciplinar. Se planteó la utilidad de tratamientos como el uso de ciclos repetidos de remdesivir seguido de tratamiento mantenido con emtricitabina/tenofovir disoproxilo. (AU)


The body’s immune system status is decisive in the evolution of the infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Immunosuppression along with host health status and virologic factors such as viral load and variant genotype are risk factors that increase the possibility of viral reactivation (Ye et al. 2020). The group Long COVID ACTS suggests the important activity of antibodies to control the disease. A weakened immune system and lack of humoral response appear to increase the persistence of the virus in the body and the consequent persistence of symptoms leading to a persistent or long COVID situation, which is defined as “the persistence or development of symptoms beyond 4 weeks from the onset of the disease” (Naeije & Caravita, 2021). Persistent COVID is more frequent in elderly patients, with comorbidities and immunocompromised status. We present a case of a 72-year-old man diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia under chemotherapy treatment. COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing was positive with cycle threshold (CT) values <20 for more than 90 days and severe symptoms. The case was evaluated by a multidisciplinary team. Repeated courses of remdesivir and maintenance treatment with emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate were applied. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , /terapia , /tratamento farmacológico , Emtricitabina/uso terapêutico , Tenofovir/uso terapêutico , Combinação Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, Emtricitabina e Fumarato de Tenofovir Desoproxila , Agamaglobulinemia
3.
O.F.I.L ; 31(2)2021.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-222578

RESUMO

We report a case of iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome associated with an interaction between cobicistat and fluticasone in a seropositive woman treated with elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabina/TAF (Genvoya®). This case highlights the importance to review interactions between antirretroviral therapy and other drugs, especially when antirretroviral scheme includes protease inhibitors enhanced with ritonavir or cobicistat. These enhancers interfere the cytochrome P-450 metabolic pathway. A large number of drugs are metabolized by cytochrome P-450 and may be altered by cobicistat or ritonavir. (AU)


Presentamos un caso de síndrome de Cushing asociado a la interacción entre cobicistat y fluticasona en una mujer seropositiva en tratamiento con elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabina/TAF (Genvoya®). Este caso pone de manifiesto la importancia de la revisión de las interacciones entre el tratamiento antirretroviral y otros tratamientos concomitantes, especialmente cuando el esquema antirretroviral contiene inhibidores de proteasa potenciados con ritonavir o cobicistat. Esta potenciación afecta a la ruta metabólica mediada por el citocromo P450. Un elevado número de fármacos son metabolizados por el citocromo P450, y por tanto pueden verse afectados cuando se administran con ritonavir o cobicistat. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndrome de Cushing , Doença Iatrogênica , Combinação Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, Emtricitabina e Fumarato de Tenofovir Desoproxila/efeitos adversos , Combinação Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, Emtricitabina e Fumarato de Tenofovir Desoproxila/uso terapêutico
4.
Rev. esp. enferm. dig ; 109(9): 619-626, sept. 2017. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-165847

RESUMO

Introducción: se analizó la efectividad de una estrategia de cribado de la infección por el virus de la hepatitis B (VHB) con consiguiente profilaxis en pacientes con neoplasia hematológica para evitar la reactivación del VHB. Material y métodos: se utilizó un árbol de decisión para comparar costes y eficacia (reactivaciones evitadas), en 18 meses, de una estrategia con cribado previo a quimioterapia con R-CHOP (rituximab, ciclofosfamida, doxorrubicina, vincristina y prednisona) versus una estrategia sin cribado. Los pacientes HBsAg+ (antígeno de superficie de la hepatitis B) y/o antiHBc+ (anticuerpos del núcleo de la hepatitis B) y ADN-VHB+ recibieron profilaxis antiviral con tenofovir disoproxil desde el inicio de la quimioterapia hasta un año después de su finalización. Los pacientes sin cribado recibieron tenofovir en caso de reactivación. Las probabilidades del modelo se obtuvieron de la literatura. El coste total (Euros, 2015) incluyó: profilaxis antiviral, R-CHOP, pruebas de cribado (HBsAg, antiHBc y ADN-VHB) y función hepática. El coste farmacológico se calculó con el precio de venta al laboratorio aplicando la deducción obligatoria. Resultados: en una cohorte hipotética de 1.000 pacientes, el cribado evitó 7,36 reactivaciones frente a la estrategia sin cribado (14,9 versus 22,3). El coste total/paciente (incluyendo 8.282 Euros de coste de R-CHOP) fue de 8.584 Euros para la estrategia con cribado y 8.449 Euros para la estrategia sin cribado. La relación coste-efectividad incremental del cribado versus la estrategia sin cribado fue de 18.376 Euros/reactivación evitada. Conclusión: el cribado de la infección por el VHB permite implementar una profilaxis antiviral en pacientes con alto riesgo de reactivación, disminuyendo la frecuencia de dichas reactivaciones en pacientes con neoplasias hematológicas en tratamiento quimioterapia, con un coste incremental aceptable (AU)


Introduction: The effectiveness of a screening strategy for the detection of a hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection followed by prophylaxis in order to prevent HBV reactivation was assessed in patients with hematologic neoplasms. Material and methods: A decision tree was developed to compare the cost and effectiveness (prevented reactivations) over an 18 month period of a screening strategy prior to chemotherapy with R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone) with a non-screening approach. HBsAg+ (hepatitis B surface antigen) and/or anti-HBc+ (antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen) and HBV-DNA+ patients received oral antiviral prophylaxis with tenofovir disoproxil (245 mg once daily) from chemotherapy baseline until one year after chemotherapy completion. Non-screened patients received tenofovir in case of a reactivation. Model probabilities were obtained from the literature. The total cost (Euros, 2015) included: antiviral prophylaxis, R-CHOP, screening tests (HBsAg, anti-HBc, HBV-DNA) and liver function tests. Drug therapy costs were estimated using ex-factory prices with mandatory deductions. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was calculated in order to assess the cost-effectiveness of this intervention in terms of cost per reactivation averted versus no screening. Results: In a hypothetical cohort of 1,000 patients, screening prevented 7.36 reactivations when compared to the non-screening approach (14.9 versus 22.3). Total cost/patient (including Euros 8,282 for R-CHOP) was Euros 8,584 for the screening strategy and Euros 8,449 for the non-screening approach. The ICER for screening versus non-screening was Euros18,376/prevented reactivation. Conclusion: HBV screening followed by oral antiviral prophylaxis yielded more health benefits than non-screening, reducing HBV reactivation in patients with hematologic neoplasms on chemotherapy (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Hepatite B/economia , Neoplasias Hematológicas/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias Hematológicas/tratamento farmacológico , Tenofovir/administração & dosagem , Rituximab/uso terapêutico , Avaliação de Custo-Efetividade , Estudos de Coortes , Combinação Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, Emtricitabina e Fumarato de Tenofovir Desoproxila/uso terapêutico
5.
Rev. iberoam. micol ; 34(1): 53-55, ene.-mar. 2017. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-160737

RESUMO

No disponible


We present the case of a 34 year-old man, HIV-positive, who had suffered a disseminated histoplasmosis treated with amphotericin B one year before his admission. He was admitted at the Infectious Diseases Muñiz Hospital with a non-lithiasic chlolecystitis. During the clinical examination perigenital skin lesions compatible with tinea cruris, as well as proximal subungual onychomycoses of toenails, were observed. Microsporum gypseum was isolated from both types of lesions. Oral terbinafine led to a good clinical response. Treatment prescription was a big challenge in this patient because he was receiving HAART and itraconazole, and there was scarce experience in the treatment of nail infections due to M. gypseum (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Onicomicose/diagnóstico , Onicomicose/tratamento farmacológico , Onicomicose/microbiologia , Itraconazol/uso terapêutico , Anfotericina B/uso terapêutico , Radiografia Torácica/instrumentação , Radiografia Torácica/métodos , Tinha/complicações , Tinha/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Colecistite/complicações , Colecistite/diagnóstico , Colecistostomia/métodos , Combinação Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, Emtricitabina e Fumarato de Tenofovir Desoproxila/uso terapêutico
6.
Pharm. pract. (Granada, Internet) ; 14(4): 0-0, oct.-dic. 2016. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-158878

RESUMO

Objective: Evaluate the impact of fixed-dose combination (FDC) containing emtricitabine (FTC), tenofovir (TDF), and efavirenz (EFV) versus a free-dose combination (FRC) of the same three drugs on clinical outcomes, adherence and quality of life in Malaysian outpatients with HIV. Methods: HIV patients (n=120) on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in the infectious disease clinic of Hospital Sungai Buloh were randomized to either FDC (n=60) or FRC (n=60). Morisky scores, health-related quality of life scores and clinical outcomes such as CD4 count and viral load were assessed in both groups at baseline and six months. Result: Patients on FDC (108 SD=1.1) had a significantly higher CD4 count increase compared to the FRC group (746.1 SD=36.3 vs 799.8 SD=33.8) (p <0.001). The viral load profile was unchanged and remained undetectable in both groups. The quality of life EQ-5D scores showed a positive correlation with CD4 counts in the FDC group (ρ=0.301, p=0.019) at six months. On the other hand, quality of life EQ-VAS scores was significantly associated with medication adherence in the FDC group at six months (ρ=0.749, p=0.05). However, no significant changes or associations were observed in the FRC group. Conclusion: Management of HAART using an FDC demonstrated a positive clinical outcome, adherence and quality of life within six months in local HIV patients (AU)


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Síndromes de Imunodeficiência/terapia , Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida/terapia , Qualidade de Vida , Antirretrovirais/uso terapêutico , Combinação Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, Emtricitabina e Fumarato de Tenofovir Desoproxila/uso terapêutico , Combinação Emtricitabina, Rilpivirina e Tenofovir/uso terapêutico , Contagem de Linfócito CD4/métodos , Adesão à Medicação , Malásia/epidemiologia , Quimioterapia Combinada , Resultado do Tratamento
7.
Sanid. mil ; 72(1): 42-52, ene.-mar. 2016.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-150949

RESUMO

Se reseñan los medicamentos evaluados y con dictamen positivo por comisión de expertos de la Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios o de la Agencia Europea del Medicamento hechos públicos en septiembre, octubre y noviembre de 2015. Se trata de opiniones técnicas positivas previas a la autorización y puesta en el mercado del medicamento


The drugs assessed by the Spanish Agency for Medicines and Health Products or European Medicines Agency made public in September, October and November of 2015, and considered of interest to the healthcare professional, are reviewed. These are positive technical reports prior to the authorization and placing on the market of the product


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Preparações Farmacêuticas/administração & dosagem , Preparações Farmacêuticas/normas , Avaliação de Medicamentos/instrumentação , Avaliação de Medicamentos/métodos , Avaliação de Medicamentos , Asparaginase/administração & dosagem , Asparaginase/efeitos adversos , Asparaginase/farmacologia , Combinação Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, Emtricitabina e Fumarato de Tenofovir Desoproxila/administração & dosagem , Combinação Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, Emtricitabina e Fumarato de Tenofovir Desoproxila/farmacologia , Etanercepte/administração & dosagem , Etanercepte/farmacologia , Etanercepte/uso terapêutico , Fenilbutiratos/administração & dosagem , Fenilbutiratos/farmacologia , Fenilbutiratos/uso terapêutico , Fentanila/administração & dosagem , Fentanila/farmacologia , Fentanila/uso terapêutico , Levodopa/administração & dosagem , Levodopa/uso terapêutico
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