Deoxyelephantopin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced septic lung injury through inhibiting NF-kB/STAT3 axis

Sepsis induces multiple organ dysfunction syndromes, such as acute kidney, liver, or lung injury. Septic lung injury is associated with excessive apoptosis and inflammatory responses in hepatocytes. Deoxyelephantopin is a sesquiterpene lactone found in Elephantopus scaberL, and has immunomodulatory, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antifungal properties. The role of deoxyelephantopin in sepsis-associated lung injury was investigated. First, human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) and human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAEC) were treated with lipopolysaccharide to induce cytotoxicity. Treatment with lipopolysac-charide reduced cell viability of BEAS-2B and HPAEC, and promoted cell apoptosis through down-regulation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and up-regulation of cleaved PARP and B-cell lymphoma-associated X protein (Bax). Second, lipo-polysaccharide-treated BEAS-2B and HPAEC were incubated with increasing concentrations of deoxyelephantopin, that is, 1, 5, or 10 μM. Deoxyelephantopin enhanced cell viability and reduced cell apoptosis of lipopolysaccharide-treated BEAS-2B and HPAEC. Third, deoxyele-phantopin attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced decrease of superoxide dismutase and glutathione, and increase of malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase in BEAS-2B and HPAEC. Moreover, deoxyelephantopin also weakened lipopolysaccharide-induced increase of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6. Finally, deoxyelephantopin decreased pro-tein expression of p-p65 and p-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in lipopolysaccharide-treated BEAS-2B and HPAEC. In conclusion, deoxyelephantopin exhibited anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects against lipopolysaccharide-treated BEAS-2B and HPAEC through inactivation of nuclear factor kappa B/STAT3 signaling (AU)

Curcumol inhibits PDGF-BB-induced proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells by suppressing ERK/CREB pathway

Background Curcumol, possessing antiviral, antifungal, antimicrobial, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties, has been widely used in treating cancers and liver fibrosis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of curcumol on the progression of asthma.Materials and methods Curcumol was administrated to platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-stimulated airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). The proliferation of ASMCs was assessed by MTT and EdU incorporation assays. The apoptosis of ASMCs was measured by flow cytometry and Western blotting. The migration of ASMCs was evaluated by Transwell migration assay and Western blotting. The regulatory effects of curcumol on extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK)/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) pathway was evaluated by Western blotting.Results The proliferation and migration of ASMCs induced by PDGF-BB was suppressed, and the apoptosis of ASMCs was elevated by curcumol in a dose-dependent manner. The activation of ERK/CREB pathway induced by PDGF-BB was suppressed by curcumol.Conclusion Curcumol could suppress ERK/CREB pathway to inhibit proliferation and migration and promote apoptosis of PDGF-BB-stimulated ASMCs. These findings suggest that curcumol may act as a potential drug for asthma treatment (AU)

Cytotoxic activity of Alfa-humulene and transcaryophyllene from Salvia officinalis in animal and human tumor cells / Actividad citotóxica del Alfa-humuleno y del tras-cariofileno de Salvia officinalis en dos líneas celulares tumorales animal y humana

Background: The purpose of the present work is two-fold: the fractionationof Salvia officinalis essential oil and the cytotoxic study ofthis oil with its fractions ¡°in vitro¡± tumor cell lines. Materials andMethods: S. officinalis essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillationand fractionated with column chromatography; the essential oil andits fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) coupled tomass spectrometry (MS). The cytotoxic activity was evaluated incellular lines of breast cancer MCF-7, colon cancer HCT-116, andmurine macrophage RAW264.7 cell lines by the MTT assay. Results:the sub-subfraction F1.1.1 of S. officinalis essential oil containing ¦Á-humulene present highest activity on RAW264.7 and HCT-116 withIC50 values of 41.9 and 77.3 ¦Ìg/ml, respectively. The sub-subfractionF1.2.1 of S. officinalis essential oil with trans-caryophyllene showedless activity on RAW246.7 and HCT-116 with IC50 values of 90.5 and145.8 ¦Ìg/ml. Conclusion: This paper suggests that the ¦Á-humulene andtrans-caryophyllene extracted from S.officinalis essential oil inhibit tumorcell growth (AU)

Antecedentes: Este trabajo tiene dos objetivos: el fraccionamiento del aceite esencial de la especie Salvia officinalis y la determinación de la citotoxicidad del mencionado aceite esencial con sus fracciones en líneas celulares tumorales “in vitro”. Material y Métodos: El aceite esencial de Salvia officinalis fue obtenido por hidrodestilación y fraccionado mediante cromatografía en columna; el aceite esencial y sus fracciones fueron analizadas mediante cromatografía de gases (GC) acoplada a espectrometría de masas (MS). La actividad citotóxica fue evaluada en líneas celulares de cáncer de mama MCF-7; cáncer de colon HCT-116 y en macrófago murino. RAW264.7 con el ensayo MTT. Resultados: La sub-subfracción F1.1.1 del aceite esencial de Salvia officinalis que contiene alfa-humuleno presenta la actividad mas acusada frente a las líneas celulares RAW264.7 y HCT-116, con valores de IC50 de 41,9 y de 77,3 μg/ml respectivamente. La sub-subfracción F1.2.1 del aceite esencial de Salvia officinalis con trans-cariofileno, muestra menor actividad sobre células RAW246.7 y HCT-116 con valores de IC50 de 90,5 y 145,8 μg/ml respectivamente. Conclusión: Estos resultados sugieren que el alfa-humuleno y el trans-cariofileno de los extractos del aceite esencial de Salvia officinalis inhiben el crecimiento de células tumorales (AU)