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2.
Clin. transl. oncol. (Print) ; 19(2): 261-264, feb. 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-159459

RESUMO

Background. Mucinous gastrointestinal cancers may indicate a higher propensity for widespread peritoneal seeding than their non-mucinous counterparts. We hypothesized that mucin content of gastrointestinal cancer cells and tumors is an indicator of cell viability and a determinant of the peritoneal tumor burden and tested our hypothesis in relevant experimental models. Methods. MKN45 and LS174T models of human gastrointestinal cancer were treated with known mucin-depleting agents in vitro and in vivo, their mucin production was evaluated with Western blot immunohistochemistry, PAS staining and ELISA, and its correlation with cell viability and peritoneal tumor burden was analyzed. Results. A relationship was found between the viability of cancer cells and their mucin levels in vitro. In agreement, when treated animal models were categorized into low- and high-burden groups (based on the weight and number of the peritoneal nodules), tumoral mucin levels were found to be significantly higher in the latter group. Conclusions. Tumoral mucin is apparently among the factors that dictate the pattern and extent of the peritoneal spread of gastrointestinal cancer, where it allows for enhanced dissemination and redistribution. If further tested and validated, our hypothesis could lay the basis for the development of novel mucin-targeted strategies (AU)


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Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Neoplasias Gastrointestinais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Peritoneais/complicações , Mucina-1/administração & dosagem , Mucinas Gástricas/administração & dosagem , Mucinas Gástricas/análise , Mucina-2/administração & dosagem , Mucina-2/análise , Mucina-5AC/administração & dosagem , Mucina-5AC/análise , Modelos Animais , Imuno-Histoquímica/métodos , Imuno-Histoquímica/normas , Imuno-Histoquímica , Western Blotting/métodos , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/métodos , Proteínas Ativadoras de Esfingolipídeos/análise
3.
Rev. iberoam. micol ; 33(1): 34-37, ene.-mar. 2016. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-149372

RESUMO

Background. Onychomycosis is the most common nail disease and represents around 50% of nail disorders. Accurate diagnosis with adequate evidence is ideal before starting any treatment. Current diagnostic methods offer low specificity and sensitivity. Aims. To create a new method for the diagnosis of onychomycosis, and to compare its sensitivity and specificity with the existing methods. Methods. One hundred and ninety-two samples with clinical suspicion of onychomycosis were included and underwent modified PAS stain (M-PAS), KOH/chlorazol black (KOH/CB) and culture testing. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated. Results. In 152 out of 192 samples (79.2%) fungi structures were found in at least one of the three tests performed, and the patients were diagnosed with onychomycosis; 40 samples out of 192 (20.8%) were negative. Using M-PAS, filaments and/or spores were seen in 143 samples from the 152 positive (94%); 39 of them were negative to KOH/CB and positive to M-PAS (25.6%). With KOH/CB, filaments and/or spores were seen in 113 cases from the 152 positive samples (73.8% of the onychomycosis cases). Thirty-five cultures were positive, of which 77% were identified as Trichophyton rubrum; 117 onychomycosis cases were diagnosed despite the negative culture (76.9%). M-PAS showed 92.5% sensitivity and 55.55% specificity, a 67.5% positive predictive value and a 81.6% negative productive value. Conclusions. This procedure, a combination of the existing methods to diagnose onychomycosis, KOH/CB together with a nail clipping biopsy, proved to have high sensitivity, as well as being rapid, easy, inexpensive and readily available in most hospital settings. M-PAS allowed us to diagnose 39 cases (25.6% of the cases of onychomycosis) that were false negative using only KOH/CB and culture (AU)


Antecedentes. La onicomicosis es la enfermedad más común de las uñas y representa un 50% del total de las enfermedades que afectan a esta parte del cuerpo. Antes de iniciar un tratamiento, es muy recomendable contar con un diagnóstico preciso y pruebas suficientes. En la actualidad, los métodos diagnósticos ofrecen una sensibilidad y especificidad bajas. Objetivos. Crear un nuevo método de diagnóstico de la onicomicosis y comparar su sensibilidad y especificidad con los métodos diagnósticos existentes. Métodos. Se recogieron ciento noventa y dos muestras con sospecha clínica de onicomicosis en las que se aplicaron las pruebas de examen directo con KOH/Negro de clorazol (KOH/CB), cultivo y examen directo teñido con PAS (M-PAS). Se calcularon la sensibilidad, la especificidad, y los valores predictivos positivo y negativo. Resultados. En 152 de las 192 muestras (79,2%) se hallaron estructuras micóticas en una de las tres pruebas realizadas como mínimo, y se diagnosticó onicomicosis en dichos pacientes; 40 de las 192 muestras (20,8%) dieron resultados negativos. Mediante M-PAS, se observaron filamentos o esporas en 143 de las 152 muestras (94%); 39 de ellas resultaron negativas con KOH/CB y positivas con M-PAS (25,6%). En el caso de KOH/CB, se observaron filamentos o esporas en 113 de las 152 muestras, (73,8% de los casos de onicomicosis). Treinta y cinco cultivos dieron resultados positivos, conel 77% de los aislamientos obtenidos identificados como Trichophyton rubrum; se diagnosticaron 117 casos de onicomicosis a pesar de los resultados negativos en el cultivo (76,9%). La sensibilidad de M-PAS fue del 92,5%, la especificidad del 55,55%, y los valores predictivos positivo y negativo de 67,5% y 81,6%, respectivamente. Conclusiones. Este procedimiento, una fusión de métodos ya existentes para el diagnóstico de la onicomicosis, que aplica KOH/CB junto con una biopsia de fragmentos de uña, mostró una gran sensibilidad. Es además un método rápido, fácil, económico y disponible en la mayoría de los ámbitos hospitalarios. M-PAS permitió diagnosticar 39 casos (25,6% de los pacientes con onicomicosis) con resultados falsos negativos al utilizar únicamente KOH/CB y cultivo (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Onicomicose/diagnóstico , Onicomicose/microbiologia , Onicomicose/patologia , Proteínas Ativadoras de Esfingolipídeos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Trichophyton/isolamento & purificação , Micologia/métodos , Trichophyton/patogenicidade , Técnicas Microbiológicas/métodos , Técnicas Microbiológicas
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