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1.
J. physiol. biochem ; 79(2): 313-325, may. 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-222544

RESUMO

Signaling by the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily is necessary for proper neural development and is involved in pain processing under both physiological and pathological conditions. Sensory neurons that reside in the dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) initially begin to perceive noxious signaling from their innervating peripheral target tissues and further convey pain signaling to the central nervous system. However, the transcriptional profile of the TGF-β superfamily members in DRGs during chronic inflammatory pain remains elusive. We developed a custom microarray to screen for transcriptional changes in members of the TGF-β superfamily in lumbar DRGs of rats with chronic inflammatory pain and found that the transcription of the TGF-β superfamily members tends to be downregulated. Among them, signaling of the activin/inhibin and bone morphogenetic protein/growth and differentiation factor (BMP/GDF) families dramatically decreased. In addition, peripherally pre-local administration of activins A and C worsened formalin-induced acute inflammatory pain, whereas activin C, but not activin A, improved formalin-induced persistent inflammatory pain by inhibiting the activation of astrocytes. This is the first report of the TGF-β superfamily transcriptional profiles in lumbar DRGs under chronic inflammatory pain conditions, in which transcriptional changes in cytokines or pathway components were found to contribute to, or be involved in, inflammatory pain processing. Our data will provide more targets for pain research. (AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Gânglios Espinais , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta , Proteínas Morfogenéticas Ósseas/fisiologia , Grupos Diagnósticos Relacionados , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular , Dor
2.
Allergol. immunopatol ; 51(4): 10-18, 2023. graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-222630

RESUMO

Background: Asthma is a severe chronic respiratory disease affecting all age groups with increasing prevalence. Anti-inflammatory strategies are promising options for the treatment of asthma. Although the inhibitory effect of aloin on inflammation has been demonstrated in various diseases, its effect on asthma remains unknown. Methods: A mice asthma model was established by treating with ovalbumin (OVA). The effects and mechanism of aloin on the OVA-treated mice were determined by enzyme-linked--immunosorbent serologic assay, biochemical examination, hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's staining, and Western blot assay. Results: OVA treatment in mice significantly increased the number of total cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, and macrophages and the concentration of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13, which were attenuated with the administration of aloin. The content of malondialdehyde was enhanced in OVA-treated mice, with the decreased levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione, which were reversed with aloin treatment. Aloin treatment reduced the airway resistance of OVA-induced mice. The inflammatory cell infiltration around small airways was accompanied by the thickening and contraction of bronchial walls and pulmonary collagen deposition in OVA-treated mice; however, these conditions were ameliorated with aloin treatment. Mechanically, aloin upregulated the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)—heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway but inhibited the level of transforming growth factor beta–SMAD2/3 genes (TGF-β/Smad2/3) axis in OVA-induced mice. Conclusion: Aloin treatment lessened airway hyperresponsiveness, airway remodeling, inflammation, and oxidative stress in OVA-treated mice, and was closely related to the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and the weakening of TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Asma/tratamento farmacológico , Fator de Transcrição NF-E2/metabolismo , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/metabolismo , Emodina/análogos & derivados , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Emodina/uso terapêutico , Asma/induzido quimicamente
3.
Reumatol. clín. (Barc.) ; 17(10): 562-565, Dic. 2021. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-213368

RESUMO

Introduction: Sarcoidosis is a chronic granulomatous disease that develops with non-caseified granuloma formation. Galectin-3 is a multifunctional protein operating in biological processes such as fibrosis, angiogenesis, and immune activation. Purpose: This study evaluates the levels of serum galectin-3 and TGF-beta in sarcoidosis patients to determine a possible correlation with clinical findings. Material and method: Forty-four biopsy-proven sarcoidosis patients followed in a single centre and 41 age and sex-matched healthy volunteers were included in the study. The levels of serum galectin-3 and TGF-beta were evaluated by ELISA method. Results: Among the 44 sarcoidosis patients, 13(29.5%) were male and 31(70.5%) were female. The average patient age was 47.4 and the average disease duration was 3.2 years. The level of serum galectin-3 was found to be the same as in the control group and had no significance statistically (p=.977). No correlation was determined between the level of serum galectin-3 and clinical and laboratory findings of sarcoidosis (p>.05). The level of serum TGF-beta was found to be higher in the sarcoidosis patients when compared to that of the control group (p=.005). While a correlation was found between serum TGF-beta and enthesitis, sacroiliitis, and arthralgia (p=.006, p=.034, p=.02), no correlation was determined on the other clinical and laboratory findings (p>.05). Conclusion: While the level of serum galectin-3 was determined to be normal in sarcoidosis patients, a high level of serum TGF-beta was found. These findings show that TGF-beta may play an important role in sarcoidosis pathogenesis and the formation of granuloma.(AU)


Introducción: : La sarcoidosis es una enfermedad granulomatosa crónica que se desarrolla con una formación de granuloma no caseificado. Galectina-3 es una proteína multifuncional que opera en procesos biológicos como la fibrosis, la angiogénesis y la activación inmune. Propósito: Este estudio evalúa los niveles séricos de galectina-3 y TGF-beta en pacientes con sarcoidosis para determinar una posible correlación con los hallazgos clínicos. Material y método: Fueron seguidos en un solo centro 44 pacientes con sarcoidosis probados por biopsia y se incluyeron en el estudio 41 voluntarios sanos de la misma edad y sexo. Los niveles séricos de galectina-3 y TGF-beta fueron evaluados por el método ELISA. Resultados: Entre los 44 pacientes con sarcoidosis, 13 (29,5%) eran hombres y 31 (70,5%) eran mujeres. La edad promedio de los pacientes fue de 47,4 y la duración promedio de la enfermedad fue de 3,2 años. Se encontró que el nivel de galectina-3 en suero era el mismo que en el grupo control y no tenía significancia estadística (p = 0,977). No se determinó correlación entre el nivel sérico de galectina-3 y los hallazgos clínicos y de laboratorio de sarcoidosis (p > 0,05). El nivel de TGF-beta en suero se encontró más alto en los pacientes con sarcoidosis, en comparación con el del grupo control (p = 0,005). Si bien se encontró una correlación entre el TGF-beta sérico y la entesitis, sacroileítis y artralgia (p = 0,006, p = 0,034, p = 0,02), no se determinó correlación en los otros hallazgos clínicos y de laboratorio (p > 0,05). Conclusión: Si bien se determinó que el nivel sérico de galectina-3 era normal en pacientes con sarcoidosis, se encontró un alto nivel de TGF-beta en suero. Estos hallazgos muestran que el TGF-beta puede desempeñar un papel importante en la patogénesis de la sarcoidosis y la formación de granuloma.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Galectina 3 , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta , Sarcoidose , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Patogênese Homeopática , Reumatologia , Doenças Reumáticas
4.
Nefrología (Madrid) ; 40(2): 171-179, mar.-abr. 2020. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-199105

RESUMO

ANTECEDENTES: La principal causa de morbimortalidad en el paciente con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) es la cardiovascular. La inflamación y las alteraciones en el metabolismo óseo-mineral en estos pacientes conllevan aumento del riesgo cardiovascular. OBJETIVOS: Valorar el papel de paricalcitol sobre distintos parámetros séricos relacionados con inflamación, fibrosis y enfermedad óseo-mineral en la ERC. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo, no controlado en 46 pacientes con ERC estadios III-V sin diálisis, con niveles elevados de paratohormona, según su estadio de ERC, por lo que se introdujo tratamiento con el análogo de vitamina D paricalcitol. Durante 4 meses de tratamiento valoramos los parámetros clásicos y novedosos del metabolismo óseo-mineral en suero (calcio, fósforo, paratohormona, factor de crecimiento fibroblástico-23 [FGF-23], Klotho y calcidiol) y parámetros relacionados con el proceso de inflamación-fibrosis y anticalcificantes (interleucina-6 y 10, factor de necrosis tumoral alfa [TNF-a], factor de crecimiento transformante beta [TGF-b], proteína ósea morfogénica-7 [BMP-7], y fetuína-A). RESULTADOS: Tras el uso de paricalcitol los niveles de Klotho aumentaron (p = 0,001) y los de FGF-23 se mantuvieron estables al igual que los de calcio y fósforo; calcidiol aumentó de forma significativa (p = 0,010) y paratohormona descendió (p = 0,002). Los parámetros de inflamación, fibrosis y calcificación mostraron una regulación benigna con descenso significativo de interleucina-6 (p = 0,001), TNF-alfa (p = 0,005) y TGF-β (p = 0,001) y aumento de BMP-7 (p = 0,001), fetuína-A (p = 0,001) e interleucina-10 (p = 0,001). El filtrado glomerular y la proteinuria se mantuvieron estables. CONCLUSIONES: El tratamiento con paricalcitol en el paciente renal sin diálisis parece ser beneficioso en la regulación de los parámetros inflamatorios y anticalcificantes, preservando la función renal y el eje óseo-mineral. Los marcadores elegidos en nuestro estudio podrían indicarnos un efecto positivo de paricalcitol a nivel vascular


BACKWARD: Cardiovascular events are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Inflammation and mineral-bone disorder are pathological conditions that have been associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. OBJECTIVE: Show paricalcitol regulation overinflammatory, fibrotic and mineral disorder parameters in CKD. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective Study in 46 CKD stages III-V patients without dialysis patients whith elevated parathormone in which we introduced paricalcitol. We evaluated classic and newest mineral and bone metabolism serum parameters (calcium, phosphorus, parathormone, fibroblast growth factor-23 [FGF-23], Klotho, calcidiol), inflammatory-fibrosis and anticalcifying parameters (interleukin-6 and 10, tumor necrosis factor-a [TNF- alfa], transforming growth factor-b [TGF-β],bone morphogenic protein-7 [BMP-7] and fetuin-A) for four months. RESULTS: At the end of study soluble Klotho increased (p = .001), FGF-23 remained stable, calcium and phosphorus levels were not increased, calcidiol increased (p = .010) and PTH decreased (p = .002). Inflammation-fibrosis and calcification parameters showed positive regulation after paricalcitol treatment: interleukin-6 decreased significantly (p = .001) and also TNF-alfa did (p = .005), on the contrary, interleukin-10 and fetuin-A increased (p = .001 for both). Anti-fibrosis marker BMP-7 increased (p = .001) and TGF-b decreased (p = .001). We did not find significant changes in renal function. CONCLUSIONS: Paricalcitol treatment might be profitable in regulating inflammatory and anticalcificant parameters, unmodified calcium or phosphorus seric levels and preserving kidney function in renal patients with no dialysis. Our selected parameters could indicate paricalcitol effects in mineral and endothelial disorder related to renal disease


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Conservadores da Densidade Óssea/uso terapêutico , Ergocalciferóis/uso terapêutico , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Proteína Morfogenética Óssea 7/sangue , Calcifediol/sangue , Cálcio/sangue , Fatores de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/sangue , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Glucuronidase/sangue , Interleucina-10/sangue , Interleucina-6/sangue , Hormônio Paratireóideo/sangue , Fósforo/sangue , Estudos Prospectivos , Proteinúria/metabolismo , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/complicações , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/terapia , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/sangue , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/sangue , Calcificação Vascular/etiologia , Calcificação Vascular/prevenção & controle , alfa-2-Glicoproteína-HS/análise
5.
Cir. Esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 97(9): 517-522, nov. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-187628

RESUMO

Introducción: Las técnicas de radioterapia asociadas a la cirugía conservadora del cáncer de mama precoz han evolucionado gracias a un mayor conocimiento de la radiobiología tumoral, destacando entre ellas la radioterapia intraoperatoria (RIO). Sin embargo, se han documentado complicaciones con dicha técnica, principalmente la fibrosis. El factor de crecimiento transformante beta (TGF-β) es una citocina relacionada con la fibrosis inducida después de la radiación que podría servir como marcador temprano del riesgo de desarrollo de la misma. Métodos: Estudio prospectivo multicéntrico de 60 pacientes a las que se les ha sometido a cirugía conservadora por cáncer de mama, asociada a RIO en 30 de ellas. Se evalúan los valores de TGF-β en muestras de suero preoperatorio y a las 24 h desde la cirugía, y de muestras de drenaje a las 6 y 24 h desde la cirugía. Resultados: Los valores de TGF-β objetivados en el suero y en el débito de drenaje a las 24 h desde la cirugía de las pacientes que recibieron RIO fueron significativamente mayores que los de aquellas que no la recibieron (p < 0,0001). De entre ellas, 8 pacientes presentaron valores superiores a 1.000 pg/ml. Estas diferencias entre los grupos no se modifican por el tipo de muestra utilizada, bien sea suero, bien débito de drenaje (p = 0,5881). Conclusiones: Aunque deben realizarse más estudios, valores elevados de TGF-β en las pacientes con cáncer de mama a las que se les realiza cirugía conservadora asociada a RIO pueden predecir el riesgo de fibrosis


Introduction: Radiotherapy techniques associated with breast-conserving surgery have evolved in early breast cancer thanks to a better knowledge of tumor radiobiology, highlighting intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT). However, complications have been documented with this procedure, mainly fibrosis. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a cytokine with an active role in radiation-induced fibrosis, which could be used as an early biomarker for the development of fibrosis. Methods: Multicentric prospective analysis of 60 patients with breast cancer who underwent breast-conserving surgery, 30 of whom had received additional IORT. TGF-β values were evaluated in serum pre-surgery and in serum collected 24 h after surgery. In addition, we evaluated surgical wound fluids collected 6 h and 24 h following surgery. Results: Serum and surgical wound fluids TGF-β values collected over 24 h following surgery were significantly higher in patients who received additional IORT (P < .0001). Notably, 8 of these patients showed values above 1,000 pg/ml. There were no differences between the samples (serum or surgical wound fluids) (P = .5881). Conclusions: Although further investigation is needed, higher TGF-β values in IORT during breast-conserving surgery can be used as an early biomarker for the development of fibrosis


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia , Mastectomia Segmentar/métodos , Radioterapia/efeitos adversos , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/sangue , Anormalidades Induzidas por Radiação/patologia , Mama/patologia , Fibrose/epidemiologia , Cuidados Intraoperatórios/métodos , Estudos Prospectivos
6.
Rev. esp. patol. torac ; 30(2): 130-135, jun. 2018. ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-180249

RESUMO

En el tejido pulmonar de modelos murinos, la angiotensina II induce la proliferación de fibroblastos, su diferenciación a miofibroblastos y la producción de procolágeno tras su unión al receptor I de la angiotensina. Hemos estudiado el comportamiento de fibroblastos pulmonares humanos procedentes de una línea celular comercial tras la estimulación con TGF-β1. Hemos observado que estos fibroblastos, cuando son estimulados, aumentan la expresión de bFGF, colágeno y α-SMA. Tras el bloqueo del receptor de Angiotensina II con Losartan a una concentración de 10 µM y la estimulación con TGF- β1, se produce una disminución, tanto de los niveles de bFGF como de la concentración de colágeno, sin que llegue a alcanzar la significación estadística con respecto a las células no tratadas. En cuanto a la expresión de α-SMA como marcador de transformación a miofibroblastos, no había diferencias entre las células tratadas con TGF-β1 y TGF-β1 más losartán


In murine model lung tissue, angiotensin II induces the proliferation of fibroblasts, their distinction from myofibroblasts and procollagen production after its binding with the type 1 receptor. We have studied the behavior of human lung fibroblasts from a commercial cell line after stimulation with TGF-β1. We observed that those fibroblasts, when stimulated, increased bFGF, collagen and α-SMA expression. After blocking the angiotensin II receptor with losartan at a concentration of 10 µM and stimulation with TGF- β1, there was a decrease in both bFGF levels and collagen concentration, without reaching statistical significance with regard to untreated cells. With regard to α-SMA expression as an indicator of transformation to myofibroblasts, there were no differences between cells treated with TGF-β1 and TGF-β1 with losartan


Assuntos
Humanos , Fibroblastos/citologia , Fibrose Pulmonar Idiopática/fisiopatologia , Angiotensina II , Modelos Animais , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta
7.
Nefrología (Madr.) ; 36(6): 653-659, nov.-dic. 2016. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-158755

RESUMO

Objetivo: Evaluar la insuficiencia renal en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 con normoalbuminuria o microalbuminuria mediante la detección de la concentración de cistatina C en suero y de TGF-β en suero y orina. Métodos: Estudio transversal realizado en el Departamento de Endocrinología de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Baskent. En el estudio, se incluyó a pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 sin nefropatía diabética manifiesta conocida. Los pacientes seleccionados se estratificaron en 4 grupos, agrupados en términos de edad, sexo, grado de microalbuminuria y filtración glomerular estimada (FGe) calculada mediante la fórmula MDRD. Resultados: Se incluyó a 78 pacientes. Se clasificaron en 4 grupos dependiendo de la excreción urinaria de albúmina y de la FGe. Se observó que la complicación macrovascular era mayor en los pacientes con microalbuminuria que en otros (p<0,01), pero no hubo diferencias con relación a otras complicaciones diabéticas. La concentración sérica de cistatina C fue significativamente mayor en los pacientes del grupo 1 con normoalbuminuria, mientras que las concentraciones de TGF-β1 en suero y orina fueron mayores en los pacientes del grupo 2 con microalbuminuria. Se observó una correlación negativa entre la concentración sérica de cistatina C y la FGe en los pacientes del grupo 2 (r=−0,892, p<0,001). Por último, se observó una correlación negativa entre la FGe y la cistatina C en todos los grupos de pacientes (r=−0,726, p=0,001). Conclusiones: Aunque se recomienda la excreción urinaria de albúmina para la detección de la nefropatía diabética tipo 2, hay un grupo de pacientes con disminución de la FGe, pero sin aumento de la excreción urinaria de albúmina, en los que estaba indicado usar la concentración de cistatina C en suero como un biomarcador temprano de nefropatía diabética (AU)


Objective: To evaluate renal impairment in type 2 diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria or microalbuminuria by detection of serum cystatin C and serum and urinary TGF-β levels. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Endocrinology in Baskent University School of Medicine. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without known overt diabetic nephropathy were included in the study. Recruited patients were stratified into four groups, matched in terms of age, gender, microalbuminuria level and estimated GFR calculated with MDRD. Results: 78 patients were enrolled. They were categorized into four groups depending on their urinary albumin excretion and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Macrovascular complication was found to be higher in patients with microalbuminuria than in other patients (p<0.01), but there were no differences in terms of other diabetic complications. Serum cystatin C level was significantly higher in normoalbuminuric group one patients, while serum and urinary TGF-β1 levels were higher in microalbuminuric group two patients. The serum level of cystatin C was found to negatively correlate with eGFR in group two patients (r=−0.892, p<0.001). Finally, there was a negative correlation between eGFR and cystatin C in all the patient groups (r=−0.726, p=0.001). Conclusions: Although urinary albumin excretion is recommended for the detection of type two diabetic nephropathy, there is a group of patients with decreased eGFR but without increased urinary albumin excretion, in which serum cystatin C level was indicated to be used as an early biomarker of diabetic nephropathy (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Nefropatias Diabéticas/fisiopatologia , Cistatina C/análise , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/análise , Biomarcadores/análise , Albuminúria/diagnóstico , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular
8.
Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.) ; 52(10): 505-511, oct. 2016. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-156370

RESUMO

Introducción: El microARN (miR) se ha relacionado con la génesis tumoral en muchos tipos de cáncer, pero ningún estudio ha examinado el rol exacto del miR-133 en el cáncer de pulmón. Métodos: Identificamos el miR-133 como posible regulador de la expresión de la FOXQ1 e investigamos la posible implicación del miR-133 en la migración y la invasión de células de cáncer de pulmón, y el mecanismo molecular subyacente. Resultados: El miR-133 se dirigió directamente y redujo la expresión de la FOXQ1, que a su vez redujo la concentración de TGF-β. El miR-133 disminuyó en líneas celulares de cáncer de pulmón A549 y HCC827, y su reexpresión inhibió significativamente la migración y la invasión de células de cáncer de pulmón. Investigaciones subsiguientes revelaron que dicha inhibición estaba provocada por una inversión de la transición epitelio-mesenquimatosa, constatada por una elevación del marcador epitelial E-cadherina inducida por el miR-133 y una reducción del marcador vimentina. Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio es el primero que ha identificado el miR-133 como biomarcador del cáncer de pulmón. Su función es reducir la FOXQ1 e inhibir la transición epitelio-mesenquimatosa, la cual antagoniza la génesis tumoral en el cáncer de pulmón. Por consiguiente, nuestros datos respaldan el papel del miR-133 como posible instrumento terapéutico molecular en el tratamiento del cáncer de pulmón


Introduction: MicroRNA (miR) was implicated in the tumorigenesis of many types of cancer, but no study was conducted on the exact role of miR-133 in lung cancer. Methods: We have identified miR-133 as a putative regulator of FOXQ1 expression, and investigated the potential involvement of miR-133 in the migration and invasion of lung cancer cells, as well as the underlying molecular mechanism. Results: MiR-133 directly targeted and down-regulated FOXQ1 expression, which in turn reduced TGF-β level. MiR-133 was down-regulated in lung cancer cell lines A549 and HCC827, and its re-expression significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of the lung cancer cells. Further investigation revealed that this inhibition was caused by reversing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, evidenced by miR-133 induced elevation of epithelial marker E-cadherin, and reduction of mesenchymal marker Vimentin. Conclusions: Our study is the first to identify miR-133 as a biomarker for lung cancer. It functions to down-regulate FOXQ1, and inhibit epithelial mesenchymal transition, which antagonizes lung cancer tumorigenesis. Therefore our data support the role of miR-133 as a potential molecular therapeutic tool in treating lung cancer


Assuntos
Humanos , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal/fisiologia , Fatores de Transcrição Forkhead/biossíntese , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , MicroRNAs/fisiologia , Proteínas de Neoplasias/biossíntese , RNA Neoplásico/fisiologia , Caderinas , Regiões 3' não Traduzidas , Adesão Celular , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Invasividade Neoplásica , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta , Vimentina
10.
Av. odontoestomatol ; 32(5): 251-258, sept.-oct. 2016. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-156981

RESUMO

Las fisuras labio palatinas se generan por la falta de fusión de los tejidos del labio o del paladar durante las primeras etapas del desarrollo fetal, estas se encuentran entre los defectos congénitos más comunes causados por el desarrollo facial anormal durante la gestación; su etiología no se encuentra totalmente aclarada, sin embargo se intenta explicar por medio del modelo de umbral multifactorial, planteándose que es producto de la interacción de factores endógenos y exógenos, entre los endógenos se han reportado alteraciones en la señalización del TGF-ß, el cual está involucrado en el desarrollo embrionario, diferenciación celular y en la regulación del desarrollo del paladar. En esta revisión se muestran los recientes avances sobre las implicaciones moleculares de la vía de señalización TGF-ß en el desarrollo de las fisuras labio palatinas (AU)


Cleft lip and palate are generated by the lack of fusion of the tissues of the lip or palate during early fetal development, these are among the most common birth defects caused by abnormal facial development during gestation. The etiology of these cracks is not fully elucidated, however attempts to explain by means of multifactorial threshold model, considering that is the product of the interaction of endogenous and exogenous factors, endogenous alterations have been reported in TGF-ß signaling, which is involved in embryonic development, cell differentiation and in the regulation of development of the palate. In this review, the recent advances implications of the molecular signaling pathway TGF-ß in the development of cleft lip and palate shown (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/genética , Fissura Palatina/genética , Fenda Labial/genética , Palato Mole/embriologia , Fissura Palatina/embriologia , Transdução de Sinais/genética , Proteína Smad2/genética , Proteína Smad3/genética
11.
J. physiol. biochem ; 72(3): 393-404, sept. 2016. tab, graf, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-168283

RESUMO

Arteriogenesis is a main defense mechanism to prevent heart and local tissues dysfunction in occlusive artery disease. TGF-β and angiostatin have a pivotal role in arteriogenesis. We tested the hypothesis that aerobic training and l-arginine supplementation promotes cardiac and skeletal muscles arteriogenesis after myocardial infarction (MI) parallel to upregulation of TGF-β and downregulation of angiostatin. For this purpose, 4 weeks after LAD occlusion, 50 male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into five groups: (1) sham surgery without MI (sham, n = 10), (2) control-MI (Con-MI, n = 10), (3) l-arginine-MI (La-MI, n = 10), (4) exercise training-MI (Ex-MI, n = 10), and (5) exercise and l-arginine-MI (Ex + La-MI). Exercise training groups running on a treadmill for 10 weeks with moderate intensity. Rats in the l-arginine-treated groups drank water containing 4 % l-arginine. Arteriolar density with different diameters (11-25, 26-50, 51-75, and 76-150 μm), TGF-β, and angiostatin gene expression were measured in cardiac (area at risk) and skeletal (soleus and gastrocnemius) muscles. Smaller arterioles decreased in cardiac after MI. Aerobic training and l-arginine increased the number of cardiac arterioles with 11-25 and 26-50 μm diameters parallel to TGF-β overexpression. In gastrocnemius muscle, the number of arterioles/mm2 was only increased in the 11 to 25 μm in response to training with and without l-arginine parallel to angiostatin downregulation. Soleus arteriolar density with different size was not different between experimental groups. Results showed that 10 weeks aerobic exercise training and l-arginine supplementation promotes arteriogenesis of heart and gastrocnemius muscles parallel to overexpression of TGF-β and downregulation of angiostatin in MI rats (AU)


No disponible


Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Arginina/uso terapêutico , Músculo Esquelético/irrigação sanguínea , Infarto do Miocárdio , Suplementos Nutricionais , Neovascularização Fisiológica , Vasos Coronários/fisiopatologia , Condicionamento Físico Animal , Atividade Motora , Ratos Wistar , Membro Posterior , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta , Coração , Miocárdio/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica
12.
Clin. transl. oncol. (Print) ; 16(11): 986-992, nov. 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-128640

RESUMO

PURPOSE: TGF-beta can induce G1 arrest via many mechanisms including up-regulating p21, p27, and Rb. However, as the member of Rb family, whether RBL2 is induced by TGF-beta treatment remains exclusive. METHODS: The expression of RBL2 and miR-93 after TGF-beta treatment was determined by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot. The growth of renal cancer cells was determined by CCK-8 assays and cell cycle was determined by PI staining. The binding of miR-93 on RBL2 3'-UTR was determined by double luciferase system. RESULTS: In renal cancer cells, TGF-beta treatment induced expression of RBL2 in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, and RBL2 mediated TGF-beta induced growth inhibition and cell cycle arrest in renal cancer cells. Furthermore, we found that miR-93 directly targeted RBL2 by binding to its 3'-UTR in renal cancer cells. Over-expression of miR-93 significantly reduced the expression of RBL2, whereas knock down of miR-93 up-regulated the expression of RBL2. More importantly, TGF-beta treatment inhibited miR-93 expression, which resulted in up-regulation of RBL2 after TGF-beta treatment. CONCLUSION: TGF-beta induced RBL2 expression through down-regulating miR-93 in renal cancer cells. The newly identified TGF-beta/miR-93/RBL2 signal pathway reveals a new mechanism of TGF-beta induced growth arrest in renal cancer (AU)


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Neoplasias Renais/terapia , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/antagonistas & inibidores , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/uso terapêutico , Proteína p130 Retinoblastoma-Like
13.
Reumatol. clín. (Barc.) ; 10(3): 174-179, mayo-jun. 2014. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-122464

RESUMO

El factor de crecimiento transformador-beta (TGF) es una citocina implicada en procesos celulares como hematopoyesis, proliferación, angiogénesis, diferenciación, migración y apoptosis celular. Aunque su papel en la artritis reumatoide no está bien definido, está considerada como una citocina inmunomoduladora según las condiciones del entorno. Numerosos trabajos han tratado de definir el papel del TGF en el desarrollo de la artritis murina en diferentes modelos de enfermedad, con resultados discordantes. De hecho, resultados recientemente publicados indican que TGF no desempeña un papel relevante en el modelo murino de artritis inducida con colágeno. Su implicación en la diferencación y la funcionalidad de las diferentes poblaciones de células T también ha mostrado resultados dispares sobre su papel como inhibidor o promotor de la respuesta inflamatoria. En este trabajo se presenta una revisión sobre el papel de TGF en modelos animales de artritis (AU)


Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF) is a cytokine with pleiotropic functions in hematopoiesis, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis. Although its role in rheumatoid arthritis is not well defined, TGF activation leads to functional immunomodulatory effects according to environmental conditions. The function of TGF in the development of arthritis in murine models has been extensively studied with controversial results. Recent findings point to a non-relevant role for TGF in a mice model of collagen-induced arthritis. The study of TGF on T-cell responses has shown controversial results as an inhibitor or promoter of the inflammatory response. This paper presents a review of the role of TGF in animal models of arthritis (AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/fisiologia , Artrite Reumatoide/fisiopatologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Artrite Experimental/fisiopatologia , Linfócitos T/fisiologia , Inflamação/fisiopatologia , Mediadores da Inflamação/análise
14.
Allergol. immunopatol ; 42(3): 198-205, mayo-jun. 2014. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-122678

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Pollen food syndrome is one of the main causes of food allergies in adults. However, the intrinsic immunological mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS: Forty pollinosis sufferers [23 with a food allergy (PSFA) and 17 without a food allergy (PS)] and 17 non-atopic healthy controls were included in this study. The PSFA group was subdivided into an oral allergy syndrome group, a systemic reaction group, and an anaphylactic reaction group according to their symptoms after eating the suspected foods. Serum IL-10 and TGF-β levels of all participants were determined by ELISA. Clinical characteristics of the patients were also evaluated. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in age, sex, pollen-associated symptoms, duration of respiratory disease, and positive parental history of atopy between the PSFA and PS groups. Compared to healthy controls, serum IL-10 levels of both the PSFA group and PS group were significantly lower (p ≤ 0.01), but TGF β levels were significantly higher in the PSFA group (35.3 ± 5.6 ng/ml vs. 31.2 ± 6.6 ng/ml, respectively; p = 0.037). Within the PSFA group, IL-10 levels in the anaphylactic reaction subgroup were significantly lower compared to oral allergy syndrome subgroup (1.87 ± 0.47 pg/ml vs. 1.40 ± 0.30 pg/ml, respectively; p = 0.027). More severe food allergy symptoms were associated with lower serum IL-10 levels. In contrast, the highest serum levels of TGF-β were found in patients from the anaphylactic reaction subgroup. CONCLUSIONS: With the exception of a defect in regulatory cells represented by the reduction of IL-10, other potential immunological mechanisms (e.g., Th17 or IL-23 together with TGF-β) may be involved in the development of pollen food syndrome


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Interleucina-10/análise , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/análise , Hipersensibilidade Alimentar/epidemiologia , Distribuição por Idade e Sexo , Rinite Alérgica Sazonal/epidemiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles
15.
Neurocir. - Soc. Luso-Esp. Neurocir ; 24(1): 22-32, ene.-feb. 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-111362

RESUMO

Objetivo Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo investigar los efectos del AR-A014418, un potente inhibidor específico de la GSQ-3beta, en la apoptosis y neuroprotección neuronales en el modelo de lesión medular traumática. Materiales y métodos Se generaron tres grupos a partir de 36 ratas Wistar: (1) control, (2) grupo de traumatismo medular obtenido mediante técnica de pinzamiento post-laminectomía, y (3) grupo de tratamiento mediante AR-A014418 (4mg/kg, i.v., DMSO) post-laminectomía y traumatismo medular. Se aplicaron el test TUNEL para la detección de la apoptosis, tinción inmunohistoquímica para bax y TGF-beta en los tejidos medulares. Se llevo a cabo un examen microscópico y recuento de células necróticas y apoptóticas, así como recuento de LPMN para detectar inflamación. La recuperación funcional fue verificada mediante la prueba de campo del aparato locomotor en los días 3 y 7 después de la cirugía. Resultados Se observo hemorragia difusa, cavitación, necrosis y regiones edematosas, degeneración de las neuronas motoras e infiltración leucocítica en la materia gris en los grupos traumáticos. En los grupos con tratamiento AR-A014418 se observaron células sanas con mayor (..) (AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Quinases da Glicogênio Sintase/antagonistas & inibidores , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/tratamento farmacológico , Apoptose , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/uso terapêutico , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/farmacocinética
17.
Nefrología (Madr.) ; 29(5): 382-391, sept.-oct. 2009. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-104442

RESUMO

El factor de crecimiento de tejido conectivo (CTGF) aparece aumentado en diferentes patologías asociadas a fibrosis, incluidas múltiples enfermedades renales. CTGF participa en procesos biológicos, como la regulación del ciclo celular, migración, adhesión y angiogénesis. Su expresión está regulada por diversos factores implicados en el daño renal, entre los que destacan el factor la angiotensina II, el factor de crecimiento transformante-beta, altas concentraciones de glucosa y situaciones de estres celular. CTGF participa en el inicio y progresión del daño renal al ser capaz de inducir una respuesta inflamatoria y promover la fibrosis, señalándole como una posible diana terapéutica en el tratamiento de patologías renales. En este trabajo revisamos las principales acciones de CTGF en la patología renal, los mecanismos intracelulares de actuación y las estrategias terapéuticas para su bloqueo (AU)


Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is increased in several pathologies associated with fibrosis, including multiple renal diseases. CTGF is involved in biological processes such as cell cycle regulation, migration, adhesion and angiogenesis. Its expression is regulated by various factors involved in renal damage, such as Angiotensin II, transforming growth factor-beta, high concentrations of glucose and cellular stress. CTGF is involved in the initiation and progression of renal damage to be able to induce an inflammatory response and promote fibrosis, identified as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of kidney diseases. In this paper we review the main actions of CTGF in renal disease, the intracellular action mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for its blocking (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/fisiologia , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/fisiopatologia , Células do Tecido Conjuntivo/patologia , Fibrose/fisiopatologia , Neovascularização Fisiológica/fisiologia , Ciclo Celular/fisiologia , Inflamação/fisiopatologia
18.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 47(11): 582-587, 1 dic., 2008. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-71703

RESUMO

Introducción. La epilepsia es uno de los mayores trastornos neurológicos, afectando a cerca del 0,5-2% de la población mundial. Se caracteriza por la aparición de crisis espontáneas de forma recurrente. A pesar de los avances en el entendimiento de la epilepsia, las bases celulares exactas por las que ocurre la epilepsia humana no están claras. Desarrollo. Actualmente, el papel de los astrocitos en la modulación de la actividad neuronal y la transmisión sináptica está consolidado,ya que estas células se han convertido en unos actores importantes en el manejo de la información en el sistema nervioso. Estas características pueden hacen pensar en los astrocitos como elementos que poseen un papel importante, cuanto menos, en la epileptogénesis. Numerosos autores relacionan la rotura de la barrera hematoencefálica con la epilepsia, lo que origina laentrada masiva de albúmina al cerebro, donde ésta sería captada por los astrocitos, convirtiéndose en un factor importante en la alteración de su actividad y desencadenando cambios en ellos que conducirían a la epileptogénesis. Conclusión. A la vista de los datos observados para estos dos factores (astrocitos y albúmina), sin duda debería plantearse la realización de estudios para conocer en profundidad su implicación en la epileptogénesis y su posible uso como dianas terapéuticas


Introduction. Epilepsy is one of the major neurological disorders characterized by spontaneous and recurrentseizures. Despite progress in the understanding of epilepsy, the exact network underlying the seizures is unclear. Development. Actually the role of astrocytes in modulation of neuronal activity and the synaptic transmission is clear, making astrocytes asimportant players in processing of information in the central nervous system. These characteristics make us think that astrocytes have an important role in the epileptogenesis. Disruption of blood brain-barrier let the pass of albumin, and it could uptake into astrocytes. Numerous authors suggest that this can contribute to epileptogenesis. Conclusion. In view thedata obtained from these factors (astrocytes and albumin), future studies will undoubted further to know its relation with epileptogenesis in humans and as therapeutics aims


Assuntos
Humanos , Astrócitos/imunologia , Epilepsia/etiologia , Albuminas/imunologia , Epilepsia/imunologia , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/imunologia , Ácido Glutâmico/imunologia , Sinapis/imunologia
19.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 130(3): 81-84, feb. 2008. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-63475

RESUMO

Fundamento y objetivo: Analizar el polimorfismo Fok I del gen del receptor de vitamina D (VDR) y su relación con la susceptibilidad a desarrollar diabetes tipo 1. Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles y se relacionaron los genotipos del VDR con las concentraciones circulantes de 25(OH)-vitamina D y las concentraciones séricas de factor transformador de crecimiento ß1 (TGF-ß1) e interferón gamma (INF-*). Pacientes y método: Se analizaron 151 casos de diabetes tipo 1 y 182 controles sanos no relacionados. Se amplificó el exón 2 del gen VDR mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa. Los genotipos se obtuvieron mediante análisis de fragmentos de restricción. La concentración de 25(OH) vitamina D se determinó por radioinmunoanálisis y las de las citocinas TGF-ß1 e INF-*, por enzimoinmunoanálisis. Resultados: La distribución del polimorfismo Fok I no mostró diferencias entre casos y controles. El grupo de niños diabéticos mostró valores más altos de TGF-ß1 (mediana, 282,6 pg/ml; intervalos, 131,8-3.031,4) que los niños controles (mediana, 232,2 pg/ml; intervalos, 135,7-506,5) (p < 0,0038). También se observaron valores aumentados de INF-* (mediana, 121,1 pg/ml; intervalos, 5,3-228,8) en los casos comparados con los controles (mediana, 89,6 pg/ ml; intervalos, 10,9-117,2) (p < 0,0004). Los pacientes diabéticos portadores del genotipo ff mostraron concentraciones de 25(OH) vitamina D menores que los portadores del alelo F: media (desviación estándar) de 23,1 (5,9) frente a 27,9 (10,3) ng/ml (p < 0,03). De forma similar, los diabéticos portadores del genotipo ff mostraron valores aumentados de TGF-ß1 al compararlos con los genotipos portadores del alelo F (298,5 frente a 276,6 pg/ml; p < 0,05). Conclusiones: El polimorfismo Fok I del VDR podría tener un papel marginal en la alteración inmunológica que se desarrolla en la diabetes tipo 1 a través de una posible modulación de la vitamina D


Background and objective: In order to assess whether Fok I vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) polymorphism is involved in the genetic susceptibility of type 1 diabetes, a case-control study was conducted and VDR genotypes were related to serum concentrations of 25(OH) vitamin D and cytokines transforming growth factor ß1 (TGF-ß1) and interferon gamma (INF-*). Patients and method: 151 incident cases of type 1 diabetes and 182 non related healthy controls from Santiago were studied for VDR polymorphisms in peripheral blood DNA. Exon 2 (Fok I) segments were amplified by polimerase chain reaction and analyzed by means of restriction fragment length polymorphism to determine each corresponding genotype. Differences for allele, genotype and serological markers as 25(OH) vitamin D, TGF-ß1 and INF-* levels distribution between patients and controls were analyzed. Results: Fok I polymorphism distribution analysis showed no differences between patients and controls. Among diabetics, higher levels of TGF-ß1 (median, 282.6 pg/ml; range, 131.8-3,031.4) were observed compared with healthy children (median, 232.2 pg/ml; range, 135.7-506.5) (p < 0.0038). Similar results were observed for INF-* concentrations (median, 121.1 pg/ml, and range, 5.3-228.8, in cases, and median, 89.6 pg/ml, and range, 10.9-117.2 in controls) (p < 0.0004). The diabetic carriers of the ff genotype showed low levels of 25(OH) vitamin D compared with the carriers of the F allele: mean (standard deviation), 23.1 (5.9) versus 27.9 (10.3) ng/ml (p < 0.03). A similar result was observed for TGF-ß1 concentrations in diabetic carriers of ff genotype and patients carriers of the F allele (298.5 versus 276.6; p < 0.05). Conclusions: Fok I polymorphism of VDR could have a marginal role in the immunologic disturbance in type 1 diabetes


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/imunologia , Receptores de Calcitriol/análise , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/análise , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Polimorfismo Genético , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Interferon gama/análise , Vitamina D/imunologia
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