Prophylactic application of vaginal lactic acid bacteria against urogenital pathogens and its prospective use in sanitary suppositories / Aplicación profiláctica de bacterias ácido lácticas vaginales contra patógenos urogenitales y su uso prospectivo en supositorios sanitarios

Beneficial and pathogenic microbes coexist in the vaginal canal, where a diminishing population of lactic acid bacteria may cause recurring urogenital infections. Probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus vaginalis, and pathogenic microbes Enterococcus faecalis, Enterobacter cloacae, Shigella sp., Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Escherichia fergusonii were isolated from vaginal swabs. Lactobacillus sp. and their probiotic culture free supernatant (PCFS) inhibited the growth of the above-mentioned urogenital pathogens. L. crispatus produced both lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide, exhibiting the best antimicrobial potential against the studied pathogens. Lyophilized L. crispatus had a shelf life of 12 months and the lyophilized PCFS also retained its antibacterial property with a minimum inhibition concentration of 1 μg/μL. Carboxy-methyl cellulose-alginate, a green alternative to super-absorbent polymers, was encapsulated with L. crispatus cells. The probiotic in its encapsulated state retained its viability for 21 days, and the bead showed 30% solvent absorptive capacity. PCFS-laced non-woven fabric displayed antibacterial property with no change in its physicochemical properties. These probiotic and postbiotic formulations have excellent prophylactic potential for urogenital infections. Such formulations can be exploited as additives in sanitary suppositories to enhance vaginal health.(AU)

Therapeutic requirements in active ulcerative proctitis: A single-centre study / Requerimientos terapéuticos en el tratamiento de los brotes de la proctitis ulcerosa. Estudio unicéntrico

Background: Ulcerative proctitis (UP) presents distinctive clinical characteristics, outcomes and therapeutic approaches as compared to left-sided and extensive ulcerative colitis (UC). Aim: To describe the current therapeutic requirements and clinical outcomes in patients with active UP. Methods: Retrospective observational study conducted in a referral IBD centre. Patients with UP in follow-up between 1989 and 2014 were included. The clinical characteristics, as well as the different treatments and drug formulations administered to treat flares, were recorded. Results: Out of 687 UC patients, 101 patients (15%) with UP were included. Median follow-up was 8 years (IQR 3-14) and 49% of patients presented disease activity during the study period. Topical mesalazine monotherapy (90%) was the most commonly administered treatment for disease activity (mostly as suppositories), followed by topical steroids (47%) and oral mesalazine (56%) in monotherapy or combination therapy. Only 14% and 16% of patients required oral prednisone and beclomethasone, respectively. Conclusions: In clinical practice, active UP presents mostly favourable outcomes. Mesalazine suppositories are by far the most used treatment for these patients (AU)

Antecedentes: La proctitis ulcerosa (PU) presenta unas características clínicas, evolutivas y terapéuticas distintas con respecto a la colitis ulcerosa izquierda o extensa. Objetivo: Describir los requerimientos terapéuticos y la evolución clínica en pacientes con PU activa. Métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo realizado en un centro de referencia en EII, en el que se incluyeron pacientes en seguimiento entre 1989 y 2014 con PU. Se registraron las características clínicas, así como los diferentes tratamientos y galénicas utilizados para tratar el brote de actividad. Resultados: De un total de 687 pacientes con colitis ulcerosa se incluyeron 101 (15%) con PU. La mediana de seguimiento fue de 8 años (RIC 3-14). El 49% de los pacientes presentó actividad de la enfermedad durante el período a estudio. La monoterapia con mesalazina tópica (90%) fue el tratamiento más utilizado para la actividad de la enfermedad (predominantemente en forma de supositorios), seguida de los esteroides tópicos (47%) y la mesalazina oral (56%) en monoterapia o en terapia combinada. Solo el 14 y el 16% de los pacientes requirieron prednisona oral y beclometasona, respectivamente. Conclusiones: En la práctica clínica, los supositorios de mesalazina son el tratamiento más utilizado en pacientes con PU activa, presentando la mayoría de ellos una evolución clínica favorable (AU)

Enema de tacrolimus para el tratamiento de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal / Tacrolimus enema for the treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

No disponible

Úlcera rectal penetrada a espacio presacro / No disponible

No disponible