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1.
Pharm. pract. (Granada, Internet) ; 17(4): 0-0, oct.-dic. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-191958

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections are considered as one of the most frequent bacterial infections in the community and hospital settings. In this era of increasing antimicrobial resistance, antimicrobial stewardship has become highly important in the struggle to preserve the effectiveness of available drugs. One the main causes of antibiotic resistance is the inappropriate prescribing of antibiotics; which evidence show that community pharmacists contribute to. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate antibiotic prescribing rate and responses of the contact persons in community pharmacies and to assess the conformity of the prescribed antibiotics with international guidelines. It also aims to evaluate the responses with sociodemographic characteristics. METHODS: A cross-sectional, nationwide study conducted between February and May 2017 using a simulated patient case of acute uncomplicated cystitis. Two hundred fifty pharmacies were included. Descriptive data was reported for the medications prescribed, conformity, questions asked and counseling. Bivariate analysis using the Pearson chi-squared, Fisher's exact and Student's t-tests were used to identify possible factors affecting the prescribing rates and responses in community pharmacies. RESULTS: The prescribing rate of antibiotics was 83.6% (n=209) with ciprofloxacin being the most prescribed (50.2%, n=105). The global conformity to international guidelines was 3.8% (n=8) with the highest conformity rate for the antibiotic choice (91.4%, n=191). Counseling about what to do in case symptoms persist was 12.8% (n=32) and that of non-pharmacological management was 53.6% (n=134). Male participants (88.1%) had a higher prescribing rate than female participants (77.6%) (p < 0.05). The number of questions asked was higher in pharmacists and in female participants (p < 0.05). Other results showed non-significant differences in diagnosis, antibiotic prescribing, conformity rates, referral rates and counseling points between the pharmacists and assistants. CONCLUSIONS: The high antibiotic prescribing rate in Lebanese community pharmacies is alarming and calls for action. This should be tackled by legislative bodies, which should enforce laws that restrict such practices


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Cistite/tratamento farmacológico , Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , Serviços Comunitários de Farmácia/organização & administração , Uso Excessivo de Medicamentos Prescritos/estatística & dados numéricos , Infecções Urinárias/tratamento farmacológico , Líbano/epidemiologia , Prescrições de Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Simulação de Paciente , Estudos Transversais , Prescrição Inadequada/estatística & dados numéricos , Doença Aguda/terapia
2.
Rev. esp. enferm. dig ; 110(12): 755-761, dic. 2018. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-177924

RESUMO

Background: the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) has increased substantially during the last years, possibly due to a significant proportion of prescriptions that do not follow the approved indications. Objective: to assess the prevalence of PPI prescription and the appropriateness of the prescription within the Emergency Department (ED) of a Spanish university hospital. Materials and methods: a cross-sectional, retrospective prescription-indication drug-use study was performed, which selected 384 patients that presented to the ED over two days in January 2016. Results: of the total cohort, 23.2% were taking PPI before their hospital visit and only 20.2% had a correct indication and dosage; 2.9% of the patient cohort had an indication for PPI treatment but had not been prescribed them. A drug other than omeprazole was used in 25% of cases; 30.47% of the patients were discharged with a PPI and only 28.2% of them had the correct indication and dosage. Finally, 5.7% were not prescribed PPI even though it was warranted. PPI prescription increased with age whereas the indication for the prescription decreased. Furthermore, the use of these drugs was higher in hospitalized patients compared to discharged patients. Conclusions: these results are in line with similar studies, which demonstrate the existence of an over-prescription of PPI. PPI prescription needs to be improved, thereby reducing drug interactions, adverse effects and unnecessary economical expenses


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Inibidores da Bomba de Prótons/uso terapêutico , Uso Excessivo de Medicamentos Prescritos/estatística & dados numéricos , Tratamento de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Prescrições de Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Antiulcerosos/uso terapêutico
3.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 89(4): 197-204, oct. 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-177099

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Valorar si existe relación entre la prescripción de antibióticos y la realización de pruebas complementarias con la hiperfrecuentación y la fidelización de los pacientes. MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo que se realizó a través de una red de pediatras centinela de Atención Primaria (PAPenRed). Cada pediatra revisó las visitas espontáneas (en Atención Primaria y en centros de urgencias) durante 12 meses de 15 pacientes escogidos aleatoriamente de su cupo. También se recogió la prescripción de antibióticos y las pruebas complementarias realizadas a estos pacientes. RESULTADOS: Participaron 212 pediatras que revisaron a 2.726 pacientes. Un 8,3% fueron hiperfrecuentadores moderados (número de consultas entre +1 y +2 desviaciones estándar) y 5,2% hiperfrecuentadores extremos (número de consultas > 2 desviaciones estándar). Un 49,6% fueron pacientes de alta fidelización (más del 75% de visitas con su pediatra). La razón de tasas de prescripción de antibióticos para hiperfrecuentadores moderados fue 2,13 (1,74-2,62) y la de hiperfrecuentadores extremos 3,25 (2,55-4,13) respecto a no hiperfrecuentadores. Las razones de tasas de realización de pruebas complementarias fueron 2,25 (1,86-2,73) y 3,48 (2,78-4,35), respectivamente. Las razones de tasas de prescripción de antibióticos fueron 1,34 (1,16-1,55) en pacientes de fidelización media-alta, 1,45 (1,15-1,83) para fidelización media-baja y 1,08 (0,81-1,44) para los de baja fidelización respecto a los de alta fidelización. Para la realización de pruebas complementarias las razones de tasas fueron 1,46 (1,27-1,67); 1,60 (1,28-2,00) y 0,84 (0,63-1,12), respectivamente. CONCLUSIONES: La prescripción de antibióticos y la realización de pruebas complementarias se relacionaron significativamente con la hiperfrecuentación. También se relacionaron con la fidelización, pero de manera menos importante


OBJECTIVE: To assess whether there is a relationship between the prescription of antibiotics and the performance of complementary tests with frequency of use and loyalty in Primary Care. METHODS: Analytical descriptive study performed through a network of Primary Care sentinel paediatricians (PAPenRed). Each paediatrician reviewed the spontaneous visits (in Primary Care and in Emergency Departments) of 15 patients for 12 months, randomly chosen from their quota. The prescription of antibiotics and the complementary tests performed on these patients were also collected. RESULTS: A total of 212 paediatricians took part and reviewed 2,726 patients. It was found that 8.3% were moderate over-users (mean + 1-2 standard deviations) and 5.2% extreme over-users (mean + 2 standard deviations). Almost half (49.6%) were high-loyalty patients (more than 75% of visits with their doctor). The incidence ratio of antibiotic prescriptions for moderate over-users was 2.13 (1.74-2.62) and 3.25 (2.55-4.13) for extreme over-users, compared to non-over-user children. The incidence ratio for the diagnostic tests were 2.25 (1.86-2.73) and 3.48 (2.78-4.35), respectively. The incidence ratios for antibiotic prescription were 1.34 (1.16-1.55) in patients with medium-high loyalty, 1.45 (1.15-1.83) for medium-low loyalty, and 1.08 (0.81-1.44) for those with low loyalty, compared to patients with high loyalty. The incidence ratios to perform diagnostic tests were 1.46 (1.27-1.67); 1.60 (1.28 - 2.00), and 0.84 (0.63-1.12), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Antibiotics prescription and complementary tests were significantly related to medical overuse. They were also related to loyalty, but less significantly


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Testes Diagnósticos de Rotina/estatística & dados numéricos , Prescrições de Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Atenção Primária à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Técnicas e Procedimentos Diagnósticos , Uso Excessivo de Medicamentos Prescritos , Estudo Observacional
6.
Rev. esp. investig. quir ; 21(1): 33-36, 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-173362

RESUMO

El uso excesivo de antibióticos tiene efectos de gran importancia en la salud general de los pacientes, así como las posibles conexiones con la diabetes, la obesidad y cuadros infecciosos. En este trabajo se plantea la situación actual y lo que debemos hacer con respecto a la antibioterapia de nuestros pacientes


The excessive use of antibiotics has very important effects on the general health of patients, as well as the possible connections with diabetes, obesity and infectious diseases. In this work the real situation and what we should do with regard to the antibiotic therapy of our patients is presented


Assuntos
Humanos , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Uso Excessivo de Medicamentos Prescritos/prevenção & controle , Uso Excessivo de Medicamentos Prescritos/tendências , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos , Overdose de Drogas/complicações , Satisfação do Paciente
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