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1.
Rev. psicol. deport ; 32(4): 69-80, Oct 15, 2023. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-228853

RESUMO

Cultural education, as the key course content to build students' literacy and thought, is at the forefront of ideology. The adverse influence of news media on students' ideas, opinions and consciousness will weaken the discourse power of moral education. This article takes the media era as the breakthrough point, based on the moral education as the core idea, with the rapid development of students 'core literacy as the main line, to students' core literacy as the main body of scientific research, discusses the interaction between moral education and students' core literacy and logical sequence, organize cultural education, core idea, management system, the main content, way, evaluation way. Social morality and physical and mental health are also hot topics in the university education industry. With the deep level of research and discussion in recent years, the rapid development of this research has entered a systematic link. The new ideas and achievements produced by the ideological analysis and systematization of college students' mental health are the quality and prerequisite of higher vocational education. According to this reason and teaching environment, the paper discusses the implementation path and construction preventive measures of college students from the perspective of ideological and Physical courses.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Saúde Mental , Saúde do Estudante , Alfabetização , Pensamento , Estudantes/psicologia
2.
Pharm. pract. (Granada, Internet) ; 21(2): 1-7, abr.-jun. 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-222783

RESUMO

Background: Mental health literacy is necessary for early recognition and intervention of mental disorders. Its multifaceted structure provides useful perspectives for developing a tool to assess mental health literacy. Objective: This study aimed to adapt the Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire (MHLq) designed to observe mental health literacy among university students and to test its construct validity and internal consistency. The impact of a sociodemographic variable on mental health literacy score was also explored. Methods: A number of 650 university students participated in this study. The questionnaire items were adapted using a backward forward translation. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted to examine the construct validity. Internal consistency of the questionnaire was tested using Cronbach’s Alpha. Results: The results showed that the MHLq modified version possessed good validity and reliability (total scale α=0.821) that may be used as a screening tool by mental health professionals and researchers to identify intervention needs among university students. Conclusions: This study also found that individuals who identified knowing someone with a mental health problem performed better on the MHLq global score and three-dimensional factors than those who did not. Future studies are needed to further develop and adapt the questionnaire to reach different target-populations. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Saúde Mental , Alfabetização , Psicometria , Indonésia , Tradução , Inquéritos e Questionários , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Universidades , Estudantes
3.
Rev. psicopatol. salud ment. niño adolesc ; (39): 79-90, Abr. 2022. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-220242

RESUMO

El objetivo del estudio es evaluar la satisfacción de un programa de educación social,emocional y alfabetización (PESEA) en salud mental para adolescentes que viven en centros residenciales deatención educativa (CRAE) de Barcelona, así como describir su salud emocional y mental. Participan 14 jóvenescon una edad media de 13,57 años (DE 1,55) de tres CRAE. El programa PESEA es considerado interesante, útil ypráctico; muestra una adherencia alta y, por tanto, estaría indicado para promover el bienestar mental y la alfa-betización en salud mental en estos jóvenes.(AU)


The study aims to evaluate the satisfaction of a social, emotional, and literacy education programme (PE-SEA) in mental health for adolescents living in residential educational care centres (CRAE) in Barcelona, as wellas to describe their emotional and mental health. Fourteen young people with an average age of 13,57 (SD 1,55)from three CRAE participated. PESEA programmes are considered interesting, useful, and practical; it shows highadherence and would therefore be suitable for promoting mental wellbeing and mental health literacy in theseyoung people.(AU)


L'objectiu de l'estudi és avaluar la satisfacció d'un programa d'educació social, emocional i alfabetitza-ció (PESEA) en salut mental per a adolescents que viuen en centres residencials d'atenció educativa (CRAE) deBarcelona, així com descriure’n la salut emocional i mental. Hi participen 14 joves amb una edat mitjana de 13,57anys (DE 1,55) de tres CRAE. El programa PESEA és considerat interessant, útil i pràctic; mostra una adherènciaalta i, per tant, estaria indicat per promoure el benestar mental i l'alfabetització en salut mental en aquests joves.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Alfabetização , Comportamento do Adolescente , Instituições Residenciais , Educação , Emoções , Saúde Mental , Psicopatologia , Espanha
4.
Rev. psicol. deport ; 30(3): 9-18, Dic 27, 2021. ilus, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-213851

RESUMO

Sports health literacy (SHL) is an important indicator of the all-round development of college students. However, the existing studies have not constructed a systematic and complete evaluation index system (EIS) or diversified the index weighting method. To solve the problem, this paper tries to evaluate and predict college students’ SHL based on artificial neural network (ANN). Firstly, an EIS was designed for college students’ SHL, including 4 goals, and 19 primary indices, and the structure of the evaluation and prediction system was presented for college students’ SHL. Next, college students’ SHL was comprehensively evaluated through analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Finally, a backpropagation neural network (BPNN) was established to predict college students’ SHL, and the initial weights were optimized by genetic algorithm (GA). The proposed EIS and prediction model were found scientific and effective through experiments. To sum up, the SHL of college students were evaluated and predicted in the following aspects: EIS construction, evaluation model establishment, and evaluation system design. The proposed model and system can comprehensively rate college students’ SHL. The statistical analysis of the ratings reflects the gaps between indices, and identifies those doing well and poorly on each index. Then, pertinent intervention can be implemented to satisfy the actual needs of improving college students’ SHL.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Alfabetização , Estudantes , Redes Neurais de Computação , Esportes , Psicologia do Esporte
5.
Comunidad (Barc., Internet) ; 23(1): 0-0, mar.-jun. 2021. tab, graf, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-201955

RESUMO

Mejorar el estado de salud de la población general no es tarea fácil. Hacerlo en el caso de colectivos desfavorecidos es aún más complicado. Presentamos una intervención inédita de educación para la salud desarrollada en el Centro Penitenciario Araba/Álava mediante una estrategia de comunicación altamente eficaz y eficiente. Con acciones informativas sencillas, vehiculizadas por un canal de comunicación existente, se ha conseguido mejorar la adherencia a la medicación de la población reclusa. El Programa «Tu medicación te aporta un plus», desarrollado en un contexto de escasez de recursos y dirigido a un target de población con necesidades complejas, se ha retroalimentado a través de la participación de las personas reclusas y está plenamente implantado, con una trayectoria de más de 3 años. Detallamos su puesta en marcha y los resultados obtenidos, especialmente el impacto en la salud mental y calidad de vida de la población reclusa. Aportamos una estrategia de comunicación y educación en salud de bajo coste, que promueve el empoderamiento individual y colectivo, y es válido y aplicable tanto en el ámbito penitenciario como en otros contextos comunitarios: centros educativos, sociales y sanitarios. El objetivo del estudio es mejorar la salud y la calidad de vida de las personas reclusas a través de un programa de intervención adaptado a sus características y necesidades


Improving the health of the general population is not an easy task. In the case of disadvantaged groups it is even more complicated. We report an unprecedented health education intervention carried out at Araba/Álava Prison Centre by means of a highly effective and efficient communication strategy. With simple explanatory actions, conveyed by an existing communication channel, it was possible to improve the prison population's medication adherence. "Your medication gives you a plus" Programme, carried out against a backdrop of scarcity of resources and targeted at a population with complex needs, has been fed back through the participation of inmates and has been fully implemented over more than three years. We outline implementation of the programme and its results, especially the impact on mental health and quality of life of the prison population. We provide a low-cost health education and communication strategy, which promotes individual and group empowerment, and is valid and applicable both in the prison setting and in other community contexts: educational, social and health centres


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Prisioneiros/psicologia , Participação da Comunidade , Prisões/organização & administração , Comunicação em Saúde/métodos , Nível de Saúde , Educação em Saúde/métodos , Qualidade de Vida , Cooperação e Adesão ao Tratamento , Saúde Mental , Relações Profissional-Paciente , Inquéritos e Questionários , Sistemas de Medicação/organização & administração , Alfabetização/estatística & dados numéricos
6.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 32(1): 47-53, feb. 2020. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-195815

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Desirable interpersonal interactions require literacy competence and social and emotional competencies, which are closely related to empathy. This study aimed to investigate whether social and emotional competencies and empathy predict literacy competence in Primary Education, assessing students' socio-educational characteristics. METHOD: The three variables were analysed in a sample consisting of 516 Primary Education children from six schools in Spain. RESULTS: competence was higher in girls and students from the ethnic-cultural majority. Empathy and social and emotional competencies were related to literacy competence. CONCLUSIONS: Literacy competence could be improved by targeting social and emotional development. New intervention programs could be based on the results


ANTECEDENTES: las interacciones interpersonales deseables requieren competencia en comunicación lingüística y competencias sociales y emocionales, que están estrechamente relacionadas con la empatía. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar si las competencias sociales y emocionales, y la empatía, predicen la competencia en comunicación lingüística en Educación Primaria, teniendo en cuenta las características socioeducativas de los estudiantes. MÉTODO: la muestra de este estudio consta de 516 niños de Educación Primaria de seis escuelas en España y se analizaron las tres variables. RESULTADOS: la competencia en comunicación lingüística fue mayor en mujeres y estudiantes de mayoría étnico-cultural. La empatía y las competencias sociales y emocionales estaban relacionadas con la competencia en comunicación lingüística. CONCLUSIONES: la competencia en comunicación lingüística podría mejorarse mediante el desarrollo social y emocional. Las nuevas intervenciones podrían basarse en estos resultados


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Educação Baseada em Competências/métodos , Emoções , Empatia , Relações Interpessoais , Alfabetização , Habilidades Sociais , Comunicação , Leitura , Fatores Sexuais , Espanha , Redação
7.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 31(4): 363-375, nov. 2019. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-192245

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Students' academic achievement depends on their personal, family and sociocultural characteristics. This study aims to identify the personal and family factors of European students who do not perform as expected, whether by surpassing expectations (resilient) or by failing to meet them (low performers). METHOD: The sample was composed of 117,539 fourth grade students who completed the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) test, from 23 European Union countries. Academic performance was evaluated via a reading comprehension test. For each country, two binary logistic regression models were used, one for resilient students and the other for low performers. Variables related to the students and their families were used as predictor variables. RESULTS: Significant differences were found between European countries in terms of the proportion of resilient and low performing students. The two variables with the most predictive power were student confidence with reading, and having done early literacy activities. CONCLUSIONS: Students' personal characteristics and family conditions are instrumental in students being considered resilient or low performers


ANTECEDENTES: el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes depende de sus características personales, familiares y socioculturales. El presente trabajo trata de identificar los factores personales y familiares de los estudiantes europeos que no obtienen el rendimiento esperado, bien sea porque superan las expectativas previas (resilientes), o porque rinden por debajo de lo esperado (low performers). MÉTODO: la muestra está formada por 117.539 estudiantes de cuarto grado que realizaron la prueba de Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS), pertenecientes a 23 países de la Unión Europea. El rendimiento académico se evaluó mediante una prueba de compresión lectora. Para cada país se utilizaron dos modelos de regresion logística binaria, uno para los alumnos resilientes y otro para los low performers. Como variables predictoras se utilizaron variables asociadas al alumno y a su familia. RESULTADOS: se han obtenido diferencias importantes entre los países europeos en relación a la proporción de alumnos resilientes y low performers. La confianza de los estudiantes en la lectura y el haber realizado actividades de alfabetización temprana son las dos variables con mayor poder predictivo. CONCLUSIONES: las características personales del alumnado y sus condiciones familiares son determinantes para que los estudiantes sean considerados resilientes y low performers


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Sucesso Acadêmico , Família , Leitura , Resiliência Psicológica , Estudantes/psicologia , Baixo Rendimento Escolar , Atitude , Compreensão , União Europeia/estatística & dados numéricos , Alfabetização/estatística & dados numéricos , Modelos Logísticos , Pais , Análise de Componente Principal , Instituições Acadêmicas , Autoimagem , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos
8.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 30(4): 388-394, nov. 2018. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-178693

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Reading on the Internet requires specific skills (e.g., navigation), apart from comprehension abilities, but there is no test in Spanish to assess these skills in adolescents. The goal of this study is to fill this gap with a test called WebLEC, inspired by the PISA framework. METHOD: WebLEC was validated with secondary education students (n = 941). It includes 28 items of three types (access & retrieve, integrate & interpret, and reflect & evaluate) applied to four reading scenarios (e.g., web portal, search engines, Internet forums, and Wikipedia). WebLEC provides a general reading literacy index, plus two navigation indices. RESULTS: The validity and reliability of WebLEC was confirmed, and a scale to diagnose reading literacy skills is provided. CONCLUSIONS: WebLEC assesses adolescents' Internet reading literacy skills. Given the growing importance of the Internet in daily life and learning situations, assessing these skills is the first step in implementing instructional interventions to foster Internet reading


ANTECEDENTES: leer en Internet requiere habilidades específicas (e.g., navegación) aparte de habilidades de comprensión. No existe en español un test para evaluar estas habilidades en población adolescente. El propósito de este trabajo es cubrir esta laguna con el test WebLEC, desarrollado a partir del marco de PISA. MÉTODO: WebLEC fue validado con estudiantes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) (n = 941). Incluye 28 ítems o tareas de tres tipos (acceso y recuperación, integrar e interpretar, y reflexionar y evaluar) aplicadas a 4 escenarios de lectura (portal web, buscador, foro de internet y Wikipedia). WebLEC proporciona un índice general de competencia lectora y dos índices de navegación. RESULTADOS: se confirma la validez y fiabilidad de WebLEC, y se proporciona un baremo para los diferentes cursos de ESO. CONCLUSIONES: WebLEC sirve para evaluar la competencia lectora en Internet de estudiantes de ESO. Dada la creciente importancia de Internet para la vida ordinaria y el aprendizaje, evaluar estas habilidades es el primer paso para implementar intervenciones para la mejora de la competencia lectora en Internet


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Avaliação Educacional , Internet , Alfabetização , Leitura
10.
Rev. esp. nutr. comunitaria ; 22(3): 0-0, jul.-sept. 2016. tab, ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-165118

RESUMO

Fundamentos: La alimentación durante la infancia en Honduras presenta muchos problemas debidos, no sólo a la escasa disponibilidad de alimentos a nivel familiar, sino también a la falta de conocimientos de las madres en cuanto a los alimentos que el niño pequeño necesita, su salubridad y la forma de prepararlos. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar las pautas erróneas de lactancia y alimentación complementaria en los infantes hondureños y diseñar un instrumento educativo destinada orientar a madres con un alto grado de analfabetismo contemplando aspectos de lactancia y alimentación complementaria. Métodos: El estudio descriptivo transversal. Realizado en 100 familias Hondureñas con hijos menores de 24 meses. Los análisis se realizaron en 5 departamentos (Olancho, Intibucá, Lempira, Atlántida y Francisco Morazán), mediante un muestreo aleatorio simple. Se utilizó un formulario precodificado con patrones alimentarios, demográficos, socioeconómicos, ambientales, clínicos, y aplicando el método frecuencia de consumo para niños menores de 24 meses. Resultados: Se observó cómo en las comunidades estudiadas un porcentaje alto de las familias (67%) no practicaban la lactancia materna exclusiva durante los 2 primeros meses, a pesar de que el 94% de las madre encuestadas si daban lactancia natural (p<0,005). El 31% de las madres presentaban un nivel educativo bajo y un 6,4% era analfabeta. La prevalencia de desnutrición global en esta población fue del 11% y de un 20% en desnutrición crónica. Conclusiones La educación alimentaria y nutricional es un elemento esencial en la prevalencia y control de problemas de salud relacionados con la dieta, los resultados plantean la necesidad de modificar conductas no deseadas, que están profundamente arraigadas en el contexto social y cultural de las familias Hondureñas (AU)


Background: Childhood feeding in Honduras presents many problems due not only to the scarce availability of food at the family level, but also to the lack of knowledge of the mothers about the food the child needs, the healthiness and the form to prepare them. The aim of this study was to identify the erroneous patterns of breastfeeding and complementary feeding in Honduran infants and to design an educational instrument aimed at orienting mothers with a high degree of illiteracy regarding aspects of breastfeeding and complementary feeding. Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-evaluation 100 Honduran families with children under 24 months. Analyses were performed in 5 departments (Olancho, Intibucá, Lempira, Atlantis and Francisco Morazán), by a simple random sampling. A pre-coded form was used with food, demographic, socioeconomic, environmental, clinical patterns and also the frequency of consumption method for children under 24 months form was applied. Results: A high percentage of families (67%) did not practice exclusive breastfeeding during the first two months, though, that 94% of stem surveyed if they gave breastfeeding, was noted how, in the communities studied (p <0.005). The 31% of mothers participating in the study had a low educational level and 6.4% were illiterate. The prevalence of underweight in this population was 11% and 20% in chronic malnutrition. Conclusions food and nutrition education is an essential element in the prevalence and control of health problems related to diet, the results suggest the need to modify unwanted behaviors that are deeply rooted in the social and cultural context of the Honduran families (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Guias Alimentares , Alfabetização/normas , Lactação/fisiologia , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente/normas , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Educação Alimentar e Nutricional , Estudos Transversais/métodos , Declaração de Helsinki , Protocolos Clínicos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Antropometria
11.
Rev. derecho genoma hum ; (43): 175-191, jul.-dic. 2015.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-153405

RESUMO

El pasado octubre se cumplían diez años de la Declaración Universal sobre Bioética y Derechos Humanos dela UNESCO, documento que resultó crucial para la Bioética. Fruto de una prolija elaboración en cuyo proceso se produjeron controversias y debates, mostrando nuevos caminos a recorrer. Todo ello ha llevado al autor a realizar un primer análisis sobre sus logros y sus metas de futuro (AU)


During the last October, we celebrated the 10th anniversary of The Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights of UNESCO. This Declaration was particularly important for bioethics discourse. The result of a meticulous preparation process in which there were controversies and debates, showing new paths to follow. All of this has led the author to make a first analysis of their achievements and future goals (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Atos Internacionais/ética , Atos Internacionais/legislação & jurisprudência , Bioética , Direitos Humanos/legislação & jurisprudência , Biodiversidade , UNESCO , Pobreza/legislação & jurisprudência , Promoção da Saúde/ética , Promoção da Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Alfabetização , Legislação Ambiental
12.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 12(supl.1): 25-33, 2000. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-150791

RESUMO

One of the most used dimensions for comparing human values at the cultural level is that of indiviadulism-collectivism. It was originally proposed by Hofstede (1984), and continues to be employed in current theoretical models such as those of Triandis (1995) and Schwartz (1994). Although the Hofstede and Schwartz models have been compared in previous studies, there is little data that permits an evaluation of their explanatory potential with respect to macro-social and macro-economic variables. Furthermore, even when there is evidence to the relation of the individualism-collectivism dimension with others, such as power distance, autonomy and conservation, they are not usually treated in the same study. In this sense, our work compares these two models in relation to the values of individualism-collectivism. With this goal in mind, the same 20 countries that have scores in Hofstede and Schwartz’s studies on these dimensions are compared in relation to a group of macro-social (birth rat e, human development, illiteracy rate, etc.) and macro-economic (gross national product, rate of agricultural activity, rate of inflation, etc.) variables. Results show that the Hofstede model is better explained by macro-economic variables while the Schwartz model is better accounted for by macro-social variables (AU)


El individualismo-colectivismo es una de las dimensiones más utilizadas para comparar a un nivel cultural los valores humanos. Fue propuesta originalmente por Hofstede (1984) y continua siendo utilizada en modelos teóricos contemporáneos como los de Triandis (1995) y Schwartz (1994). Aunque los modelos de Hofstede y Schwartz han sido comparados en previos estudios hay poca evidencia que evalúe su capacidad explicativa en relación a variables macro-sociales y macro-económicas. Mas aun, aunque hay evidencia de la relación de la dimensión de Individualismo-Colectivismo con otros, como la distancia de pode r, la autonomía y el conservacionismo , estas dimensiones generalmente no se utilizan en el mismo estudio. En este mismo sentido nuestro trabajo comparará los dos modelos (Hofstede y Schwartz) en relación a los valores Indidividualismo-Colectivismo. Para cumplir este objetivo, 20 países que poseen puntuaciones de las dimensiones de Hofstede y Schwartz son comparados en relación a un grupo de variables macro-sociales (tasa de natalidad, desarrollo humano, tasa de analfabetismo, etc.) y macro-económicas (producto nacional bruto, tasa de actividad agrícola, tasa de inflación, etc.). Los resultados muestran que el modelo de Hofstede se explica mejor por las variables macro-económicas, mientras que el modelo de Schwartz se explica mejor por las variables macro-sociales (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Sociedades/classificação , Sociedades/ética , Valores Sociais/etnologia , Alfabetização/psicologia , Cristianismo/psicologia , Sociedades/economia , Sociedades/história , Valores Sociais , Alfabetização/etnologia , Israel/etnologia , Islamismo/psicologia
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