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1.
An. psicol ; 40(1): 150-162, Ene-Abri, 2024. tab, ilus, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-229037

RESUMO

Este estudio presenta distintos tipos de evidencias de validez y confiabilidad de la Escala de Autenticidad (AS) en una muestra de Brasil y Portugal. El estudioconsiste en una encuesta con 1.077 brasileños y 622 portugueses. Se testó el modelo con tres factores correlacionados (autoalienación, vivir auténtico y aceptación de la influencia externa), el modelo unidimensional y el modelo bifactorial. Se retuvo el modelo con tres factores correlacionados, con las tres subescalas alcanzando confiabilidad moderada a buena. Análisis factorial confirmatorio multigrupo sugirió invariancia escalar para cultura, género, edad, educación, ocupación y preocupación e impacto relacionados con Covid. Los ítems fueron evaluados por graded response model(GRM), sugiriendo que las tres subescalas no discriminan las personas con altos rasgos de autenticidad. GRM y estadísticas descriptivas indican que la escala de puntuación es inapropiada, particularmente para la subescala vivir auténtico, que es afectada por efecto techo. Las asociaciones con presencia de sentido mostraron evidencia adicional de validez. A pesar de las limitaciones, la AS es una medida adecuada para evaluar la autenticidad en diferentes grupos. Se discuten posibles modificaciones para el aprimoramiento de la AS.(AU)


This study introduces distinct types of validity and reliability evidence of the Authenticity Scale (AS) in a sample from Brazil and Portugal. It consists of an online survey with 1,077 Brazilian citizens and 622 Portuguese citizens. The study tested the model with three correlated factors (self-alienation, authentic living, and accepting external influence), the unidimensional model, and the bifactor model. The model with three correlated factors was retained, with the three subscales demonstrating moderate to good reliability. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis suggested scalar invariance across culture, gender, age, education, occupation, and Covid-related concern and impact. The items were assessed by graded response model (GRM), which suggested that the three subscales are not able to distinguish respondents with high authenticity traits. GRM and descriptive statistics indicated that the rating-scale is inappropriate, particularly for authentic living subscale, which is affected by ceiling effect. Associations with presence of meaning showed additional validity evidence. Despite the limitations, the AS is an effective measure to assess authenticity across different groups. Potential modifications for the improvement of the AS are discussed.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Autoimagem , 35111 , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Valor da Vida , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Psicologia , Psicologia Social , Inquéritos e Questionários , Brasil , Portugal , Análise Fatorial
2.
Int. j. clin. health psychol. (Internet) ; 24(1): [100441], Ene-Mar, 2024. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-230381

RESUMO

In the context of body image and mental health, transgender individuals face distinctive challenges stemming from the complexities of their gender identity journey, societal expectations, and body norms. However, the existing line of research on this topic remains limited. This study explores the complex relationship in transgender individuals between body objectification, body weight dissatisfaction, and eating concerns. A sample of 154 individuals (77 transgenders paired with 77 cisgenders) was recruited via LGBTQ+ groups’ mailing lists. Participants completed various questionnaires assessing body image, eating psychopathology, depression, and body objectification. Propensity score matching was performed with different variables: age, current BMI, years of education, current self-identified gender, and sexual orientation. The results revealed that transgender individuals experienced higher levels of body objectification, body weight dissatisfaction, and eating concerns compared to their cisgender counterparts. Additionally, age emerged as a protective factor, as older transgender individuals demonstrated improved body acceptance and self-esteem. Logistic regression analyzes indicated that bulimic behaviors, depressive symptoms, and appearance control beliefs were specific factors significantly associated with being transgender. Our findings highlight the unique challenges faced by transgender individuals in navigating their gender identity and body image, underscoring the importance of targeted interventions and support systems.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoas Transgênero , Identidade de Gênero , Autoimagem , Imagem Corporal , Psicologia Clínica , Saúde Mental , Peso Corporal
4.
Nutr. hosp ; 41(1): 19-27, Ene-Feb, 2024. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-230881

RESUMO

Introducción: el rendimiento académico está influenciado por numerosos factores, algunos de índole personal y otros contextuales, que, además, poseen una estrecha relación con la salud de los estudiantes. Por ello, el objetivo del estudio fue analizar la relación e influencia de los hábitos de vida, diversos indicadores de salud física y psicosocial, y variables sociodemográficas sobre dicho rendimiento. Método: el estudio se llevó a cabo sobre una muestra de 761 estudiantes (14,51 ± 1,63 años) de 25 centros educativos de una región del norte de España. Se valoró el rendimiento académico, así como la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, la autoestima, la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea, las horas de sueño nocturno, el nivel de actividad física, el entorno para la práctica de dicha actividad física, la participación en actividades deportivas extraescolares, el consumo máximo de oxígeno, el índice de masa corporal y diversos factores sociodemográficos. Resultados: ser chico, tener origen migrante y poseer un nivel socioeconómico bajo/medio, una capacidad cardiorrespiratoria en zona de riesgo, una menor adherencia a la dieta mediterránea e índices más bajos de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud resultaron asociarse a un menor rendimiento académico, llegando a explicar hasta el 14 % de su varianza según el análisis de regresión. Igualmente, los adolescentes con mayor autoestima, menor índice de masa corporal, las chicas, aquellos que residían en un entorno favorable para la práctica física, los que realizaban actividad física extraescolar y los que presentaban mayor número de horas de sueño nocturno, mostraron mayores índices de rendimiento académico. Conclusiones: las intervenciones dirigidas a combatir el fracaso escolar deberían tener en cuenta los factores asociados citados, haciendo especial hincapié en los grupos más vulnerables como los chicos, aquellos con menor nivel socioeconómico y los que siguen unos hábitos de vida no saludables.(AU)


Introduction: academic performance is influenced by numerous factors, some personal and others contextual in nature, which also have a closerelationship with the health of students. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the relationship and influence of lifestyle habits, variousphysical and psychosocial health indicators, and sociodemographic variables on academic performance.Method: the study was carried out on a sample of 761 students (14.51 ± 1.63 years old) from 25 educational centers in a region of northernSpain. Academic performance was assessed, as well as health-related quality of life, self-esteem, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, hoursof nocturnal sleep, level of physical activity, environment for the practice of physical activity, participation in extra-curricular sports activities,maximum oxygen consumption, body mass index, and various sociodemographic factors.Results: being male, having immigrant origins, as well as having a low/medium socioeconomic level, a cardiorespiratory capacity in the risk zone,lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and lower health-related quality of life indices were associated with lower academic performance,explaining up to 14 % of its variance according to the regression analysis. Likewise, adolescents with higher self-esteem, lower body mass index,females, those who lived in a favorable environment for physical activity practice, engaged in extra-curricular physical activity, and had a highernumber of hours of nocturnal sleep showed higher levels of academic performance.Conclusions: interventions aimed at combating academic failure should take into account the aforementioned associated factors, with specialemphasis on the most vulnerable groups such as males, those with lower socioeconomic status, and those who follow unhealthy lifestyle habits.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Dieta Mediterrânea , Cooperação e Adesão ao Tratamento , Qualidade de Vida , Desempenho Acadêmico , Comportamento Alimentar , Indicadores Básicos de Saúde , Autoimagem , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estudos Transversais , Espanha , Ciências da Nutrição , Saúde do Adolescente , Exercício Físico , Índice de Massa Corporal
5.
Psicol. educ. (Madr.) ; 30(1): 39-45, Ene. 2024. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-228960

RESUMO

The objective of the present study was the standardization of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES; Rosenberg, 1989), adapted and validated by Martín-Albo et al. (2007) in the Spanish population at the secondary education stage. The sample consisted of 25,706 students, selected randomly. The analysis of the data obtained indicated an adequate factorial structure of the instrument and its invariance by sex. For a better adaptation of the scale, a division of the test was carried out according to the self-deprecation and self-confidence variables. The scales indicated an increase in self-confidence across both sexes with increasing age, but the girls’ scores were lower than the boys’ at all ages. The present research provides a self-esteem scale for Spanish adolescents through an assessment instrument that is easily applicable and accessible for the educational community. (AU)


El objetivo de la presente investigación ha sido la estandarización de la Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES; Rosenberg, 1989), adaptada y validada por Martín-Albo et al. (2007) en la población española de la etapa de educación secundaria. La muestra constaba de 25,706 alumnos, elegidos aleatoriamente. El análisis de los datos obtenidos indica que tiene una adecuada estructura factorial e invarianza por sexo. Para una mejor adecuación de la baremación se realizó una división de la prueba en las variables autodesprecio y autoconfianza. Los baremos indican que la autoconfianza en ambos géneros mejora a medida que aumenta la edad, siendo las puntuaciones de las chicas menores que las de los chicos en todas las edades. La investigación aporta una escala de autoestima para los adolescentes españoles mediante un instrumento de evaluación fácilmente aplicable y accesible para la comunidad educativa. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Autoimagem , Padrões de Referência , Espanha , Análise Fatorial , Análise de Variância
6.
Eur. j. psychol. appl. legal context (Internet) ; 16(1): 37-48, Jan. 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-230854

RESUMO

Background: There are serious doubts as to whether parental strictness, one of the two main dimensions of parental style, can be a negative or positive component of parenting in traditional societies. Method: Parenting style (authoritarian, authoritative, indulgent, and neglectful) was captured from strictness and warmth dimensions and child maladjustment was assessed with problems of self-esteem and self-concept (academic, social, emotional, family, and physical) studied worldwide. The sample was composed of 1,282 Chinese participants (676 females, 52.7%), 581 adolescent children (age ranging from 12-18 years, 45.3%), and 701 young adult children (age ranging from 19-31 years, 54.7%). A 4 × 2 × 2 factorial MANOVA was applied for all outcomes using parenting style, sex, and age as the independent variables. Results: The statistical analysis plainly indicated that authoritarian (strictness but not warmth) and neglectful (neither strictness nor warmth) parenting styles were associated with higher maladjustment in terms of lower self-esteem and self-concept scores. Indulgent (not strictness but warmth) and authoritative (strictness and warmth) parenting were positive parenting styles acting as protective factors against self-esteem and self-concept problems. The authoritative style (strictness and warmth), but not the authoritarian parenting style (strictness but not warmth), was the most positive parenting for academic self-concept, but only among adolescents. Conclusions: Interestingly, completely contrary to expectations that authoritarian parenting might be a positive parenting in traditional societies, present findings suggest that the authoritarian style might be a negative parenting related to child maladjustment. (AU)


Antecedentes: Existen serias dudas sobre si la severidad parental, una de las dos dimensiones principales del estilo parental, puede ser un componente negativo o positivo de la socialización en las sociedades tradicionales. Método: El estilo parental (autoritario, autorizativo, indulgente y negligente) se evaluó a partir de las dimensiones de severidad y afecto, y el desajuste de los hijos por medio de problemas de autoestima y autoconcepto (académicos, sociales, emocionales, familiares y físicos) estudiados en todo el mundo. La muestra estaba compuesta por 1,282 participantes chinos (676 mujeres, 52.7%), 581 hijos adolescentes (de 12 a 18 años, 45.3%) y 701 hijos adultos jóvenes (de 19 a 31 años, 54.7%). Se aplicó un MANOVA factorial 4 × 2 × 2 para todos los criterios utilizando el estilo parental, el sexo y la edad como variables independientes. Resultados: El análisis estadístico indicó claramente que el estilo parental autoritario (severidad sin afecto) y el negligente (ni severidad ni afecto) estaban relacionados con un mayor desajuste, como indican las menores puntuaciones de autoestima y autoconcepto. El estilo indulgente (afecto sin severidad) y el autorizativo (severidad y afecto) fueron estilos parentales positivos que actuaron como factores protectores contra los problemas de autoestima y autoconcepto. El estilo autorizativo (severidad y afecto), pero no el autoritario (severidad sin afecto), fue el más positivo para el autoconcepto académico, pero sólo en los adolescentes. Conclusiones: En contra de las expectativas de que el estilo parental autoritario podría ser positivo para la socialización en las sociedades tradicionales, los presentes resultados sugieren que la socialización autoritaria es un estilo parental negativo relacionado con problemas de desajuste de los hijos. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Educação Infantil/psicologia , Relações Pais-Filho , Autoritarismo , Afeto , Maus-Tratos Infantis , Autoimagem , China
7.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 36(1): 36-45, 2024. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-229720

RESUMO

Background: Body compassion is a protective factor in the field of eating disorders (ED) that has been associated with higher body appreciation and lower body shame. However, more studies are needed in order to disentangle the protective role of compassion in regard to the risk of ED. The study’s aims were to (1) analyze the psychometric properties of the Spanish adaptation of the Body Compassion Scale (BCS) and (2) determine whether body appreciation and body shame were mediators in the relationship between body compassion and the risk of ED. Method: 288 women (range: 18-40 years old; M = 24.65 ± 5.02) from the general Spanish population completed online questionnaires. Results: The Spanish adaptation of the BCS was reliable and valid. Results of a serial and parallel mediation model confirmed the protective role of body compassion and body appreciation on body shame and the risk of ED, accounting for 68.88% of the variance. Conclusions: Findings indicate that women who present higher body compassion tend to show higher body appreciation, which in turn leads to lower internal body shame and lower risk of ED. These results support the need to develop a positive and compassionate relationship with one’s body, in order to prevent ED.(AU)


Antecedentes: La compasión hacia el cuerpo (CC) es un factor protector en el campo de los trastornos alimentarios (TA) que se ha asociado con una mayor apreciación y una menor vergüenza corporales. Sin embargo, se necesitan más estudios para desentrañar el papel protector de la CC en el riesgo de TA. Los objetivos fueron examinar (1) las propiedades psicométricas de la adaptación española de la Escala de Compasión hacia el cuerpo y (2) si la apreciación y la vergüenza corporales eran mediadoras entre la CC y el riesgo de TA. Método: 288 mujeres (rango: 18-40 años; M = 24.65 ± 5.02) de la población general española cumplimentaron cuestionarios online. Resultados: La escala era fiable y válida. Un modelo de mediación serial-paralelo confirmó el papel protector de la CC y la apreciación corporal sobre la vergüenza corporal y el riesgo de TA, explicando el 68,88% de la varianza. Conclusiones: Los resultados indican que las mujeres que presentan mayor CC tienden a mostrar mayor apreciación corporal, lo que conduce a una menor vergüenza corporal interna y un menor riesgo de TA. Estos resultados apoyan la necesidad de promover una relación positiva y compasiva con el cuerpo con el fin de prevenir TA.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Imagem Corporal/psicologia , Peso Corporal , Autoimagem , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , Psicometria
8.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 36(1): 64-71, 2024. graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-229723

RESUMO

Background: The Self-Absorption Scale (SAS) is one of the few instruments that measure dysfunctional self-focused attention or self-absorption, a transdiagnostic factor of vulnerability to various emotional disorders. The internal structure of the Spanish version of the SAS and its relationship with other variables have not been examined, nor has whether its subscales provide relevant information. These were the two goals of the present study. Method: The factor structure of the SAS, its internal consistency, and its relationship with depression and post-traumatic stress were analyzed in a Spanish community sample of 519 adults. Results: The SAS presented a symmetrical bifactor structure with a general factor of self-absorption that explained most of the variance in the items and two specific factors of private and public self-absorption. The total scale and the two subscales of the SAS exhibited excellent, good or adequate reliability coefficients (alphas/omegas = .70 – .88) and correlated with depression and post-traumatic stress (r = .34 – .46). Conclusions: The SAS provides reliable, valid measures of dysfunctional self-focused attention in Spanish adults, but its Private and Public Self-absorption subscales are not much more useful than the information provided by its total scale.(AU)


Antecedentes: la Escala de Autoabsorción (SAS) es uno de los pocos instrumentos que mide la atención autofocalizada disfuncional o autoabsorción, un factor transdiagnóstico de vulnerabilidad a diversos trastornos emocionales. La estructura interna de la versión española de la SAS y su relación con otras variables no han sido examinadas, ni tampoco si sus subescalas aportan información relevante. Estos fueron los objetivos del presente estudio. Método: se analizó la estructura factorial de la SAS, su consistencia interna y la relación con la sintomatología depresiva y de estrés postraumático en una muestra comunitaria española de 519 adultos. Resultados: la SAS presentó una estructura bifactor simétrica con un factor general de autoabsorción que explicaba la mayoría de la varianza de los ítems y dos factores específicos de autoabsorción privada y pública. La escala total y las dos subescalas mostraron coeficientes de fiabilidad excelentes, buenos o adecuados (alfas/omegas = .70 – .88) y correlacionaban con la depresión y el estrés postraumático (r = .34 – .46). Conclusiones: la SAS proporciona medidas fiables y válidas de la atención autofocalizada disfuncional en adultos españoles, pero sus subescalas de autoabsorción privada y pública pueden no ser muy útiles más allá de la información proporcionada por su escala total.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Autoimagem , Estresse Psicológico , Depressão , Atenção , Espanha
9.
Rev. logop. foniatr. audiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 43(4): [100320], Oct-Dic, 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-227233

RESUMO

Objetivo: Determinar aspectos anatómicos, acústicos y socioemocionales de la voz en mujeres trans.Método: Corresponde a una investigación de tipo cuantitativa con diseño observacional, análisis descriptivo de tipo transversal retrospectivo, en el que participan 10 mujeres trans que forman parte del programa de género del HSJD. Resultados: Destaca el inicio tardío del proceso de evaluación médica, terapia hormonal y acompañamiento multidisciplinario durante la transición de género. La mayor parte de las participantes perciben su voz dentro de rangos masculinos o neutros. Según los datos obtenidos en este estudio con relación a los parámetros acústicos, todas las participantes se encuentran dentro de rangos normales en la medida de Jitter, sin embargo, 2 de ellas presentan alteración en Shimmer y NHR. Además, el 70% de las participantes presentan características de disfonía músculo tensional. Conclusión: Se debe mencionar que el acompañamiento fonoaudiológico, la valoración de la voz, el estudio anatómico y la posible intervención quirúrgica por parte del especialista otorrinolaringólogo/a, son un eje fundamental a considerar en el proceso de salud global de las personas trans.(AU)


Objective: To determine anatomical, acoustic and socio-emotional aspects of the voice in trans women. Method: It corresponds to a quantitative investigation with an observational design, descriptive analysis of a retrospective cross-sectional type, in which 10 trans women who are part of the gender program of the HSJD. Results: The late start of the process of medical evaluation, hormonal therapy and multidisciplinary accompaniment during the gender transition stands out. Most of the participants perceived their voice to be within the masculine or neutral ranges. According to the data obtained in this study in relation to the acoustic parameters, all the participants are within normal ranges in the Jitter measurement, however two of them present presentations in Shimmer and NHR. In addition, 70% of the participants presented characteristics of tension muscle dysphonia. Conclusion: It should be mentioned that speech therapy monitoring, voice assessment, anatomical study and possible surgical intervention by the otorhinolaryngologist specialist are a fundamental axis to consider in the global health process of trans people.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoas Transgênero , Autoimagem , Voz , Treinamento da Voz , Distúrbios da Voz , Audiologia , Fonoaudiologia , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Retrospectivos , Chile
10.
Rev. logop. foniatr. audiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 43(4): [100323], Oct-Dic, 2023. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-227234

RESUMO

Antecedentes: En las mujeres trans los aspectos fisiológicos vocales pueden significar limitaciones, generando sentimientos de inadecuación, restringiendo la participación en actividades sociales y afectando su calidad de vida. El Trans Women Voice Questionnaire (TWVQ) fue desarrollado en Australia y Canadá para medir la autopercepción vocal y su impacto en la vida diaria de las mujeres trans. Objetivo: Realizar la adaptación transcultural del TWVQ y determinar su validez de apariencia, contenido y equivalencia conceptual, práctica y lingüística para valorar la autopercepción de la voz y su impacto en la vida diaria de las mujeres trans de Argentina. Método: Se siguió el método recomendado por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) en cinco etapas: I. Dos traducciones semánticas directas e independientes inglés-español, II. Síntesis de traducciones por panel de expertos, III. Entrevista con panel de tres mujeres trans, IV. Traducción inversa literal español-inglés, V. Pre-test y pruebas cognitivas a seis mujeres trans. Resultados: A través del proceso se controló que la equivalencia conceptual, práctica y lingüística, así como la comprensión y viabilidad del Versión del TWVQ adaptada para su uso en Argentina (TWVQ-AR) fueran adecuados. Cinco ítems requirieron adaptaciones mayores para lograr la equivalencia semántica en aquellos que midieron el tema «tono», que las participantes interpretaron como variaciones de intensidad del sonido y no de frecuencia. Conclusión: El TWVQ-AR resultó en adecuada validez por apariencia y contenido; equivalente al original australiano-canadiense y correcto en el aspecto conceptual, la práctica y la lingüística para mujeres trans de Argentina. Se deben examinar sus propiedades métricas como indicador de calidad de vida relacionada con la voz en esta población.(AU)


Context: In trans women, the physiological aspects of their voices that may be different from expected, either by them or other people they interact with, may result in limitations in their daily lives generating feelings of inadequacy, restricting social interaction, and impacting their overall psychosocial well-being. Objective: The objective was to undertake the transcultural adaptation of the TWVQ and test its face and content validity, as well as its conceptual, practical, and lingüistic equivalence to measure the self-perception of trans women's voices from Argentina and its impact on their daily lives in relation to their health. Method: This study followed the World Health Organization guidelines for transcultural adaptations recommended by the author of the original TWVQ Georgia Dacakis. The adaptation underwent five different stages. I – Two forward translations (from English to Spanish from Argentina), II – expert panel revision, III – interview with a group of trans women to test comprehension, IV – two back translations (from Argentinian Spanish back to English), and V – pre-testing and cognitive interviewing with a group of trans women. Conclusion: The TWVQ-AR is valid in face and content validity as well as in conceptual, practical, and lingüistic equivalence to the original TWVQ to successfully measure the self-perception of trans women's voices from Argentina and its impact on their daily lives in relation to their health.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoas Transgênero , Voz , Distúrbios da Voz , Qualidade de Vida , Comparação Transcultural , Autoimagem , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fonação , Fonoaudiologia , Audiologia , Argentina , Identidade de Gênero
11.
An. psicol ; 39(3): 446-457, Oct-Dic, 2023. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-224946

RESUMO

El objetivo de este estudio es identificar qué estilo parental se asocia con resultados óptimos entre los adolescentes de familias españolas considerando aquellos con baja vs. alta autoeficacia. Los participantes fueron 1029 adolescentes españoles, 453 varones (44%), de 12 a 17 años. Aunque los estudios clásicos identifican el estilo autorizativo (basado en el afecto y la severidad) como la mejor estrategia socializadora, las investigaciones emergentes cuestionan seriamente los beneficios de la severidad parental. Además, el impacto de la socialización parental en la competencia psicosocial del adolescente se ha estudiado durante años, pero se sabe menos sobre si podría variar en función de las características individuales del adolescente (e.g., la autoeficacia). Las familias fueron clasificadas por estilo parental (autorizativo, autoritario, indulgente o negligente), y los adolescentes por baja vs. alta autoeficacia. La competencia psicosocial se examinó a través del autoconcepto emocional y académico, el desajuste psicológico (hostilidad/agresión, autoestima negativa, irresponsividad emocional, inestabilidad emocional y visión negativa del mundo) y el rendimiento académico (nota media y número de cursos repetidos). Se comprobaron los efectos principales y de interacción de estilo parental y autoeficacia. Los resultados de los efectos principales indicaron que los adolescentes con baja autoeficacia presentaban siempre la peor competencia psicosocial. También que los adolescentes de familias indulgentes y autorizativas presentaron mejores resultados que los de familias negligentes y autoritarias. Sin embargo, el estilo parental indulgente se asoció a los mejores resultados. El impacto de la socialización parental podría no ser igual en todos los contextos culturales. Frente a los resultados de los estudios clásicos, la severidad parental parece ser innecesaria o incluso perjudicial para los adolescentes con baja y alta autoeficacia.(AU)


The aim of this paper is to establish which parenting style is as-sociated with optimum outcomes among adolescents of Spanish families considering adolescents with low vs. high self-efficacy. Although classical studies identify the authoritative parenting style (based on warmth and strictness) as the best parental strategy, emerging research seriously ques-tions the benefits of parental strictness. Additionally, the impact of parent-ing on the adolescent’s psychosocial competence has been studied for years, but less is known about whether it might vary depending on individ-ual characteristics of the adolescent (e.g., self-efficacy). Participants were 1029 Spanish adolescents, 453 males (44%), aged 12-17 years. Families were classified in one of the parenting styles groups (authoritative, authori-tarian, indulgent, or neglectful), and adolescents were grouped by low vs. high self-efficacy. Adolescent psychosocial competence was examined through emotional and academic self-concept, psychological maladjust-ment (hostility/aggression, negative self-esteem, emotional responsivity, instability, and negative view of the world), and academic performance (grade point average and number of failing grades). Main and interaction effects of parenting style and adolescent self-efficacy were tested. Main ef-fect results indicated that adolescents with low self-efficacy were always as-sociated with the worst psychosocial competence. Consistently, the main effect findings indicated that adolescents from indulgent and authoritative families were associated with better results than those from neglectful and authoritarian families. However, the indulgent parenting style yielded the best results. The impact of parenting might not be the same for adoles-cents in all cultural contexts. Contrary to findings from classical studies, parental strictness seems to be unnecessary or even detrimental for adoles-cents with low and high self-efficacy.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Autoeficácia , Autoimagem , Comportamento do Adolescente , Poder Familiar , Desempenho Acadêmico , Psicologia , Psicologia Social , Psicologia Clínica , Saúde Mental , Espanha
12.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 77(10): 241-248, 16 - 30 de Noviembre 2023. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-227594

RESUMO

Introducción La angiopatía de moyamoya es una vasculopatía originada por la estenosis/oclusión de una o ambas carótidas internas intracraneales. Aunque es más frecuente en países orientales, está aumentando su prevalencia en Occidente. Para su diagnóstico es imprescindible una angiorresonancia o una angiografía. En su tratamiento hay dos opciones: el tratamiento conservador (médico) o las técnicas quirúrgicas de bypass. Pacientes y métodos Se seleccionó a 19 pacientes mediante códigos de la Clasificación internacional de enfermedades, y se estudiaron sus características demográficas y resultados en salud. Se les administró una escala para el cribado de síndrome ansiosodepresivo –escala de ansiedad y depresión hospitalaria (HADS)– y otra de autopercepción de calidad de vida (SF-36). De estos pacientes, se estudió a ocho al aplicar los criterios de inclusión/exclusión. Resultados Se estudió a 19 pacientes (52,63%, hombres; 57,89%, europeos) y se estimó la prevalencia aragonesa en 1,37/100.000 habitantes. La clínica más frecuente fue el ictus isquémico (73,68%). La HADS detectó dos casos positivos para ansiedad y un caso de depresión. Según el SF-36, los aspectos peor autopercibidos fueron la vitalidad (mediana: 35/100) y la salud general (mediana: 42,5/100); mientras que el mejor valorado fue la función física (media: 93,57/100). Conclusiones Se trata de la serie española con mayor prevalencia y la única que aborda la salud autopercibida y el cribado del síndrome ansiosodepresivo. Son necesarios más estudios que permitan abordar esta entidad y cuál es la verdadera prevalencia en Occidente. (AU)


INTRODUCTION Moyamoya angiopathy is a vasculopathy caused by stenosis/occlusion of one or both intracranial internal carotid arteries. Although more common in Eastern countries, its prevalence is increasing in the West. An angioresonance or angiography is essential for its diagnosis. There are two options for treatment: conservative (medical) treatment or surgical bypass techniques. PATIENTS AND METHODS Nineteen patients were selected using International Classification of Diseases codes, and their demographic characteristics and health outcomes were studied. They were administered a scale for the screening of anxious-depressive syndrome (the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale – HADS) and another scale for self-perceived quality of life (SF-36). After applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, eight of these patients were studied. RESULTS Nineteen patients were studied (52.63% male, 57.89% European) and the Aragonese prevalence was estimated at 1.37/100,000 inhabitants. The most frequent clinical presentation was ischaemic stroke (73.68%). The HADS detected two positive cases of anxiety and one case of depression. According to the SF-36, the worst self-rated aspects were vitality (median: 35/100) and general health (median: 42.5/100), while the best rated was physical function (mean: 93.57/100). CONCLUSIONS This is the Spanish series with the highest prevalence and the only one that addresses self-perceived health and screening of the anxious-depressive syndrome. Further research is needed to address this entity and determine its true prevalence in the West. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Doença de Moyamoya/diagnóstico , Doença de Moyamoya/epidemiologia , Doença de Moyamoya/terapia , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Autoimagem , Ansiedade/psicologia , Depressão/psicologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral
13.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 97: e202311100, Nov. 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-228332

RESUMO

Fundamentos: La pandemia de la COVID-19 y sus medidas de control parecen haber alterado la dinámica vital de la población. Fue justificable, por tanto, tratar de precisar el impacto sobre el estilo de vida, la higiene bucodental y el estado anímico, en grupos específicos, como estudiantes universitarios de Odontología de Madrid, que nos eran accesibles.Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional transversal anónimo y voluntario en la primera quincena de diciembre de 2021, mediante cuestionario online ad hoc, en estudiantes de Odontología de universidades de la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (CAM). Se realizó análisis descriptivo de las variables y se valoraron las asociaciones y significación con Chi-cuadrado y T-student. Resultados: Se recibieron setenta y dos encuestas. El 82% eran mujeres y el 18% varones, con 23±3 años de media. El 94% tenía buenos hábitos de higiene oral, que mejoraron con la pandemia. Su dieta habitual era variada y completa. Las mujeres consumían menos carne (p=0,014) y más fruta (p=0,066), hábitos que mantenían, y mejoraron los varones con incremento en frutas (p<0,002), verduras y legumbres (p<0,003) en la pandemia. El consumo de tabaco (23,4%) y alcohol (54%) disminuyó en confinamiento y subió en postconfinamiento. Un 36% aumentó, especialmente en postconfinamiento, su actividad física, antes baja. Conclusiones: Los estudiantes de la muestra tienen buenos hábitos de higiene oral y alimentación que mantienen e incluso mejoran con la pandemia, incluido un incremento del ejercicio físico en una fracción importante de la muestra. El confinamiento afecta al estado anímico y las relaciones sociales, llegando a alterar el sueño de las mujeres, con aumento de despertares nocturnos, sobre todo, en postconfinamiento.(AU)


Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and its control measures seem to have altered the vital dynamics of the population. It was justifiable, therefore, to try to specify the impact on lifestyle, oral hygiene and mood, in specific groups, such as dental university students in Madrid, who were accessible to us. Methods: An anonymous and voluntary cross-sectional observational study was carried out in the first fortnight of December 2021, through an ad hoc online questionnaire, in dentistry students from the Autonomous Community of Madrid. Descriptive analysis of the variables was performed and the associations and significance were assessed using Chi-square and T-student. Results: There were received seventy-two surveys. 82% were women and 18% men, with 23±3 years of mean age. 94% had good oral hygiene habits that improved with the pandemic. Their usual diet was varied and complete. Women consumed less meat (p=0.014) and more fruit (p=0.066), habits that they maintained, and men have improved with an increase in fruits (p<0.002), vegetables and legumes (p<0.003) in the pandemic. Tobacco (23,4%) and alcohol (54%) consumption decreased in confinement and increase in post-confinement. 36% increased their physical activity, initially low, especially in post-confinement. Conclusions: The students in the sample have good oral hygiene and eating habits, which they keep and even improve with the pandemic, including an increase in physical exercise in a significant fraction of the sample. The confinement affect the mood and social relationships, even altering the sleep of women, with an increase in night awakenings, especially in post-confinement.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Estudantes de Odontologia/psicologia , /psicologia , Quarentena/psicologia , Higiene Bucal/métodos , Estilo de Vida , Comportamento Sedentário , Espanha , Saúde Pública , /epidemiologia , /complicações , Saúde do Estudante , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Exercício Físico , Afeto , Autoimagem
14.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 55(11): 102708, Nov. 2023. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-227011

RESUMO

Objetivo: Revisar la literatura científica disponible sobre la relación entre el uso de redes sociales y factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, tales como baja autoestima, insatisfacción corporal y/o idealización de delgadez, en población española. Diseño: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de literatura científica publicada entre 2010 y 2022. Fuentes de datos: PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science. Selección de estudios: Se incluyeron solo artículos originales, publicados en español o inglés, que midieran al menos una variable de uso de redes sociales y al menos un factor de riesgo de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en población española. Extracción de datos: Se utilizó como guía la declaración PRISMA 2009. La calidad de los artículos seleccionados se evaluó mediante la lista de verificación de evaluación crítica del Instituto Joanna Briggs. Resultados: Se identificaron 12 artículos de diseño transversal que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. La evidencia apunta a que el uso y la frecuencia de uso de redes sociales se asocia significativamente con insatisfacción corporal (p≤0,01), impulso de la delgadez (p≤0,001) y baja autoestima (p≤0,05) en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes de la población española. Conclusiones: Los usuarios de redes sociales, principalmente de aquellas basadas en imágenes, se encuentran expuestos a factores que podrían incrementar su riesgo de desarrollar un trastorno de la conducta alimentaria.(AU)


Objective: Review the available scientific literature on the relationship between the use of social networks and risk factors for the development of eating disorders, such as low self-esteem, body dissatisfaction and/or idealization of thinness, in the Spanish population. Design: A systematic review of scientific literature published between 2010 and 2022 was carried out. Data sources: PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Selection of studies: Only original articles were included, published in Spanish or English, that measured at least one variable of use of social networks and at least one risk factor for eating disorders in the Spanish population. Data extraction: The PRISMA 2009 statement was used as a guide. The quality of selected articles was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. Results: Twelve cross-sectional studies that met the inclusion criteria were identified. Evidence suggests that the use and frequency of use of social networks is significantly associated with body dissatisfaction (p≤0,01), drive for thinness (p≤0,001), and low self-esteem (p≤0,05) in adolescents and young adults in the Spanish population. Conclusions: Users of social networks, mainly those based on images, are exposed to factors that could increase their risk of developing an eating disorder.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , Redes Sociais Online , Comportamento Alimentar/psicologia , Autoimagem , Imagem Corporal , Espanha , Telemedicina , Fatores de Risco , Internet , Magreza
15.
Rev. psicol. deport ; 32(4): 198-202, Oct 15, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-228864

RESUMO

This research delves into the intricate nexus between social anxiety related to physical appearance and the economic advantages derived from the utilization of TikTok's Beauty filter among female athletes in the realm of sports. The burgeoning presence of social media platforms, including TikTok, has not only transformed the way individuals engage online but has also redefined how female athletes perceive and present themselves within the digital sphere. Social anxiety pertaining to physical appearance is a pervasive concern that can exert a substantial influence on the online interactions of female athletes. The Beauty filter, a prominent feature on TikTok, permits users to digitally enhance their facial attributes and overall appearance. Through an extensive review of existing literature and the application of both qualitative and quantitative research methods, this study aims to illuminate the intricate interconnections between these phenomena. It seeks to comprehend how social anxiety may drive the adoption of beauty filters as a coping mechanism among female athletes, potentially affecting their self-esteem and reliance on these digital enhancements. Furthermore, this research explores the extent to which the use of the Beauty filter can translate into economic benefits for female athletes in sports. It examines factors such as heightened engagement rates, amplified follower growth, and opportunities for monetization through brand collaborations and sponsored content. The study also acknowledges the influence of cultural nuances, recognizing that beauty standards can diverge markedly across regions and cultures. Chinese female athletes, for instance, may be influenced by distinctive beauty ideals that differ from Western standards, thereby shaping their perceptions of attractiveness and the economic rewards attainable through the use of such filters. This study underscores the imperative for additional research to deepen our comprehension of the multifaceted connection between social anxiety concerning appearance, the adoption of digital beauty filters, and the economic consequences for female athletes in sports leveraging TikTok. The insights gleaned from this inquiry can offer valuable contributions to the fields of sports psychology, social media studies, and sports marketing, offering a nuanced perspective on the intricate interplay between self-perception, digital technology, and economic success in the context of female athletes in sports amidst the era of social media."(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Aparência Física , Imagem Corporal , Rede Social , Ansiedade , Atletas/psicologia , Beleza , China , Psicologia do Esporte , Esportes/psicologia , Esportes/tendências , Autoimagem
16.
An. psicol ; 39(2): 294-303, May-Sep. 2023. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-219768

RESUMO

Este trabajo analiza las expectativas futuras durante la adolescencia y su relación con variables personales (edad, sexo, autoestima y satisfacción vital) y contextuales (apoyo social percibido y nivel de riesgo). La muestra está formada por 748 adolescentes, con edades comprendidas entre los 9 y 16 años (M = 11.93, SD = 1.42) procedentes de contextos con distinto nivel de riesgo social. Los resultados muestran que las expectativas futuras disminuyen a medida que aumenta la edad, con pocas diferencias encontradas en función del sexo. Autopercepciones y sentimientos de apoyo social más positivos se asocian a mejores expectativas futuras. En relación al nivel de riesgo, contextos más vulnerables tienen un efecto negativo en las expectativas futuras. Los análisis de regresión muestran la capacidad predictiva de las variables estudiadas. Finalmente, el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales confirma el efecto causal positivo del ajuste psicológico y del apoyo social percibido, así como la influencia negativa de los contextos con mayores desventajas sociales, sobre las expectativas de futuro. Los resultados encontrados proponen la necesidad de instaurar programas preventivos orientados a fomentar los recursos personales de los niños, especialmente en aquellos que pertenecen a contextos vulnerables.(AU)


This paper analyzes adolescents’ future expectations (FE) and their relationship with personal variables (age, sex, self-esteem, and life sat-isfaction) and contextual variables (perceived social support and level of risk). The sample includes 748 adolescents, aged 9-16 (M= 11.93, SD= 1.42), coming from contexts with different levels of social risk. The results show that FE decrease as age increases, with few differences found based on sex. More positive self-perceptions and perceived social support are as-sociated with better FE. Concerning the level of risk, more vulnerable con-texts have a higher negative effect on FE. The regression analysis reveals the predictive capacity of the studied variables. The structural equation model confirms the positive causal effect of psychological adjustment and perceived social support, as well as the negative influence of contexts with greater social disadvantages on adolescent FE. The results suggest the need to establish preventive programs aimed at promoting personal resources of children, especially those who come from vulnerable contexts.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Motivação , Autoimagem , Satisfação Pessoal , Grau de Risco , Apoio Social , Psicologia do Adolescente
17.
Rev. psicol. clín. niños adolesc ; 10(3): 1-7, Septiembre 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-225801

RESUMO

Trait anxiety and self-esteem, as indicators of well-being, have been understudied in the literature that examines the relationship between emotional intelligence and well-being in adolescent development. Anxiety and self-esteem are emotion-based factors in adolescent personality and are expected to be related to Trait Emotional Intelligence (TEI) as an adaptive emotion-based capacity. The objective of the study is to examine the unique contributions of TEI on trait anxiety and self-esteem in adolescents in the context of personality. The study involved 807 adolescents ages 16-19 from central Slovakia and examined the predictive relationship of TEI (as measured by the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire, TEIQue-ASF) separately on self-esteem and on trait anxiety after considering broad based personality (as measured by the Freiburger´s Personality Inventory, FPI) and cognitive abilities (assessed by Amthauer´s Intelligence Structure Test, IST). The results showed that TEI has strong bivariate correlations with both trait anxiety (r =-.65) and self-esteem (r = .62) that maintained significance in the regression analyses. With trait anxiety as a dependent variable the explained variance by TEIQue-ASF factors above personality traits was 6%. With self-esteem as the dependent variable TEIQue-ASF factors explained a greater amount of variance (9%) with none of the personality traits as significant. The overall findings suggest that TEI is an important factor in adolescent well-being through its associations with lower trait anxiety and higher self-esteem. (AU)


La ansiedad de rasgo y la autoestima, como indicadores del bienestar, han sido poco estudiadas en la literatura que examina la relación entre la inteligencia emocional y el bienestar en el desarrollo adolescente. La ansiedad y la autoestima son factores emocionales que contribuyen a la personalidad adolescente y se espera que estén relacionadas con la Inteligencia Emocional de Rasgo (IER), siendo ésta una capacidad adaptativa basada en las emociones. El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar las contribuciones únicas de la IER en la ansiedad de rasgo y la autoestima en adolescentes en el contexto de la personalidad. El estudio involucró a 807 adolescentes de entre 16 y 19 años de edad de la región central de Eslovaquia, y examinó la relación predictiva de la IER (medida por el Cuestionario de Inteligencia Emocional de Rasgo, TEIQue), en la autoestima, por un lado, y la ansiedad de rasgo, por el otro, después de considerar la personalidad de base amplia (medida por el Inventario de Personalidad de Freiburger, FPI). Los resultados mostraron que la IER correlaciona de manera robusta y bivariada tanto con la ansiedad de rasgo (r = -.65) como con la autoestima (r = .62), manteniendo su significancia en los análisis de regresión. Considerando a la ansiedad de rasgo como variable dependiente, la varianza explicada, a partir de los componentes del TEIQue y por encima de los factores de personalidad, fue del 6%. Con la autoestima como variable dependiente, los componentes de TEIQue explicaron una mayor cantidad de varianza (9%) sin que ninguno de los factores de personalidad fuera significativo. En general, los hallazgos sugieren que la IER es un factor importante en el bienestar adolescente a través de sus asociaciones con una menor ansiedad de rasgo y una mayor autoestima. (AU


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Inteligência Emocional , Autoimagem , Ansiedade/psicologia , Eslováquia/etnologia , Testes Psicológicos
18.
Rev. psicol. deport ; 32(3): 1-18, Sept 3, 2023. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-226593

RESUMO

The concept of resilience has a crucial role in various aspects of individuals' lives, including physical exercise, self-efficacy, self-esteem, body image, and overall welfare. The importance of this factor in assisting athletes in effectively navigating the demands of sports performance should not be underestimated. The present study aims to investigate the effects of consistent physical exercise and participation in competitive activities on an individual's psychological resilience. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on a sample of 329 participants, consisting of 229 individuals who engaged in regular exercise and 100 individuals who did not exercise. The participants were selected from athletics club members and college students. The Resilience Scale and Physical Self-Efficacy Questionnaire were administered to theparticipants using a survey conducted through Google Forms. Prior informed consent was obtained from all participants. The findings suggest that those in the regular exercise group had enhanced emotional impulse control, heightened positive emotions, improved communication skills, more empathy, and greater self-improvement in comparison to those in the non-exercise group. In a similar vein, individuals who took part in competitive activities had a significant improvement in their ability to regulate their emotional impulses, showed a greater understanding and management of positive emotions, exhibited improved communication abilities, displayed heightened empathetic capacities, and experienced enhanced personal growth compared to those who did not participate. The aforementioned results highlight the beneficial impact of consistent physical activity in strengthening one's psychological resilience, which is consistent with previous research that has demonstrated exercise's ability to reduce stress and enhanceresilience. This study highlights the positive associations between consistent physical activity, engagement in competitive sports, and increased psychological resilience among athletes. Examining these connections offers practical knowledge for athletes and sports professionals aiming to enhance their psychological well-being and performance in demanding environm.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resiliência Psicológica , Autoeficácia , Autoimagem , Imagem Corporal , Exercício Físico , Desempenho Atlético , Esportes , Psicologia do Esporte , Atletas/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Emoções , Empatia , Atividade Motora
19.
Span. j. psychol ; 26: [e26], August -September 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-226896

RESUMO

The main objective of this study was to analyze the differences between older adults’ symptom profiles (subclinical, anxiety, depressive, and comorbid) in negative aging self-stereotypes, loneliness, and feelings of guilt associated with self-perception as a burden. Participants were 310 community-dwelling people aged 60 years and over. The sample was grouped into four symptom profiles of older adults: anxiety, depressive, comorbid anxiety-depression, and subclinical symptoms. We carried out multinomial logistic regression analyses to analyze the role of assessed variables in the explanation of the four symptom profiles. Older adults who reported a comorbid symptomatology presented higher negative aging self-stereotypes and feelings of loneliness than the other three profiles. Compared with the subclinical profile, older adults who reported clinical symptomatology (anxiety, depressive, and comorbid profile) presented higher feelings of guilt associated with self-perception as a burden. The findings of this study suggest potential associations that may contribute to understanding and treating comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms in older adults. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Envelhecimento/psicologia , Culpa , Solidão/psicologia , Autoimagem , Ansiedade/psicologia , Depressão/psicologia
20.
Metas enferm ; 26(7): 49-56, Sept. 2023. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-224704

RESUMO

Objetivo: analizar la autopercepción de la salud mental y el consumo de drogas lícitas en jóvenes de una universidad pública de México.Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en 308 jóvenes universitarios de Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche (México). Para la recogida de los datos se utilizó un formulario ad hoc de datos personales e historial del consumo de drogas lícitas y el Cuestionario de Salud General (GHQ-12). Se realizaron análisis bivariante y se aplicaron test de contraste de hipótesis (Chi cuadrado y U de Man Whitney).Resultados: la media de la puntuación global del GHQ fue 14,02. El 81,8% había consumido alcohol y el 49,4% tabaco alguna vez en la vida. El 53,9% presentaba ausencia de psicopatología. La presencia era mayor en las mujeres que en los hombres (10,9% frente a 4,5%; p= 0,038). Los valores promedio delGHQ-12 fueron más altos en quienes habían consumido alcohol alguna vez en su vida (14,3; p= 0,037) y en el último año (14,09; p= 0,04), y en quienes habían fumado alguna vez en su vida (15,22; p= 0,048) o en el último año (14,88; p= 0,043).Conclusión: existen diferencias significativas de la autopercepción de la salud mental y el consumo de drogas lícitas, reportándose puntuaciones mayores en jóvenes que han consumido alcohol y tabaco alguna vez en la vida y en último año. Los resultados ayudan a comprender la magnitud del fenómeno en este grupo poblacional y que puede ser un factor determinante para el estado de salud biológico, psicológico y social, por lo que se requiere un abordaje integral.(AU)


Objective: to analyse the self-perception of mental health and use of legal drugs in young students from a public university in Mexico. Method: a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 308 young university students from Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche (Mexico). An ad hoc form about personal details and history of use of legal drugs was used for data collection, as well as the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Bivariate analysis was conducted, and hypothesis tests (Chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U).Results: the overall mean score in the GHQ was 14.02; 81.8% of them had consumed alcohol and 49% had smoked at some point in their lives, while 53.9% presented lack of psychopathology. Presence was higher in women than in men (10.9% vs. 4.5%; p= 0.038). The average values of GHQ-12 were higher among those who had consumed alcohol at some point in their lives (14.3; p= 0.037) and during the past year (14.09; p= 0.04), and in those who had smoked at some point in their lives (15.22; p= 0.048) or during the past year (14.88; p= 0.043).Conclusion: there are significant differences in the self-perception of mental health and use of legal drugs, with higher scores reported among young persons who have consumed alcohol and smoked at some point in their lives and during the past year. Results help to understand the extent of the phenomenon in this population group, and that this can be a determining factor for the biologic, psychological and social health status; therefore, an integral approach is required.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Estudantes/psicologia , Abuso Oral de Substâncias , Drogas Ilícitas , Saúde Mental , Autoimagem , Bebidas Alcoólicas , Saúde do Estudante , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Transversais , México , Uso de Tabaco , Consumo de Álcool por Menores
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