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1.
Psicol. educ. (Madr.) ; 30(1): 11-18, Ene. 2024. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-228957

RESUMO

Learning potential can be used to assess and provide direction for action in diverse populations in modern educational settings. This study examined the relationship between the EHPAP dynamic evaluation scale and cognitive abilities (linguistic development, specific cognitive abilities, and executive functioning) in typically developing preschool children. Linear regression models indicated that children’s cognitive abilities formed part of the prediction of their independent performance in tasks before and after mediation. The abilities that formed part of the predictions were related to general linguistic development, specific cognitive functions, and executive functioning. Age as a predictive factor only contributed to verbal planning. This study examined the contribution of these variables in different EHPAP scales. (AU)


El potencial de aprendizaje se puede utilizar para evaluar y orientar la acción en diversas poblaciones en entornos educativos modernos. Este estudio analiza la relación entre la escala de evaluación dinámica EHPAP y las habilidades cognitivas (desarrollo lingüístico, habilidades cognitivas específicas y funcionamiento ejecutivo) en niños en edad preescolar con un desarrollo típico. Los modelos de regresión lineal indican que las habilidades cognitivas de los niños forman parte de la predicción de su desempeño independiente en tareas antes y después de la mediación. Las habilidades que formaban parte de las predicciones estaban relacionadas con el desarrollo lingüístico general, las funciones cognitivas específicas y el funcionamiento ejecutivo. La edad como factor predictivo solo contribuye a la planificación verbal. Este estudio analiza la contribución de estas variables en diferentes escalas EHPAP. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Aprendizagem , Avaliação Educacional , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Aptidão , Linguística , Cognição
2.
Quad. psicol. (Bellaterra, Internet) ; 26(1): e2051, 2024. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-232361

RESUMO

This study was to examine the prospective associations between coach-athlete relationship (CAR) and life skills development in youth handball players. This study employed a longitudinal research design. A total of 78 male handball players completed the Life Skills Scale for Sport and the Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire over three waves of data collection: start of the season; midseason and end of the season. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance Pearson’s Correlation and Linear Multiple Regression (p<.05). The findings indicated the three dimensions of CAR seem to have higher effect on life skills subscales as the season progressed (i.e., higher effect on life skills at T3 compared to T2 and T1). Commitment and Complementarity were positively associated with several life skills subscales at all three timepoints. Results suggest that the quality of the CAR is an important determinant for the de-velopment of life skills in youth handball players across the sports season. (AU)


Este estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar las posibles asociaciones entre la relación entrena-dor-atleta (CAR) y el desarrollo de habilidades para la vida en jugadores juveniles de balon-mano. Este estudio empleó un diseño de investigación longitudinal. Un total de 78 jugadores masculinos de balonmano completaron la Escala de Habilidades para la Vida Deportiva y la Es-cala de Entrenadores. Cuestionario sobre la relación con los atletas en tres oleadas de recopi-lación de datos: inicio de la temporada; mitad de temporada y final de temporada. Los datos se analizaron mediante análisis multivariado de varianza, correlación de Pearson y regresión lineal múltiple (p<0,05). Los hallazgos indicaron que las tres dimensiones de CAR parecen te-ner un mayor efecto en las subescalas de habilidades para la vida a medida que avanzaba la temporada (es decir, un mayor efecto sobre las habilidades para la vida en T3 en comparación con T2 y T1). El compromiso y la complementariedad se asociaron positivamente con varias subescalas de habilidades para la vida en los tres momentos. Los resultados sugieren que la ca-lidad del CAR es un determinante importante para el desarrollo de habilidades para la vida en jugadores juveniles de balonmano a lo largo de la temporada deportiva. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Relações Interpessoais , Atletas , Aptidão , Tutoria , Brasil , Estudos Prospectivos
3.
Rev. psicol. trab. organ. (1999) ; 39(3): 121-130, Dic. 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-228567

RESUMO

In talent management, predicting high potential (HP) is one of the most important questions human resources professionals face. The main goal of this study was to analyze which competences predict employees’ HP and whether these competences differ by gender. The study analyzed 806 employees in the Spanish branch of a multinational service firm that employs over 6,000 employees. Participants, were classified as HP using a questionnaire about eight competences identified as key to the firm’s talent management (TM) and divided into two categories: cognitive-intrapersonal and emotional-interpersonal, and assessment interviews of supervisors. Results indicate that the competences in the cognitive-intrapersonal category contribute greater weight in predicting HP. More specifically, competences of Initiative, Appetite for learning, and Thinking beyond boundaries were significantly related to the HP criterion. The competences that were significant by gender were also analyzed. Application of these results, as well as the study’s limitations and recommendations for future research, are discussed.(AU)


En la gestión del talento, predecir un alto potencial (AP) es una de las cuestiones más importantes a las que se enfrentan los profesionales de recursos humanos. El objetivo principal de este estudio ha sido analizar qué competencias predicen el AP de los empleados y si estas competencias difieren en función del género. El estudio analiza a 806 empleados de la sucursal española de una empresa multinacional de servicios que emplea a más de 6,000 trabajadores. Los participantes fueron clasificados como AP mediante un cuestionario sobre ocho competencias identificadas como clave para la gestión del talento de la empresa y entrevistas de evaluación a supervisores, y divididas en dos categorías: cognitivo-intrapersonal y emocional-interpersonal. Los resultados indican que las competencias de la categoría cognitivo-intrapersonal aportan un mayor peso en la predicción del AP. Más concretamente, las competencias de iniciativa, hambre de aprender y pensar más allá de los límites se relacionaban significativamente con el criterio de AP. También se analizaron las competencias que resultaron significativas en función del género. Se discute la aplicación de estos resultados, así como las limitaciones del estudio y las recomendaciones para futuras investigaciones.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Aptidão , Relações Trabalhistas , /psicologia , Organizações , Emprego , Avaliação de Desempenho Profissional , Psicologia , Psicologia Social , Esgotamento Profissional , Desempenho Profissional
4.
Rev. int. med. cienc. act. fis. deporte ; 23(93): 185-199, nov.- dec. 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-230004

RESUMO

The objective of this study is to detect any performance factors in athletics throws between 1997 and 2015 in 662 throwers (15.67 ± 1.01 years of the National Program for Sports Technification of the Royal Spanish Athletics Federation using Machine Learning methods by means of algorithms (Logistic Regression, Random Forest and XG Boost). When examining the importance of the variables with reference to performance, the triple jump (0.20) stands out over the rest of the variables: backward overhead shot throw (0.14), arm span (0.11), vertical jump (0.10), body mass (0.20), height (0.07) and flexibility (0.03). In each discipline the triple jump takes the lead in shot put (0.20), discus (0.21) and hammer (0.29) throws, while backward overhead shot throw does in javelin, the variables rearranging themselves in a particular way depending on the discipline. These findings enable the early detection of potential talents as well as their subsequent sport specialization (AU)


El estudio aborda la detección de factores de rendimiento en los lanzamientos atléticos utilizando técnicas de Machine Learning, en 662 lanzadores (15,67 ± 1,01 años) del Programa Nacional de Tecnificación Deportiva de la Real Federación Española de Atletismo entre 1997 y 2015, mediante diferentes algoritmos (Logistic Regression, Random Forest y XGBoost). Al medir la importancia de las variables en función del rendimiento, el triple salto (0,20) destaca sobre el resto de variables: lanzamiento dorsal (0,14), envergadura (0,11), salto vertical (0,10), masa corporal, estatura (0,07) y flexibilidad (0,03). En cada disciplina, el triple salto encabeza la importancia en los lanzamientos de peso (0,20), disco (0,21) y martillo (0,29), mientras que el lanzamiento dorsal lo hace en la jabalina (0,20). Las variables se reordenande forma particular modificando su importancia para cada disciplina. Estos hallazgos permiten mejorar la detección inicial de posibles talentos, así como su posterior especialización deportiva (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Esportes Juvenis , Atletas , Desempenho Atlético , Aprendizado de Máquina , Aptidão
6.
Rev. psicol. deport ; 32(4): 245-253, Oct 15, 2023. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-228869

RESUMO

With the overall increase in the state's attention to quality of higher education teaching, overall teaching level for college physical education teachers has been greatly improved. However, it is influenced by traditional academic and teaching concepts, as well as school administrators do not pay attention to physical education teaching. The development for the teaching ability of college physical education teachers is still not optimistic. Therefore, paying attention to the teaching ability of physical education teachers has gradually become a practical problem that society and schools cannot ignore and must pay attention to. Among them, the evaluation for teaching ability of physical education teachers is the most important. With the reform of the Internet, there is much textual information on teaching of physical education teachers in colleges. By analyzing these texts, an evaluation of teachers' teaching ability can be obtained. This work combines this topic with a deep learning model, and proposes a text analysis model (PEAENet) for teaching ability evaluation of physical education teachers. The model first proposes an interactive multi-head attention to enhance interaction between aspect words as well as context. The attention of two aspects is calculated at the same time, including the attention of the context to the aspect word as well as aspect word attention to context. Second, this work combines Transformer's encoder structure with LSTM to obtain a more capable feature extraction module. In the label mapping stage, the label smoothing coefficient is introduced, which makes the model have stronger generalization ability.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Educação Física e Treinamento , Aptidão , Docentes/educação , Avaliação Educacional , Aprendizado Profundo
7.
Rev. psicol. deport ; 32(3): 61-70, Sept 3, 2023. ilus, graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-227444

RESUMO

Volunteers in sports, full-time workers in sports, trainers, coaches, and administrative support people all have varying levels of devotion to their employment and organizations. Athletes are encouraged to participate in sports by their coaches, parents, and trainers. This helps athletes maintain physical fitness and promote a healthy lifestyle in order to encourage better international and local collaboration. A sports company is made up of championships, players, a management board, local cooperation, leagues, sports clubs, and men's and women's teams that supervise and conduct the organization's activities. Protecting the rights of sport's athletes is the responsibility of sports organizations, whether temporary or permanent. The purposive sample approach and snowball sampling were used in the research design to acquire data. Purposive sampling has helped researchers to find responders who are familiar with the field of expertise, based on the appropriate degree of knowledge necessary. A questionnaire was used to obtain the information. A total of fifty people took part in this study. Out of the 50 people who responded, 35 were men and 15 were women. SEM PLS 3.3.7v was used to evaluate the collected data. The findings revealed a substantial positive relationship between the factors.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Tênis , Tutoria/métodos , Atletismo , Academias de Ginástica/organização & administração , Aptidão , Esportes , Psicologia do Esporte , Inquéritos e Questionários
8.
Rev. psicol. deport ; 32(3): 90-99, Sept 3, 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-227447

RESUMO

The essential purpose of this research study is to determine the digital coaching and mental skills development in sports. This research study also describes the harnessing power of information technology between them. This research depends upon primary research data analysis for measuring the research develop different research questions related to the variables. Digital coaching and mental skills development are independent variables; the sport and information technology are dependent variables. To determine the research study used, SPSS software results determine descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA test analysis, the regression analysis, and control chart related to dependent and independent variables. The overall result found that digital coaching shows a positive also significant link in sport harnessing of information technology. Mental skills development also shows a direct link in sports related to information technology.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Aptidão , Tecnologia da Informação , Esportes/psicologia , Psicologia do Esporte
9.
Rev. psicol. deport ; 32(3): 254-264, Sept 3, 2023. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-227461

RESUMO

In light of contemporary developments, the convergence of sports and medicine has emerged as a novel proposition and healthcare concept in the modern era. The realization and execution of this concept necessitate active involvement from diverse sectors of society, with a particular emphasis on the indispensable role of physical education programs within colleges and universities. Against this backdrop, the present study was devised to assess the factors conducive to enhancing the integration of sports and medicine through talent development. Consequently, a cross-sectional research design was employed, and quantitative data were gathered from Chinese students via a simple random sampling technique. The collected data were subsequently subjected to examination using Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis. The findings underscore the support for all stipulated hypotheses in the study. These results hold significant implications for the transformation and advancement of physical education curricula within higher education institutions.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Medicina Esportiva , Educação Física e Treinamento , Aptidão , Universidades , Psicologia do Esporte , Esportes , Estudos Transversais , China , Estudantes
10.
Ansiedad estrés ; 29(2): 88-93, May-Agos. 2023. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-223609

RESUMO

Antecedentes: la vinculación entre el estrés, la ansiedad y el rendimiento deportivo constituye un relevante tema de interés en el área de la psicología deportiva, si bien existe poca evidencia acerca de cómo diferentes variables pueden afectar a los niveles de ansiedad y así alterar el rendimiento deportivo. Objetivo: comparar las relaciones existentes entre las características psicológicas relacionadas con el rendimiento deportivo y ansiedad precompetitiva en una muestra de deportistas federados y no federados que difieren en sexo, edad y deporte practicado. Método: en este estudio han participado 202 deportistas con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 30 años (X = 22,35; DT = 3,69) que practican fútbol, baloncesto, atletismo y/o natación. Resultados: se ha encontrado que existe relación entre las habilidades psicológicas relacionadas con el rendimiento deportivo y la ansiedad precompetitiva. Asimismo, se ha hallado que solo existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la ansiedad somática dependiendo de si el deporte practicado es individual o grupal, así como diferencias en los niveles de ansiedad precompetitiva según el sexo, si bien no hay relación diferencial en los niveles de ansiedad respecto a la edad. Conclusiones: a través de este estudio se ha pretendido aportar más evidencia empírica al ámbito de la psicología deportiva y se valoran sus beneficios.(AU)


Introduction: The link between stress, anxiety and sports performance is a relevant topic of interest in the area of sports psychology, although there is little evidence about how different variables can affect anxiety levels and thus alter sports performance. Objective: Compare the relationships between psychological characteristics related to sports performance and pre-competitive anxiety in a sample of federated and non-federated athletes differing in sex, age and sport practiced. Method: 202 sportsmen and women aged between 18 and 30 years (X = 22.35; SD = 3.69) who play football, basketball, athletics and/or swimming participated. Results: it was found that there is a relationship between psychological skills related to sports performance and pre-competitive anxiety. Likewise, it was found that there are only statistically significant differences in somatic anxiety depending on whether the sport practised is individual or group, as well as differences in the levels of pre-competitive anxiety by gender, although there is no differential relationship in the levels of anxiety with respect to age. Conclusions: the aim of this study is to provide more empirical evidence to the field of sport psychology and to assess its benefits.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Psicologia do Esporte , Desempenho Atlético , Atletas , Ansiedade , Adaptação Psicológica , Aptidão , Esportes , Psicologia , Estresse Psicológico , Natação/psicologia , Futebol/psicologia , Basquetebol/psicologia , Atletismo/psicologia
11.
Rev. Fund. Educ. Méd. (Ed. impr.) ; 26(supl.1): s77-s82, Juli. 2023. ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-226596

RESUMO

Introducción: Desde hace unos años, tanto en grupos grandes como pequeños, y principalmente en clases en línea, se hapuesto en práctica la metodología ‘SLIDE-4-U’ o ‘una diapositiva para ti’ (2020PID-UB/023), con el objetivo de implicar alestudiante en su propio proceso de aprendizaje y en el de sus compañeros. Se consiguió mediante la participación delalumnado en la explicación en clase de diapositivas específicamente diseñadas para este fin. Métodos: La experiencia se llevó a cabo en el primer semestre del curso 2021-22 en la asignatura Nutrición Molecular delgrado de Nutrición Humana y Dietética (Universitat de Barcelona). Se preparó una sesión de seminario presencial centrada en inmunonutrición. El profesor dirigió la sesión seleccionando de forma aleatoria al estudiante, que debía explicar ladiapositiva sin preparación previa. Las explicaciones del alumnado fueron complementadas o corregidas por el profesordurante el desarrollo de la actividad. Al final del seminario se realizó una encuesta de opinión en la que se constató labuena aceptación de esta iniciativa (puntuaciones medias superiores a 4,2 sobre 5). Resultados: El alumnado consideró que era un reto explicar una diapositiva sin prepararla previamente y que este hecho,asociado a no saber quién haría la explicación, había provocado un cierto clima de nerviosismo. Ahora bien, la mayoríaestaba de acuerdo en que los esquemas/imágenes aportados fueron suficientes para poder desarrollar la actividad y quelas explicaciones hechas por los compañeros eran suficientemente correctas. Asimismo, también valoraban positivamente la participación del profesor a la hora de completar las explicaciones de sus compañeros. En general, la metodologíautilizada hizo que el alumnado fuera más consciente de que las diapositivas tienen una estructura y un objetivo, y de ladificultad de comunicar correctamente...(AU)


Introduction: Lately, both in large and small groups and mainly in online classes, the 'SLIDE-4-U' or 'one slide for you' methodology (2020PID-UB/023) has been put into practice, with the aim of involving the student in their own learning process and that of their classmates. It is achieved through the participation of the students in the explanation of slides in class, specially designed for this purpose. Methods: The experience was carried out in the first semester of the 2021-22 academic year in the subject Molecular Nutrition of the Human Nutrition and Dietetics degree (Universitat de Barcelona). A face-to-face seminar session focused on immunonutrition was prepared with this type of material. The teacher led the session by randomly selecting the student, who had to explain the slide without prior preparation. The explanations of the students were complemented and/or corrected by the teacher, during the development of the activity. At the end of the seminar, an opinion survey was carried out in which the good acceptance of this initiative was verified (average scores higher than 4.2 out of 5). Results: The students considered that it was a challenge to explain a slide without previously preparing it, and that this fact, associated with not knowing who would do the explanation, had caused a certain climate of nervousness. However, the majority agreed that the diagrams/images provided were sufficient to be able to carry out the activity and that the explanations made by the classmates were correct enough. Likewise, they also positively valued the teacher's participation when completing the explanations of their classmates. In general, the methodology used made the students more aware that the slides have a structure and an objective, and of the difficulty of communicating correctly...(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Educação a Distância , Aptidão , Alfabetização Digital , Autoaprendizagem como Assunto , Dinamização , Docentes/educação , Espanha , Educação Médica , Aprendizagem , Educação/métodos
12.
Rev. psicol. deport ; 32(2): 29-38, Jun 20, 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-222930

RESUMO

The research study aims to determine the impact of sport-specific imagery on skill acquisition and performance. Based on the primary data analysis for collecting the research data, this study used questions related to the independent and dependent variables. The sport-specific imagery is the main independent variable, and skill acquisition is a mediator between them. Performance is the main dependent variable for measuring the result. For this purpose, SPSS software generated informative results related to the variables. The result shows that descriptive statistics, pair correlation, variance ratio analysis, the regression analysis also present the graphical analysis between them. The overall research study found sport-specific imagery's direct and significant impact on skill acquisition and performance. The resulting study also found that skill acquisition plays a vital role in performance.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Esportes , Desempenho Atlético , Aptidão , Imagens, Psicoterapia , Imagem Eidética
13.
Rev. psicol. deport ; 32(2): 115-124, Jun 20, 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-222939

RESUMO

Everyone's health is highly important. Dealing with health issues is just as important as dealing with financial ones. Any country's economic survival is totally based on its own economic strategy. The primary purpose of research on the relationship between exercise and fitness, as well as its influence on economic survival, is to help us understand the value and importance of exercise and physical fitness in our lives. It is hard to refute the benefits of exercise and physical activity on one's health. The study of differences in physical fitness and activity between men and women. The independent factors in this study include exercise and physical fitness, while the dependent variable is economic survival. The data was analysed using AMOS 26v. Because there were three hypothesis statements in this research, the findings showed that the variables had a positive and significant link.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Economia , Atividade Motora , Estilo de Vida , Aptidão , Psicologia do Esporte
14.
Hipertens. riesgo vasc ; 40(2): 58-64, abr.-jun. 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-220587

RESUMO

Introduction: Arterial hypertension (AHT), a leading risk factor in terms of attributable mortality, is a major public health problem, especially for primary care where most patients are diagnosed and followed up. Correct AHT diagnosis requires adequate theoretical knowledge and technical skills in physicians and nurses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and skills used in initial AHT diagnosis by health professionals and to describe the factors that contribute to variability. Methodology: Cross-sectional observational study in a sample of 385 primary care physicians and nurses recruited in a Catalan health region. Using a validated questionnaire called ARC, we evaluated theoretical knowledge and analysed factors that may contribute to response variability. We also evaluated practical measurement skills using objective structured clinical examination tests. Results: Medical and nursing primary care professionals had deficient knowledge and skills for initial AHT diagnosis and measurement, despite self-perceiving their knowledge to be sufficient. However, professionals who had received postgraduate or other AHT training in the previous year scored better in the ARC questionnaire. Conclusions: The results of this study point to insufficient AHT expertise to ensure quality clinical practice, suggesting that ongoing theoretical and practical training needs to be improved. (AU)


Introducción: La hipertensión arterial (HTA) es un factor de riesgo destacado en términos de mortalidad atribuible, y un gran problema de salud pública, en especial para la atención primaria, donde se diagnostica y se realiza el seguimiento a la mayoría de los pacientes. El diagnóstico correcto de HTA requiere un conocimiento teórico y una competencia técnica adecuados por parte de médicos y enfermeros. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el conocimiento y las competencias aplicados al diagnóstico inicial de HTA por parte de los profesionales sanitarios, así como describir los factores que contribuyen a la variabilidad. Metodología: Estudio observacional transversal de una muestra de 385 médicos y enfermeros de atención primaria seleccionados en una región sanitaria de Cataluña. Utilizando un cuestionario validado denominado ARC, evaluamos el conocimiento técnico y analizamos los factores que probablemente contribuyen a la variabilidad de la respuesta. También evaluamos las técnicas prácticas de medición utilizando una prueba de examen clínico objetivo. Resultados: Los profesionales médicos y enfermeros de atención primaria tenían un conocimiento deficiente para realizar el diagnóstico y la medición iniciales de HTA, a pesar de autopercibir que dicho conocimiento es suficiente. Sin embargo, los profesionales que recibieron formación de posgrado en HTA durante el último año obtuvieron una mejor puntuación en el cuestionario ARC. Conclusiones: Los resultados de este estudio señalan una experiencia insuficiente sobre HTA para garantizar una práctica clínica de calidad, lo cual demuestra que debe mejorarse la formación teórica y práctica continua. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hipertensão/diagnóstico , Conhecimento , Aptidão , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Espanha , Pessoal de Saúde , Atenção Primária à Saúde
15.
Sportis (A Coruña) ; 9(2): 302-319, may. 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-220051

RESUMO

Junto al hecho de que el método de aprendizaje clásico se ha utilizado durante muchos años en el ámbito de deportes como el taekwondo, ha habido búsquedas e intentos de enfoques de enseñanza no convencionales. Uno de ellos es el enfoque de aprendizaje diferencial. En el enfoque de aprendizaje diferencial es importante que las repeticiones varíen y que se preste atención a la base de la técnica más que a la ejecución perfecta del movimiento. Examinando la literatura, no se ha encontrado ningún estudio que investigue los resultados del programa de entrenamiento de taekwondo aplicado con un enfoque de aprendizaje diferencial, a pesar de que la contribución positiva del enfoque de aprendizaje diferencial en la literatura ha sido apoyada por otras ramas. El propósito del estudio fue investigar el efecto del entrenamiento de taekwondo aplicado con un enfoque de aprendizaje diferencial sobre las habilidades técnicas de los taekwondistas de categoría estrella de 12-14 años. Participaron en la investigación un total de 16 taekwondistas con cinturón rojo-negro de la categoría estrella de 12-14 años y con una licencia de al menos 3 años. En esta investigación cuantitativa, se utilizó un método de investigación semi experimental sobre el terreno con un grupo de estudio que incluía los modelos pre-test y post-test. La Prueba de Wilcoxon se utilizó para examinar las diferencias entre la prueba previa y posterior los valores de prueba los jugadores de taekwondo.Cuando se examinaron los hallazgos, se ha determinado que el enfoque de aprendizaje diferencial tiene un efecto positivo en el desarrollo de las habilidades técnicas de los atletas de taekwondo. (AU)


Alongside the fact that the classical learning method has been used for many years in the area of sports such as tae-kwon-do, there have been searches and attempts for unconventional approaches to teaching. One of these is the differential learning approach, it is important the repetitions vary in the differential learning approach and that the attention is given to the basis of the technique rather than the perfect execution of the move. Examining the literature, no study has been found which investigates the outcomes of the taekwondo training program applied with a differential learning approach despite the fact that other branches have supported the positive contribution of the differential learning approach in the literature. The aim of this research is to examine the effect of differential learning on the technical skill development of male and female taekwondo players with red-black belts in the 12-14 age group. A total of 16 taekwondo players, who have a red-black belt in the 12-14 age group star category and have a license of at least three years, participated in the research. In this quantitative research, the pre-test and post-test study group models (within quasi-experimental design) was used. Wilcoxon Test was used to examine the pre-test and post-test between the test values of taekwondo players. When the findings were examined, the differential learning approach has a positive effect on the technical skill development of the female and male taekwondo athletes. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Exercício Físico , Artes Marciais , Aprendizagem , Atletas , Aptidão
16.
Rev. psicol. trab. organ. (1999) ; 39(1): 1-5, Abr. 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-219172

RESUMO

Emilio Mira y López (1896-1964) was the great international figure of Spanish applied psychology in the first half of the 20th century. His work “The selection of drivers for the Bus General Company” (1922) was a key contribution to the development of personnel selection and the evaluation of professional skills in Spain. Another relevant work, but scarcely cited, has been “Initiation of school children in social life. Necessity of establishing vocational guidance schools or institutes. Means for their creation and development”, to which this article is dedicated. Mira’s work consists of three parts (a) the social preparation of the child at school, (b) the need to establish vocational guidance schools or institutes, and (c) the means for its creation and development. Mira makes a distinction between guidance and selection tasks and discusses various practical aspects such as the minimum working hours of such centers, the structure of the guidance process, and the guidance functions of the center. Finally, the article summarizes Mira’s theoretical and practical contribution.(AU)


Emilio Mira y López (1896-1964) ha sido la gran figura internacional de la psicología aplicada española de la primera mitad del siglo XX. Su artículo, “La selección de conductores de la para la Compañía General de Autobuses” (1922) supuso una aportación fundamental para el desarrollo de la selección de personal y la evaluación psicológica de las capacidades profesionales en España. Otro trabajo relevante, pero escasamente citado, ha sido “Iniciación de la infancia escolar en la vida social. Necesidad de establecer escuelas o institutos de orientación profesional. Medios para su creación y desenvolvimiento”, al que está dedicado el presente artículo. El trabajo de Mira consta de tres partes (a) la preparación social del niño en la escuela, (b) la necesidad de establecer escuelas o institutos de orientación vocacional y (c) los medios para su creación y desarrollo. Mira hace una distinción entre las tareas de orientación y selección y aborda varios aspectos prácticos como las horas mínimas de trabajo de esos centros, la estructura del proceso de orientación y las funciones de orientación del centro. Finalmente, el artículo hace un resumen de la aportación teórica y práctica de Mira.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Psicologia Aplicada , Orientação Vocacional , Testes de Navegação Mental , Aptidão , Espanha , História do Século XX
17.
Rev. psicol. trab. organ. (1999) ; 39(1): 13-22, Abr. 2023. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-219174

RESUMO

The growing trend towards individual career management requires understanding the driving forces of career changes. In the current study we explore how personal resources, namely hope, optimism, self-efficacy, and social support are associated with the motivational construct of career empowerment, which in turn predicts employees’ behavioral (OCB, performance appraisal) and attitudinal (job engagement, life satisfaction) outcomes. We conducted a quantitative study in which 251 full- and part-time employees completed paper-and-pencil surveys measuring internal and external resources, and career empowerment. Our results indicate that the research variables are significantly and positively correlated with one another. Mediation analyses with competing models indicate that career empowerment is a partial mediator between personal resources and various outcomes. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.(AU)


La creciente tendencia hacia la gestión de la carrera profesional exige entender las fuerzas motrices de los cambios en dicha carrera. El estudio explora de qué modo se asocian los recursos personales, es decir, la esperanza, el optimismo, la autoeficacia y el apoyo social, con el constructo motivacional de empoderamiento de la carrera profesional, que a su vez predice los resultados comportamentales (conducta de ciudadanía ocupacional, valoración del desempeño) y actitudinales (compromiso laboral, satisfacción con la vida) de los empleados. Llevamos a cabo un estudio cuantitativo en el que 251 empleados a tiempo completo cumplimentaron cuestionarios de papel y lápiz que medían los recursos internos y externos, así como el empoderamiento profesional. Los resultados indican que las variables de la investigación correlacionan mutuamente de un modo positivo y significativo. Los análisis de mediación con otros modelos alternativos señalan que el empoderamiento profesional es un mediador parcial entre los recursos personales y diversos resultados. Se comentan las implicaciones teóricas y prácticas.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Escolha da Profissão , Esperança , Poder Psicológico , Apoio Social , Aptidão , Engajamento no Trabalho , Organizações , 24960 , Inquéritos e Questionários
18.
Cuad. psicol. deporte ; 23(2): 260-272, abril 2023. graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-219727

RESUMO

Este estudio investigaba el Efecto de la Edad Relativa (EEA) en atletas escolares, según categorías y género. Han sido analizados 1356 jugadores masculinos y 1044 femeninas (de 9 a 17 años) que participaron en competencias escolares en Minas Gerais-Brasil en 2018 y/o 2019 en las categorías Sub-11, Sub-14 y/o Sub-17. Los jugadores fueron divididos en cuartos, de acuerdo con el mes de nacimiento: Q1 (enero-marzo), Q2 (abril-junio), Q3 (julio-septiembre) y Q4 (octubre-diciembre). Se realizaron pruebas de chi-cuadrado para verificar la presencia de EEA. El nivel de significación fue 5%. La distribución observada difirió de la esperada cuando todos los jugadores fueron analizados juntos (p = 0.019; ⍵ = 0.06), y en los hombres, cuando los jugadores fueron analizados por género (p = 0.017; ⍵ = 0.09). En ambos casos se encontró una mayor proporción de jugadores nacidos en los primeros meses del año (p < 0.008). Los resultados indicaron una distribución desigual de nacimientos en la categoría Sub-11 (p < 0.001; ⍵ = 0.25), en la que deportistas nacidos en Q1 y Q2 fueron más frecuentes (p < 0.001). Cuando se analizaron juntos categoría y género, se observó que atletas nacidos en Q1 fueron más frecuentes que los deportistas nacidos en Q3 (p < 0.002) y Q4 (p < 0.001) en la Sub-11, independientemente del género (p < 0.002), pero no en las categorías Sub-14 y Sub-17. Teniendo en cuenta que el deporte escolar puede ser el primer paso para alcanzar mayores niveles competitivos, es importante instruir a los entrenadores sobre el EEA, con el fin de reducir las desigualdades en el acceso al deporte escolar. (AU)


This study investigated the Relative Age Effect (RAE) in school athletes, according to sex and age categories. Birthdates from 1356 male and 1044 female athletes (aged 9 to 17 years) who played scholar competitions in Minas Gerais-Brazil in 2018 and/or 2019 in categories Under-11, Under-14 and/or Under-17 were analyzed. Athletes were divided into quarters according to their month of birth: Q1 (January-March), Q2 (April-June), Q3 (July-September), and Q4 (October-December). Chi-squared tests were performed to verify the presence of RAE. The significance level was set at 5%. The observed distribution was different from expected when all athletes were analyzed together (p = 0.019; ⍵= 0.06), and in males when athletes were analyzed separately by sex (p = 0.017; ⍵= 0.09). Athletes born in the three first months of the year were more frequent in both cases (p < 0.008). The age category analyses indicated uneven distribution of births in Under-11 category (p < 0.001; ⍵= 0.25), where athletes born in Q1 and Q2 were more frequent (p < 0.001). When age category and sex were considered together, it was observed that athletes born in Q1 were more frequent than athletes born in Q3 (p < 0.002) and Q4 (p < 0.001) in the U-11 category regardless of sex (p < 0.002), but not in the Under-14 and Under-17 categories. Considering that school sport can be the first step towards achieving higher competitive levels, it is important to instruct coaches about RAE, in order to reduce inequalities in the access to school sport. (AU)


Este estudo investigou o Efeito da Idade Relativa (EIR) em atletas escolares, de acordo com categorias e sexo. Analisaram-se datas de nascimento de 1356 atletas do sexo masculino e 1044 do sexo feminino (de 9 a 17 anos) que participaram de competições escolares em Minas Gerais-Brasil em 2018 e/ou 2019 nas categorias Sub-11, Sub-14 e/ou Sub-17. Os atletas foram divididos em quartis, de acordo com o mês de nascimento: Q1 (janeiro-março), Q2 (abril-junho), Q3 (julho-setembro) e Q4 (outubro-dezembro). Realizaram-se testes de chi-quadrado para verificar a presença do EIR. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. A distribuição observada diferiu do esperado quando todos os atletas foram analisados em conjunto (p = 0.019; ⍵= 0.06), e no sexo masculino, quando os atletas foram analisados por sexo (p = 0.017; ⍵= 0.09). Encontrou-se maior proporção de atletas nascidos nos primeiros meses do ano em ambos os casos (p < 0.008). Os resultados indicaram uma distribuição desigual de nascimentos na categoria Sub-11 (p < 0.001; ⍵= 0.25), onde atletas nascidos nos Q1 e Q2 foram mais frequentes (p < 0.001). Quando a categoria e o sexo foram analisados conjuntamente, se observou que atletas nascidos no Q1 foram mais frequentes que atletas nascidos em Q3 (p < 0.002) e Q4 (p < 0.001) no Sub-11, independentemente do sexo (p < 0.002), mas não nas categorias Sub-14 e Sub-17. Considerando que o esporte escolar pode ser o primeiro passo para alcançar maiores níveis competitivos, é importante instruir os treinadores sobre o EIR, a fim de reduzir as desigualdades de oportunidades de acesso ao esporte escolar. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Esportes , Aptidão , Atividade Motora , Brasil , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Transversais
19.
Enferm. nefrol ; 26(1): 34-40, Mar 30, 2023. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-218437

RESUMO

Introducción: Desarrollar la habilidad para el cuidado por parte del cuidador principal del paciente en diálisis peritoneal requiere de un proceso de adaptación, en el que las intervenciones psicoeducativas son una estrategia importante.Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de una intervención psicoeducativa en la habilidad para el cuidado del cuidador principal.Material y Método: Estudio cuasi experimental, con un diseño prepost, con un único grupo. La muestra estuvo formada por 40 cuidadores de pacientes en diálisis peritoneal. Se analizaron habilidad del cuidado, de afrontamiento y de adaptación, preintervención y post-intervención, mediante el inventario de Habilidad de Cuidado y la escala de medición de Afrontamiento y Adaptación. La intervención consistió en un programa estructurado sobre estrategias para mejorar el proceso de afrontamiento, adaptación al rol y desarrollo de nuevas habilidades, por parte del cuidador, llevado a cabo por un equipo multidisciplinario. Se estudiaron, además, sexo, edad, estado civil, ocupación, parentesco, tiempo dedicado a recreación y tiempo dedicado al cuidado. Resultados: El cuidador fue principalmente mujer (80%, n=32), con dedicación al hogar 47,5% (n=19), y de estado civil casado, 62,5% (n=25). Encontramos diferencias pre y post intervención en la habilidad general (211,03 + 36,30 vs 230,60 + 16,72, p<0,001), y en la capacidad global de afrontamiento y adaptación (129,32 + 12,55 vs 136,70 + 16,28, p=<0,008).Conclusión: La intervención psicoeductiva aumenta las habilidades generales de cuidados y los mecanismos de afrontamiento y adaptación en los cuidadores de pacientes en diálisis peritoneal.(AU)


Introduction: Developing the caregiver’s ability to care for a patient undergoing peritoneal dialysis requires an adaptation process, in which psychoeducational interventions are important strategies.Objective: To evaluate the impact of a psychoeducational intervention on the caregiver’s ability to care for the patient. Material and Method: This quasi-experimental pre-post design study involved a single group of 40 caregivers of peritoneal dialysis patients. Caregiving, coping, and adaptation abilities were analyzed pre- and post-intervention using the Caregiving Ability Inventory and the Coping and Adaptation Scale. The intervention consisted of a structured program on strategies to improve coping, role adaptation, and the development of new skills by the caregiver, carried out by a multidisciplinary team. Gender, age, marital status, occupation, relationship to the patient, time spent on recreation, and time spent on caregiving were also studied.Results: The caregiver was mainly a woman (80%, n=32), 47,5% (n=19) were dedicated to the home, and 62,5% were married. Differences before and after the intervention in general ability (211,03 + 36,30 vs 230,60 + 16,72, p<0,001), and in the overall coping and adaptation ability (129,32 + 12,55 vs 136,70 + 16,28, p=<0,008) were found.Conclusion: Psychoeducational intervention increases general care skills and coping and adaptation mechanisms in caregivers of patients on peritoneal dialysis.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Cuidadores , Diálise Peritoneal , Adaptação Psicológica , Aptidão , Enfermagem em Nefrologia , Nefropatias
20.
Psicol. educ. (Madr.) ; 29(1): 91-99, Ene. 2023. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-215015

RESUMO

Writing and defending a thesis is a requirement to earn a university degree. Previous findings indicate that self-efficacy is related to academic performance. However, no existing tools register students’ perception of efficacy towards writing and defining academic texts. Our purpose was to develop and validate such a scale. Scale scores content, structural, convergent, and criterion-related validity as well as the measurement invariance across sex was evaluated using data from 418 students from 23 Spanish universities. Our findings showed that the scale holds a unidimensional structure that is invariant across sex. Data also supported the convergent validity, with correlations with self-efficacy and anxiety measures. The scale could track the effect of an educational intervention designed to improve students’ writing and defending academic texts skills, and the scores were related to performance on a writing task. Norms are provided to facilitate the interpretation of the scale scores.(AU)


Redactar y defender una tesina es un requisito para obtener un título universitario. La investigación previa indica que la autoeficacia está relacionada con el rendimiento académico. Sin embargo, no existen instrumentos que registren la percepción de la eficacia de los estudiantes para escribir y definir textos académicos. Nuestro objetivo fue desarrollar y validar una escala de este tipo. Se recopilaron pruebas de validez de contenido, estructural, convergente y de criterio y de invarianza de medida entre sexos, utilizando datos de 418 estudiantes de 23 universidades españolas. La escala presenta una estructura unidimensional invariante en cuanto al sexo. También se encontraron correlaciones con medidas de autoeficacia y ansiedad. La escala pudo seguir el efecto de una intervención educativa diseñada para mejorar las habilidades de escritura y defensa de textos académicos, y se encontró relación con el rendimiento en una tarea de escritura. Se proporcionan baremos para interpretar las puntuaciones.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Dissertações Acadêmicas como Assunto , Estudantes , Autoeficácia , Ansiedade , Redação , Aptidão , Comunicação , Espanha , Psicologia Educacional
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