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1.
Clin. transl. oncol. (Print) ; 24(10): 1881–1889, octubre 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-207944

RESUMO

All phases of carcinogenesis are affected by inflammation. Activation of the inflammasome is a crucial signaling mechanism that leads to acute and chronic inflammation. When specific nucleotide-binding domains, leucine-rich repeat-containing proteins (NLRs) are activated, inflammasomes are formed. The NLRP3 is one of the NLR family members with the most functional characterization. NLRP3 can modulate the immune systems, apoptosis, growth, and/or the gut microbiome to impact cancer development. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers, and it begins as a tissue overgrowth on the internal part of the rectum or colon. In vivo and in vitro studies showed that the NLRP3 inflammasome has a role in CRC development due to its broad activity in shaping immune responses. Here, onwards, we focus on the NLRP3 inflammasome role in CRC development, as well as the therapeutic prospective of modifying NLRP3 inflammasome in the context of anti-cancer therapy. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Neoplasias Colorretais , Inflamassomos , Inflamação , Fagocitose
3.
Allergol. immunopatol ; 48(1): 8-17, ene.-feb. 2020. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-186586

RESUMO

Introduction and objectives: LRBA deficiency is caused by loss of LRBA protein expression, due to either homozygous or compounds heterozygous mutations in LRBA. LRBA deficiency has been shown to affect vesicular trafficking and autophagy. To date, LRBA has been observed in the cytosol, Golgi apparatus and some lysosomes in LPS-stimulated murine macrophages. The objectives of the present study were to study the LRBA localization in organelles involved in vesicular traffic, phagocytosis, and autophagy in mononuclear phagocytes (MP). Materials and methods: We analyzed LRBA colocalization with different endosomes markets using confocal microscopy in MP. We used the autophagy inhibitors to determine the role of LRBA in formation, maturation or degradation of the autophagosome. Results: LRBA intracellular trafficking depends on the activity of the GTPase ADP ribosylation factor-1 (ARF) in MP. LRBA was identified in early, late endosomes but did not colocalize strongly with lysosomal markers. Although LRBA appears not to be recruited during the phagocytic cargo uptake, it greatly colocalized with the microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3) under a steady state and this decreased after the induction of autophagy flux. Although the use of inhibitors of lysosome fusion did not restore the LRBA/LC3 colocalization, inhibitors of either early to late endosomes trafficking or PI3K pathway did. Conclusions: Taken together, our results show that LRBA is located in endomembrane system vesicles, mainly in the early and late endosomes. Although LRBA appears not to be involved in the phagocytic uptake, it is recruited in the early steps of the autophagy flux


No disponible


Assuntos
Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia , Síndromes de Imunodeficiência/complicações , Diferenciação Celular , Endossomos , Microscopia Confocal/métodos , Autofagossomos , Fatores de Ribosilação do ADP , Fagocitose , Western Blotting , Sistema Fagocitário Mononuclear
4.
Educ. med. (Ed. impr.) ; 18(2): 136-143, abr.-jun. 2017.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-194238

RESUMO

Celebramos en este año de 2016 el centenario de la muerte de una de las grandes figuras de la medicina, surgidas a finales del siglo XIX y a principios del XX, Elias Metchnikoff, Premio Nobel con Paul Ehrlich en 1908. El objetivo de este trabajo es el de rendir un homenaje a su figura con motivo de este aniversario. Metchnikoff fue quien descubrió y describió el fenómeno de la fagocitosis y en función de ello ha sido considerado como el «padre de la inmunidad celular». En paralelo fue quien acuñó la palabra «gerontología», aplicándola al estudio del envejecimiento en toda su extensión y en cualquiera de sus formas, lo que le convirtió en un pionero del trabajo interdisciplinar. Consideraba que las bacterias intestinales generaban una autointoxicación que envenenaba nuestro organismo y que la acidificación del mismo a través de los bacilos ácidos que contienen los yogures podría contribuir a mantener la salud y a prolongar la vida


This year, 2016, we celebrate the centenary of the death of Elie Metchnikoff, Nobel Prize winner in 1908, shared with Paul Ehrlich. The aim of this paper is to pay homage to one of the most significant figures in biomedicine, living between the late nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries. The Metchnikoff's fame arises from the discovery of phagocytes and their role in host protection against infection, and for this reason he has been called the "Father of Natural Immunity". In other field in his studies, he describes and applies the word "gerontology". He emphasises the practical value of the study of old age. He believed that bacterial putrefaction of our intestine could be the cause of illness in aging, and he proposed hygienic habits and consumption of yogurts as the main way to fight against it. A diet with a high content of acid bacillus would be the best way to postpone the age of death, retaining the vigour, and not requiring assistance during old age


Assuntos
Humanos , Imunidade Celular , Fagocitose , Envelhecimento , Imunidade Inata , Envelhecimento Saudável , Prêmio Nobel , História da Medicina
5.
Int. microbiol ; 20(4): 170-177, abr.-jun. 2017. graf, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-173285

RESUMO

In this study we assessed the interaction of different strains of Bacillus cereus with murine peritoneal macrophages and cultured phagocytic cells (Raw 264.7 cells). Association, internalization, intracellular survival, routing of bacteria to different compartments and expression of MHCII were assessed in cells infected with different strains of B. cereus in vegetative form. Association values (adhering + internalized bacteria) and phagocytosis were higher for strain B10502 than those for strains 2 and M2. However, after 90 min interaction, intracellular survival was higher for strain 2 than for strains M2 and B10502. Acquisition of lysosomal markers by B. cereus containing vacuoles (BcCV), assessed by LAMP1 and Lysotracker labelling occurred shortly after internalization. The highest ratio of LAMP1(+)-BcCV was found for strain M2. This strain was able to survive longer than strain B10502 which routes to LAMP1 containing vacuoles to a lesser extent. In addition, strain M2 stimulated expression of MHCII by infected cells. Confocal analyses 60 or 90 min post-infection showed different percentages of co-localization of bacteria with Lysotracker. Results suggest strain-dependent interaction and intracellular killing of B. cereus by phagocytic cells. These findings could be relevant for the pathogenic potential of Bacillus cereus strains


No disponible


Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Bacillus cereus/patogenicidade , Macrófagos Peritoneais/microbiologia , Fagocitose , Disfunção de Fagócito Bactericida/microbiologia , Endocitose/fisiologia , Microscopia de Fluorescência/métodos , Citometria de Fluxo/métodos
6.
Allergol. immunopatol ; 45(2): 175-182, mar.-abr. 2017. ilus, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-160523

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Although the mechanism of asthma is not precisely understood in humans, clinical and epidemiological studies have offered a potential relationship between exposure to environmental fungi, such as Alternaria alternata (A. alternata) and the development and exacerbation of asthma. The aim of this project is to investigate the mechanisms of Th2 responses by A. alternata as a clinically relevant model for the environmental exposure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Plastic adherent monocytes were cultured with granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) to convert these cells into Monocyte-derived Dendritic cells (MoDc) and then matured in the presence of Monocyte-Conditioned Medium (MCM) as the control group and MCM+ A. alternata extract as the inductive groups. RESULTS: The results indicated that the expression of CD14 decreased and CD83 and anti-human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) increased in the inductive groups in comparison with the control group. More importantly, A. alternata inhibited IL-12 production by activated dendritic cells (DCs), and the DCs exposed to A. alternata enhanced the Th2 polarisation of CD4+ T cells. The production amount of IL-10 overcame IL-12 as well as Il-23 increased significantly, and hand in T cells the production of cytokines Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) decreased. However, both IL-17 and IL-4 increased (p < 0.05). Phagocytic activity in the inductive groups decreased significantly compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: The asthma-related environmental fungus A. alternata, with an effect on dendritic cells profile mediates TH2/TH17. Such immunodysregulation properties of causative environmental fungi may explain their strong relationship with human asthma and allergic diseases


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Alternaria/imunologia , Alternaria/isolamento & purificação , Células Dendríticas/imunologia , Células Th2/imunologia , Células Th2/patologia , Células Th17/imunologia , Asma/imunologia , Asma/patologia , Receptores de Lipopolissacarídeos/análise , Fagocitose/imunologia , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Linfócitos T/patologia , Citometria de Fluxo/métodos , Leucócitos Mononucleares/imunologia , Células Dendríticas/patologia , Células Th17/patologia , Fungos/imunologia , Fungos/isolamento & purificação , Fungos/patogenicidade
7.
Reumatol. clín. (Barc.) ; 10(5): 331-335, sept.-oct. 2014. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-126765

RESUMO

El síndrome de activación de macrófago es una complicación inusual pero potencialmente fatal de pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas autoinmunes. Esta es una entidad clínico-patológica caracterizada por la activación de histiocitos con hemofagocitosis prominente en la médula ósea y otros sistemas reticuloendoteliales. En pacientes con lupus, puede simular una exacerbación de la enfermedad o infección. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 7 años de edad en la que el diagnóstico de lupus eritematoso sistémico y síndrome de activación de macrófago fue simultáneo con respuesta al uso de ciclofosfamida (AU)


The macrophage activation syndrome is a rare but potentially fatal complication of patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. This is a clinicopathological entity characterized by activation of histiocytes with prominent hemophagocytosis in the bone marrow and other reticuloendothelial systems. In patients with lupus it may mimic an exacerbation of the disease or infection. We report the case of a 7-year-old girl in whom the diagnosis of lupus erythematosus and macrophage activation syndrome was simultaneously made with response to the use of cyclophosphamide (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Síndrome de Ativação Macrofágica/complicações , Síndrome de Ativação Macrofágica/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Ativação Macrofágica/etiologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/complicações , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/diagnóstico , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/tratamento farmacológico , Ciclofosfamida/metabolismo , Ciclofosfamida/farmacocinética , Ciclofosfamida/uso terapêutico , Doenças Autoimunes/complicações , Doenças Autoimunes/diagnóstico , Fagocitose , Fagocitose/imunologia , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico
8.
An. vet. Murcia ; 29: 63-86, ene.-dic. 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-129496

RESUMO

La Mielopatía Degenerativa canina (MD) es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa de comienzo tardío, diagnosticada inicialmente en el Pastor Alemán, pero que afecta muchas otras razas. Se manifiesta como un desorden medular en los perros adultos, de inicio insidioso y curso lentamente progresivo. Muchos estudios consideraron la posible etiología de MD sin poder esclarecer sus causas. Investigaciones recientes identificaron como causa probable una mutación del gen SOD1 que codifica la Superóxido Dismutasa 1, lo que implica que MD es un potencial ortólogo de la Esclerosis Lateral Amiotrófica (ELA) del ser humano. La distribución de las lesiones y la progresión clínica de MD son similares a los de ciertos tipos de ELA, con un inicio caracterizado por signos de motoneurona superior, con lesiones predominantes en la médula de la región torácica, con progresión a signos de motoneurona inferior, que se vuelven evidentes en los estadios tardíos de la enfermedad. Antes de establecer una clara equivalencia entre DM y ELA, deben explicarse algunas diferencias entre ambas enfermedades. Por ejemplo, que en MD la axonopatía es difusa (y no restringida al cordón lateral, como en ELA) e involucra a los tractos sensitivos y motores y que, salvo comunicaciones aisladas, no hay evidencia de lesión neuronal en cerebro ni en tronco encefálico. Mientras tanto, los perros con MD son potenciales modelos animales para ELA, que pueden ser usados para investigar los procesos subyacentes de la degeneración de la motoneurona, mapear los loci modificadores e identificar factores ambientales que influyen en la severidad de la enfermedad (AU)


Canine Degenerative myelopathy (DM) is a late-onset neurodegenerative, first diagnosed in German Shepherd, but affects multiple dog breeds. DM manifests as a spinal disorder in adult dogs, insidious onset and slowly progressive course. Many studies considered the possible etiology of DM unable to clarify the causes. Recent researches have identified as a likely cause a mutation of the SOD1 gene encoding superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), which also implies DM is a potential ortholog of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) of the human being. The distribution of lesions and the clinical progression of MD are similar to those reported for certain types of ALS, with an onset characterized by upper motor neuron signs, with predominant lesions in the spinal thoracic region, with progression to lower motor neuron signs that become evident in the later stages of the disease. Before establishing a clear equivalence between DM and ALS must explain some differences between two diseases. For example, in DM the axonopathy is diffuse (not restricted to lateral funiculus, as in ALS) and involves both sensory tracts as motors. Furthermore, except isolated communications, no evidence of neuronal damage in the brain or brain stem has been demonstrated. Meanwhile, the dogs affected by DM are potential animal models for ALS, which can be used to probe the underlying processes of motor neuron degeneration, to map the modifier loci and identify the environmental factors which influence the severity of the disease (AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Cães , Doenças da Medula Espinal/diagnóstico , Doenças da Medula Espinal/etiologia , Doenças Neurodegenerativas/complicações , Doenças Neurodegenerativas/veterinária , Fagocitose/imunologia , Fagocitose/fisiologia , Ácido Glutâmico/toxicidade , Doenças da Medula Espinal/patologia , Ciclofosfamida/uso terapêutico , Azatioprina/uso terapêutico , Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Doenças Neurodegenerativas/patologia
9.
Rev. toxicol ; 29(2): 90-94, jul.-dic. 2012. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-126219

RESUMO

En este trabajo se evaluó la respuesta inmunológica celular inespecífica del pez Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818) expuestoaconcentracionessubletalesde cobreycadmio,atravésde la determinación de la viabilidad celular, la quimiotaxis, la fagocitosis y la muerte bacteriana en células inmunocompetentes extraídasdelriñóncefálico,lasangreyel hígado.Lospecesfueron expuestos por separado a 0,5 mg/L de cloruro de cobre y 1,0 mg/L de cloruro de cadmio durante 28 días; después de la exposición, se depuraron por el mismo período. La viabilidad celular se mantuvo entre 99-94%. La exposición al cadmio causó una reducción significativa en la respuesta quimiotáctica de granulocitos en los tejidos evaluados. Tanto los peces expuestos a cobre como los expuestos a cadmio presentaron una disminución significativa en la respuesta fagocítica de granulocitos. En sangre, el cadmio afectó la efectividad de los granulocitos de inducir muerte bacteriana; el cobre sin embargo, afectó la efectividad de inducir muerte bacteriana en los granulocitos provenientes del hígado. Los peces expuestos a cadmio presentaron un incremento significativo en los niveles de cortisol sérico y una disminución de esta hormona en los peces expuestos a cobre. Estos resultados demuestran que la exposición crónica a los metales cobre y cadmio produce una inhibición de la respuesta inmune inespecífica en el pez Colossoma macropomum (AU)


The non-specific immune response was evaluated thought cellular viability, quimiotaxis, phagocytosis and bacterial killing by PMN of innate immune cells providing of blood, head kidney and liver of freshwater fish Colossoma macropomum. Fish were exposed to 0.5 mg/L copper chloride and 1.0 mg/L cadmium chloride for 28 days; finalized the exposure, the fishes were depurated for 28 days. The cellular viability was between 94-99%, being observed the lowest values in both Cd-exposed and Cu-exposed fishes. A decrease in quimiotatic responses was found in granulocytes of the evaluated tissues. We observed a decrease in phagocytic response in both copper exposed fish and cadmium exposed fish on the three evaluated tissues. Cadmium reduced the effectiveness to induce bacterial killing in blood granulocytes; however, copper reduced the response in granulocytes of the hepatic tissue. The serum cortisol level was increased in Cd-exposed fish: on the contrary, it was decreased in Cu-exposed fish. These results suggest that chronic exposure to cadmium and copper of the fish Colossoma macropomum decreased the innate immunological response (AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Cobre/toxicidade , Cádmio/toxicidade , Peixes , Fatores Quimiotáticos/imunologia , Fagocitose/imunologia , Elementos de Resposta Antioxidante , Relação Dose-Resposta Imunológica , Quimiotaxia/imunologia , Granulócitos/imunologia , Modelos Animais , Análise de Variância
10.
Nutr. hosp ; 25(5): 700-704, sept.-oct. 2010.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-97288

RESUMO

This report shows the level of scientific consensus on definition, characteristics and health benefits of probiotics. The content of the report has derived from the scientific meeting: Workshop on Probiotics and Health. Scientific evidence, that congregated several Spanish experts, including gastroenterologists, microbiologists, nutritionists, immunologists and food technologists, among others, who have agreed with the statements shown in this document. Each statement has been sustained with the most relevant scientific aspects that were discussed during the Workshop and the following evaluation of there port by all experts who approved and signed it (AU)


En este documento se muestra una base de consenso entorno a la definición, características y propiedades beneficiosas de los probióticos. El contenido fue generado a partir de la reunión científica Workshop Probióticos y Salud. Evidencia Científica, que agrupó a una variedad de expertos españoles gastroenterólogos, microbiólogos, nutricionistas, inmunólogos y tecnólogos de alimentos, entre otros, que se han adherido en su mayoría a las sentencias que constituyen este documento. Para cada sentencia se establecen las aspectos científicos más relevantes que la respaldan y que son consecuencia del acuerdo al que se ha llegado tras el debate surgido en la reunión y la evaluación posterior del contenido por todos los expertos que han firmado este documento (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Probióticos/farmacocinética , Suplementos Nutricionais/análise , Sistema Imunitário/microbiologia , Prática Clínica Baseada em Evidências/tendências , Alimentos Integrais , Fagocitose/fisiologia , Coadjuvantes de Tecnologia Alimentar
11.
Radiología (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 52(1): 76-80, ene.-feb. 2010.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-76576

RESUMO

La linfohistiocitosis hemofagocítica (LHH) es un síndrome clínico raro, posiblemente infradiagnosticado, más frecuente en niños. Pueden ser cuadros agresivos y evolucionar en poco tiempo a fallo multiorgánico letal. Simula cuadros de sepsis infecciosa, aunque con peor respuesta y evolución. Se debe sospechar ante un niño pequeño con fiebre persistente de origen desconocido, afectación del estado general, hepatoesplenomegalia, citopenias, aumento de triglicéridos y ferritina y disminución del fibrinógeno. En la resonancia magnética cerebral se puede apreciar un realce difuso leptomeníngeo y perivascular, áreas parcheadas hiperintensas en T2 en sustancia blanca de ambos hemisferios cerebrales y atrofia cerebral. La secuencia de difusión es útil en la estadificación de las lesiones. Presentamos un caso clínico de LHH familiar de evolución mortal y realizamos una revisión bibliográfica de las características clínicas, anatomopatológicas y radiológicas de esta entidad (AU)


Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HL) is a rare syndrome, although more common in children, that may be underdiagnosed. The clinical presentation can be aggressive, and patients may rapidly develop lethal multiple organ failure.…HL simulates the presentation of infectious sepsis, although the response to treatment and evolution are worse. HL should be suspected in young children with persistent fever of unknown origin, general malaise, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenia, elevated triglycerides and ferritin, and decreased fibrinogen. Brain MRI shows diffuse leptomeningeal and perivascular enhancement, patchy areas of hyperintensity in the white matter of both cerebral hemispheres on T2-weighted sequences, and cerebral atrophy. Diffusion-weighted sequences are useful for staging the lesions. We present a fatal case of familial HL and review the literature about the clinical, histological, and radiological characteristics of this disease (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Linfo-Histiocitose Hemofagocítica/complicações , Linfo-Histiocitose Hemofagocítica , Esplenomegalia/complicações , Esplenomegalia , Leucopenia/complicações , Leucopenia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Trombocitopenia , Biópsia , Fagocitose , Crânio
12.
Allergol. immunopatol ; 37(6): 302-308, nov.-dic. 2009. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-77016

RESUMO

Background: Patients with atopic dermatitis frequently present recurrent infections by pyogenic bacteria or by intracellular microorganisms, suggesting an immune disorder. Objective: Laboratorial investigation of phagocyte activity and chemotactic response by neutrophilic polymorphonuclear and mononuclear phagocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with atopic dermatitis from moderate to severe. Methods: Through a transversal study, patients with atopic dermatitis from moderate to severe were selected. The neutrophilic and mononuclear phagocytes were separated and the phagocytic ingestion of zymosan particles was analysed, in addition to migration distance to the bacterial lipopolysaccharide chemotactic factor, comparing the results to the values obtained from healthy individuals within the same age group. Results: Nineteen patients were selected, 11 female and 8 male. The mean age was 6.47 years (±4.65). Among the 19 patients studied, 14 (73.68%) presented a reduction in the neutrophilic and mononuclear phagocyte activity, with two (1.53%) patients presenting a reduction in the activity of both phagocytes. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated a reduction in chemotactic response and phagocytic activity by neutrophilic and/or mononuclear phagocytes in the majority of patients with atopic dermatitis from moderate to severe. Our results were coherent with the clinical data concerning the higher incidence of infections by pyogenic bacteria and fungi in patients with atopic dermatitis, which are microorganisms that require defence by the phagocytes researched in the present study (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dermatite Atópica , Dermatite Atópica/terapia , Fagócitos , Neutrófilos , Leucócitos Mononucleares , Quimiotaxia , Fagocitose , Estudos Transversais , Relatos de Casos
13.
J. physiol. biochem ; 63(2): 153-160, abr.-jun. 2007. tab
Artigo em En | IBECS | ID: ibc-71955

RESUMO

Moderate alcohol consumption has shown to induce benefits on host specific(cell-mediated and humoral) immune system, but there is scarce literature regardingfirst-line immune responses. The aim of this study was to investigate differences innon-specific immunity after alcohol abstention and moderate beer consumption inhealthy adults. After a 30 day-alcohol abstemious period, 57 healthy volunteers weresubmitted to a daily moderate consumption of beer (330 mL for women and 660 mLfor men, respectively) during the following 30 days. White blood cell counts andphagocytic and oxidative burst activity were evaluated at three points: a) basal, b)abstemious, c) after moderate consumption of beer. Absolute values of leukocytes,neutrophils, lymphocytes and basophiles (x109/L) increased significantly in womenfrom point b to point c (6.34 ± 1.26 vs. 7.27 ± 1.97, 3.43 ± 0.88 vs. 4.13 ± 1.53,2.14 ± 0.50 vs. 2.38 ± 0.63, and 0.05 ± 0.02 vs. 0.06 ± 0.03, respectively; p< 0.05) aswell as basophils in men (0.05±0.03 vs. 0.06±0.03). A significant increase of oxidativeburst capacity was also observed after the moderate consumption of beer in bothwomen (33.90 ± 19.00 vs. 48.86 ± 21.83) and men (27.39 ± 18.13 vs. 39.25 ± 24.53).In healthy adults, after 30 days of moderate beer consumption the parameter describingthe non-specific immunity improved when compared to the basal situation. Forseveral of these parameters, the response is more enhanced in women (AU)


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Imunidade/fisiologia , Fagocitose/fisiologia , Contagem de Leucócitos/métodos , Leucócitos/fisiologia , Cerveja/efeitos adversos , Sistema Imunitário/fisiologia , Fagocitose/imunologia , Alcoolismo/diagnóstico , Alcoolismo/epidemiologia
14.
J. physiol. biochem ; 63(2): 153-160, abr.-jun. 2007. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-76672

RESUMO

Moderate alcohol consumption has shown to induce benefits on host specific(cell-mediated and humoral) immune system, but there is scarce literature regardingfirst-line immune responses. The aim of this study was to investigate differences innon-specific immunity after alcohol abstention and moderate beer consumption inhealthy adults. After a 30 day-alcohol abstemious period, 57 healthy volunteers weresubmitted to a daily moderate consumption of beer (330 mL for women and 660 mLfor men, respectively) during the following 30 days. White blood cell counts andphagocytic and oxidative burst activity were evaluated at three points: a) basal, b)abstemious, c) after moderate consumption of beer. Absolute values of leukocytes,neutrophils, lymphocytes and basophiles (x109/L) increased significantly in womenfrom point b to point c (6.34 ± 1.26 vs. 7.27 ± 1.97, 3.43 ± 0.88 vs. 4.13 ± 1.53,2.14 ± 0.50 vs. 2.38 ± 0.63, and 0.05 ± 0.02 vs. 0.06 ± 0.03, respectively; p< 0.05) aswell as basophils in men (0.05±0.03 vs. 0.06±0.03). A significant increase of oxidativeburst capacity was also observed after the moderate consumption of beer in bothwomen (33.90 ± 19.00 vs. 48.86 ± 21.83) and men (27.39 ± 18.13 vs. 39.25 ± 24.53).In healthy adults, after 30 days of moderate beer consumption the parameter describingthe non-specific immunity improved when compared to the basal situation. Forseveral of these parameters, the response is more enhanced in women (AU)


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Cerveja , Nível de Saúde , Imunidade Celular , Leucócitos , Estudos Cross-Over , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Contagem de Leucócitos , Fagocitose , Explosão Respiratória , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores de Tempo
15.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 128(5): 161-167, feb. 2007. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-051294

RESUMO

Fundamento y objetivo: Cuantificar la función esplénica de los pacientes controlados en el Servicio de Cirugía General y Digestiva del Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol (HUGTiP) desde 1985 hasta 2003 tras haber sufrido diferentes grados de lesión traumática del bazo según la clasificación de la American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) del año 1994 y relacionarla con el tratamiento recibido (no operatorio, esplenectomía total con o sin esplenosis y esplenectomía más autotrasplante), con la finalidad de detectar disfunciones esplénicas que predispongan al desarrollo de la sepsis tras la esplenectomía. Pacientes y método: Se ha realizado a 43 pacientes un estudio isotópico con gammagrafía esplénica «dinámica», estudio de «pits» de la membrana eritrocitaria (óptica de Nomarsky) y de vacuolas submembranarias (microscopia electrónica de transmisión). Resultados: El grupo de no operados presenta una función normal de fagocitosis y filtración, con una mediana de velocidad de captación esplénica de 3,46 Kcts/s2 (intervalo, 0,8-6,98). El porcentaje mediano de «pits» de membrana fue del 2% (intervalo, 0-8,8%); el número de «pits» por hematíes, de 0,03 (intervalo, 0-0,12), y el porcentaje de hematíes con 1, 2, 3 y 4 «pits», del 1,6, el 0,4, el 0 y el 0%, respectivamente. El porcentaje mediano de hematíes con vacuolas submembranarias fue el 2,55% (intervalo, 0-5,6%); el número de vacuolas por hematíe, de 0,03 (intervalo, 0-0,06), y el porcentaje de hematíes con 1, 2, 3 y 4 vacuolas, del 2, el 0,2, el 0 y el 0%, respectivamente. En el grupo operado, la velocidad mediana de captación esplénica fue de 0,08 Kcts/s2 (intervalo, 0-1,75; p < 0,0001); el porcentaje mediano de «pits» de membrana, del 38% (intervalo, 0,2-64; p < 0,0001); el número mediano de «pits» por hematíe, de 0,86 (intervalo, 0-1,8; p < 0,0001), y el porcentaje de hematíes con 1, 2, 3 y 4 «pits», del 16,39, el 7,2, el 3,59 y el 2,52%, respectivamente (p < 0,0001). La mediana del porcentaje de hematíes con vacuolas submembranarias fue del 11,2% (intervalo, 1,8-31,9; p = 0,0006); el número mediano de vacuolas por hematíe, de 0,16 (p = 0,0022), y el porcentaje de hematíes con 1, 2, 3 y 4 vacuolas, del 6,51, el 1,73, el 0,4 y el 0,2%, respectivamente (p = 0,0246; p = 0,0010; p < 0,0001, y p = 0,0002, respectivamente). Conclusiones: La función esplénica de los pacientes con antecedentes de traumatismo esplénico tratados de forma conservadora es normal, independientemente del grado de la lesión. Ello refuerza la conveniencia de aplicar de entrada esta actitud a todos los protocolos para intentar evitar la sepsis tras la esplenectomía. En los casos tratados con esplenectomía, con o sin esplenosis, la función esplénica está ausente o muy alterada, mientras que en los casos tratados con esplenectomía y autotrasplante está parcialmente conservada


Background and objective: The splenic function of patients followed by the Department of General and Digestive Surgery in the Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol (HUGTiP) from 1985 to 2003 for different degrees of splenic trauma according to the classification of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) 1994 was quantified and related to the treatment received (non surgical, total splenectomy with or without splenosis and splenectomy plus autotransplantation) to detect splenic dysfunction predisposing the development of postsplenectomy sepsis (PSS). Patients and method: 43 patients underwent an isotopic study with dynamic splenic gammagraphy and pitted erythrocytes (Normarsky optics) and submembranous vacuoles (transmission electron microscopy) were evaluated. Results: The non surgical group presented normal phagocytic and filtration function with the median speed of splenic enhancement being 3.46 Kcts/s2 (interval: 0.8-6.98). The percentage of pitted erythrocytes was 2% (0-8.8), the number of pits per erythrocyte was 0.03 (0-0.12) and the percentage of erythrocytes with 1,2,3 and 4 pits was 1.6%, 0.4%, 0% and 0%, respectively. The percentage of red cells with submembranous vacuoles was 2.55% (0-5.6), the number of vacuoles per red cell was 0.03 (0-0.06) and the percentage of red cells with 1,2,3 and 4 vacuoles was 2%, 0.2%, 0% and 0%, respectively. In the operated group, the splenic enhancement speed was 0.08 Kcts/s2 (0-1.75) (p < 0.0001). The percentage of pitted erythrocytes was 38% (0.2-64) (p < 0.0001), the number of pits per erythrocyte was 0.86 (0-1.8) (p < 0.0001) and the percentage of erythrocytes with 1,2,3 and 4 pits was 16.39%, 7.2%, 3.59% and 2.52%, respectively (p < 0.0001). The percentage of red cells with submembranous vacuoles was 11.2% (1.8-31.9) (p = 0.0006); the number of vacuoles per cell was 0.16 (p = 0.0022) and the percentage of red cells with 1,2,3 and 4 vacuoles was 6.51%, 1.73%, 0.4% and 0.2%, respectively (p = 0.0246, 0.0010, < 0.0001 and 0.0002, respectively). Conclusions: Splenic function of patients with a history of splenic trauma receiving conservative treatment is normal, independently of the degree of the lesion, thereby reinforcing the use of this therapeutic approach to avoid the development of postsplenectomy sepsis. In the patients treated with splenectomy, with or without splenosis, splenic function was absent or very altered being partially conserved in cases treated with splenectomy plus autotransplantation


Assuntos
Humanos , Ruptura Esplênica/fisiopatologia , Espectrometria gama/métodos , Baço/lesões , Ruptura Esplênica/terapia , Membrana Eritrocítica/fisiologia , Vacúolos , Esplenectomia/reabilitação , Fagocitose/fisiologia
16.
Acta otorrinolaringol. esp ; 58(1): 4-6, ene. 2007. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-053714

RESUMO

Objetivo: Determinar si existen conexiones entre la médula ósea de los osículos timpánicos y el mesénquima que rellena la futura cavidad timpánica. Material y métodos: Se han examinado 90 huesos temporales pertenecientes a embriones y fetos, y se han seleccionado 15 de edades comprendidas entre las semanas 20 y 30 del desarrollo al presentar conexiones entre médula del osículo y el mesénquima. Resultados: Las conexiones son de tipo transitorio y aparecen en el martillo y el yunque entre las semanas 20 y 24 de desarrollo, mientras que en el estribo se manifiestan posteriormente, entre las semanas 24 y 28. Conclusiones: Estas conexiones pueden tener un papel importante en la fagocitosis de los restos mesenquimales y sumarse a los mecanismos de eliminación de los detritus producidos durante la regresión


Objective: To investigate the presence of connections between the bone marrow of the ossicles and the mesenchyme that fills the future tympanic cavity. Material and methods: Ninety temporal bones from embryos and foetuses were examined, selecting 15 aged between 20th to 30th weeks of development, to show connections between ossicle marrow and mesenchyme. Results: The connections are transitory and appear in the malleus and the incus between 20th to 24th weeks of development, while in the stapes appear later, being between 24th to 28th weeks. Conclusions: These connections may have an important role in the phagocytosis of the mesenchymal remains and join in the detritus elimination mechanisms produced during the regression


Assuntos
Humanos , Ossículos da Orelha/embriologia , Medula Óssea/embriologia , Mesoderma , Osso Temporal/embriologia , Fagocitose , Idade Gestacional
17.
Actas dermo-sifiliogr. (Ed. impr.) ; 97(8): 533-535, oct. 2006. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-049011

RESUMO

El granuloma elastolítico anular de células gigantes (GEACG) es una entidad poco frecuente, caracterizada clínicamente por placas eritematosas anulares de centro atrófico e hipopigmentado, que predominan en zonas fotoexpuestas. En la histología presentan un infiltrado granulomatoso sin formación de imagen en empalizada, compuesto por linfocitos, histiocitos y células gigantes, con fagocitosis de fibras elásticas, sin necrobiosis ni depósito de mucina. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con manifestaciones clínicas atípicas en piel no fotoexpuesta, y una histología característica de GEACG


Annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma (AEGCG) is an uncommon entity clinically characterized by erythematous annular plaques with atrophic and hypopigmented center, that predominates in sun-exposed zones. The histology shows a granulomatous infiltrate without palisading image, made up of lymphocytes, histiocytes and giant cells, with phagocytosis of elastic fibers, without necrobiosis or mucin deposit. We present the case of a male patient with atypical clinical manifestation on the non-sun exposed skin and AEGCG characteristic histology


Assuntos
Feminino , Adulto , Masculino , Humanos , Granuloma Anular/diagnóstico , Granuloma Anular/patologia , Granuloma Anular/terapia , Granuloma de Células Gigantes/diagnóstico , Granuloma de Células Gigantes/patologia , Granuloma de Células Gigantes/terapia , Hipopigmentação/complicações , Hipopigmentação/diagnóstico , Hipopigmentação/terapia , Dermatopatias/complicações , Dermatopatias/diagnóstico , Dermatopatias/terapia , Hipopigmentação/patologia , Células Gigantes/citologia , Células Gigantes/patologia , Histiócitos/patologia , Linfócitos/patologia , Fagocitose , Fagocitose/fisiologia
18.
Allergol. immunopatol ; 34(4): 136-140, jul. 2006. ilus, tab
Artigo em En | IBECS | ID: ibc-049226

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate immune function in acute stress in medical students before academic examinations. Twenty-five medical students were selected because they presented intense acute stress, evaluated by the presence of the following classic signs: cold hands, intense sudoresis in the extremities, generalized sudoresis, paleness, tachycardia, confused reasoning, nervous irritability, diarrhea, and sleep disorders in the hours preceding the examination (agitated sleep, insomnia). Methods: Immediately before the examination, peripheral blood was collected from the 25 students presenting acute stress to analyze T and B cells, CD4+ and CD8+ cells, immunoglobulins, and C3 and C4 complement components, as well as phagocytic activity in neutrophils and monocytes. These investigations were repeated in the same students in situations free of acute stress. The results of the two samples collected from each student were compared. Results: The means and standard deviations showed no significant differences for any of the parameters analyzed (p $ 0.01). Conclusion: We conclude that acute stress did not cause changes in the lymphocyte subpopulations, phagocytic activity of neutrophils and monocytes, serum immunoglobulins, or C3 and C4 complement components in students participating in the present study. In conditions of basal chronic stress, acute stress may cause alterations in immune function


El objetivo de este estudio fue el de evaluar la función inmunológica durante situación de estrés agudo de alumnos de una Facultad de Medicina durante las horas que anteceden a los exámenes. Veinticinco estudiantes de la Facultad de Medicina fueron seleccionados por que presentaban síntomas de acentuado estrés agudo, evaluado por la presencia de las señales clásicas del estrés: manos frías, sudor intenso de extremidades y generalizado, palidez cutánea, taquicardia, raciocinio confuso, nerviosismo/irritabilidad, diarrea, alteraciones del sueño en las horas anteriores a la prueba (agitación e insomnio). Métodos: inmediatamente antes de las pruebas se tomaron muestras de sangre periférica a los estudiantes que presentaban señales de estrés agudo, para análisis de células T y B, células CD4+ y CD8+, inmunoglobulinas, fracciones C3 y C4 del sistema complemento así como actividad fagocitária de neutrófilos y monocitos. Estos exámenes fueron repetidos en los mismos estudiantes libres del estrés agudo, comparándose los resultados con los valores observados para el mismo individuo en situación de estrés agudo. Resultados: las medias estadísticas no demostraron diferencias importantes para ninguno de los parámetros analizados (p>0.01) Conclusión: concluimos que el estrés agudo no determinó alteraciones en las subpoblaciones linfocitárias, actividad fagocitária de neutrófilos y monocitos, inmunoglobulinas séricas y fracciones C3 y C4 del sistema complemento de los estudiantes analizados. Es posible que en condiciones de estrés crónico basal, el estrés agudo pueda determinar alteraciones de la función inmunológica


Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Estresse Psicológico/imunologia , Doença Aguda , T-Linfocitopenia Idiopática CD4-Positiva/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/imunologia , Avaliação Educacional , Contagem de Linfócitos , Monócitos , Neutrófilos/imunologia , Fagocitose , Estresse Psicológico/sangue , Escala de Ansiedade Frente a Teste , Complemento C3c/análise
19.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 29(9): 462-468, dic. 2005. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-041965

RESUMO

Objetivo. La fibronectina (FBN) es una proteína moduladora de la fagocitosis y como tal podría relacionarse con los procesos infecciosos. Evaluamos la eficacia de la fibronectina sérica como marcador precoz de infección respiratoria en pacientes críticos bajo ventilación mecánica (VM). Diseño. Estudio prospectivo de casos-control. Ámbito. Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) polivalente en Hospital de tercer nivel con 42 camas. Pacientes. Setenta y siete pacientes con VM sin signos de infección al ingreso (casos) y 55 pacientes tras cirugía programada como muestra de validación (controles). Intervenciones. FBN sérica y cultivos cualitativos de aspirado endobronquial (AE) el primer, cuarto y séptimo día (si mantenían la VM) con seguimiento hasta el día décimo. Variables. Variables demográficas, SOFA y APACHE II al ingreso y aparición de neumonía o traqueobronquitis durante el seguimiento. Resultados. Los casos presentaban niveles más bajos de FBN (0,24 ± 0,11 g/l frente 0,39 ± 0,29 g/l, p < 0,01), pero ni el diagnóstico, los índices de gravedad o el pronóstico en este grupo se relacionaron con la FBN. Los casos con aislamiento de algún microorganismo en AE no presentaron niveles de FBN diferentes al ingreso (0,23 ± 0,10 frente a 0,25 ± 0,12) (independientemente del grupo diagnóstico), así como al cuarto o séptimo día. Presentaron infección respiratoria 27 (35,1%) pacientes, neumonía 19 y traqueobronquitis en 8. La FBN no mostró diferencias significativas con el resto de casos en ninguna de las tres determinaciones realizadas. Conclusiones. La FBN sérica en pacientes ingresados en UCI no es marcador de gravedad ni se relaciona con el pronóstico, no mostrando tampoco utilidad como marcador de infección respiratoria


Objective. Fibronectin (FBN) is a phagocytosis modulating protein and, as such, could be related with the infectious condition. We evaluate the efficacy of serum fibronectin as an early marker of respiratory infection in critical patients receiving mechanical ventilation (MV). Design. Prospective study of cases-control. Scope. Polyvalent ICU in third level Hospital with 42 beds. Patients. Seventy seven patients with MV without signs of infection on admission (cases) and 55 patients after elective surgery as validation sample (controls). Interventions. Serum FBN and qualitative cultures of endobronchial aspirate (EA) on days 1, 4 and 7 (if MV was maintained) with follow-up to day 10. Variables. Demographic variables, SOFA and APACHE II on admission and appearance of pneumonia or tracheobronchitis during follow-up. Results. The cases had low levels of FBN (0.24 ± 0.11 g/l vs 0.39 ± 0.29, p < 0.01), however, neither the diagnosis, seriousness indexes or prognosis in this group were related with the FBN. Cases with isolation of some microorganism in EA did not have different FBN levels on admission (0.23 ± 0.10 vs 0.25 ± 0.12) (regardless of the diagnostic group) nor on the fourth or seventh day. A total of 27 (35.1) patients had respiratory infection, 19 pneumonia and 8 tracheobronchitis. FBN did not shown any significant differences with the remaining cases in any of the three measurements made. Conclusions. Serum FBN in patients hospitalized in the ICU is not a marker of seriousness nor is it related with prognosis. It also does not have any utility as a marker of respiratory infection


Assuntos
Humanos , Fibronectinas/análise , Infecções Respiratórias/terapia , Respiração Artificial/efeitos adversos , Estudos Prospectivos , Fagocitose/fisiologia , Biomarcadores/análise
20.
Ars pharm ; 46(1): 43-55, 2005. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-038026

RESUMO

La depuración de partículas de la sangre es una medida de la capacidad funcional del sistema fagocítico mononuclear, responsable de la eliminación sistémica de microorganismo patógenos, inmunocomplejos y células apoptósicas. Esta capacidad puede ser alterada por agentes modificadores de la respuesta biológica, entre los que figuran numerosos agentes antimicrobianos. En este trabajo se comparó la efectividad de la medida de la capacidad de depuración de ratones BALB/c inoculados con distintos microorganismos (una levadura, dos bacterias Gram-positivas, extra- e intracelular, y dos bacterias Gram-negativas, asimismo extra- e intracelular). La levadura Candida albicans fue seleccionada, por su apropiada cinética de depuración y su resistencia natural a agentes antibacterianos, para estudiar la modificación de la fagocitosis in vivo por el antibiótico macrólido azitromicina. El tratamiento con azitromicina durante 10 y 20 días disminuyó la capacidad de depuración del sistema fagocítico-mononuclear


The blood stream clearance of particles is a measure of the functional capacity of the mononuclear phagocytic system, which is responsible for the systemic elimination of pathogenic microorganisms, immunocomplexes and apoptotic cells. This capacity may be altered by biological reponse modifiersresponse, in which numerous antimicrobial agents are present. In this work, the effectiveness of the measurement of clearance capacity was compared in BALB/c mice that were inoculated with different microorganisms (a yeast, two extra and intracellular gram-positive bacteria, and two extra and intracellular gram-negative bacteria). As a means to studying the in vivo modification of phagocytosis by the macrolid antibiotic, azithromycin, the yeast C Candida andida albicans was chosen for its appropriate clearance kinetics and its natural resistance to antibacterial agents. Treatment with azithromycin for 10 and 20 days reduced clearance capacity of the mononuclear phagocytic system


Assuntos
Camundongos , Animais , Fagocitose/fisiologia , Azitromicina/imunologia , Azitromicina/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/síntese química , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Azitromicina
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