Community development in the production of concentrated flourhigh in amino acids made from a combination of eel and tempe / Desarrollo comunitario en la producción de harina concentrada rica en aminoácidos a partir de una combinación de anguila y tempe

Introduction and Objectives: To date, there are no known supplement products made from a combination of eel and tempe. The development of concentrate from eels in combination with tempe (ETF) aims to create supplements containing the essential amino acid L-arginine, which has many proven health benefits. Methods: The community empowerment was held from June to July 2023 at Cangkringan, Sleman, Yogyakarta. The main agendas consisted of ETF training production and the cooking creation of ETF-based food. Aside from that, there were several secondary agendas such as food halal socialization, accessories design training, patchwork utilization training, computer and Microsoft Office training, English language education, public speaking class, Al-Qur’an and miscellaneous education for children, community service, mutual cinema, and competitions for the community. Results: The community development program in the production of high-amino acid concentrated ETF flour has succeeded in achieving the three main objectives of the program, namely functional product innovation, empowerment of micro, small, and medium enterprises and local communities, as well as increasing demand for local commodities, showing the importance of collaboration between the government, community, and private sector in supporting the development of local products that are economically and health-beneficial and can be used as examples to share similar initiatives in other areas.(AU)

Biscuits containing Moringa oleifera leaves flour improve conditions of anemia in pregnant women

Objective: This study analyzes whether anemia in pregnant women improves with indicators of increased hemoglobin, intake of iron and zinc when intervened with biscuits contain Moringa oleifera leaf flour. Method: It was Quasy experiment carried out at Antang, Mamajang and Batua Public Health Center in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The subject were the pregnant women of Trimester I and III trimesters which are divided into 2 groups with the intervention Group (n = 35) obtained M. oleifera leaf flour biscuits with combination iron tablet and the control group (n = 35) only accept FE tablets. Intervention group was given biscuits containing 40% moringa leaf flour (2.8 g per biscuits) with a dose of 2 pieces a day containing Moringa leaf flour and a combination of iron tablets with a dose of 2 times 250 mg, while the control group only consumed iron tablets at a dose of 2 times 250 mg. After 60 days, a posttest was carried out to examine hemoglobin, iron and zinc. Result: The results showed that there was a significance increasing of hemoglobin after intervention (1.04 g/dl, p = 0.001), increasing of iron intake significantly (2.51 mg, p = 0.001) and zinc intake (0.14 mg, p = 0.144) also increas but not statistically significant. The increase in these three indicators was higher than the control group. Conclusion: Biscuits containing M. oleifera leaf flour are able to provide improvement in the condition of pregnant mothers who have anemia, especially in hemoglobin levels, iron and zinc intake. (AU)

Moringa oleifera leaf flour biscuits increase the index of erythrocytes in pregnant women with anemia

Background: Moringa Oleifera leaves contain nutrients such as proteins, iron, and vitamin C that potentially prevent anemia more common in pregnant women. In the manufacture of cookies that are substituted Moringa Oleifera leaf flour substitution, 40% obtained Fe levels 22.68 ppm so that it can be developed to prevent anemia. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of giving biscuits (cookies) Moringa Oleifera leaf flour to index erythrocytes (MCH, MCHC, MCV) of pregnant women with anemia. Method: It was a quasi-experiment research with design nonequivalent Control Group design. The research was conducted at Antang, Mamajang, and Batua Public Health Center in Makassar, examination of hematology analyzer in the Clinic Pathology Laboratory of Universitas Hasanuddin Hospital. Sampling techniques using purposive sampling. Samples were pregnant women with trimester I and III anemia amounted to 25 samples on the biscuit moringa group and 25 samples in the control group. Data were analyzed using test Paired T-Test, T-Test Independent, Wilcoxon, and Mann – U Withney. Result: Characteristics of age, gestational age, income, physical activity, education, and parity of both groups has been comparable before the treatment with the value p > 0.05, with most of the samples aged 20–35 years having a pregnancy age of 4–8 weeks, income IDR 1 million – IDR. 2 million, activity score Baecke 6.00–7.25, Senior High School education, parity >1. A significant average increase in the value of MCH from 27.55 to 28.00 and MCV from 78.57 to 78.93 in the group provided biscuits (cookies) of Moringa Oleifera leaf flour with p-value <0.05, in the control group, occurred an average but insignificant increase with p-value >0.05. The MCHC Group control and biscuit moringa group had an average increase, but both were not statistically significant, p > 0.05. (AU)

Rinoconjuntivitis y asma ocupacional por alergia a harina de trigo sarraceno / Rhinoconjunctivitis and Occupational Asthma due to Buckwheat Flour Allergy

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Harina de piñón (Araucaria araucana (Mol.) K. Koch). Obtención y evaluación de la calidad nutricional y sensorial / Piñón flour (Araucaria araucana (Mol.) K. Koch). Obtaining and evaluating nutritional and sensory quality

INTRODUCCIÓN: la Araucaria araucana es un árbol originario de la Cordillera de los Andes, cuyo fruto es conocido como piñón. Dicha semilla presenta un alto valor energético y proporciona una gran cantidad de carbohidratos y fibra, lo que permite diversas formas de empleo en productos alimenticios que aún no han sido exploradas; desaprovechando así su potencial gastronómico. Actualmente, la tendencia en investigación se inclina hacia la búsqueda de materias primas alternativas para la elaboración de nuevos productos con valor agregado. OBJETIVO: evaluar aspectos nutricionales y sensoriales de la harina de piñón, su capacidad antioxidante, aplicada en galletas de piñón libres de gluten. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: se determinó la composición química de la harina de piñón, contenido de polifenoles totales y actividad antioxidante mediante DPPH·. Se elaboraron galletas libres de gluten, y se analizó la composición nutricional y aceptabilidad de atributos color, sabor, aroma, textura y apariencia a través de escala hedónica de 9 puntos en 157 jueces no entrenados previo consentimiento informado. RESULTADOS: la harina de piñón presentó un contenido mayoritario de carbohidratos (75%), proteínas (6,5%) y grasas totales (5,7%). Se observó la presencia de capacidad de captación de radicales DPPH· (IC50 2342,72 μg/mL), probablemente asociado al contenido de fenoles totales encontrado (0,65 mg EAG/g harina deslipidizada). La textura fue el atributo mejor evaluado (7,01 puntos), seguido de color, sabor y apariencia, los cuales obtuvieron medias de puntaje similares entre sí. El aroma de las galletas recibió el puntaje medio más bajo (5,85 puntos). Las galletas evaluadas sensorialmente fueron aceptadas por más del 80% de los jueces. CONCLUSIÓN: la harina de piñón es un alimento rico en carbohidratos, con moderado contenido de polifenoles y capacidad antioxidante, de buena aceptabilidad sensorial, cuyo consumo permitiría optimizar los recursos locales y potencialmente impulsar el mercado regional

INTRODUCTION: Araucaria araucana is a tree originary from the Andes Mountains whose seed is known as piñón. This seed has a high energetic value and provides a large amount of carbohydrates and fiber, which allows various forms of use in food products that have not yet been explored; thus, wasting its gastronomic potential. Nowadays, the research trend leans towards the search for alternative raw materials for the elaboration of new value-added products. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate nutritional and sensory aspects of piñón flour, as well as its antioxidant capacity, applied to gluten-free piñón cookies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: chemical composition, total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity by DPPH· assay were determined. Gluten-free cookies were formulated, and nutritional composition and acceptability of attributes color, flavor, aroma, texture and appearance through the 9-point hedonic scale in 157 untrained judges were analyzed. RESULTS: the piñón flour had a majority content of carbohydrates (75%), followed by protein (6.5%) and total fat (5.7%). The presence of DPPH· radical scavenging capacity was observed (IC50 2342.72 μg/mL), probably associated with the total phenolic content found (0.65 mg GAE/g deslipidized flour). Texture was the best evaluated attribute (7,01 points), followed by color, flavor and appearance, which obtained similar average scores. Cookie aroma received the lowest average score (5,85 points). The evaluated cookies were overall accepted by more than 80% of the judges. CONCLUSION: the piñón flour is a carbohydrate-rich food, with moderate content of polyphenols and antioxidant capacity, of good sensory acceptability. Its consumption could allow to optimize the local resources and potentially boost the regional market

Wheat storage proteins: changes on the glutenins after wheat infection with different isolates of Fusarium graminearum

Wheat gluten proteins are decisive for the industrial properties of flour, so alterations resulting from grain infection with Fusarium graminearum produce changes in the glutenin content that affect the baking properties. This work analyzes the high-molecular-weight glutenin changes from wheat flour with different degrees of F. graminearum infection at field, since these proteins are determinant for the quality properties of flour. Wheat cultivars-on field trials-infected with F. graminearum isolates of diverse aggressiveness showed severity values between 9.1 and 42.58% and thousand kernel weight values between 28.12 and 32.33 g. Negative correlations between severity and protein content and positive correlations between yield and protein content were observed, employing reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Furthermore, the protein signal changes were in agreement for both methodological approaches. Also, the degree of disease observed and the protein changes on infected wheat cultivars varied in relation with the aggressiveness of the isolate responsible for the infection. The principal component analysis showed a close arrangement among protein values obtained by HPLC. For each cultivar, two principal components were obtained, which explained 80.85%, 88.48%, and 93.33% of the total variance (cultivars Sy200, AGP Fast, and Klein Tigre respectively). To our knowledge, the approaches employed for the analysis of protein changes according to the degree of disease, as well as the thorough statistical analysis, are novel for the study of Fusarium Head Blight

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Wheat storage proteins: changes on the glutenins after wheat infection with different isolates of Fusarium graminearum

Wheat gluten proteins are decisive for the industrial properties of flour, so alterations resulting from grain infection with Fusarium graminearum produce changes in the glutenin content that affect the baking properties. This work analyzes the high-molecular-weight glutenin changes from wheat flour with different degrees of F. graminearum infection at field, since these proteins are determinant for the quality properties of flour. Wheat cultivars-on field trials-infected with F. graminearum isolates of diverse aggressiveness showed severity values between 9.1 and 42.58% and thousand kernel weight values between 28.12 and 32.33 g. Negative correlations between severity and protein content and positive correlations between yield and protein content were observed, employing reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Furthermore, the protein signal changes were in agreement for both methodological approaches. Also, the degree of disease observed and the protein changes on infected wheat cultivars varied in relation with the aggressiveness of the isolate responsible for the infection. The principal component analysis showed a close arrangement among protein values obtained by HPLC. For each cultivar, two principal components were obtained, which explained 80.85%, 88.48%, and 93.33% of the total variance (cultivars Sy200, AGP Fast, and Klein Tigre respectively). To our knowledge, the approaches employed for the analysis of protein changes according to the degree of disease, as well as the thorough statistical analysis, are novel for the study of Fusarium Head Blight

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Occupational asthma induced by exposure to quinoa

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Concomitant celiac disease and wheat allergy: 2 case reports

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Desarrollo de una galleta dulce reducida en grasa y azúcar,enriquecida con harina de amaranto / Development of a sweet biscuit reduced in fat and sugar, fortified withamaranth flour

INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVO: Actualmente, el sobrepeso y la obesidad en el mundo son considerados un problema grave de salud pública. Por consiguiente, el objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar una galleta dulce con harina de amaranto, reducida parcialmente en azúcar y grasa con el uso de sucralosa y fibersol-2. MÉTODOS: A partir de una formulación de galleta dulce con amaranto (Fi), se generaron tres formulaciones con reducción del 40% azúcar - 30% grasa (F1), 50% azúcar - 50% grasa (F2) y 60% azúcar - 40% grasa (F3), con las que se determinó el contenido calórico, análisis fisicoquímico, sensorial y microbiológico. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN: Se disminuyó el contenido calórico en la galleta hasta un 12,28% con F3. Adicionalmente, todas las muestras presentaron parámetros fisicoquímicos y microbiológicos dentro de los límites establecidos por la normatividad para galletas sin relleno. En cuanto a la caracterización sensorial, solo se presentaron diferencias significativas en el aroma y el residual edulcorante; la primera diferencia podría estar relacionada con los componentes volátiles que la margarina proporciona durante el proceso; mientras que la segunda estaría vinculada con el uso de sucralosa en la formulación. No obstante, tales diferencias no afectaron la aceptación del producto. CONCLUSIÓN: Es posible desarrollar una galleta dulce con harina de amaranto reducida parcialmente en azúcares y grasas con el uso de sucralosa y 2-fibersol. Lo anterior da respuesta a la creciente necesidad de alimentos con bajo contenido calórico, así como el uso de materias primas con potencial nutricional como el amaranto

INTRODCUTION AND OBCTIVE: Nowadays, overweight and obesity are considered such as serious public health problems around the world. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a sweet biscuit with amaranth flour and, partially reduced in sugar and fat with the use of sucralose and fibersol-2. METHODS: beginning with a biscuit with amaranth recipe (Fi), were designed three formulations with reductions of 40% sugar - 30% fat (F1), 50% sugar - 50% fat (F2) and 60% sugar - 40% fat (F3), and then, caloric content, physicochemical, microbiological and sensory analysis were determined for all samples. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIO: The biscuit's caloric content was reduced until 12.28% with formulation F3. Moreover, all samples showed physicochemical and microbiological parameters within the regulatory levels established for biscuits without filling. In sensory characterization, only in aroma and the residual sweetener parameter determined significative differences; on one hand, differences in aroma can be explained by the volatile compounds than margarine can provide during baking process; on the other hand, differences in residual sweetener parameter can be attributed to the use of sucralose. However, those differences do not greatly affect product acceptance. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible to develop a sweet biscuit with amaranth flour and, partially reduced in sugar and fat with the use of sucralose and 2-fibersol. The above provides a product to the growing demand of food with low caloric content and, the use of new raw materials such as amaranth

Calidad nutricional y propiedades físicas de panes libres de gluten / Nutritional quality and physical properties of gluten-free breads

Introducción: los panificados libres de gluten (LG) presentan dificultades tecnológicas en su elaboración, una textura muy diferente a sus homólogos con gluten y una calidad nutricional muchas veces deficiente por el uso de harinas refinadas y almidones, que proveen alta densidad energética y bajos valores nutricionales. Objetivo: evaluar las características nutricionales y físicas de panes libres de gluten empleando mezclas de harinas y almidones. Materiales y métodos: Los panes fueron elaborados con harina integral de quinoa (HQ), harina de arroz (HA), harina de lupino blanco (HL), almidones de maíz (MZ) y mandioca (MA). Se aplicó un diseño experimental de mezclas D-optimal ajustándose a una ecuación de segundo orden y considerando como variables predictoras el contenido de carbohidratos, proteínas, lípidos y minerales. Fueron elaboradas 20 formulaciones donde se analizaron el volumen específico, la dureza y uniformidad alveolar. La formulación optimizada fue comparada su composición proximal y perfil de aminoácidos con panes LG comerciales. Resultados y discusiones: los panes con mezclas del 35- 41% HQ, 18% HL y HA entre 18 y 29%, mostraron un destacado contenido en proteínas (9%), lípidos (3%) y minerales totales (1,8%). Estas formulaciones de panes LG presentaron una dureza que varió entre 4,09 y 7,51 N, un volumen específico entre 1,53 y 1,95 cm3/g y una uniformidad alveolar entre 1,38 y 2,7. La formulación optimizada (P0) fue la compuesta por 41% HQ, 20% HA, 18% HL, 11% MZ y 10% MA. Al comparar P0 con los panes comerciales, se pudo observar diferencias significativas (P<0,05) en el contenido de proteínas (11,21%), lípidos (3%) y minerales totales (2,27%), destacándose P0 por presentar los mayores valores nutricionales. Conclusiones: Se logró un producto panificable apto para celíacos donde el uso HQ y HL, como principales componentes, tuvieron un efecto positivo sobre la calidad nutricional y características físicas de los panes evaluados

Introduction: The gluten free bread (GF) free bread have technological difficulties in its development, the texture is very different from their counterparts with gluten and the nutritional quality is often poor by the use of refined flours and starches, which provide high energy density and low nutritional values. Aim: Nutritional and physical characteristics evaluation of breads from mixtures of gluten-free flours and starches. Materials & methods: Quinoa flour (HQ), rice flour (HA), white lupine flour (HL), cornstarch (MZ) and starch from cassava (MA) were used to make the breads dough. It was applied an experimental design of mixing D-optimal, adjusting to a second order equation and considering the content of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and minerals as predictor variables. Volume, hardness and alveolar uniformity of crumb were analysed in 20 formulations. The optimized formulation was compared by their proximate composition and profile of amino acids with GF commercial breads. Results and discussions: Breads with mixtures of 35- 41% HQ, 18% HL, 18-29% HA has presented an outstanding content in proteins (9%), lipids (3%), and total minerals (1.8%). The 20 LG bread formulations presented a hardness that ranged between 7.51 and 4.09 N, a specific volume ranging from 1.53 to 1.95 cm3/g and alveolar uniformity between 1.38 and 2.7. The optimized formulation (P0) was composed of 41% HQ, 20%, 18% HL, 11% MZ and 10% MA. Comparing the P0 with the LG commercial bread loaf, significant differences could be observed (P<0.05) in the content of proteins (11.21%), lipids (3%) and total minerals (2.27%), highlighting the bread of the P0 by presenting the highest nutritional values. Conclusions: It was achieved a suitable gluten-free product where the use of quinoa and sweet lupine flours as main components had a positive effect on the nutritional quality and to the physical properties of testing bread loafs

Efecto del consumo de harina de avena (avena sativa) y frijoles negros (phaseolus vulgaris) sobre la actividad de las disacaridasas intestinales en ratas / Effect of the consumption of flour of oats (avena sativa) and black beans (phaseolus vulgaris) on the activity of intestinal disaccharidases in rats

Objetivo: En este trabajo se estudió el efecto de la ingesta crónica de harina de caraotas negras y harina de avena sobre la actividad de las disacaridasas intestinales en ratas. Metodología: 15 ratas Sprague Dawley, con un peso inicial promedio de 85g se dividieron en tres grupos, un grupo control sin fibra, un grupo alimentado con harina de caraotas negras y un grupo con harina de avena por 21 días. Los animales fueron sacrificados, el intestino delgado se dividió en tres porciones (proximal, media, y distal), y se obtuvo un homogenato por raspado de la mucosa. Resultados: La actividad de las disacaridasas se estimó mediante la determinación de glucosa por un método enzimático con peroxidasa. El orden de actividad enzimática fue Maltasa > Sacarasa > Lactasa, obteniéndose una mayor actividad en la región intestinal media para cada disacaridasa. El consumo de harina de caraotas produjo un incremento significativo en la actividad de la maltasa y sacarasa, en esta última, de más de un 100% en relación con el control. La suplementación de las dietas con avena produjo una disminución de la actividad de la sacarasa de un 40% y no produjo ningún efecto sobre la actividad de la maltasa y lactasa. Conclusiones: Estos resultados señalan que el efecto que produce la ingesta crónica de fibra dietética sobre la actividad de las disacaridasas intestinales no se puede generalizar, cada enzima reacciona de manera particular frente a cada tipo de fibra, y puede variar además, según el segmento del intestino delgado estudiado (AU)

Objective: In this work was studied the effect of chronic intake of black beans flour and oat flour on the activity of the intestinal disaccharidases in rats. Methodology: 15 Sprague Dawley rats, with an initial average weight of 85g were distributed, into three groups, a fiber free control group, a group fed with black beans flour and a group with oat flour for 21 days. Then, the rats were sacrificed and the small intestine was divided into three sections (proximal, medial, and distal). The homogenate was obtained by scraping the mucosa of each section. Results: The activity of the disaccharidases was estimated by the glucose determination using peroxidase enzymatic method. The order of enzyme activity was maltase> Sucrase > lactase, obtaining a greater activity in the middle intestinal region for each disaccharidase. The consumption of beans flour produced a significant increase in the activity of maltase and sucrase, the latter, with more than 100% in relation to control. Diets with oats supplementation resulted in a decrease of 40% sucrase activity and did not produce any effect on the activity of maltase and lactase. Conclusions: These results indicate that the effect of chronic dietary fiber intake on the activity of intestinal disaccharidases cannot be generalized, each enzyme reacts in a particular way to each type of fiber and may also vary according to the segment of the small intestine (AU)

The effect of dietary wheat bran on sucrose-induced changes of serum glucose and lipids in rats / El efecto del salvado de trigo en la dieta sobre los cambios inducidos por la sacarosa de glucosa y los lípidos en suero en ratas

Introduction: wheat bran has been known for many health benefits, but its glucose- and lipid-lowering activity still remains unresolved. Objective: to investigate effects of varying amounts of wheat bran and feeding period on serum glucose and lipids in sucrose-fed rats. Methods: eighty male Sprague–Dawley rats were assigned into 4 sucrose-based diets containing either 0, 5, 10 or 20% wheat bran (WB) and given ad libitum to rats for 4, 8, 12 or 16 weeks. Serum glucose, total cholesterol (TC), low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C and HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), phospholipids (PL) and total lipids (TL) were quantified at end of each feeding period and other biological parameters were assessed. Results: in all feeding periods, food intake showed ascending linear trend (p < 0.05), whereas body weight did not respond to WB. Compared to 0%, 10 or 20% WB induced decrease (p < 0.05) in TC (16 weeks) and HDL-C (12 or 16 weeks), whereas 5, 10 or 20% WB induced similar decrease in PL (4 or 12 weeks), TL (all periods) and glucose (4 or 8 weeks). This glucose- and lipid- lowering effect was substantiated by descending linear responses (p < 0.05) to WB. PL and TL descending responses to WB were seen in all feeding periods. TG exhibited no change with WB, but linearly responded (4 or 8 weeks). Differences in glucose or lipid variables of rats fed WB diets for all feeding periods were less evident. Conclusions: results suggest that wheat bran reduces serum glucose and lipids mainly phospholipids in sucrose fed rats in an interaction that is likely to have clinical implications in cardiometabolic conditions (AU)

Introducción: son conocidos los muchos beneficios del salvado de trigo para la salud, pero su glucosa y la actividad hipolipemiante aún sigue sin resolverse. Objetivos: investigar los efectos de cantidades variables de salvado de trigo en la alimentación sobre la glucosa en suero y los lípidos en ratas alimentadas con sacarosa. Métodos: se asignaron a ochenta ratas Sprague-Dawley macho cuatro dietas a base de sacarosa que contenían 0, 5, 10 o 20% de salvado de trigo (WB) dadas ad libitum a las ratas durante 4, 8, 12 o 16 semanas. Glucosa sérica, colesterol total (CT), colesterol de baja y alta densidad de lipoproteínas (LDL -C y HDL -C), los triglicéridos (TG), fosfolípidos (PL) y lípidos totales (TL) se cuantificaron al final de cada período de alimentación y otros parámetros biológicos se evaluaron. Resultados: en todos los períodos de alimentación, la ingesta de alimentos mostró una tendencia lineal ascendente (p < 0,05), mientras que el peso corporal no respondió a WB. En comparación con 0%, 10% o 20 inducida WB disminución (p < 0.05) en TC (16 semanas) y HDL-C (12 o 16 semanas), mientras que 5, 10 o 20% WB inducida disminución similar en PL (4 o 12 semanas), TL (todos los períodos) y glucosa (4 u 8 semanas). Este efecto de glucosa y lípidos bajar se justificó descendiendo respuestas lineales (p < 0.05) a WB. PL y TL descendente respuestas a WB se observaron en todos los períodos de alimentación. TG exhibió ningún cambio con WB, pero respondió linealmente (4 u 8 semanas). Las diferencias en la glucosa o lípidos variables de ratas alimentadas con dietas WB para todos los períodos de alimentación fueron menos evidentes. Conclusiones: los resultados sugieren que el salvado de trigo reduce la glucosa y los lípidos en suero, principalmente fosfolípidos, en ratas alimentadas con sacarosa en una interacción que puede tener implicaciones clínicas en condiciones cardiometabólicas (AU)

The density and species of mite breeding in the stored products in China / Densidad y especies de ácaros reproducidas en los productos almacenados en China

Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the species and breeding density of acaroid mites in stored products in China. Methods: We tentatively harvested the samples from the products stored in warehouses, commercial stores and civilian houses, and the products. Results: The results suggested the mites varied a lot in species regarding their ecological habitus and habitat. Still, the breeding density in different samples was associated with the sampling conditions. Conclusions: These discrepancies may be associated with the samples collected in diverse environment for the mites, and the findings easily suggest that acaroid mites are in universal distribution (AU)

Objetivo: El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue investigar las especies y la densidad de reproducción de ácaros en productos almacenados en China. Métodos: Provisionalmente, se recogieron muestras de productos almacenados en naves, locales comerciales yviviendas. Resultados: Los resultados sugirieron que los ácaros varíaban mucho en cuanto a especies respecto a sus hábitos y habitats ecológicos. Aún así, la densidad de reproducción en distintas muestras estuvo asociada a las condiciones de muestreo. Conclusiones: Estas discrepancias pueden estar asociadas con las muestras recogidas en diversos ambientes para los ácaros, y los resultados sugieren visiblemente que los ácaros tienen una distribución universal (AU)

Addition of dietary fiber sources to shakes reduces postprandial glycemia and alters food intake / La adición de fuentes de fibra dietética a batidos reduce la glucemia posprandial y altera la ingesta de alimentos

Introduction: Obesity and Type 2 diabetes may be controlled by foods capable of modulating food intake and blood glucose. Objectives: We investigated whether the addition of food sources of fiber or phaseolamin to shakes can control food intake and reduce postprandial glycemia. Methods: This was a randomized, single blind, crossover design study (food intake: n=22; glycemia: n=10). Five liquid meals presenting similar amounts of macronutrients (C - control shake, OB - oat bran shake, F - flaxseed shake, WB - white bean extract shake, and UB - unripe banana flour shake) were consumed in five non-consecutive days. Participants kept dietary records during the subsequent 24 hours. Blood glucose was measured at 0 (immediately before), 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after the ingestion of each shake and the incremental areas under the curves (iAUC) were calculated. Results: Compared to C, there was a significant increase in fiber intake after the consumption of OB (+17.9g), F (+19.1g), and UB (+12.6g), and in fat after the consumption of OB (+25,4g). There was a non-significant reduction of daily energy intake in F compared to C (1524kJ; P=0.10). There was a 43% reduction in the iAUC (P=0.03) in response to UB consumption. Conclusions: Unripe banana flour reduced postprandial glycemic response of shakes almost by half. The effect of oat bran and flaxseed on food intake needs further investigation in long-term studies (AU)

Introducción: Obesidad y diabetes de tipo 2 pueden ser controlados por alimentos capaces de modular la ingesta de alimentos y la glucemia. Objetivos: Se investigó si la adición de alimentos fuentes de fibra o fasolamina a batidos puede controlar la ingesta de alimentos y reducir la glucemia posprandial. Métodos: Estudio aleatorizado, simple ciego, de diseño cruzado (ingesta de alimentos:n=22; glucemia:n=10). Cinco batidos con cantidades similares de macronutrientes (C - control batido, SA - salvado de avena batido, L - linaza batido, FB - extracto de frijol blanco batido y PI - harina de plátano no maduro batido) fueron consumidos en cinco días no consecutivos. Las participantes registraron la ingesta de alimentos en las 24 horas subsiguientes. La glucosa en sangre se midió a 0 (inmediatamente antes), 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 y 120 minutos después de la ingestión de cada batido y se calcularon las áreas incrementales bajo las curvas (AIBC). Resultados: En comparación a C, hubo un aumento significativo en la ingesta de fibra después de que el consumo de SA(+17,9g), SL(+19,1g), y PI(+12,6g), y en la grasa después del consumo de SA(+25,4g). Se encontró una reducción no significativa de la ingesta diaria de energía en L (1524kJ, P=0,10) en comparación con C. Hubo una reducción del 43% en el AIBC (P=0,03) en respuesta al consumo PI. Conclusiones: Harina de plátano no maduro reduce la respuesta glucémica posprandial de batidos casi a la mitad. El efecto de salvado de avena y linaza en la ingesta de alimentos requiere mayor investigación en estudios a largo plazo (AU)

Glycemic response to Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L) in healthy subjects and with the in vitro hydrolysis index / Respuesta glucémica de algarrobo (Ceratonia siliqua L) en sujetos sanos y con el índice de hidrólisis in vitro

The purpose of this study was to determine the in vivo glycemic index of carob tablets with healthy subjects and to determine the in vitro glycemic index of carob tablets and carob flour by the hydrolysis index. Seven healthy volunteers consumed portions of carob tablets containing 26g of available carbohydrate. Their capillary blood was taken at intervals after carob or glucose consumption. The glycemic hydrolysis index by an in vitro technique was based in the release of glucose after enzymatic treatment of carob tablets and carob flour. The determination of the fiber content was performed using the enzymatic- gravimetric method. By the in vivo determination, the estimated glycemic index of carob tablets could be considered low (≤ 55). By the in vitro determination, the estimated glycemic index ranged from 40.1+0.02 of carob tablets to 40.6+0.05 of carob flour. The total fiber values obtained for carob flour samples were from 42.6% ± 0.49 to 42.9% ± 0.68 with no statistical significant differences between samples. Carob tablets and carob flour could be classified as low glycemic index food and low glycemic load food. Carob flour is a high fiber food, containing mainly high levels of insoluble fiber (AU)

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivos determinar el índice glucémico in vivo de barras de algarroba en individuos saludables y determinar el índice glucémico in vitro de barras de algarroba y harina de algarroba, utilizando el índice de hidrólisis. Siete voluntarios saludables consumieron porciones de barras de algarroba conteniendo 26 g de carbohidratos. Se han recolectado muestras de sangre capilar tras la ingestión de barras de algarroba y de glucosa. El índice de glucosa in vitro se basó en la liberación de glucosa tras el tratamiento enzimático de barras de harina de algarroba. La determinación de fibras se realizó por el método enzimático-gravimétrico. Por la determinación in vitro, el índice glicémico estimado puede ser considerado bajo (≤ 55). Por la determinación in vitro, el índice glicémico varió entre 40.1±0.02 (barras) y 40.6±0.05 (harina). El tenor de fibra alimentaria encontrado fue del 42.6% ± 0.49 a 42.9% ± 0.68, sin diferencias estadísticas entre las uestras. Las barras de harina de algarroba pueden ser clasificadas como alimentos de bajo índice glicémico y de baja carga glucémica. La harina de algarroba presenta alto tenor de fibras alimentarias, sobre todo fibras insolubles (AU)

The new latex allergen hev b 15: IgE-binding properties of a recombinant serine protease inhibitor

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Women with metabolic syndrome improve antrophometric and biochemical parameters with green banana flour consumption / Las mujeres con síndrome metabólico mejoran los parámetros antropométricos y bioquímicos con el consumo de «green banana flour»

Background: Consumption of green banana flour (GBF) may promote health benefits, such as, decreased appetite, weight loss, glycemic control, intestinal function and lipid profile improvement, aging delay, cancer and heart disease prevention. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of green banana flour consumption on anthropometric and biochemical parameters in overweight women. Methods: The glycemic index of flour in the study was determined. The effects of consumption of 20 g of green banana flour/day on weight, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, waist and hip circumference, body composition, hemoglobin, lipid profile, glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, liver function and energy intake were evaluated in 25 overweight women for 45 days. Results: The glycemic index of the flour under study was classified as low. Reduction (p < 0.05) in systolic blood pressure, hip circumference and fasting glucose levels were found in women who had metabolic syndrome criteria. Conclusions: Consumption of green banana flour (20 g/day) for 45 days did not promote weight loss or changes in body composition in overweight women. It was noted, however, decreased hip circumference. Significant health parameter improvements were also noted in individuals with metabolic syndrome, which showed a reduction in systolic blood pressure and fasting glucose (AU)

Introducción: El consumo de «green banana flour» (GBF) puede contribuir para la salud como, por ejemplo, aumento en las sensaciones de saciedad , pérdida de peso , control de la glucemia y mejora de la función intestinal y el perfil lipídico, retraso del envejecimiento y la prevención del cáncer y de las enfermedades del corazón. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar los efectos del consumo de GBF sobre los parámetros antropométricos y bioquímicos de las mujeres con exceso de peso. Métodos: Se determinó el índice glucémico de la harina en el estudio. Los efectos del consumo diario de 20 g de GBF en peso, índice de masa corporal (IMC), presión arterial, circunferencia de la cintura y de la cadera, la composición corporal, los niveles de hemoglobina, glucosa e insulina, resistencia insulínica, en la función del hígado y la ingesta alimentaria se evaluaron en 25 mujeres con exceso de peso durante 45 días. Resultados: El índice glucémico de harina estudiada fue clasificado como bajo. Fue encontrado reducción (p < 0,05) en la presión arterial sistólica, en la circunferencia de la cadera y en la glicemia en mujeres que tenían los criterios de síndrome X metabólico. Conclusiones: El consumo de harina de plátano sin madurar durante 45 días no promueve la pérdida de peso o los cambios en la composición corporal en mujeres con sobrepeso. Sin embargo, hubo una reducción de la circunferencia de la cadera. Se observó también una mejoría significativa en importantes factores de salud en mujeres con síndrome X metabólico, tales como una reducción en la presión arterial sistólica y de la glucemia (AU)

A polyphasic approach to study the dynamics of microbial population of an organic wheat sourdough during its conversion to gluten-free sourdough

To develop a method for organic gluten-free (GF) sourdough bread production, a long-term and original wheat sourdough was refreshed with GF flours. The dynamics of the sourdough microbiota during five months of back-slopping were analyzed by classical enumeration and molecular methods, including PCR-temporal temperature gel electrophoresis (PCR-TTGE), multiplex PCR, and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The results showed that the yeast counts remained constant, although Saccharomyces cerevisiae, present in the initial wheat sourdough, was no longer detected in the GF sourdough, while lactic acid bacteria (LAB) counts increased consistently. In the first phase, which was aimed at obtaining a GF sourdough from wheat sourdough, Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis, L. plantarum, and L. spicheri were the main LAB species detected. During the second phase, aimed at maintaining the GF sourdough, the L. plantarum and L. spicheri populations decreased whereas L. sanfranciscensis persisted and L. sakei became the predominant species. Multiplex PCRs also revealed the presence of several L. sakei strains in the GF sourdough. In a search for the origin of the LAB species, PCR-TTGE was performed on the flour samples but only L. sanfranciscensis was detected, suggesting a flour origin for this typical sourdough species. Thus, while replacement of the wheat flour by GF flour influenced the sourdough microbiota, some of the original sourdough LAB and yeast species remained in the GF sourdough (AU)

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Prolonged flaxseed flour intake decreased the thickness of the aorta and modulates some modifiable risk factors related to cardiovascular disease in rats / La ingesta prolongada de harina de linaza disminuyó el espesor de la aorta y modula algunos factores de riesgo modificables relacionados con la enfermedad cardiovascular en ratas

Cardiovascular diseases are a major public health problem. Different risk factors have been recognized as the main causes of the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Flaxseed is a source of dietary fiber, lignans, and alpha-linolenic acid. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of prolonged supplementation with flaxseed flour as preventive therapy on cardiovascular risk parameters in healthy Wistar rats. Material and Methods: Female Wistar rats were divided into two groups after giving birth and during lactation period: the control group was fed with diet based on casein and the flaxseed group was fed with dietbased on casein containing 25% of flaxseed flour. At weaning, 10 male offspring from each group continued to receive the same diets from their mothers during 250days. The body weight, visceral fat mass, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, VLDL, glucose and thickness of the aorta were analyzed. Results: The body weight, visceral fat mass, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, VLDL, glucose and thickness of the aorta values were statistically lower when compared to control group. Conclusion: The data suggest that flaxseed flour supplementation in healthy wistar rats for a prolonged period may decrease the thickness of the aorta and maybe used as a preventive measure in modulating some modifiable risk factors related to cardiovascular disease (AU)

Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son un problema de salud pública. Diferentes factores de riesgo han sido reconocidos como las principales causas del desarrollo y la progresión de las enfermedades cardiovasculares. La linaza es una fuente de fibra dietética, lignanos, y el ácido alfa-linolénico. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los efectos de la suplementación prolongada con harina de linaza como tratamiento preventivo de los parámetros de riesgo cardiovascular en ratas Wistar saludables. Material y métodos: Ratas hembras Wistar fueron divididas en dos grupos después de dar a luz y durante el período de lactancia: el grupo de control fue alimentado con una dieta basada en caseína y el grupo de la linaza se alimentó con una dieta basada en caseína que contiene25% de harina de linaza. Al destete, 10 ratas macho de la camada de cada grupo siguió recibiendo las mismas dietas de sus madres durante 250 días. El peso corporal, la masa grasa visceral, colesterol, triglicéridos, HDL,VLDL, la glucosa y el grosor de la aorta fueron analizado. Resultados: El peso corporal, la masa grasa visceral, colesterol, triglicéridos, HDL, VLDL, la glucosa y el grosor de la aorta esos valores fueron estadísticamente menor en comparación con el grupo control. Conclusión: Los datos sugieren que la suplementación on harina de linaza en ratas Wistar saludables durante un período prolongado puede disminuir el espesor de la aorta y puede ser utilizado como una medida preventiva en la modulación de algunos factores de riesgo modificables relacionados con la enfermedad cardiovascular (AU)