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1.
Av. odontoestomatol ; 39(6): 285-299, Oct-Dic, 2023. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-232038

RESUMO

Introducción: El quiste odontogénico glandular (QOG) tiene una diversidad de características epidemiológicas, clínicas e imagenológicas. El propósito de la presente revisión fue analizarla epidemiología, clínica, imagenología junto con la agresividad, tratamiento, seguimiento y recidiva de QOG en la literatura actual. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de casos clínicos de QOG publicados entre 2012-2022 en PubMed, Web of Science y Science Direct que tuvieran información epidemiológica, clínica e imagenológica junto a su confirmación histopatológica a través de descripción e imágenes. Resultados: Se incluyeron 27 artículos con 30QOG. Los QOG se presentaron entre los 7 y 78 años. Su tiempo de evolución promedio fue de un año. Se observaron mayoritariamente en región posterior de mandíbula y sin sintomatología. Mayoritariamente fueron radiolúcidos, uniloculares, con bordes definidos y corticalizados y presentaron expansión ósea. Presentaron características agresivas como gran tamaño, perforación ósea y los dientes involucrados tendieron a tenerespacio periodontal infiltrado, desplazamiento y rizálisis. La mayoría de los QOG se trataron con enucleación y no recidivaron. Conclusiones: Se observaron QOG con características que difieren de la literatura clásica en edad, tiempo de evolución, sintomatología, patrón imagenológico, presentación bilateral y ubicación. La imagenología del QOG tiene un comportamiento por lo general, agresivo. En tanto, su agresividad estuvo asociada con su mayor tamaño, borramiento y/o infiltración cortical, perforación ósea, espacio periodontal infiltrado, rizalisis externa y al compromiso de estructuras anatómicas adyacentes. Teniendo en cuenta estas características, los tratamientos de descompresión y exéresis, junto a seguimientos menores a 5 años podrían recidivar. (AU)


Introduction: Glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) has a diversity of epidemiological, clinical and imaging characteristics. The purpose of this review was to analyze the epidemiology, clinic, and imaging, along with aggressiveness, treatment, follow-up, and recurrence of GOC in the current literature. Materials and methods: A systematic search for clinical cases of GOC published between 2012-2022 was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science and Science Direct. Epidemiological, clinical and imaging information, along with their histopathological confirmation through description and images had to be present in the articles. Results: 27 articles with 30 GOC were included. GOC was found to be present between 7 and 78 years. Its average evolution time was one year. They were observed mostly in the posterior mandible and were asymptomatic. They were mostly radiolucent, unilocular, with defined and corticated borders and presented bone expansion. They presented aggressive characteristics such as larger size, bone perforation and the teeth involved tended to have infiltrated periodontal space, displacement and root resorption. GOC were mostly treated with enucleation and did not present recurrence. Conclusions: GOC was observed with atypical characteristics, which differ from classical literature in terms of age, time of evolution, symptomatology, imaging pattern, bilateral presentation and location. Imaging of QOG generally has an aggressive behavior. Its aggressiveness was associated with its larger size, cortical effacement and/or infiltration, bone perforation, infiltrated periodontal space, root resorption, and involvement of adjacent anatomical structures. Considering the characteristics mentioned above, decompression and excision treatments, together with follow-up of less than 5 years, could lead to recurrence. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Cisto Odontogênico Calcificante , Diagnóstico por Imagem , Prática Profissional , Maxila , Mandíbula , Odontólogos
2.
Pharm. pract. (Granada, Internet) ; 21(3): 1-7, jul.-sep. 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-226163

RESUMO

Background: Continuing professional development and continuing education are important components of professional practice for pharmacists. Mandatory continuing professional development requirements have been introduced in several countries, including Jordan. However, information on the uptake of continuing professional development is lacking, particularly in the Jordanian context. Objective: This study’s principal aim was to investigate community pharmacists’ views of continuing professional development and to explore pharmacists’ perceptions of the most common facilitators and barriers to participation in continuing education. Methods: A series of seven focus group sessions were undertaken with groups of four to seven community pharmacists. Focus group transcripts were thematically analyzed using a qualitative data analysis method. Results: The study included 34 pharmacists out of 95 who received invitation letters. Four key themes were identified: (1) community pharmacists’ attitudes toward continuing professional development; (2) perceived motivating factors for continuing professional development; (3) experienced barriers to continuing professional development; (4) and potential strategies for improving pharmacists’ continuing professional development. In terms of attitudes, participants generally understood the concept of continuing professional development. Motivating factors were mainly attributed to personal, work-related, and service provision-related factors. However, experienced barriers that could prevent community pharmacists from participating in continuing professional development despite their motivation were: barriers pertaining to workload, barriers pertaining to pharmacists, and barriers related to lack of resources. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Farmacêuticos , Educação Continuada em Farmácia , Grupos Focais , Atitude , Prática Profissional , Motivação , Entrevistas como Assunto
3.
Radiología (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 65(2): 133-148, mar.- abr. 2023. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-217616

RESUMO

La telerradiología es la trasmisión electrónica de imágenes radiológicas de una localización a otra con el propósito principal de interpretar o consultar un diagnóstico y debe estar sujeta a códigos de conducta consensuados por sociedades profesionales. Se analiza el contenido de 14 guías de buenas prácticas de telerradiología. Sus principios rectores son: el mejor interés y beneficio del paciente, estándares de calidad y seguridad homologables al servicio de radiología local, y utilización como complemento y apoyo del mismo. Como obligaciones legales: garantizar los derechos aplicando el principio de país de origen del paciente, establecer requisitos en telerradiología internacional y seguro de responsabilidad civil. Con respecto al proceso radiológico: integración con el proceso del servicio local, garantizar la calidad de imágenes e informes, el acceso a los estudios e informes previos y cumplir los principios de radioprotección. En relación con los requisitos profesionales: cumplir con los registros, licencias y cualificaciones exigidas, formación y capacitación del radiólogo y técnico, prevención de prácticas fraudulentas, respeto a las normas laborales y remuneración del radiólogo. La subcontratación debe estar justificada, gestionando el riesgo de comoditización. Cumplimiento de estándares técnicos del sistema (AU)


Teleradiology is the electronic transmission of radiological images from one location to another with the main purpose of interpreting or consulting a diagnosis and must be subject to codes of conduct agreed upon by professional societies. The content of fourteen teleradiology best practice guidelines is analyzed. Their guiding principles are: the best interest and benefit of the patient, quality and safety standards homologous to the local radiology service, and use as a complement and support of the same. As legal obligations: guaranteeing rights by applying the principle of the patient's country of origin, establishing requirements in international teleradiology and civil liability insurance. Regarding the radiological process: integration with the local service process, guaranteeing the quality of images and reports, access to previous studies and reports and complying with the principles of radioprotection. Regarding professional requirements: compliance with the required registrations, licenses and qualifications, training and qualification of the radiologist and technician, prevention of fraudulent practices, respect for labor standards and remuneration of the radiologist. Subcontracting must be justified, managing the risk of commoditization. Compliance with the system's technical standards (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Telerradiologia/legislação & jurisprudência , Telerradiologia/métodos , Prática Profissional , Mercantilização
4.
Metas enferm ; 26(2): 49-57, Mar. 2023. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-216555

RESUMO

La propuesta que se presenta es fruto, por un lado, de los resultados del proyecto “IPACAT22: Consenso sobre los aspectos clave del modelo de la práctica avanzada en Cataluña”, realizado con la participación de 24 enfermeras representantes de asociaciones científicas enfermeras o multidisciplinares de Cataluña. Por otro lado, es también fruto del apasionante, relevante y a veces difícil debate entre los miembros del equipo con diferentes trayectorias profesionales y distintos puntos de vista que enriquecen el objetivo común. Es oportuno presentar los resultados del debate, basados en el rigor, y los resultados de los proyectos de investigación por la mejora y el avance de la enfermera de práctica avanzada. Este debate también desempeña un rol importante en el entorno profesional para ejercer un liderazgo efectivo en las organizaciones y en el sistema de salud. Estamos convencidas de que este documento puede ser un punto de partida para configurar el modelo de la enfermera de práctica avanzada en nuestro contexto.(AU)


The proposal presented is the result, on one hand, of the outcomes of the Project “IPACAT22: Consensus on the key aspects of the model for advanced practice in Catalonia”, prepared with the participation of 24 nurses representing multidisciplinary or nursing scientific associations of Catalonia. On the other hand, it is also the result of the exciting, relevant, and sometimes difficult discussion among the team members with different professional careers and point of views which enhance the common objective. It is appropriate to present the outcomes of this discussion, based on rigour and results of the research projects for the improvement and progress of advanced practice nurses. This discussion also represents a major role in the professional setting, to conduct an effective leadership in organizations and the health system. We are convinced that this document can be a starting point to set up the model for the advanced practice nurse in our setting.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Prática Avançada de Enfermagem/educação , Prática Avançada de Enfermagem/métodos , Prática Avançada de Enfermagem/tendências , Especialidades de Enfermagem , Política de Saúde , Autonomia Profissional , Prática Profissional , Enfermagem , Espanha
5.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-214645

RESUMO

Background/Objectives: Current research has identified direct victimization at home as one of the main predictors of child-to-parent violence (CPV). However, the mechanisms involved in this relationship have not been studied. Thus, we first analyze the differences between CPV offenders and offenders who have committed other types of offenses, as well as the differences between two types of CPV offenders: specialists (those who have only committed CPV) and generalists (those who have committed CPV in addition to other offenses), in multiple risk factors. Next, we specifically examine direct victimization at home and its relationship with social-cognitive processing in CPV. Method: The sample consisted of 208 Spanish young offenders recruited from the Juvenile Justice Service (163 males) aged 14-20 years. Concretely, 83 were CPV offenders, 126 other offenders and concerning the CPV group, 57 were specialists and 26 generalists. A wide range of individual, family, and social variables were evaluated. Results: Compared to other offenders, CPV offenders show more socio-cognitive difficulties, less parental warmth and more parental criticism/rejection, more direct victimization at home and more vicarious victimization at school and in the street. Specialist and generalist CPV offenders differ significantly in their characteristics, with the generalists showing a more negative profile than the specialists. (AU)


Antecedentes/Objetivos: La investigación actual ha identificado a la victimización directa en el hogar como uno de los principales predictores de la violencia filio-parental (VFP). Sin embargo, los mecanismos implicados en esta relación no han sido estudiados. Así, en el presente estudio analizamos, en primer lugar, las diferencias entre jóvenes infractores con delitos relacionados con la VFP y jóvenes infractores con otro tipo de delitos, así como las diferencias entre dos tipos de infractores: especialistas (los que han cometido sólo delitos relacionados con la VFP) y generalistas (los que han cometido delitos relacionados con la VFP y además otros delitos), en múltiples factores de riesgo. A continuación, examinamos específicamente la victimización directa en el hogar y su relación con el procesamiento socio-cognitivo en la VFP. Método: La muestra estuvo compuesta por 208 jóvenes infractores españoles reclutados en el Servicio de Justicia Juvenil (163 chicos) con edades comprendidas entre los 14 y los 20 años. Concretamente, 83 con delitos relacionados con la VFP (57 especialistas y 26 generalistas) y 126 con otros delitos. Se evaluó una amplia gama de variables individuales, familiares y sociales. Resultados: En comparación con otros infractores, los jóvenes con delitos relacionados con la VFP muestran más dificultades socio-cognitivas, menos calidez parental y más crítica/rechazo parental, más victimización directa en el hogar y más victimización vicaria en la escuela y en la calle. Los especialistas y generalistas difieren significativamente en sus características, mostrando los generalistas un perfil más negativo que los especialistas. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Violência Doméstica , Vítimas de Crime , Ira , Prática Profissional , Família
6.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-222044

RESUMO

Es necesario que exista una relación bidireccional entre la profesión de salud pública y el ámbito académico. Así, la salud pública mejorará su práctica profesional y la academia podrá realizar una docencia basada en la práctica. Esta nota de campo explica un avance legislativo en esta dirección. Con la finalidad de que las personas profesionales de instituciones sanitarias de salud pública puedan acceder a plazas permanentes de profesorado universitario, igual que acceden los profesionales del ámbito clínico, solicitamos a las personas diputadas de todos los grupos parlamentarios de la Comisión de Universidades incluir una enmienda modificando el artículo 70 del borrador de la Ley Orgánica del Sistema de Universidades (LOSU) con esta posibilidad. Finalmente, la LOSU se ha aprobado en marzo de 2023 con la modificación solicitada, lo que brinda una enorme oportunidad tanto a las instituciones de salud pública como al ámbito académico para avanzar en su relación bidireccional.(AU)


There needs to be a bidirectional relationship between the public health profession and academia. This will enhance their professional practice and the academy will be able to carry out practice-based teaching and research. This field note explains a legislative advance in this direction. So that professionals from public health institutions can access permanent positions as university professors, as well as the professionals in the clinical field, we ask several deputies from some parliamentary groups of the Universities Commission to include a reform that modifies article 70 of the project of Organic Law of the University System (LOSU in Spanish acronym) with this possibility. Ultimately, LOSU was approved in March 2023 with the requested amendment, providing a great opportunity for both public health institutions and academia to advance a bidirectional relationship.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Prática Profissional , Docentes , Universidades , Pessoal de Saúde/educação , Competência Profissional , Saúde Pública , Pesquisa , Educação em Saúde , Educação
7.
An. R. Acad. Nac. Farm. (Internet) ; 88(número extraordinario): 255-264, diciembre 2022.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-225720

RESUMO

La existencia de un Colegio de Farmacéuticos en todas las capitales de provincia y la inscripción de los farmacéuticos, en aquel que le correspondiera, son dos exigencias que emanan del Real Decreto de 12 de abril de 1898 (Gaceta de Madrid, 15-IV-1898). En el mes de septiembre de ese mismo año de 1898, Cecilio Núñez, farmacéutico establecido en el pueblo soriano de Agreda, en su trabajo «Datos Estadísticos» que vio la luz en La Farmacia Española, contabiliza 4.795 farmacias abiertas en toda España. Contabiliza, también, 365 partidos judiciales, lo que le permite concluir que a cada partido le correspondían de 13 a 14 farmacias y de que la media de habitantes por oficina de farmacia era de poco más de 2.593 almas. Resulta evidente, que este reparto de habitantes por oficina resultaba muy desigual de las zonas más pobladas a las menos e, incluso, de unas zonas del interior a otras.En el trabajo se analiza el desarrollo de los conocimientos farmacéuticos y la evolución del ejercicio profesional en la España rural durante los últimos años del siglo XIX y tres primeras décadas del siglo XX. Se presenta a unos profesionales con una cualificación científica muy alta, pero que viven, en muchos casos, en una situación económica precaria. Profesionales que, dejando aparte la función propiamente farmacéutica de preparación y dispensación de medicamentos, se implican en cuestiones higiénicos-sanitarias y que incluso, en no pocas ocasiones, tienen que asumir tareas de gestión municipal. (AU)


The existence of a College of Pharmacists in all provincial capitals and the registration of pharmacists, in the one that corresponds to them, are two requirements that emanate from the Royal Decree of 12-04-1898 (Gaceta de Madrid, 15-IV-1898). Cecilio Núñez, a pharmacist established in Agreda (Soria), in his work «Datos Estadísticos» (La Farmacia Española, 1898) counts 4.795 open pharmacies throughout Spain. 2.593 people corresponded to each pharmacy.In this paper analyzes the development of pharmaceutical knowledge and the evolution of professional practice in rural Spain during the last years of the 19th century and the first three decades of the 20th century. It is presented to professionals with a very high scientific qualification, but who live, in many cases, in a precarious economic situation. Professionals who, apart from the strictly pharmaceutical function of preparation and dispensing of medicines, are involved in hygienic-sanitary matters and who even, on many occasions, have to assume municipal management tasks. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , História do Século XX , História da Farmácia , Preparações Farmacêuticas , Prática Profissional , Espanha , Farmacêuticos
8.
Metas enferm ; 25(7): 49-56, Septiembre 2022. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-208079

RESUMO

Objetivo: conocer la visión de enfermeras de la Comunidad de Madrid sobre la vivencia de la profesión y el impacto que esta tiene en su felicidad. Método: estudio cualitativo fenomenológico realizado en enfermeras de la Comunidad de Madrid, las cuales fueron seleccionadas de manera intencional, buscando profesionales en activo de las principales áreas de ejercicio profesional. La recogida de la información se efectuó a través de entrevista semiestructurada. Tras la transcripción literal se procedió al análisis (codificación y generación de categorías y subcategorías). Fueron utilizados los criterios de credibilidad, transferencia, consistencia y confirmabilidad de Lincoln para garantizar la calidad del estudio. Resultados: los y las enfermeras participantes manifestaron que iniciaron sus estudios por vocación, siendo el acto de cuidar a los demás el motor de su felicidad laboral. Por otra parte, uno de los factores que impactan de manera directa en desarrollar sentimientos de frustración, insatisfacción e infelicidad en el trabajo es la falta de tiempo suficiente para brindar unos cuidados de calidad a sus pacientes, ya sea por falta de personal o por exceso de carga de trabajo. Conclusión: si bien en el ámbito individual, los y las profesionales de Enfermería son felices en el cuidado íntimo y cercano a los pacientes y sus familiares, en el ámbito colectivo, la profesión parece estar viviendo un momento de desafección e infelicidad, principalmente motivadas por aspectos externos a la propia prestación de estos cuidados, como son la gestión que se efectúa de su ejercicio diario y la imagen que existe sobre la profesión.(AU)


Objective: to understand the point of view of nurses in the Community of Madrid about their professional experience and its impact on their happiness. Method: a qualitative phenomenological study conducted in nurses from the Community of Madrid, who were purposively selected, looking for professionals currently working in the main areas of professional activity. Data collection was conducted through semistructured interviews. After verbatim transcription, there was subsequent analysis (coding and generation of categories and subcategories). Lincoln’s credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability criteria were used to guarantee the quality of the study. Results: the participating nurses claimed that they started studying by vocation, and the act of caring for others was the driver for their happiness at work. On the other hand, one of the factors with direct impact on the development of feelings of frustration, dissatisfaction and unhappiness at work was the lack of enough time to offer quality care to their patients, either due to lack of staff or excessive workload. Conclusion: although nursing professionals in their individual setting are happy in terms of personal and close care for patients and relatives, the profession seems to be going through a moment of disaffection and unhappiness in the collective setting, and this is mainly caused by aspects external to this provision of care, such as the management of their daily practice and the existing image of the profession.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Felicidade , 16360 , Satisfação no Emprego , Satisfação Pessoal , Prática Profissional , Escolha da Profissão , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros , Enfermagem , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Espanha , Inquéritos e Questionários
10.
Siglo cero (Madr.) ; 53(2): 125-144, Abr.-Jun. 2022. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-207014

RESUMO

La presencia de alumnado con Trastorno del Espectro del Autismo (TEA) ha aumentado considerablemente en las aulas. El propósito del estudio fue investigar la familiaridad, el uso y las necesidades formativas del profesorado de Audición y Lenguaje (AL) y Pedagogía Terapéutica (PT), a partir de sus percepciones sobre las prácticasbasadas en la evidencia (PBE) dirigidas a este alumnado. Se realizó un estudio de encuesta, mediante un cuestionario en línea del que se seleccionaron 116 respuestas. El análisis de datos se realizó desde un enfoque cuantitativo mediante estadística descriptiva, análisis inferencial y correlacional. Los resultados muestran la necesidad de formación percibida con respecto a estas prácticas; una familiaridad y uso inferior a lo indicado en estudios internacionales similares; y la identificación de las variables para el diseño de futuros planes formativos. Como conclusiones cabe señalar la necesidad de mejora de la formación inicial y permanente en estas prácticas, así como de ampliar su familiaridad para promover el posterior uso. Los planes formativos deberían dirigirse al profesorado que ha trabajado con menor número de alumnado con TEA, no ha recibido formación específica, con una percepción baja de competencia en la intervención y de que su práctica no se basa en la evidencia. (AU)


The presence of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has in-creased considerably in classrooms. The purpose of the study was to investigate the familiarity, use and training needs of Hearing and Language (AL) and Therapeutic Pedagogy (PT) teachers, based on their perceptions, on evidence-based practices (EBP) aimed at these students. A survey study was conducted using an online questionnaire from which 116 responses were selected. The data analysis was performed from a quan-titative approach using descriptive statistics, inferential and correlational analysis. The results indicate a perceived need for teacher training regarding these practices, lower familiarity and use than those obtained in similar studies carried out in other countries, and the identification of the target variables in the design of future training plans. Con-clusions include the need to improve initial and in-service training in these practices, as well as to expand their familiarity to promote later use. Training plans should be ad-dressed to teachers who have worked with a smaller number of students with ASD, who have not received specific training on the subject, with a low perception of competence in the intervention with these students, and with a perception that their teaching practice is not based on evidence. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transtorno Autístico , Transtorno do Espectro Autista , Capacitação de Professores , Prática Clínica Baseada em Evidências , Prática Profissional , Inquéritos e Questionários
11.
Pharm. pract. (Granada, Internet) ; 20(2): 1-6, Apr.-jun. 2022. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-210420

RESUMO

Background: The pharmaceutical profession has experienced renewals over time. In community pharmacies, pharmaceutical services contribute to the public health system in Brazil. The development of these tasks, in collaboration with professionals from the multidisciplinary team, demonstrates the involvement with the well-being, health and improvement of the patient’s life. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the professional practice of pharmacists, their understandings and attitudes towards clinical practice in community pharmacies in northern Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study, based on a questionnaire carried out with pharmacists for seven months in the municipality of Belém, in the state of Pará. Data were expressed using descriptive statistics and the results were shown as a percentage. Results: 182 pharmacists participated. Females were predominant (80.2%) and the average age of participants was 34.2 years. 77.4% graduated from private institutions and 59.3% already have a specialization. 38.4% hold the position of technical director. 50.5% of respondents say that community pharmacies have a reserved place for service. The most used clinical services were pharmacotherapy review (89.5%), health education (60.9%), dispensing (34%), therapeutic monitoring (25.8%) and pharmacotherapeutic follow-up (4.9%). In the study, it was realized that community pharmacies should not be seen as a commercial place but rather as a health care facility. Conclusions: Therefore, these establishments must adapt at a structural and professional level, to meet an increasingly growing demand of a population in need of services offered with quality health care. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Assistência Farmacêutica , Farmacêuticos , Prática Profissional , Farmácias , Estudos Transversais , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Brasil
12.
Rev. clín. esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 222(2): 82-90, feb. 2022. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-204623

RESUMO

Antecedentes y objetivo: Actualmente existe cierta divergencia entre las principales guías de práctica clínica sobre el manejo de los factores de riesgo de la enfermedad arterial periférica (EAP). El objetivo de este proyecto es conocer el manejo de los factores de riesgo de la EAP en la práctica clínica y alcanzar un consenso multidisciplinar sobre las estrategias que se tienen que seguir para optimizar su identificación, tratamiento y seguimiento. Metodología: Consenso multidisciplinar mediante metodología Delphi. Resultados: En la consulta participaron 130 profesionales con amplia experiencia en EAP. Los resultados sugieren que para optimizar el control de los factores de riesgo, los esfuerzos deben dirigirse a: 1) promover la involucramiento y concienciación de todas las especialidades en la identificación y el cribado de la enfermedad; 2) garantizar la posibilidad de realizar el índice tobillo-brazo (ITB) en todas las especialidades implicadas; 3) fomentar estrategias de deshabituación del tabaquismo mediante el uso de fármacos, programas o derivaciones a unidades especializadas; 4) promover el seguimiento de una alimentación adecuada basada en la dieta mediterránea y la prescripción de ejercicio diario; 5) concienciar sobre la importancia de alcanzar unos valores de colesterol unido a lipoproteínas de baja densidad (cLDL) inferiores a 70 mg/Dl, especialmente en pacientes sintomáticos, pero también en asintomáticos (< 55 mg/dL tras la publicación de la guía de la European Society of Cardiology y la European Atherosclerosis Society [ESC/EAS]); 6) recomendar el uso de antiagregantes plaquetarios en pacientes asintomáticos con diabetes mellitus (DM) y/o ITB patológico; y 7) protocolizar la reevaluación del ITB anualmente en pacientes de alto riesgo. Conclusión: Las 22 estrategias consensuadas en el presente documento pretenden ayudar a los profesionales a optimizar el manejo multidisciplinar de los factores de riesgo de la EAP (AU)


Introduction: There is currently a degree of divergence among the main clinical practice guidelines on the management of risk factors for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). This project aims to gain understanding of the management of PAD risk factors in clinical practice and to reach a multidisciplinary consensus on the strategies to be followed in order to optimize its identification, treatment, and follow-up. Methodology: A multidisciplinary consensus following the Delphi methodology. Results: Professionals (n = 130) with extensive experience in PAD participated in this consultation. The results suggest that in order to optimize the control of risk factors, efforts should be aimed at: (1) promoting the involvement and awareness of all specialists in the identification of and screening for the disease; (2) guaranteeing the possibility of evaluating the ankle-brachial index (ABI) in all the medical specialties involved; (3) promoting strategies for patients to quit smoking through the use of drugs, programs, or referrals to specialized units; (4) promoting an appropriate Mediterranean-based diet and the prescription of daily exercise; (5) raising awareness of the importance of ensuring LDL cholesterol values below 70 mg/dL, especially in symptomatic but also in asymptomatic patients (< 55 mg/dL following the publication of the ESC/EAS guide); (6) recommending the use of antiplatelet therapy in asymptomatic patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and/or a pathological ABI; and (7) protocolizing the annual evaluation of ABI in high-risk patients. Conclusion:This document presents the 22 agreed-upon strategies which are intended to help professionals optimize multidisciplinary management of PAD risk factors (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doença Arterial Periférica/etiologia , Consenso , Prática Profissional , Fatores de Risco
13.
Rev. med. cine ; 18(1): 65-69, ene.-mar. 2022. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-210045

RESUMO

Este filme argentino fue rodado en 1947 a partir de la novela brasileña homónima, cuyo título extracta un fragmento del Sermón de la Montaña. Más allá de los significados que apóstoles y filósofos cristianos otorgan al imperativo de mirar los lirios del campo, la novela y el filme exceden el de prescindir de las necesidades mundanas y proveen valiosas enseñanzas axiológicas para el ejercicio profesional y la vida cotidiana, ligadas todas a otros disvalores y valores. De tal modo, condenan las ambiciones vanas y el incumplimiento de un compromiso por ventajoso que resulte y, en contraste, rescatan la vida austera desprovista de lujos innecesarios, la redención personal y la paternidad responsable. (AU)


This Argentinean film was shot in 1947 from the homonymous Brazilian novel, whose title extracts a fragment of the Sermon on the Mount. Beyond the meanings given by Christian apostles and philosophers to the imperative of considering the lilies of the field, the novel and the film exceed that of not worrying on worldly needs and provide valuable axiological teachings for professional practice and daily life, all linked to other disvalues and values. In this regard, they condemn vain ambitions and the breach of a commitment, however advantageous it may be, and, in contrast, rescue the austere life devoid of unnecessary luxuries, personal redemption and responsible parenthood (AU)


Assuntos
História do Século XX , Filmes Cinematográficos , Coragem , Medicina nas Artes , Prática Profissional
14.
O.F.I.L ; 32(1): 51-56, enero 2022. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-205731

RESUMO

Objetivos: Analizar y validar los resultados obtenidos con una herramienta para la selección de pacientes clínicos con alta necesidad de seguimiento farmacoterapéutico exhaustivo. Presentar y evaluar un sistema de puntuación en base a factores predisponentes.Métodos: Estudio prospectivo, transversal, observacional y monocéntrico. Se analizaron y validaron los resultados de la herramienta de selección, a partir de los datos extraídos de la historia clínica de ingreso del paciente. Se recabaron datos demográficos y se calculó el porcentaje de selección de la herramienta, el tiempo de estancia, los reingresos y la muerte de los pacientes incluidos. Se construyó un sistema de puntuación a partir del odds ratio de las variables sexo, edad y tipo de ingreso al hospital.Resultados: La herramienta dividió en partes iguales a los pacientes con alta y baja necesidad de seguimiento farmacoterapéutico exhaustivo. Se observó que la edad de los pacientes en el primer grupo, así como también su estancia, cantidad de reingresos y eventos de muerte, era significativamente mayor en comparación con el grupo de baja necesidad. La edad avanzada, el sexo masculino y el ingreso de tipo clínico serían factores predisponentes, en la muestra de estudio, para la alta necesidad de seguimiento farmacoterapéutico.Conclusiones: La herramienta propuesta demostró poseer potencial clínico y operativo para ser implementada. Se construyó un sistema de puntuación teniendo en cuenta el peso de las variables sexo masculino, edad avanzada e ingreso de tipo clínico, el cual mostró resultados similares a los de la herramienta. (AU)


Objetives: Analyze and validate the results obtained with a tool for the selection of clinical patients with a high need for exhaustive pharmacotherapeutic follow-up. Present and evaluate a scoring system based on predisposing factors.Methods: Prospective, cross-sectional, observational and monocentric study. The results of the tool were analyzed and validated, based on the data extracted from the patient’s admission medical history. Demographic data were collected and the percentage of tool selection, length of stay, readmissions, and death of the included patients were calculated. A scoring system was constructed based on the adds ratio of the variables sex, age and type of hospital admission.Results: The tool divides patients with high and low need for exhaustive pharmacotherapeutic follow-up equally. It was observed that the age of patients in the first group, as well as their stay, number of readmissions, and death events, were significantly higher compared to the low need group. Advanced age, male sex, and clinical admission would be predisposing factors, in the study sample, for exhaustive pharmacotherapeutic follow-up.Conclusions: The proposed tool proved to have clinical and operational potential to be implemented. A scoring system was built with the corresponding weights for the variables male sex, advanced age and clinical admission, which showed results similar to the tool ones. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Pacientes , Farmácia , Assistência Centrada no Paciente , Prática Profissional
15.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-211433

RESUMO

La profesionalización de la enfermería en Brasil estuvo influenciada por el sistema Nightingale, especialmente con la llegada de las enfermeras norteamericanas en 1923. El modelo angloamericano subsidió la apertura de la Escuela Anna Nery y el movimiento de institucionalización continuó con la apertura de las escuelas, con la Escuela de la UFMG, la segunda bajo esta norma (1933). En éstos, es destacable la presencia de estudiantes mujeres blancas, que integraban élites locales, con moral aprobada. Sin embargo, como la realidad de la población brasileña era diversa, hubo una ruptura gradual de algunos paradigmas: la presencia de mujeres negras, religiosas y hombres que apoyaron el curso de profesionalización (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , História do Século XX , Modelos de Enfermagem , Escolas de Enfermagem/história , Prática Profissional/história , Gravação em Vídeo , Brasil
17.
Pharm. pract. (Granada, Internet) ; 19(4)oct.- dec. 2021. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-225594

RESUMO

Background: Vaccination rates remain suboptimal in multiple areas around the world in spite of evidence that immunization is one of the most effective interventions for precluding morbidity and mortality. Non-traditional vaccine providers are proposed to augment immunization coverage. Pharmacists can have multiple vital roles to educate, facilitate and immunize against vaccine-preventable diseases. Limited data are available around the expertise and practices of Lebanese pharmacists in providing immunization services. Objective: This study aimed to determine predictors that are associated with vaccine administration by pharmacists in Lebanon, and to assess experiences and practices in providing immunization. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that included pharmacists from all over Lebanon. A web-based self-administered validated questionnaire was adapted with permission. A snowball sampling technique was used to collect data through an electronic self-administered questionnaire between March and June 2021. The web-link to the survey was also shared by the Order of Pharmacists of Lebanon with all registered pharmacists to gather a sample from different districts all over Lebanon. Results: A total of 315 pharmacists were included. A significant positive association was found between completion of an immunization training program (ORa = 2.085, [95%CI 1.006:4.322], P = 0.048), full-time pharmacists (ORa = 2.504, [95%CI 1.156:5.426], P = 0.02), 1 to 4 years of practice experience (ORa = 3.855, [95%CI 1.849:8.039], P < 0.0001), geographic area of practice (ORa = 3.201, [95%CI 1.242:8.249], P = 0.016; ORa = 5.373, [95%CI 1.859:15.530], P = 0.002 for Beirut and Mount Lebanon respectively), educating the public about immunization (ORa = 3.012, [95%CI 1.281:7.083], P = 0.011); and vaccine administration (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prática Profissional , Imunização , Farmacêuticos , Vacinas , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Líbano
18.
Enferm. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 31(6): 390-395, Nov-Dic. 2021.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-220665

RESUMO

La agresión laboral a profesionales sanitarios por parte de los usuarios del sistema es un fenómeno multidimensional en alza, motivo de preocupación para aquellos que velan por la seguridad y salud de dichos profesionales. Aunque diferentes estudios señalan altos porcentajes de personal sanitario agredido, las estadísticas de declaraciones realizadas revelan datos muy inferiores. La infradeclaración de las agresiones laborales a sanitarios es un hecho conocido y referido en multitud de estudios y se presenta como un gran escollo a la hora de poder proponer medidas preventivas adecuadas, ya que las estadísticas en las que estas pueden basarse no corresponden a la verdadera casuística de todas las agresiones que se producen. Así mismo, dificulta el poder valorar correctamente la utilidad de las medidas preventivas adoptadas. El siguiente artículo hace un recorrido por los últimos estudios realizados sobre el tema, presentando una panorámica general sobre los factores que acompañan a las agresiones, así como de los motivos principales involucrados en que la infradeclaración se produzca. Destaca, además, en la literatura, la falta de instrumentos que hayan sido sometidos a un proceso de validación para medir esta infradeclaración. Por todo ello, es necesario seguir investigando en esta problemática con herramientas validadas que permitan conocer los motivos y circunstancias que acompañan y fomentan la infradeclaración de las agresiones a profesionales sanitarios. Conocer estos motivos es un paso previo para luchar contra la misma y poder conocer la verdadera magnitud del problema, de modo que los servicios de salud laboral puedan contar con datos precisos y desarrollar y evaluar medidas preventivas implementadas.(AU)


Work-related violence against healthcare workers inflicted by healthcare users is a rising multidimensional phenomenon, a cause of concern among those who ensure the safety and health of these professionals. Although different studies indicate high percentages of attacks against healthcare workers, statistics from reports reveal much lower data. Underreporting of occupational violence against healthcare workers is a well-known fact reported in many studies. It is presented as a major obstacle when it comes to proposing adequate preventive measures, because the data on which to base these measures do not correspond to the true incidence of all the assaults that take place. Underreporting also makes it difficult to correctly assess the usefulness of preventive measures implemented. The following article looks at the latest studies carried out on the subject, presenting an overview of the factors accompanying these assaults, as well as the main reasons for this underreporting. It also highlights the lack in the literature of instruments designed to measure underreporting that have undergone a validation process. For all these reasons, this problem requires further study with validated tools to determine the reasons and circumstances that accompany and promote the underreporting of violence against healthcare workers. Knowing these reasons is a preliminary step in the fight against workplace violence and to measure the true magnitude of the problem, to provide the occupational health services with precise data and develop and assess the preventive measures implemented.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoal de Saúde , Saúde Ocupacional , Prática Profissional , Agressão , Violência no Trabalho
19.
Pharm. pract. (Granada, Internet) ; 19(3)jul.- sep. 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-225573

RESUMO

Mental illnesses cause significant disease burden globally, with medicines being a major modality of treatment for most mental illnesses. Pharmacists are accessible and trusted healthcare professionals who have an important role in supporting people living with mental illness. This commentary discusses the role of pharmacists in mental healthcare, as part of multidisciplinary teams, the current evidence to support these roles, and the training, remuneration and policy changes needed to recognize these roles and embed pharmacists as core members of the mental healthcare team (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Assistência Farmacêutica/tendências , Serviços de Saúde Mental , Prática Profissional , Suicídio/prevenção & controle , Psicotrópicos/administração & dosagem , Prática Clínica Baseada em Evidências
20.
Pharm. pract. (Granada, Internet) ; 19(3)jul.- sep. 2021. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-225582

RESUMO

Background: Pharmacists report to be providing patient-focused clinical services for which they receive no remuneration. Limited literature exists about unfunded services leading to difficulties in ascertaining an appropriate study design for such research. Objective: This study aims to assess the appropriateness of a proposed study design before launching a nationwide study to investigate the provision of unfunded patient care services. Methods: A multi-methods approach was utilised consisting of (1) continuous time motion study in community pharmacies (2) semi structured patient interviews (3) patient follow up (4) semi structured interviews with pharmacy owners/managers. All observations of unfunded patient care services were recorded, numerically coded and descriptively analysed. Semi structured interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. A semantic thematic analysis was carried out. Appropriateness of study design was dictated by the ability to characterise services and obtain patient perceptions. Results: Ten pharmacies took part in the feasibility study, across the city of Dunedin, New Zealand, representing a range of different practice settings and demographics. Ten patients were interviewed and six responded to follow up. Both pharmacy and patient recruitment proved challenging due to concerns around disruption to workflow and patient privacy. A continuous observation time motion study was found to be appropriate as it minimises disruption to workflow with no additional work required from the pharmacy teams. Conclusions: A continuous observation time motion study proved to be an appropriate method to investigate the provision of unfunded services on a national scale. The findings of the study suggest design changes such as length of observation time, increasing patient recruitment and additional patient questions to enhance the nationwide study (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Serviços Comunitários de Farmácia , Prática Profissional , Fluxo de Trabalho , Remuneração , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Estudos de Viabilidade , Nova Zelândia
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