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1.
Rev. psicol. deport ; 32(4): 415-423, Oct 15, 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-228883

RESUMO

The English language, similar to all languages, serves as a vessel for conveying the cultural nuances of English-speaking nations. Notably, sports, being a significant component of culture, naturally infiltrates the language. A considerable number of words, phrases, and expressions within the English language find their roots in various sports, thus substantially enhancing the lexicon of the language. Leveraging translated sports media for enhancing the overall quality of sports engagement among college students is aimed at nurturing accurate sports principles and a perpetual sports awareness. This endeavour has emerged as a pivotal facet within the domain of social science and sports research innovation. In the context of the psychological characteristics inherent in provincial college students, a comprehensive research methodology is employed to scrutinize and assess the present state of college students' interaction with sports media, alongside the factors shaping the sporting values embraced by college students in the region. Drawing upon the results of a conducted survey, the primary motives behind college students' admiration for sports celebrities include the capacity to idolize sports stars (43.66%), appreciation for the athletic prowess displayed by these luminaries (40.12%), respect for sports figures (34.63%), recognition of their professional attributes, and other qualities they embody (25.87%). Notably, a considerable portion of those who hold sports stars in high esteem also exhibit elevated economic means (12.91%). The authors explored and examined the college students' exposure to translated sports media content, along with the media's influence on their sports-related values, active involvement in sports, and extracurricular pursuits, impart valuable theoretical insights pertinent to the progression of collegiate sports, the effective utilization of mass media, the provision of Olympic brand education for college students, and the reform of higher education sports programs. For the inaugural instance, we have gleaned that the sources employed for procuring Olympic tickets have started to shift. Internet-based platforms constitute over 40% of these sources, with television channels accounting for a similar proportion, hovering around 40%. In contrast, traditional print media, such as newspapers and magazines, comprises a mere 6.5%, while radio media falls below 3%. Approximately 21.6% of adolescents hold sports stars in high esteem, and 41.7% of them believe that the adoration of "sports stars" contributes to their personal development, while 33.3% of adolescents endeavour to attend events featuring their favourite celebrities. In accordance with the pertinent survey, more than half of college students profess to idolization, of which one-quarter revere sports stars. Currently, the impact of the translation and promotion of sports brand media on the sports values of college students is predominantly positive, characterized by a "favourable disposition." A strong and positive correlation exists between sports brand media and the values held by college students. Sociolinguists have emphasized that sports constitutes a pivotal component of culture, and culture and language form an inseparable and integrated entity. Language functions as the conduit for transmitting culture, and sports continuously contribute to the enhancement and enrichment of language. The commercialization of sports, combined with extensive media coverage, has spurred an unprecedented surge in the public's affection for sports. Consequently, various sports events have ingrained themselves deeply in the hearts of people, and the sports-related terminology used by individuals across a spectrum of athletic activities, contests, and competitions has evolved into a distinctive hallmark within the English language.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Psicologia do Esporte , Esportes/psicologia , Publicidade/tendências , Tradução , Linguística
3.
Span. j. psychol ; 25: e21, enero 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-207124

RESUMO

Many governments invest public funds in communication interventions and campaigns against prostitution and sexual exploitation in an attempt to change attitudes toward prostitution and eventually decrease its consumption. Despite the considerable investment that public institutions have made in campaigns against prostitution and sexual slavery, no known empirical studies have evaluated the effectiveness of such campaigns on attitudes and behavioral change. The messages of these campaigns usually center on one of two thematic focuses: Prostituted women who suffer exploitation and male consumers of prostitution. The present study examines the impact of different anti-prostitution advertisements on attitudes among male participants (N = 155 male participants). Specifically, the experiment aims to test the differential effect of these two focuses, compared to a no-advertisement control condition, on social support for prostitution, negative and incorrect beliefs about prostitutes, and family values related to prostitution. The results show that compared with the no-advertisement control condition, advertisements focused on men who use prostitutes have a significant effect on social support toward prostitution and incorrect beliefs about prostitutes, whereas advertisements focused on female prostitutes have no effect. The results have practical implications for governments and councils regarding the efficacy of this kind of public communication campaign against prostitution consumption. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Publicidade , Trabalho Sexual
4.
Nutr. hosp ; 39(Esp. 2): 55-61, 2022. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-212029

RESUMO

Los medios de comunicación, a través de la publicidad, transmiten un ideal de belleza no real asociado con rasgos positivos como popularidad, aprecio, aceptación, inteligencia, etc. Esto puede constituir uno de los factores que comprometen la salud emocional y física, siendo responsables de crear expectativas poco realistas e insatisfacción corporal y ejerciendo una influencia muy destacada en el desencadenamiento o mantenimiento de los malos hábitos alimentarios que pueden abocar en trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. La población más joven tiene una baja capacidad para prever los efectos nocivos de ciertos mensajes con intereses comerciales, por lo que se requiere la puesta en marcha de programas preventivos basados en la educación mediática, acompañada de un modelado del núcleo familiar en el que se promueva un estilo de vida saludable (AU)


The media, by means of advertising, convey an ideal of unreal beauty associated with positive traits such as popularity, esteem, acceptance, intelligence, etc. This can be one of the factors that compromise emotional and physical health, being responsible for creating unrealistic expectations and body dissatisfaction, and exerting a very important influence on the triggering or maintenance of bad eating habits that can lead to eating disorders. The youngest population has a low capacity to anticipate the harmful effects of certain messages with commercial interests, and this requires implementing preventive programs based on media education, accompanied by modeling in the family nucleus to promote a healthy lifestyle (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/psicologia , Meios de Comunicação de Massa , Publicidade , Imagem Corporal/psicologia , Fatores de Risco , Saúde Mental
5.
Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 35(4)jul.-ago. 2021. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-219558

RESUMO

Objetivo: Identificar contenidos de alto riesgo en la comunicación de alimentos que combinen rasgos obesogénicos con un formato de alta activación emocional. Método: Se comparan 304 vídeos (47 h 41 min) de 13 canales de marcas de alimentación (publicidad tradicional) y de 15 canales de menores YouTuber (prescripción e influencia) publicados en 2019. Análisis de contenido exploratorio de variables descriptivas del estilo comunicativo del formato «retos». Resultados: Los retos son el contenido más frecuente (53,3%; n = 162), especialmente en los canales de menores YouTuber (59%; n = 131) frente a los canales de marcas (37,8%; n = 31). Conclusiones: Los contenidos creados por los consumidores no se rigen por la actual Ley de Comunicación Audiovisual. Resulta inaplazable incrementar el control de estas prácticas en el ámbito legal, autorregulatorio y deontológico. La creatividad, la diversión o el mero entretenimiento no son argumentos suficientes para promover de forma persuasiva comportamientos que ponen en riesgo la salud física de la infancia. (AU)


Objective: To identify high-risk content in food advertising that combines obesogenic features with a highly emotionally engaging format. Method: Comparison of 304 videos (47 hours and 41 minutes) from 13 food brand channels (traditional advertising) and from 15 child YouTuber channels (endorsement and influence) posted in 2019. Exploratory content analysis of variables describing the communication style of the “challenges” format. Results: Challenges are the most common type of content (53.3%; n = 162), with a greater prevalence on child YouTuber channels (59%; n = 131) than on brand channels (41%; n = 31). Conclusions: Content created by consumers is not covered by current audiovisual communication legislation. Increased control of these practices is urgently needed, in terms of legislation, self-regulation and codes of ethics. Creativity, enjoyment or mere entertainment is not a sufficient argument for the persuasive promotion of behaviors that endanger the physical health of children. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Mídias Sociais , Obesidade Pediátrica/epidemiologia , Obesidade Pediátrica/prevenção & controle , Indústria Alimentícia , Alimentos , Publicidade
6.
An. psicol ; 37(1): 149-160, ene.-abr. 2021. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-200660

RESUMO

Los posibles efectos negativos de la publicidad de juegos de azar (JdA), sobre todo en Adolescentes y Jóvenes (AyJ), generan alarma social. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de las investigaciones sobre publicidad y juego en AyJ, en los últimos 10 años, siguiendo las directrices PRISMA, seleccionándose 31 trabajos. Los resultados destacan que AyJ, en contra de la legislación, participan con frecuencia en JdA, presentando problemas de juego. La publicidad de JdA es variada e intensa en especial en TV, eventos deportivos y redes sociales, estando dirigida a JyA, aunque suelen ser críticos con ella. Afecta más a varones jóvenes y con conductas de juego inadecuadas, consolidándolas. Los contenidos principales tratan de normalizar el juego y resaltar ganancias (sociales o económicas). El nivel de recuerdo y las actitudes sobre la publicidad del juego se asocian a incrementos en la intención de jugar, comportamientos de juego, y problemas de juego. Los incentivos más eficaces para jugar incluyen promociones económicas. La publicidad parece tener efecto, aunque reducido, para mejorar la actitud hacia los JdA e incrementar la participación en éstos, pero es difícil identificar sus efectos a medio y largo plazo. Son necesarios más estudios sobre JdA y publicidad, en especial en España


The possible negative effects of gambling Advertising (GA), especially in Adolescents and Youth (A&Y), generate social alarm. A systematic review of the research on advertising and gambling in A&Y in the last 10 years was carried out, following the PRISMA guidelines, including 31 studies. The results highlight that A&Y, against the law, frequently participate in gambling, with some having gambling problems. GA is varied and intense, especially on TV, sporting events and social networks, also targeting A&Y, although they are often critical of it. It affects more young men and people with inappropriate gambling behaviours, consolidating those behaviours. The main messages try to normalise gambling and highlight profits (social or economic). The levels of recall, as well as the attitudes about GA are associated with an increase in gambling intentions, behaviours, and problems. The most effective incentives to gamble include economic promotions. Advertising seems to have an effect, albeit reduced, to improve the attitude towards gambling and increase participation, but it is difficult to identify its effects in the medium and long term. More studies on gambling and advertising are necessary, especially in Spain


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Jogo de Azar , Publicidade , Comportamento do Adolescente , Relações Interpessoais , Fatores de Risco , Esportes , Fatores Etários , Televisão , Internet
8.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 93(3): 177-182, sept. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-201552

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La representación del menor en los anuncios de publicidad es un tema poco investigado y reflejado en la bibliografía, tanto de la pediatría social como de la comunicación audiovisual. El objetivo del presente estudio es describir cómo se representa al menor en la publicidad que se vehiculiza a través de Internet, y si esa representación es adecuada o no. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se analizaron todos los anuncios en los que aparecían menores a lo largo de 2 meses, visualizando, 3 días por semana, las páginas web más visitadas en España. La valoración de cómo se representaba al menor se realizó con una herramienta de evaluación, elaborada por los autores, basada en la legislación europea y española, que mostró una alta concordancia interevaluador. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las variables categóricas y se estableció la relación de interdependencia entre las mismas a través de la prueba Chi-cuadrado. RESULTADOS: Se identificaron 173 anuncios donde apareció al menos un menor, que es generalmente representado solo (63,5%), en un entorno natural (36,9%) y con edad escolar (44,5%). Las páginas web de «prensa general» son las que más frecuentemente muestran anuncios donde se representan menores, a través del uso de banners (82%). En la mayor parte de los casos el uso inadecuado de la figura del menor tiene lugar mediante la representación táctica del mismo, y no meramente estratégica. CONCLUSIONES: El uso de la imagen del menor en la publicidad que se vehiculiza a través de las páginas web más visitadas en España es inadecuada en 2 de cada 3 anuncios. Dicho mal uso del menor suele objetivarse en la representación del mismo de forma estratégicamente no justificable, y favoreciendo valores no positivos o que favorecen situaciones de desigualdad


INTRODUCTION: The representation of the minor in advertisements is a topic that is scarcely studied and reflected in the bibliography, in social paediatrics as well as audio-visual communication. The aim of the present study is to describe how the minor is represented in the publicity that is conveyed through the internet, and whether or not that representation is adequate. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An analysis was made of all the advertisements in which minors appeared during a period of two months, on three days a week, on the most visited web pages in Spain. The evaluation on how the minor was represented was carried out with an evaluation tool, constructed by the authors, based on European and Spanish legislation, which showed a high concordance between evaluators. A descriptive analysis was performed on the categorical variables, and the inter-dependent relationship was established between them using the chi-squared test. RESULTS: A total of 173 advertisements were identified in which at least one minor appeared, which was generally represented solo (63.5%), in a natural environment (36.9%) and of school age (44.5%). The web pages of the "general press" are those that most frequently show advertisement in which minors are represented, through the use of banners (82%). In the majority of cases the inadequate use of the figure of the minor takes place using tactical representation, and not just strategic. CONCLUSIONS: The image of the minor in the publicity that is conveyed via the most visited web pages in Spain is inadequate in 3 of every 3 advertisements. This misuse of the minor is usually seen in as unjustifiably strategic, and favouring non-positive values or that they favour situations of inequality


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Internet , Publicidade/métodos , Meios de Comunicação , Comportamento Infantil/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , Rede Social , Saúde do Adolescente , Saúde da Criança , Marketing Social/ética
9.
Rev. esp. nutr. comunitaria ; 26(2): 0-0, abr.-jun. 2020. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-194452

RESUMO

FUNDAMENTOS: Hablar de equidad de género requiere de abordar estereotipos perjudiciales, donde a menudo se perpetúan a través de la publicidad. El objetivo del estudio fue explorar la construcción y reproducción de estereotipos de género presentes en la publicidad gráfica a través de folletos promocionales en las principales cadenas de supermercados de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina. MÉTODOS: Se desarrolló una metodología cualitativa usando análisis documental y muestreo intencional. Se recolectaron folletos de 8 principales cadenas de supermercados de la CABA durante 3 meses (960 páginas de folletos). RESULTADOS: Los hallazgos indican que existen marcados estereotipos de género en las publicidades impresas donde se representó a las mujeres en roles pasivos y tradicionales como madre-cuidadora y ama de casa; esta tendencia se vio asimismo en publicidades orientadas a la población infantil. La representación de hombres fue con actividades diferenciales y roles activos. Se observaron representaciones vinculadas a la mujer madre, cuidadora y ama de casa y al modelo de familia tradicional en torno a aspectos alimentarios. CONCLUSIONES: Se concluye que en las publicidades gráficas a través de folletos promocionales existen estereotipos de género sexistas, sin observar una evolución positiva hacia otros patrones de género, inclusión y diversidad


BACKGROUND: Talking about gender equity recquires facing stereotypes counterproductive, often perpetuated through publicity. The objective of the study was to explore the construction and reproduction of gender stereotypes present in graphic advertising through promotional brochures in the main supermarket chains in Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina. METHODS: A qualitative methodology was developed, usingdocumentary analysis and intentional sampling. Promotional brochures were gathered from 8 supermarket chains of the CABA, along three consecutive months (960 pages). RESULTS: The findings of this study indicate that there are noticeable gender stereotypes in print advertisements (brochures), where women were represented in passive and traditional roles as mother-caregiver and housewife, a trend which was also seen in advertisements aimed at children. Representation of men included differential activities and more active roles. Representations related to the woman mother, caregiver and housewife and the traditional family model regarding food aspects were observed. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that there are sexist gender stereotypes in graphic advertising through promotional brochures, without any positive evolution towards other gender patterns, inclusion and diversity


Assuntos
Humanos , Estereotipagem de Gênero , Folhetos , Rotulagem de Produtos/estatística & dados numéricos , Rotulagem de Produtos/normas , Publicidade/normas , Argentina , Mulheres , Sexismo , Identidade de Gênero
13.
Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 32(2): 172-175, mar.-abr. 2018. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-171474

RESUMO

Alcohol urban environment has been associated with individual alcohol behaviors. We are constantly exposed to a wide variety of alcohol products, its marketing and promotion and signs of alcohol consumption that may influence alcohol-drinking behaviors. In this photo-essay, we include photographs that visually explain the exposure to alcohol in the urban streetscape of Madrid. These photographs show the pervasiveness of alcohol products in this city, which can be found everywhere at any time (AU)


El entorno urbano del alcohol se ha asociado a su consumo individual. Estamos constantemente expuestos a una amplia variedad de productos con contenido de alcohol, su promoción y signos de consumo, que pueden influir en la normalización del mismo. En este ensayo fotográfico se incluyen imágenes que explican visualmente la exposición al alcohol en el paisaje urbano de Madrid. Estas fotografías muestran la omnipresencia de los productos con contenido de alcohol en esta ciudad, que se puede encontrar en todas partes y en cualquier momento (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Publicidade/ética , Publicidade/normas , Saúde da População Urbana/economia , Saúde da População Urbana/ética , Fotografia , Controle da Publicidade de Produtos , Saúde da População Urbana/normas
14.
Cult. cuid ; 21(48): 178-189, mayo-ago. 2017. graf, ilus
Artigo em Português | IBECS | ID: ibc-167399

RESUMO

Objetivos: identificar registros midiáticos da comunicação impressa que representem a paternidade, e comentar como eles apresentam o pai nas proximidades de sua data comemorativa. Método: estudo exploratório, realizado por análise documental, por meio do jornal "O GLOBO", no período de 01 a 11 de agosto de 2013, dias que antecederam a comemoração do Dia dos Pais. Resultado: 106 registros midiáticos foram identificados, sendo 66,26% de publicidades e 37,73% de reportagens. A figura paterna apareceu em todos os dias da delimitação temporal. Discussão: a paternidade ocorreu em meio a questões socioculturais e de gênero que permitiram perceber a figura de um pai atualmente mais afetivo e envolvido no cuidado com o filho. Conclusão: Existe investimento empresarial em torno da imagem paterna, no entanto, não só fatores comerciais, mas também culturais e sociais influenciam no exercício da paternidade (AU)


Objetivos: identificar los registros mediáticos de los medios de comunicación impresa que representen la paternidad y analizar los comentarios acerca de día del padre. Método: estudio exploratorio realizado por análisis documental, en el periódico "O Globo" en período de 01 a 11 de agosto de 2013, día que antecede a la conmemoración al día de los padres. Resultado: 106 registros mediáticos fueron identificados, siendo 66,73% de reportajes. La figura paterna apareció en todos los días de la delimitación temporal. Discusión: la paternidad ocurrió en medio a cuestiones socioculturales y de género que permitieron percibir la figura padre actualmente más afectuoso e involucrado en el cuidado del el hijo. Conclusión: Existe incidencia empresarial en la imagen paterna, sin embargo, no solo factores comerciales sino también culturales y sociales influyen en el ejercicio de la paternidad (AU)


Aim: to identify the media records of the press communication representing paternity and to comment how they represent the father approaching his commemorative day. Method: exploratory study, carried out through documental analysis, by means of "O GLOBO" newspaper, from August 01 to 11, 2013, some days before the Father's day. Result: 106 media records were identified: 66,26% advertising records and 37,73% reports. The father figure appeared on every day of this time delimitation. Discussion: paternity occurred amidst sociocultural and gender issues that permitted to perceive today a father figure more affective and involved on the child care. Conclusion: There is a business investment around the father figure, nevertheless, not only commercial factors, but also cultural and social ones influence on practicing paternity (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Paternidade , Meios de Comunicação/ética , Meios de Comunicação/normas , Saúde de Gênero , Direitos Sexuais e Reprodutivos/legislação & jurisprudência , Direitos Sexuais e Reprodutivos/normas , Publicidade/métodos , Direitos Sexuais e Reprodutivos/tendências , Pesquisa Qualitativa
17.
Adicciones (Palma de Mallorca) ; 28(3): 174-181, 2016. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-153932

RESUMO

En mayo de 2013 apareció la quinta edición de la clasificación de los trastornos mentales (DSM-5) de la American Psychiatric Association (APA, 2013), en la cual se incluye el trastorno de juego dentro de la categoría de trastornos adictivos, que es algo que era demandado desde hace décadas desde los ámbitos clínicos, sociales y científicos. El juego de azar, que según la propia APA tiene la misma consideración que las drogas o el alcohol en cuanto a la activación de los circuitos cerebrales de recompensa y a las consecuencias clínicas del trastorno del juego, no tiene, sin embargo, esa consideración desde el principal ámbito desde donde se debe llevar a cabo la prevención de la adicción, que es en los poderes públicos. El trabajo que presentamos es una propuesta de regulación del juego para llevar a cabo desde la Administración mediante acciones de gobierno que competen a diferentes niveles de la misma (estatal, autonómico e incluso local), con el objetivo final de prevenir la adicción al juego. Dicha propuesta ha sido presentada tanto a la Dirección General de Ordenación del Juego como a la Cámara del Congreso de los Diputados, esta última en el marco de la Comisión Mixta Congreso-Senado para el Estudio del Problema de las Drogas. En este trabajo se defiende la propuesta de regulación desde la evidencia que proporcionan los estudios científicos en materia de prevención de las adicciones


The American Psychiatric Association published the 5th Edition of DSM in May 2013, in which the gambling disorder is included within the category of addictive disorders -a long-standing and recurrent demand from the clinical, social and scientific fields. Nevertheless, the harmful effects of gambling have not been considered by the Government, which is the main area of addiction prevention. The present article is a proposal for the regulation of gambling by the Government through the different levels of the State (national, regional and even local), which has the ultimate goal of preventing gambling addiction. This proposal has been presented to the Chamber of Deputies of the Congress, as part of the Congress-Senate Joint Committee for the Study of Drug Problems. The proposed regulation is based on the evidence provided by scientific studies on the prevention of addiction


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Jogo de Azar/prevenção & controle , Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais , Publicidade/legislação & jurisprudência , Controle da Publicidade de Produtos , Transtornos Disruptivos, de Controle do Impulso e da Conduta/prevenção & controle
18.
Actas urol. esp ; 39(10): 641-645, dic. 2015. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-146978

RESUMO

Objetivos: Describir la introducción del tratamiento de la estenosis uretral blenorrágica en la ciudad de Madrid en el siglo XVIII por el cirujano francés Charles de Beauregard, las formulaciones empleadas en la elaboración de sus personales ®candelillas», la publicidad en prensa, su comercialización y distribución. Material y métodos: Revisión no sistemática de la prensa madrileña Gaceta de Madrid y Diario curioso, erudito, económico y comercial, entre 1759 y 1790. Revisión de la bibliografía médica del siglo XVIII conservada en el Fondo Antiguo de la Biblioteca Histórica de la Universidad Complutense (Madrid). Búsqueda en portal Google ®Carlos Richard de Beauregard». Resultados: Charles de Beauregard dedicó preferentemente su actividad profesional al tratamiento de las secuelas uretrales de la blenorragia, fimosis y parafimosis, introduciendo en la sociedad española del siglo XVIII, con pretendida originalidad y manifiesto interés comercial, métodos terapéuticos basados en el acetato de plomo, que ya habían sido desarrollados en Francia por Thomas Goulard. Conclusiones: Las secuelas uretrales de enfermedades como la uretritis blenorrágica, la fimosis estenótica o la parafimosis eran muy prevalentes, y de compleja solución para la urología de la época en el Madrid del siglo XVIII. Charles de Beauregard introdujo novedosos tratamientos (pero no originales), invasivos pero no cruentos, alcanzando fama y prestigio social, recurriendo a publicitar su actividad profesional y comercializar los productos terapéuticos que elaboraba mediante anuncios remitidos a la prensa periódica(Gaceta de Madrid)


Objectives: Describe the introduction of the treatment for blennorrhagic urethral stenosis in the city of Madrid in the 18th century by the French surgeon Charles de Beauregard, the formulations employed in the preparation of his personal ®bougies», the advertising in the press, their marketing and distribution. Material and methods: Nonsystematic review of the Madrid newspaper Gaceta de Madrid y Diario curioso, erudito, económico y comercial (Madrid Gazette, curious, erudite, financial and commercial) between 1759 and 1790. Review of the medical literature of the 18th century preserved in the Fondo Antiguo of the Biblioteca Histórica ofUniversidad Complutense de Madrid (Historical Resource of the Historical Library of the Complutense University of Madrid). A Google search of ®Charles Richard de Beauregard». Results: Charles de Beauregard focused his professional work mainly on the treatment of the urethral sequela of blennorrhagia, phimosis and paraphimosis. He introduced to 18th century Spanish society (with purported originality and clear commercial interests) therapeutic methods based on lead acetate that had already been developed in France by Thomas Goulard. Conclusions: The urethral sequela of diseases such as blennorrhagic urethritis, stenotic phimosis and paraphimosis were highly prevalent in 18th century Madrid and required complex solutions for the practice of urology of that era. Charles de Beauregard introduced innovative but not original treatments that were invasive but not bloody and that provided him with fame and social prestige. He advertised his professional activity and marketed his therapeutic products through advertisements submitted to the daily press (Madrid Gazette, Gaceta de Madrid)


Assuntos
História do Século XVIII , Estreitamento Uretral/história , Fimose/história , Parafimose/história , Estreitamento Uretral/terapia , Espanha , França , Publicidade , Confidencialidade , Enganação , Saúde da População Urbana
19.
An. psicol ; 31(1): 184-189, ene. 2015.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-131612

RESUMO

Cuando las personas saben que se las está intentando convencer tienden a resistirse, ya que en general no queremos que nos manipulen. Asimismo, los mensajes ambiguos son menos persuasivos que los mensajes claros y ordenados, entre otras razones, porque las personas prefieren los estímulos fáciles de procesar. En la presente investigación se propone que estas dos variables (advertencia del intento persuasivo y ambigüedad del mensaje) pueden resultar paradójicamente persuasivas cuando se utilizan conjuntamente. Los participantes del estudio recibieron un mensaje ordenado (baja ambigüedad) o desordenado (alta ambigüedad) que fue presentado como un anuncio publicitario o una narración no comercial. Tal y como se esperaba, se encontró que el mensaje ambiguo resultó más persuasivo cuando fue presentado como un anuncio (contexto publicitario) que cuando fue presentado en un contexto meramente narrativo. Paradójicamente, saber que un anuncio publicitario constituye un intento por convencer puede hacer que los pensamientos que se generen para interpretarlo sean de valencia positiva (como los argumentos que supuestamente contiene el mensaje), dando lugar a un mayor cambio de actitudes


Forewarning of a persuasive attempt has been found to reduce persuasion because people tend to resist being manipulated. Likewise, messages that are high in ambiguity tend to be less persuasive than messages that are clear, among other reasons, because people prefer information that is easy to be processed. The present research postulates that these two variables (persuasive attempt forewarning and message ambiguity) can result paradoxically persuasive when combined together. Participants of the present experiment received a message composed by images that were presented in a logic (low ambiguity) or in a random order (high ambiguity).Furthermore, the message was said to be a commercial advertisement(with persuasive attempt) or a neutral narrative (without persuasive attempt).As predicted, it was found that the highly ambiguous message was more persuasive when it was presented as an advertisement (with persuasive attempt) rather than as a narrative context (without persuasive attempt).Knowing that the message constitutes a persuasive attempt (ad)could bias the generation of thoughts to interpret that information in a positive manner (consonant with the direction of the arguments supposedly contained in the ad), leading to more attitude change


Assuntos
Humanos , Comunicação Persuasiva , Propaganda , Atitude , Publicidade , Intenção
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