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1.
Asclepio ; 75(2): e24, Juli-Dic. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-228671

RESUMO

El artículo se explaya sobre el proceso de reclutamiento de profesoras de enseñanza primaria, popularmente llamadas normalistas, en la evolución de la formación en Brasil de las profesiones de salud (educadoras, visitadoras sanitarias y enfermeras). Las características socioculturales de las normalistas las convirtieron en el tipo ideal de mujeres para servir a las nuevas profesiones de salud. Además de la similitud de género (profesiones femeninas), las profesiones docentes primarias y de la salud compartían saberes y prácticas de matriz biomédica e higienista y un mismo campo profesional (escuelas, centros de salud y hogares), lo que determinó afinidades entre las políticas públicas de educación y de salud.(AU)


The article discusses the mobilization of primary teachers, popularly called normalists in the process of constitution, in Brazil, of the sanitary professions (educators or health visiters and nurses). The sociocultural characteristics of normalists made them the ideal type of women recruited to the new health professions. The sociocultural characteristics of normalists made them the ideal type of women recruited to the new health professions. In addition to the similarity of gender (female professions), the primary teaching and health professions shared knowledge and practices of biomedical and hygienist matrix and the same field of professional activity (schools, health posts and households), which translated the affinities between public policies for education and heal.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Saúde Pública/educação , Pessoal de Saúde/educação , Docentes/educação , Mulheres/educação , Características Culturais , Professores Escolares , Brasil , Escolas de Enfermagem , Estudantes de Enfermagem , Educação em Enfermagem
2.
Rev. psicol. deport ; 32(4): 424-436, Oct 15, 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-228884

RESUMO

The role of kindergarten teachers as a viable alternative to childcare is becoming increasingly important due to the rising amount of time children spend in educational institutions compared to the time, they spend with their parents in the home environment. The primary aim of this research is to assess the influence of directorial leadership, the educational environment, teacher efficacy, and extracurricular programmes on the level of job satisfaction experienced by kindergarten teachers. This study includes a sample size of 256 kindergarten teachers. The research findings were subjected to analysis using Smart PLS 4 software, employing the Partial Least Squares (PLS) algorithm and the Bootstrapping method. The findings of the empirical study indicate a positive correlation between the leadership of directors, the educational environment, teacher efficacy, and extracurricular programmes with the job satisfaction of kindergarten teachers. This study holds both theoretical and practical significance, as its findings demonstrate the potential to enhance the working environment for teachers responsible for primary childhood education. Additionally, it provides fundamental data that can contribute to the improvement of children's learning abilities and offers a foundation for policymaking that takes into account the health education of teachers.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Professores Escolares , Psicologia do Esporte , Esportes/psicologia , Satisfação no Emprego
3.
An. psicol ; 39(2): 252-264, May-Sep. 2023. tab, ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-219764

RESUMO

El sentimiento de autoeficacia docente (SAD) es un constructo de compleja medida pero relevante por su relación con la calidad de la educación. Con este trabajo se pretende acumular evidencias de consistencia y validez para su uso en España de una versión del Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES). Los datos proceden de un colectivo español de futuros profesores de infantil, primaria y secundaria (N = 744) y se analizan desde un enfoque multivariado adecuado para escala ordinal, mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio (ULSMV) y árboles de decisión (CHAID y CART). Tras evaluar tres modelos de medida, se aportan evidencias de validez de una estructura del constructo en tres factores y 17 ítems, con índices de ajuste aceptables. Además, se avala tanto la convergencia y consistencia del constructo, como la utilidad de los ítems para la predicción de la autoeficacia docente global en los colectivos de estudiantes de grado y de máster que componen la muestra estudiada.(AU)


Teachers’ sense of self-efficacy is a hard construct to measure but is important in view of to its relationship with the quality of education. This work aims to gather evidence regarding the consistency and validity of a version ofthe Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES) for use in Spain. The data come from a Spanish group of future early-years, primary and high school teachers (N= 744), and they are analysed using a multivariate approach suitable for ordinal scales, with confirmatory factor analysis (ULSMV) and decision trees (CHAID and CART). After evaluating three measurement models, evidence for the validity of a construct structure with three factors and 17 items with acceptable fit indices is provided. In addition, the convergence and consistency of the construct are both en-dorsed, as is the usefulness of the items for predicting overall teacher self-efficacy in the groups ofundergraduate and master’s students in the sam-ple studied.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Docentes , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Autoeficácia , Educação , Professores Escolares , Espanha , Análise Fatorial
4.
Psicol. educ. (Madr.) ; 29(2): 121-132, Jun. 2023. graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-221923

RESUMO

This research aims to fill the need to provide writing education to preservice teachers by using web-based instruction. The novel contribution of this work lies in the consideration of beliefs as a methodological prerequisite when measuring the effects of a web-based program. For this purpose, latent profile analysis was conducted to explore unique profiles of preservice teachers’ beliefs about writing before the web-based instruction. Participants were classified into three profiles: eclectic profile (n = 129), socio-cultural profile (n = 85), and person-environment profile (n = 105). Linear mixed-effects models were employed to assess if belief profiles experienced changes in beliefs and knowledge after the training. Results showed that belief profiles differed from each other in the degree of attribution of the different beliefs but remarkably all of them experienced significant differences in content knowledge acquisition. Finally, educational implications for preservice teachers’ education are highlighted.(AU)


Esta investigación tiene como objetivo cubrir la necesidad de proporcionar formación en la enseñanza de la escritura a maestros y maestras en formación mediante el uso de un programa web. La aportación novedosa de este trabajo radica en la consideración de las creencias como prerrequisito metodológico a la hora de medir los efectos de un programa web. Con este fin, antes de la instrucción web se realizó un análisis de perfiles latentes con el fin de explorar perfiles únicos de creencias sobre la escritura en maestros y maestras en formación. Se clasificó a los participantes en tres perfiles: perfil ecléctico (n = 129), sociocultural (n = 85) y persona-ambiente (n = 105). Se emplearon modelos mixtos lineales para evaluar si los perfiles de creencias experimentaban cambios en las creencias y el conocimiento después de la formación. Los resultados muestran que los perfiles de creencias difieren entre si en el grado de atribución de las diferentes creencias, pero todos ellos experimentan diferencias significativas en la adquisición del conocimiento de contenidos. Finalmente, se destacan las implicaciones educativas para la formación de futuros docentes.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Redação , Professores Escolares , Conhecimento , Tecnologia da Informação , Ensino , Capacitação Profissional , Psicologia , Psicologia Educacional
5.
Nutr. hosp ; 40(1): 136-143, ene.-feb. 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-215697

RESUMO

Objective: the aim of this study was to examine the perception of professionals from four European countries in charge of teaching Nutrition Education (NE) to children in primary schools or hospitals. Methods: this was achieved through an exploratory study that initiated with two focus groups, one with 5 elementary school teachers and another with 14 nutritionists. From the results of it an online survey was designed and distributed internationally to elementary schools and professional clinics in Spain, Italy, Norway, and Austria. The participants were 75 elementary school teachers and 98 nutritionists. It was measured the level of knowledge of teachers and nutritionists to teach NE, and the level of nutritional knowledge of the children in their respective country. Descriptive statistics were conducted, one-factor ANOVAs to analyze the effect of nationality, and when a significant interaction was found, a post-hoc analysis using Bonferroni adjustment was applied. Results: the results indicated that forty-one percent of the participants considered they have “adequate” theoretical knowledge to teach NE. Only 27 % considered they had “adequate” pedagogical training. A significant effect was found: F(3,168) = 17.37, p < 0.001, η2p = 0.24. Regarding the levels of NE knowledge of children, from lowest to highest, there were Spain, Italy, Austria, and Norway. Also, it was observed that professionals and children from Spain and Italy were more affected with less knowledge and training regarding NE. Conclusions: these results could help governments and educational organizations of the affected countries to take decisions to tackle this problematic. (AU)


Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue examinar la percepción de los profesionales de cuatro países europeos encargados de enseñar educación nutricional (EN) a niños de escuelas primarias u hospitales. Métodos: esto se logró a través de un estudio exploratorio que se inició con dos grupos focales, uno con 5 maestros de primaria y otro con 14 nutricionistas. A partir de los resultados del mismo se diseñó una encuesta en línea y se distribuyó internacionalmente a escuelas primarias y clínicas de profesionales en España, Italia, Noruega, y Austria. Los participantes fueron 75 maestros de primaria y 98 nutricionistas. Se midió el nivel de conocimientos de los maestros y nutricionistas para enseñar EN, y el nivel de conocimientos nutricionales de los niños de su respectivo país. Se hicieron análisis descriptivos, ANOVA de un factor para analizar el efecto de la nacionalidad, y cuando se encontró una interacción significativa se aplicó un análisis post-hoc mediante ajuste de Bonferroni. Resultados: los resultados indicaron que el cuarenta y uno por ciento de los participantes consideró tener conocimientos teóricos “adecuados” para enseñar NE. Solo el 27 % consideró tener una formación pedagógica “adecuada”. Se encontró un efecto significativo: F(3,168) = 17.37, p < 0,001, η2p = 0,24. Con respecto a los niveles de conocimiento de NE de los niños en los distintos países, de menor a mayor se clasificaron España, Italia, Austria y Noruega. Asimismo, se observó que los profesionales y los niños de España e Italia se vieron más afectados con menos conocimiento y formación en EN. Conclusiones: estos resultados podrían ayudar a los gobiernos y organizaciones educativas de los países afectados a tomar decisiones para abordar esta problemática. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Educação Alimentar e Nutricional , Nutricionistas , Professores Escolares , Inquéritos e Questionários , União Europeia , Análise de Variância
6.
An. psicol ; 39(1): 51-61, Ene-Abr. 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-213838

RESUMO

La premisa ampliamente aceptada de que el trabajo colaborati-vo entre los diferentes agentes de la comunidad educativa redunda en la mejora escolar y en mayores logros alcanzados por el alumnado no siempre se cumple debido a la realidad diversa que presentan los centros y a las di-ferentes iniciativas para impulsar la participación familiar. El estudio aborda la percepción que docentes, equipos directivos e inspección educativa tie-nen de las relaciones familia-escuela-comunidad en 23 centros de primaria de la Comunidad Autónoma Vasca, caracterizados por diferentes criterios de eficacia-ineficacia escolar, con la finalidad de identificar buenas prácticas que contribuyan a la mejora escolar. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo-exploratorio-explicativo de metodología mixta, con empleo de cuestiona-rios, entrevistas en profundidad y grupos de discusión. Los resultados muestran que la implicación familiar está mediatizada por factores persona-les del profesorado, que todos los centros tratan de impulsar la colabora-ción familiar, aunque las formas y acciones de participación varían, y que aquellos que mejor funcionan tienen una actitud proactiva, con énfasis en dimensiones diferentes de colaboración. Entre las conclusiones cabe desta-car la adopción de un enfoque sistémico, la revisión y actualización de las modalidades formativas, y la evaluación de las competencias docentes para la colaboración.(AU)


The commonly accepted premise that collaboration among the educational community leads to school improvement and greater student achievement is not always fulfilled due to the diverse reality of schools and various initiatives to promote family participation. This work addresses the perception of teachers, school management teams and educational inspec-tion of family-school-community relations in 23 primary schools in the Basque Autonomous Community, characterized by different criteria related to school effectiveness-ineffectiveness, aiming to identify good practice leading to school improvement. The study is descriptive-exploratory-exploratory-explanatory with mixed methodology, using questionnaires, in-depth interviews and discussion groups. Results show family involvement is mediated by teaching staff ́s personal factors, that all schools try to pro-mote family collaboration, though forms of participation vary, and those which work best are proactive, stressing different collaboration dimen-sions. Conclusions include adopting a systemic approach, review and up-dating of training modalities, and assessment of teaching competences for collaboration.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Professores Escolares , Relações Familiares , Desempenho Acadêmico , Ensino Fundamental e Médio , Psicologia , Psicologia Clínica , Psicologia Social
7.
An. psicol ; 39(1): 81-87, Ene-Abr. 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-213840

RESUMO

Uno de los puntos críticos en la evaluación del trastorno del espectro autista es la manifestación del comportamiento en varios contextos del desarrollo, por lo que la valoración por parte de diferentes informantes es un aspecto clave. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la existencia de discrepancias entre padres y maestros en la evaluación del funionamiento ejecutivo en una muestra de 43 niños con un trastorno del espectro autista de nivel de gravedad 2. Para ello se compararon las puntuaciones obtenidas en las subescalas del BRIEF entre padres y maestros, y se analizó la relación entre tales puntuaciones. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron, en primer lugar, diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre padres y maestros en todas las escalas, siendo los maestros quienes informaron de una mayor disfunción ejecutiva, y en segundo lugar, la ausencia de correlaciones estadísticamente significativas entre las puntuaciones otorgadas por ambos informantes en casi todas las escalas. Se puede concluir que existen diferencias en cuanto a la percepción que tienen padres y maestros con respecto a las funciones ejecutivas de los niños con TEA, lo que puede estar en consonancia con la relevancia o el papel que tienen estas funciones en el contexto en el que son evaluadas.(AU)


One of the critical issues in the assessment of autism spectrum disorder is the behavior exhibited in various developmental contexts, and so the assessment by different informants is important in understanding this disorder. The aim of this study was to analyze parent-teacher agree-ment on executive functioning assessment in a sample of 43 children with autism spectrum disorder with level 2 severity. For this purpose, scores given by parents and teachers on the BRIEF subscales were compared, and the relationship between these scores was analyzed. The results obtained indicated, first, statistically significant differences between parents and teachers on all the subscales, with teachers reporting greater executive dys-function in all cases. Second, there were no statistically significant correla-tions between the scores given by the two informants on almost all the subscales. Overall, these results point to the different perceptions of par-ents and teachers regarding the executive functioning of children with ASD, which may reflect the relevance or role of these functions in the con-text where they are assessed.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Transtorno do Espectro Autista , Professores Escolares , Pais , Transtornos do Neurodesenvolvimento , Psicologia , Psicologia Clínica , Psicologia Social
8.
Psicol. educ. (Madr.) ; 29(1): 65-73, Ene. 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-215011

RESUMO

Previous research has evidenced which skills are required for reading acquisition and which methods are effective for teaching reading. However, recent research indicated that teachers lack sufficient knowledge about the constructs involved in reading instruction. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine Spanish teachers’ practice and opinions on reading instruction. Two samples of Spanish teachers, 840 Preschool teachers and 876 Primary teachers, were surveyed about their opinion on reading skills, their reading instruction practices, and methods of detecting and assessing reading difficulties. The questionnaire for primary teachers also included questions on preparedness and knowledge. Most teachers favored whole-word methods, included maturity and motivation, as relevant aids for phonological awareness and showed poor grasp of factors underpinning reading acquisition. Teachers showed inconsistent and limited knowledge of the evidence-based approach for effective reading instruction. Specific programs are needed to provide preservice teachers with evidence-based instruction and continuous training for in service teachers.(AU)


Investigaciones anteriores han señalado qué habilidades son necesarias para la adquisición de la lectura y qué métodos son eficaces para su enseñanza. Sin embargo, investigaciones recientes indican que los profesores carecen de conocimiento suficiente sobre los constructos implicados en la enseñanza de la lectura. Este estudio pretende examinar la práctica y las opiniones de los profesores españoles sobre la enseñanza de la lectura. Se encuestó a dos muestras de profesores españoles, 840 de preescolar y 876 de primaria, sobre sus opiniones acerca de las habilidades lectoras, sus prácticas de enseñanza de la lectura y los métodos de detección y evaluación de las dificultades lectoras. El cuestionario para los profesores de primaria también incluía cuestiones para valorar su preparación y conocimiento. La mayoría de los profesores se inclinaron por los métodos globales y consideraron que la madurez y la motivación son ayudas relevantes para adquirir la conciencia fonológica. Además, mostraron escasa comprensión de los factores que sustentan la adquisición de la lectura. Los profesores manifestaron un conocimiento inconsistente y limitado del enfoque basado en la evidencia para la enseñanza eficaz de la lectura. Se necesitan programas específicos para proporcionar a los profesores en formación una instrucción basada en la evidencia y una formación continua para los profesores en activo.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Professores Escolares , Leitura , Ensino , Compreensão , Docentes/educação , Inquéritos e Questionários , Espanha , Psicologia Educacional
9.
Allergol. immunopatol ; 51(4): 158-163, 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-222646

RESUMO

Background: Children are affected by food allergies more than adults, so teachers have the most significant responsibility for food allergy management in schools. Objectives: To determine the effect of food allergies and anaphylaxis management training on Turkish teachers’ self-efficacy. Material and methods: In this study, 90 teachers were selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected before and immediately after the training on School Personnel’s Self-Efficacy in Managing Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis at School Scale. A training program that consisted of 60-minute sessions was conducted. Data were evaluated using the paired samples t-test. Results: There was a significant difference between the teachers’ self-efficacy levels before (22.76±8.94) and after the training (32.81±6.09), and self-efficacy levels significantly increased (p < .05). Conclusions: The training increased the teachers’ self-efficacy in managing food allergies and anaphylaxis (AU)


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Anafilaxia/terapia , Hipersensibilidade Alimentar/terapia , Professores Escolares , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Anafilaxia/etiologia , Educação em Saúde/métodos , Serviços de Saúde Escolar , Turquia
10.
Arch. prev. riesgos labor. (Ed. impr.) ; 25(3): 259-270, jul. 15 2022. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-209111

RESUMO

ResumenIntroducción: Diseñar y validar una escala de percepción acerca del teletrabajo en docentes de educación básica peruanos.Método: Estudio transversal, con 400 docentes de educación básica (61,50% mujeres) en-tre 21 y 61 años, de 6 ciudades del sur de Perú. Se propusieron 8 ítems que obedecen a los conceptos de capacitación, seguridad, flexibilidad de los horarios a partir de aspectos teóri-cos hallados en la literatura científica. La escala fue validada por 7 expertos que evaluaron relevancia, representatividad y claridad de los ítems. Posteriormente se aplicó el análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) y el análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC), mediante el programa FACTOR Analysis y el SPSS AMOS versión 21.Resultados: Los indicadores V de Aiken fueron estadísticamente significativos para los 8 ítems. Previa ejecución del AFE se calculó el coeficiente KMO (0,93) y el test de Bartlett (1832,90; gl = 28; p = 0,00). Se evidenció la existencia de un solo factor que explica el 62,27 % de la varianza total de la escala y sus cargas factoriales oscilan entre 0,65 y 0,84. El AFC corroboró la estructura interna de la escala (χ2 = 58,24, df = 20, p < 0,01; RMR = 0,03; TLI = 0,97; CFI = 0,97; y RMSEA = 0,06) y la confiabilidad fue aceptable (α = 0,93; IC 95% = 0,89 – 0,92).Conclusiones: La escalamuestra evidencias de validez basada en el contenido, estructura interna y fiabilidad (AU)


AbstractIntroduction: To design and validate a scale of perception of teleworking in Peruvian prima-ry schoolteachers.Method: This was a cross-sectional study of 400 primary schoolteachers (61.5% women) between 21 and 61 years of age, from six cities in Peru. Eight items were proposed, cor-responding to indicators of training, safety, and flexibility of schedules, derived from the scientific literature. The scale was validated by seven experts who evaluated the relevance, representativeness and clarity of the items. Subsequently, we applied exploratory f (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), using the FACTOR Analysis program and SPSS AMOS version 21.Results: The Aiken V indicators were statistically significant for the eight items. Before run-ning the AFE, we calculated the KMO coefficient (0.93) and Bartlett’s test (1832.9; gl = 28; p = 0.00). A single factor explained 62.27% of the total variance of the scale and its factor loadings ranged from 0.65 to 0.84. The CFA corroborated the internal structure of the scale (χ2 = 58.24, df = 20, p < 0.01; RMR = 0.03; TLI = 0.97; CFI = 0.97; and RMSEA = 0.06) and the reliability was acceptable (α = 0.93; 95% CI = 0.89 – 0.92).Conclusions: The scale demonstrates evidence of content-based validity, internal structure and reliability (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Educação a Distância , Professores Escolares/estatística & dados numéricos , Ensino Fundamental e Médio , Peru
11.
Siglo cero (Madr.) ; 53(1): 29-49, Ene.-Mar. 2022. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-207000

RESUMO

Este trabajo abordó las creencias de un grupo de maestros colombianos, en torno a cinco factores relacionados con la discapacidad, a saber: (1) las percepciones sobre el estudiante con discapacidad (EcD); (2) la labor del maestro en los procesos de aprendizaje de los EcD; (3) las adaptaciones pedagógicas y el trabajo en el aula con EcD; (4) la instalación de valores inclusivos en la escuela gracias, entre otros, a la participación de alumnado con discapacidad; y (5) las condiciones y requisitos que deben darse en las escuelas para la formación de EcD. Para ello, se diseñó un cuestionario on-line que constaba de 47 preguntas, el cual fue diligenciado por 61 docentes pertenecientes a diversos niveles del sistema educativo colombiano. Los resultados indican que poseer formación en educación inclusiva y discapacidad, así como tener un posgrado en educación y trabajar en entornos educativos que fomenten acciones tendientes al reconocimiento de la diversidad, son tres variables cruciales que arrojan diferencias significativas en las creencias de los profesores encuestados. Todo lo anterior se discute en función de los retos que enfrenta la educación colombiana en el camino de alcanzar una educación inclusiva que acoja plenamente a los EcD. (AU)


This paper addressed the beliefs of a group of Colombian teachers, around five factors related to disability, namely: (1) perceptions about the student with disability (EcD); (2) the work of the teacher in the learning processes of EcD; (3) peda-gogical adaptations and classroom work with EcD; (4) the installation of inclusive values in schools, inter alia, through the participation of pupils with disabilities; and (5) the conditions and requirements to be met in schools for the training of EcD. For this pur-pose, an on-line questionnaire consisting of 47 questions was designed, which was com-pleted by 61 teachers belonging to various levels of the Colombian education system. The results indicate that they have training in inclusive education and disability, as well as have a postgraduate degree in education and work in educational environments that promote actions to recognize diversity, are three crucial variables that show significant differences in the beliefs of valued teachers. All of the above is discussed in terms of the challenges facing Colombian education on the path to achieving an inclusive education that fully embraces EcD. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Pessoas com Deficiência , Estudos sobre Deficiências , Educação , Professores Escolares , Educação Especial , Inquéritos e Questionários , Colômbia
12.
Psicol. educ. (Madr.) ; 28(1): 39-46, ene. 2022. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-204201

RESUMO

The Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES) is one of the most diffused tools for assessing teachers’ self-efficacy. Despite a strong background, professionals brought concerns on TSES structural feasibility due to changes experienced by education in the last decade. The aim of this study is to test an alternative structure of TSES (A-TSES) that includes a fourth factor, efficacy in student misbehaviour. A sample of 775 teachers were asked to fill TSES. Results showed that, while the original TSES is a good fit for the dataset, A-TSES represents a more appropriate model. Future research should focus on testing A-TSES in different educational systems, as well as on delving into the development of its four-factor structure for future practical application. (AU)


La Escala sobre el sentido de autoeficacia de los profesores (TSES) es uno de los instrumentos más usados para la medición del sentido de eficacia de los maestros. A pesar de su amplio respaldo científico, los cambios sufridos por la educación en la última década han llevado a los expertos a cuestionar la viabilidad de su actual estructura. El objetivo de este trabajo es poner a prueba una estructura alternativa a la TSES (A-TSES) que incluye un cuarto factor, la eficacia en el mal comportamiento de los estudiantes. Los resultados obtenidos de una muestra de 775 maestros muestran que aunque la estructura original de la TSES puede ser considerada buena la A-TSES representa un modelo más robusto. En futuro, la investigación en este campo debería enfocarse en poner a prueba la A-TSES en diferentes sistemas educativos, al mismo tiempo que será necesario profundizar en el análisis de la estructura de cuatro factores para futuras aplicaciones prácticas. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Avaliação Educacional , Comportamento Infantil , Instituições Acadêmicas , Professores Escolares , Eficácia , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes
13.
Span. j. psychol ; 25: [e28], 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-216628

RESUMO

School represents an important context for children’s social, moral, and identity development. Research indicates that supportive teacher-student relationships are significantly related to positive student academic achievement. Unfortunately, teacher bias as well as peer exclusion based on group identity (gender, race, ethnicity, and nationality) pervade many school contexts. The presence of these biases in the classroom is negatively related to students’ academic development, especially for children who are minoritized and marginalized. Very little research has connected teacher bias and children’s reasoning about bias and inequalities in the classroom context. The classroom is a complex environment in which to examine children’s social and moral reasoning about bias, given teachers’ position of authority which often includes power, status, and prestige. We propose that understanding both teacher bias and peer intergroup exclusion are essential for promoting more fair classrooms. This paper reviews foundational theory as well as the social reasoning developmental model as a framework for studying how children think about fairness and bias in the classroom context. We then discuss current research on children’s social-cognitive and moral capacities, particularly in the contexts of societal inequality and social inclusion or exclusion. Finally, this article proposes new directions for research to promote fairness and inclusivity in schools and suggests how these new lines of research might inform school-based interventions. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Sucesso Acadêmico , Processos Grupais , Grupo Associado , Professores Escolares/psicologia , Instituições Acadêmicas , Estudantes/psicologia , Percepção Social
14.
Span. j. psychol ; 25: [e30], 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-216630

RESUMO

Teachers can contribute to preventing and solving cyberbullying situations. Therefore, it is relevant to investigate what may influence their involvement and actions concerning this phenomenon. A first study analyze teachers’ definitions of cyberbullying, how they would intervene and feel morally implicated with the phenomenon. A second study aimed to investigate the association between teachers’ being aware of cyberbullying and their perceived severity, moral disengagement with the phenomenon, perceived performance to solve such situations and their acquired knowledge about cyberbullying. Twenty semi-structured interviews were conducted in the first study with 25 to 65-year-old teachers. An online inventory was answered in study two by 541 middle and high school teachers (Mage = 50, SD = 7). A thematic analysis from the first study revealed that most teachers did not report repetition of behavior, power imbalance, intentionality to harm, and occurrence among peers as defining features of cyberbullying. Also, strategies they would use to intervene mainly focused on reporting the incident. Moreover, moral disengagement mechanisms were found in teachers’ discourse, which contribute to displacing responsibility for intervening and perceiving cyberbullying as less severe. In the second study, path analysis revealed that teachers’ awareness of cyberbullying among their students was positively associated with moral disengagement and acquired knowledge of the phenomenon. The mediating role of acquired knowledge of cyberbullying was significant between being aware of cyberbullying and teachers’ perceived severity of the situation, moral disengagement, and perceived performance to solve these situations. These findings highlight the relevance of developing cyberbullying training actions involving teachers. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Bullying/psicologia , Emoções , Professores Escolares/psicologia , Princípios Morais , Cyberbullying/psicologia
15.
J. negat. no posit. results ; 6(12): 1408-1426, Dic. 2021. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-224363

RESUMO

A continuación, se presenta una indagación sobre la puesta en marcha de la tutoría entre pares en el Colegio de Bachilleres del Estado de Sinaloa a lo largo del ciclo escolar 2019-2020, con el objeto de describir su impacto en la Educación Media Superior. No obstante, además de explorar este fenómeno dentro de la modalidad presencial, se hacen algunas reflexiones respecto a su influencia en contextos adversos y emergentes como lo fue la pandemia del COVID-19. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo general valorar el impacto del programa institucional Tutoría Par en la experiencia educativa de los educandos en contextos de educación formal e informal como la cuarentena provocada por la contingencia sanitaria del coronavirus. Los participantes del estudio fueron estudiantes de primer y segundo grado de bachillerato y docentes adscritos al plantel que lleva de nombre COBAES 60 “Profra. Jesusita Neda”. Se siguió un enfoque de investigación cualitativa bajo el método de la fenomenología; en este respecto, se aplicaron tres cuestionarios en línea y se realizaron registros de observación participante a lo largo del ciclo escolar. Los resultados arrojaron que la estrategia de aprendizaje conocida como tutoría par impacta positivamente en la experiencia, aprovechamiento académico, aprendizaje, e inclusión en la mayoría de los alumnos de nivel medio superior; sin embargo, se necesitan mejorar tanto los procesos para el funcionamiento del programa como el compromiso y comunicación entre los actores principales de la acción tutorial. Entre las conclusiones, se destaca que la mejora de habilidades pedagógicas, de acompañamiento, y el fomento de la confianza son factores sustanciales que optimizan la experiencia educativa de los educandos en la actividad tutorial.(AU)


Next, an inquiry is presented about the implementation of peer tutoring in the Colegio de Bachilleres del Estado de Sinaloa throughout the 2019-2020 school year, in order to describe its impact on High School Education. However, in addition to exploring this phenomenon within the face-to-face modality, some reflections are made regarding its influence in adverse and emerging contexts such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The main objective of this research was to value the impact of the Peer Tutoring institutional program on the educational experience of learners in contexts of formal and informal education such as the quarantine caused by the coronavirus health contingency. The study participants were first, and second grade students and teachers from the high school with the name of COBAES 60 “Profra. Jesusita Neda”. A qualitative research approach was followed under the method of phenomenology; in this regard, three online questionnaires were applied, and participant observation records were made throughout the school year. The results showed that the learning strategy known as peer tutoring has a positive impact on the experience, academic achievement, learning, and inclusion in the majority of high school students; nevertheless, both the processes for the operation of the program and the commitment and communication between the main actors of the tutorial action need to be improved. Among the conclusions, it is highlighted that the improvement of pedagogical skills, support, and the promotion of confidence are substantial factors that optimize the educational experience of the learners in the tutorial activity.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Professores Escolares , Tutoria , Estudantes , Pandemias , Isolamento Social , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Coronavírus Relacionado à Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave , Inquéritos e Questionários , Aprendizagem , Ensino , México
16.
An. psicol ; 37(2): 253-264, mayo-sept. 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-202549

RESUMO

Ambivalent sexism is a multidimensional construct composed of two elements: hostile sexism and benevolent sexism. The main aim of this study is to analyse the acceptance of ambivalent sexist attitudes in a sample of future teachers from Spain and Latin America. The research is based on a quantitative methodological strategy. The sample is composed of 2798 trainee teachers, and their mean age is 22.62 years (SD = 6.23), they were residing in seven countries: Spain, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Colombia, Chile, Argentina and Mexico. The data collection technique was the structured questionnaire. The results show that ambivalent sexist attitudes exist to a varying degree in future teachers of every country. The assumption of sexism varies significantly between men and women and among countries. There seems to be a relationship between levels of sexism with indices of gender inequality and human development. Education institutions are not exempt from obstacles and gender bias that impede the attainment of equality between women and men. Sexist attitudes of teachers can be transmitted through the education system and the socialization process, so including gender issues in initial and in service teacher training plans is essential


El sexismo ambivalente es un constructo multidimensional compuesto por dos componentes: el sexismo hostil y el sexismo benévolo. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido analizar la aceptación de las actitudes sexistas ambivalentes en una muestra de futuros y futuras docentes de España y Latinoamérica. En la investigación participaron 2798 docentes en formación con una edad media de 22.62 años (DE = 6.23) que residían en siete países: España, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Colombia, Chile, Argentina y México. Los resultados muestran que las actitudes sexistas están presentes, con diferentes grados de aceptación, en el profesorado en formación de todos los países. La aceptación del sexismo varía significativamente entre hombres y mujeres y entre los países de la muestra. Parece existir una relación entre los niveles de sexismo y los índices de desigualdad de género y desarrollo humano. Las actitudes sexistas del profesorado pueden transmitirse a través del sistema educativo y de los procesos de socialización, por lo que es fundamental incluir la perspectiva de género en los planes de formación inicial y continua del profesorado


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Professores Escolares/estatística & dados numéricos , Capacitação de Professores , Sexismo/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores Sexuais , Sexismo/psicologia , Professores Escolares/psicologia , Valores de Referência , Hostilidade , Empatia , Espanha , América Latina
17.
An. psicol ; 37(2): 276-286, mayo-sept. 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-202551

RESUMO

The research objective was to establish relationships of association, interdependence and structural prediction between the variables of test anxiety, self-regulation and stress coping strategies. The theoretical framework of reference was the Competence for Studying, Learning and Performing under Stress (CSLPS) model. Participating were 142 students who were preparing for professional examinations to attain a post as public school teacher (primary education), enrolled at academies in Almería (Spain) for this purpose. Previously validated questionnaires were administered for data collection. The study design was linear ex post-facto, with bivariate, inferential analyses of association (ANOVAs and MANOVAs) and of structural prediction. Results showed a negative relationship between test anxiety self-regulation, especially in students with high emotionality, and a negative impact on decision making. Positive relationships were found between test anxiety and strategies for coping with stress. Finally, a positive predictive relationship was verified between self-regulation and coping strategies, while associative and inferential analyses highlighted the role of goals as determining factors in strategies used for coping with stress, especially strategies that focuson problem solving. Results are discussed and implications for improving these processes in professional examination candidates are established


El objetivo de la investigación fue establecer relaciones de asociación, interdependencia y predicción estructural entre las variables ansiedad evaluativa, authorregulación y estrategias de afrontamiento del estrés. El marco teórico de referencia fue el modelo de la competencia de Studying, Learning, and Performing under Stress (SLPS). Participaron 142 estudiantes, que se estaban preparando en academias de Almería (España) para obtener plaza como maestros en centros públicos. Para la recogida de datos se administraron cuestionarios escritos previamente validados. El diseño fue ex post-facto lineal, con análisis de asociación bivariada, inferenciales (ANOVAs y MANOVAs) y de predicción estructural. Los resultados mostraron una relación negativa entre la ansiedad evaluativa y la autorregulación, especialmente en los estudiantes con alta emocionalidad, con un impacto negativo para la toma de decisiones. También se encontraron relaciones positivas entre la ansiedad evaluativa y las estrategias de afrontamiento del estrés. Por último, se constató la relación de predicción positiva entre la autorregulación y las estrategias de afrontamiento, a la vez que los análisis asociativos e inferenciales destacaron el papel de las metas como determinantes de las estrategias usadas para afrontar el estrés, especialmente, las referidas a la focalización en la resolución de problemas. Se discuten los resultados y se establecen implicaciones para las mejoras de estos procesos en los estudiantes opositores


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ansiedade de Desempenho/psicologia , Autocontrole/psicologia , Adaptação Psicológica , Professores Escolares/psicologia , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Escala de Ansiedade Frente a Teste , Inquéritos e Questionários , Valores de Referência , Aprendizagem
20.
Psicol. educ. (Madr.) ; 27(2): 155-165, JUNIO 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-224772

RESUMO

This study was intended to validate a rubric to assess pedagogical practices SOCME 10 in teachers who have recently gone into teaching service in Mexico based on socioformation. Its content validity was determined from a 21 expert evaluation. Highly satisfactory levels of suitability and understandability were obtained in each of the 10 pedagogical practices contained in the instrument (Aiken’s V > .80). Afterward, the rubric was administered to 532 Mexican teachers recently recruited for the public education service. Participants expressed high levels of suitability, understandability, and satisfaction concerning the instrument. According to the theoretical rationale, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses determined the single-factor nature of the instrument. The factor was identified as “mediation of problem-based training, collaboration, and inclusion.” Instrument reliability was Cronbach’s alpha (.86). It is concluded that SOCME 10 possesses high levels of content and construct validity, as well as reliability for the target population. (AU)


Este estudio tuvo como propósito validar la rúbrica SOCME-10 para evaluar las prácticas pedagógicas con base en la socioformación, en profesores que recientemente ingresaron al servicio educativo público de México. Inicialmente, se determinó la validez de contenido a partir de una evaluación de 21 expertos. Al respecto, en cada una de las 10 prácticas pedagógicas establecidas en la rúbrica SOCME-10 se obtuvieron valores satisfactorios en la V de Aiken (V >.80) en pertinencia y comprensión. Posteriormente, se administró la rúbrica a 532 profesores mexicanos que recientemente ingresaron al servicio público educativo. En general, los participantes evaluaron la rúbrica con un nivel adecuado de pertinencia, comprensión y satisfacción. Los análisis factoriales exploratorio y confirmatorio confirmaron la existencia de un único factor en la rúbrica, denominado “mediación de la formación basada en problemas, la colaboración y la inclusión”. La confiabilidad medida por el alfa de Cronbach fue de .86. Se concluye que la rúbrica SOCME-10 posee validez de contenido y de constructo, así como confiabilidad para el grupo abordado. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ensino/psicologia , Docentes/psicologia , Professores Escolares , Capacitação de Professores , México , Levantamentos de Bibliotecas
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