Prevalence of pharmacist knowledge on beyond-use date (BUD) of various non-sterile compounding drugs in Indonesia

Objective: In extemporaneous compounding, drugs’ stability is indicated by beyond-use date (BUD), which is different from the expiration date determined by manufacturers, hence, pharmacists are required to provide proper BUD information to patients. A recent study showed that BUD knowledge in the North Jakarta community is low, therefore, this study aims to examine the prevalence of Indonesian pharmacists’ BUD knowledge regarding various non-sterile dosage forms. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved Indonesian pharmacists’ knowledge of serving extemporaneous prescriptions. Recruitment was carried out through the purposive and snow-balling sampling method, while data were obtained by filling out a validated authors’ designed questionnaire, with total 34 questions, and collected in September 2021 and then analyzed using the chi-square test. Results: Among the 221 total respondents, 93.7% had BUD knowledge, while 12.7% responded that BUD and expiration date are similar. Regarding BUD for crushed tablets, dry syrup without preservatives, and ointment without moisture, there were 13.1%, 82.8%, and 29.4% responded rightly, respectively. Furthermore, there was no correlation between BUD knowledge and respondents’ characteristics, including health-care workplace and location, as well as gender, and age with p>0.05. Conclusion: Based on the results, the Indonesian pharmacists were considered to have inadequate BUD knowledge, specifically on crushed tablets and ointment, and this might affect drugs’ safety. (AU)

Flow dimensions on daily activities with the Spanish Version of the Flow Scale (DFS)

A sample of 250 students of psychology with an average age of 20.37 years, answered the Flow Q questionnaire indicating their favorite flow activity, and the Spanish version of the Dispositional Flow Scale (DFS). A confirmatory factor analysis assessed the DFS construct validity of the flow model on daily activities. Both a hierarchical model of eight first order factors reflecting a second order global flow factor, and a model with eight formative first order flow dimensions, showed good fit and discriminant power. Most optimal activities were found to be individual and structured, such as studying, reading and certain forms of individual sports. Leisure activities turned out to be more rewarding than studying. Sports displayed more flow, clear goals, merging of action and awareness, and autotelic experience. Reading also showed more flow, balance of challenge and skills, feedback, merging of action and awareness, and loss of self-consciousness. On the other hand, studying displayed less flow, merging of action and awareness, and autotelic experience (AU)

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Evaluación del tiempo de caducidad de la capacidad desinfectante de una solución de ácido peracético y adamantina / No disponible

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Influencia del tiempo de almacenamiento sobre la dureza y rugosidad de materiales para rebasados resilentes / Influence of storage time on the hardness and roughness of soft liners materials

Fundamento: Los materiales para rebasados resilentes de prótesis, presentan ciertas características clínicamente importantes que pueden alterarse con el tiempo de uso, entre ellas la dureza, y rugosidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la influencia del almacenamiento sobre la dureza Shore A y rugosidad de cuatro materiales resilentes para rebasado. Materiales y método: Fueron utilizados 4 materiales resilentes: Dentuflex, Coe-Soft, Dentusoft y Dinabase, 3 temporales y un permanente; para cada material fueron confeccionadas 7 muestras. Se evaluó la dureza y rugosidad inicialmente, a los 30 y 90 días de almacenamiento en agua destilada a 35±2ºC. Los resultados fueron sometidos al análisis de varianza (ANOVA) y las medias comparadas por el Test de Tukey (p<0,05). Resultados: Dentuflex, Coe-Soft, Dentusoft y Dinabase presentaron los mayores valores medios iniciales de dureza, en este orden. Con respecto a la rugosidad, Dentuflex, Dentusoft, Coe-Soft y Dinabase presentaron los mayores valores medios iniciales. Después del periodo de almacenamiento se observó un aumento significativo de los valores de dureza en todos los materiales. El material Dentuflex presentó valores de rugosidad significativamente menores, mientras que los valores de los otros materiales aumentaron significativamente. Conclusión: El tiempo de almacenamiento influenció sobre la dureza y rugosidad todos los materiales (AU)

Statement of problem: Resilient soft liners materials have many important features that could be altered over time, like hardness and roughness. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of water storage on the hardness Shore A and roughness of four resilient soft liners materials. Materials and methods: Four materials were used: Dentuflex, Coe-Soft, Dentusoft and Dinabase, three temporary and one permanent material. For each material 7 specimens were made. The hardness and the roughness were evaluated in the initial period, after 30 and 90 days of distilled water storage at 35±2ºC. The results were submitted to analyses of variance (ANOVA) and the averages compared by Tukey's Test (p<0.05). Results: Dentuflex, Coe-Soft, Dentusoft and Dinabase displayed higher initial average of hardness values, whereas Dentuflex, Dentusoft, Coe-Soft and Dinabase higher initial average of roughness values. After water storage a significant increase in the hardness values in all materials was observed. Dentuflex material showed smaller roughness values, while the other materials increased significantly. Conclusion: Time storage influenced all the materials analyzed with respect to hardness and roughness (AU)