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1.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 55(8): [102653], Agos. 2023. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-223689

RESUMO

Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de síntomas psicopatológicos entre los refugiados saharauis y la influencia de factores sociodemográficos en la expresión fenotípica de los trastornos mentales. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Emplazamiento: Atención primaria y hospitalaria de salud. Participantes: Trescientos ochenta y tres (383) participantes mayores de 18 años, 59,8% mujeres y 40,2% hombres, con una media de edad del 37,2 (DE = 13,0), del campamento del Aaiún y del Hospital Nacional de Rabuni. Método: Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo transversal y analítico entre enero y agosto de 2017. Los participantes se seleccionaron por muestreo consecutivo. La variable principal fue la presencia de síntomas mentales, medida con el Cuestionario General de Salud de Goldberg-28. Se hizo un análisis descriptivo de cada variable sociodemográfica (edad, sexo, nivel de estudios, ocupación) y su asociación con la variable principal mediante regresión logística. Resultados: El 43,3%, IC 95% (38,4-48,3) obtuvo puntuación que sugiere la presencia de síntomas mentales. Las mujeres presentaron una puntuación media superior a los hombres, en las subescalas A (síntomas somáticos) y en la subescala B (ansiedad). Se asociaron con mayor probabilidad de tener síntomas mentales la edad mayor de 50 años y no tener nivel de estudios. Conclusiones: El estudio pone de manifiesto que la prevalencia de síntomas mentales entre los refugiados saharauis es alta, y refuerza la necesidad de más investigaciones científicas en el campo de la salud mental para poner la prevención de los trastornos mentales y la promoción de la salud mental en el foco de las políticas sanitarias.(AU)


Objective: To assess the prevalence of psychopathological symptoms among Saharawi refugees and the influence of sociodemographic factors on the phenotypic expression of mental disorders.Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Location: Primary and hospital health care. Participants: 383 participants over 18 years of age, 59.8% women and 40.2% men, with a mean age of 37.2 (SD = 13.0), from the Laayoune camp, and from the Rabuni National Hospital. Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional and analytical study was carried out between January and August 2017. Participants were selected by consecutive sampling. The main variable was the presence of mental symptoms, measured with the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire - 28. A descriptive analysis of each sociodemographic variable (age, sex, educational level, occupation) and its association with the main variable was carried out using Logistic regression. Results: 43.3%, 95%CI (38.4-48.3) obtained a score that suggests the presence of mental symptoms. Women presented a mean score higher than men, in subscales A (somatic symptoms) and in subscale B (anxiety). Age over 50 years and having no educational level were associated with a higher probability of having mental symptoms. Conclusions: The study shows that the prevalence of mental symptoms among Saharawi refugees is high, and reinforces the need for more scientific research in the field of mental health to put the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of mental health in the focus of health policy.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Psicopatologia , Saúde Mental , Transtornos Mentais , Refugiados/psicologia , Sintomas Psíquicos , Avaliação de Sintomas , Prevalência , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Transversais , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Inquéritos e Questionários , Argélia
2.
Int. microbiol ; 25(2): 379-396, May. 2022. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-216039

RESUMO

Unique environments often serve as a source of novel microorganisms with novel chemistries. In this study, telluric samples collected from different regions of Algeria were processed for the isolation of novel peroxidase-producing actinobacterial strains. An agar-based screening identified 45 isolates with the ability to produce peroxidase. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that most of the strains belong to the genus Streptomyces. Optimization of cultivation conditions was performed for the top five peroxidase-producing strains. Apart from strain 36 (optimal growth temperature of 30 °C) and strain 45 (optimal medium pH of 6.0), the strains exhibited optimal peroxidase production when cultivated for 5 days at 37 °C and in a medium at pH 7.0. Extracellular peroxidase production was induced by ferulic acid in three of the five strains, while the presence of canola lignocellulosic waste (CLW) induced peroxidase production in all strains. Strain 19 (S19) was selected for further optimization and the extracellular peroxidase purified using acid and acetone precipitation, followed by size exclusion chromatography. The purified fraction showed a single band on the polyacrylamide gel with an estimated molecular weight of 21.45 kDa. Genome analysis confirmed the assignment of S19 to the genus Streptomyces, the presence of genes encoding for peroxidases, and the presence of genes encoding for carbohydrate-active enzymes. The presence of biosynthetic gene clusters potentially encoding for biosurfactants further highlighted the great biotechnological potential of the strain.(AU)


Assuntos
Peroxidase , Streptomyces , Actinobacteria , Análise de Sequência de RNA , Microbiologia , Argélia
3.
Int. microbiol ; 25(1): 61-73, Ene. 2022. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-216012

RESUMO

Seven metal-resistant yeast strains were isolated and selected from Dayet Oum Ghellaz Lake water (northwest of Algeria) known as a highly polluted area by lead and cadmium. The yeast strains were screened on the basis of their resistance to seven heavy metals Hg, Cr, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Fe and characterized by molecular and phylogenetic analysis. The sequencing of the D1/D2 domain of the 26S rRNA genes revealed the affiliation of the seven yeast isolates to Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Clavispora lusitaniae, and Wickerhamomyces anomalus species. All yeast strains were halotolerant as they were able to grow in 10–15% NaCl. The yeast isolates were highly resistant to the studied heavy metals and exhibited different tolerance according to the metal type. The highest minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were observed in R. mucilaginosa RO7 and W. anomalus WO2 strains which were then selected for lead removal assays. The present study is the first to investigate the lead elimination by W. anomalus. The lead uptake was significantly affected by biomass concentration in a reverse relationship, with purification percentages estimated at 98.15 ± 0.9% and 97.046 ± 0.47% and removal efficiency of 12.68 ± 0.91 and 15.55 ± 0.72 mg/g for W. anomalus WO2 and R. mucilaginosa RO7, respectively. The investigated metal-tolerant yeast strains proved to be promising candidates for bioremediation processes of heavy metals. This work amends the metal-resistant yeast bank with new strains having interesting abilities to resist to relatively high concentrations of toxic heavy metals and which can be used in the near future as low-cost biosorbents.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Biodegradação Ambiental , Água Doce , Captação em Lagos , Metais Pesados , Chumbo , Intoxicação por Chumbo , Pesquisa , Microbiologia , Argélia
4.
J. optom. (Internet) ; 14(2): 176-182, April-June 2021. graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-208529

RESUMO

Purpose: To report the practice of orthokeratology (OK) in Algeria and to investigate the visual outcomes, safety and subjective responses with this technique in myopes.MethodsA retrospective chart review of 48 participants using OK lenses since January 2010 were included in the study. Lenses were selected and fitted according to the manufacturer’s recommendations using their respective software and the number of lenses required for a successful fit was recorded. Visual acuity (VA) in logMAR units and biomicroscopic findings were recorded for each visit. Subjective ratings was determined with analogue rating scale was filled in by the investigator, the participants were divided into Group 1 (> 4.00D) and Group 2 (< 3.75D) myopic groups for analysis.ResultsFirst lens fitting success rate of 64.58%. There was also a significant difference between the BCVA at baseline and VA at Day 1 (P < 0.05), and no significant difference at Day 7, Day 30 and the final visit (P = 0.51, P = 0.93, P = 0.62, respectively), for Group 2. There was a significant difference between the BCVA at baseline and VA at Day 1, 7, 30 and the final visit (P < 0.05), for Group 1. the patients of the second group were happier but the results from the survey were not statistically significant (P = 0.10), no serious complication was reported.Conclusionthe technique was efficient and safe as we didn’t have any serious complication, with a high success rate for first lens fitting. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Miopia , Procedimentos Ortoceratológicos , Refração Ocular , Estudos Retrospectivos , Argélia
5.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 39(2): 26-33, 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-191590

RESUMO

AIM: Assess and compare the diet quality of university students living in two different Mediterranean countries (Algeria and Spain). METHODS: 303 university students from two different Mediterranean areas (Algeria and Spain) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The data collection of students' diet and other personal variables was based on a self-reported method; a nutritional evaluation was carried out using the DIAL(R) nutritional software. RESULTS: There were found significant differences in the diets, not only because of gender but also nationality, probably due to inherent cultural and socioeconomic characteristics of each country resulting in variants of Mediterranean diet. CONCLUSIONS: Nutrition education programs based on the promotion of Mediterranean lifestyle must be aimed at all ages, but especially in university stage


OBJETIVO: evaluar y comparar la calidad de la dieta de los estudiantes universitarios que viven en dos países mediterráneos diferentes (Argelia y España). MÉTODO: 303 estudiantes universitarios de dos áreas mediterráneas diferentes (Argelia y España) se inscribieron en este estudio transversal. La recopilación de datos de la dieta de los estudiantes y otras variables personales se recogío mediante en un cuestionario autoinformado; Se realizó una evaluación nutricional utilizando el software nutricional DIAL(R). RESULTADOS: Se encontraron diferencias significativas en las dietas, no solo debido al género sino también a la nacionalidad, probablemente debido a las distintas características culturales y socioeconómicas de cada país que se reflejan en algunas variantes de la dieta mediterránea. CONCLUSIÓN: los programas de educación nutricional basados en la promoción del estilo de vida mediterráneo deben estar dirigidos a todas las edades, pero especialmente en la etapa universitaria


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Dieta Mediterrânea , Estudantes , Avaliação Nutricional , Ingestão de Energia , Estado Nutricional , Estudos Transversais , Universidades , Argélia , Espanha
6.
Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 31(2): 123-131, mar.-abr. 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-161196

RESUMO

Objetivo: Explorar la percepción que tienen los profesionales de la salud sobre la influencia de las creencias y tradiciones derivadas del Islam en la donación y el trasplante de órganos en Argelia. Método: Estudio cualitativo exploratorio mediante entrevistas personales semiestructuradas a 17 profesionales de la salud (nueve hombres y ocho mujeres) de diferentes especialidades en un hospital universitario en Argel (Argelia). Se realizó un análisis de contenido cualitativo de las transcripciones con la ayuda del software informático ATLAS.ti 5. Resultados: Las y los profesionales de salud consideran que las creencias religiosas no afectan a la donación en vida, pero opinan que tienen un impacto negativo en la donación de órganos cadavérica debido a la existencia de mitos derivados de la religión islámica y al desconocimiento de la población argelina sobre el posicionamiento de los líderes religiosos en relación al trasplante y a la donación de órganos. Conclusión: Existe confusión entre la población argelina sobre la postura del Islam en torno a la donación y el trasplante de órganos, que perjudica fundamentalmente a la tasa de donación cadavérica. La colaboración entre el sector sanitario y las figuras religiosas para sensibilizar a la población podría contribuir a mejorar la disposición de la población a donar sus órganos no solo en vida (AU)


Objective: The aim of this study is to explore healthcare professionals’ perception of the influence of Islamic beliefs and traditions concerning organ donation and transplants in Algeria. Methods: Exploratory qualitative study using individual semi-structured interviews of 17 healthcare professionals (9 men, 8 women) of different specialties in a University hospital in Algiers (Algeria). Qualitative content analysis of transcripts was performed using the computer software ATLAS.ti 5. Results: Healthcare professionals believe that religious beliefs do not affect living donation but say they have a negative impact on donation of cadaveric organs due to the existence of myths derived from the Islamic religion and lack of knowledge of the Algerian population about the positioning of religious leaders in relation to organ donation and transplantation. Conclusion: There is confusion among the Algerian population on the position of Islam around organ donation and transplantation, mainly to the detriment of the rate of cadaveric donation. Collaboration between the health sector and religious leaders to raise public awareness could improve the willingness of the population to donate organs after death (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Obtenção de Tecidos e Órgãos/ética , Transplante de Órgãos/ética , Fidelidade a Diretrizes/ética , Religião e Medicina , Islamismo , Argélia
7.
Index enferm ; 25(3): 180-184, jul.-sept. 2016. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-158186

RESUMO

En algunas ocasiones, el determinismo social, cultural o circunstancial, es susceptible de atraer ciertos factores de riesgo de vulnerabilidad social, que pueden provocar, sobre todo en los contextos de pobreza, una indefectible situación de exclusión social para la persona o incluso para toda su comunidad. Analizar la situación de las personas con discapacidad en contextos de pobreza, permite llegar a una aproximación de la influencia que ejercen estas circunstancias. El caso de los campamentos saharauis de Argelia en la región del Tinduf, servirá de ejemplo para ilustrar el fenómeno y visibilizar cómo en un mismo contexto pueden confluir diversos factores que agravan el bienestar y la calidad de vida de las personas. Del mismo modo, se investiga sobre las circunstancias que, desde la propia comunidad y en convergencia con agentes sociales externos, provocan la reacción de estas sociedades y ponen en marcha determinados mecanismos de compensación


Sometimes social, cultural and/or circumstantial determinism is likely to attract certain risk factors of social vulnerability, which can cause, especially in poverty contexts, an evident situation of social exclusion for the person or even his entire community. To analyze the situation of persons with disabilities in contexts of poverty, can be approximated from the influence of these circumstances. The case of the Saharawi camps in Algeria in the region of Tindouf, serve as an example to illustrate the phenomenon and visualize how in a same context can merge several factors that increase the welfare and quality of life of people. The same way, we investigate the circumstances from which the community and lined up with social external agents, causes the reaction of these societies and implements certain compensation mechanisms


Assuntos
Humanos , Marginalização Social , Pessoas com Deficiência/estatística & dados numéricos , Pobreza/estatística & dados numéricos , Discriminação Social/estatística & dados numéricos , Argélia , Serviços de Saúde para Pessoas com Deficiência/organização & administração , Campos de Refugiados/estatística & dados numéricos
8.
Rev. esp. quimioter ; 19(2): 144-151, jun. 2006. tab, graf
Artigo em En | IBECS | ID: ibc-047555

RESUMO

La prevalencia de la resistencia a los betalactámicos entre las enterobacterias es alta en todo el mundo, pero en Argelia no se dispone desuficientes datos. Se determinó la sensibilidad a los betalactámicos de 203 cepas clínicas de Escherichia coli mediante difusión en agar y seanalizó la producción de betalactamasas de espectro extendido (BLEE) mediante la técnica de la sinergia del doble disco. Este análisis mostrócinco fenotipos bien definidos: 1) 62 cepas (30,5%) fueron sensibles a todos los betalactámicos; 2) 135 cepas (66,5%) presentaron unfenotipo caracterizado por betalactamasas de amplio espectro (BLEA); 3) 3 cepas (1,5%) se definieron como productoras de BLEE; 4) 2 cepas(1%) fueron productoras de cefalosporinasa tipo AmpC; y 5) una (0,5%) presentó un fenotipo de disminución de la permeabilidad celulara los betalactámicos. La determinación del punto isoeléctrico mostró betalactamasas con puntos isoeléctricos de 5,4 o 7,6 para las cepascon fenotipo BLEA; ∼9,0 para 2 cepas productoras de BLEE; 5,4, 7,6 y ∼9,0 para la tercera cepa productora de BLEE; y 5,4 y ∼9,0 para lascepas productoras de cefalosporinasa AmpC. La hidrólisis de cefotaxima se corresponde con las bandas básicas con un punto isoeléctricode ∼9,0. El ensayo de conjugación mostró una transferencia de los fenotipos de resistencia de penicilinasas y cefalosporinasa AmpC y suscorrespondientes betalactamasas a E. coli BM21 en asociación con plásmidos de 71,4 kb para las cepas productoras de cefalosporinasaAmpC y de 40-56 kb para las productoras de penicilinasas. Este resultado mostró que el fenotipo productor de cefalosporinasa AmpC estámediado por plásmidos. Las cepas productoras de BLEE no transfirieron su resistencia mediante el ensayo de conjugación. La reacción encadena de la polimerasa utilizando primers específicos para los genes blaTEM, blaAmpC y blaCTX-M mostró una amplificación específica con elprimer para blaCTX-M en dos cepas productoras de BLEE; los primers para blaTEM y blaCTX-M para la tercera cepa productora de BLEE; y losprimers para blaTEM y blaAmpC para las cepas productoras de cefalosporinasa AmpC y sus cepas transconjugantes correspondientes. El estudiomostró una alta tasa de cepas productoras de penicilinasas y una baja frecuencia de fenotipos productores de AmpC y BLEE. Las betalactamasasproductoras de cefalosporinasa AmpC estaban mediadas por plásmidos y las BLEE pertenecieron al tipo CTM-M


A high prevalence of β-lactams resistance among Enterobacteriaceae have been reported worldwide; however, there are not sufficient dataon this issue in Algeria. β-Lactams susceptibility of 203 Escherichia coli clinical isolates was determined by agar diffusion method, and productionof extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) was screened by double-disk synergy test. This analysis showed five well-defined phenotypes:1) 62 isolates (30.5%) were susceptible to all β-lactams; 2) 135 isolates (66.5%) presented a broad-spectrum β-lactamases phenotype(BSBL); 3) three isolates (1.5%) were defined as producing ESBLs; 4) two isolates (1%) were AmpC cephalosporinase producers; and 5) one isolate(0.5%) presented a phenotype of cell-decreased permeability to β-lactams. Isoelectric focusing revealed β-lactamases with isolectric pointsof 5.4 or 7.6 for isolates with BSBL phenotype; ∼9.0 for two ESBL isolates; 5.4, 7.6 and ∼9.0 for the remaining ESBL isolate; and 5.4 and ∼9.0for the AmpC isolates. The cefotaxime hydrolysis corresponds to the basic bands with an isoelectric point of ∼9.0. Conjugation assay showedtransfer of penicillinase and AmpC resistance phenotypes and their corresponding β-lactamases to recipient E. coli BM21 in association withplasmids of 71.4 kb for the AmpC isolates and from 40–56 kb for penicillinase isolates. This result showed that the AmpC phenotype is plasmidmediated. ESBL isolates were found not to transfer their resistance through conjugation experiment. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) experimentsusing primers specific to blaTEM , blaAmpC and blaCTX-M genes showed specific amplification with blaCTX-M primer for two ESBL isolates;blaTEM and blaCTX-M for the remaining ESBL isolate; and blaTEM and blaAmpC for the AmpC isolates and their corresponding transconjugants. Thestudy showed a high rate of isolates producing penicillinase, and low frequencies of AmpC and ESBL phenotypes. AmpC β-lactamases wereplasmid mediated, and ESBLs belong to the CTM-M type


Assuntos
Humanos , Escherichia coli , Resistência beta-Lactâmica , Infecções por Escherichia coli/microbiologia , Prevalência , Argélia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana
10.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 122(10): 372-374, mar. 2004.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-31561

RESUMO

Fundamento y objetivo: Determinar si existen diferencias en el estado de nutrición y de salud entre adolescentes inmigrantes ilegales de Marruecos y Argelia. Sujetos y método: Estudio retrospectivo transversal (1997-2003). Se evaluó a 120 adolescentes (86 marroquíes y 34 argelinos), todos varones, que ingresaron en centros de acogida de Zaragoza. El estado de nutrición se evaluó utilizando el método antropométrico. El estado de salud se evaluó de acuerdo con un protocolo médico y de laboratorio estándar. Resultados: La edad media (DE) de los marroquíes fue de 15,9 (1,2) años y la de los argelinos, de 15,6 (1,5) años. Los adolescentes marroquíes mostraron un peso (p = 0,027), perímetro braquial (p = 0,0005) y pliegue cutáneo subescapular (p = 0,023) significativamente inferiores y una incidencia significativamente mayor de déficit aislado de ferritina (p = 0,027; odds ratio = 7,54; intervalo de confianza del 95 por ciento, 0,96-59,32). Conclusiones: Los adolescentes inmigrantes ilegales procedentes de Marruecos presentaron un estado de nutrición y de los depósitos de hierro significativamente inferior que los procedentes de Argelia (AU)


Assuntos
Adolescente , Humanos , Masculino , Estado Nutricional , Nível de Saúde , Emigração e Imigração , Emigração e Imigração , Estudos Retrospectivos , Marrocos , Espanha , Argélia , Estudos Transversais , Argélia
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