A case study about the use of the prospective strategy in the scenarization of a pedagogical workshop / Un estudio de caso sobre el uso de la estrategia prospectiva en el escenario de un taller pedagógico

INTRODUCTION: Pedagogical workshop planning is challenging especially when we aim to promote a reflective practice of the tutees. This practice has been widely discussed in the literature without a real consensus. Some authors reported oral exercises or anecdotes, other described writings or even storytelling. The aim of the authors was to describe the different steps performed by the tutors and to assess the tutees' satisfaction. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a pilot study dealing with the use of the prospective strategy principles in order to plan a pedagogical workshop. Included participants were early academic teacher trainees. RESULTS: The authors illustrated how they planned a pedagogical workshop using the prospective strategy and highlighted the satisfaction of the tutees. CONCLUSION: Prospective strategy is mainly used in economic field in order to change the future of the companies by acting on different intervening factors. Associating prospective strategy to pedagogical principles hasn't been reported in the medical literature and seems to be available in order to induce reflective practice

INTRODUCCIÓN: La planificación del taller pedagógico es un desafío, especialmente cuando nuestro objetivo es promover una práctica reflexiva de los alumnos. Esta práctica ha sido ampliamente discutida en la literatura sin un consenso real. Algunos autores informaron ejercicios orales o anécdotas, otros escritos descritos o incluso narraciones. El objetivo de los autores fue describir los diferentes pasos realizados por los tutores y evaluar la satisfacción de los alumnos. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Este fue un estudio piloto que trató sobre el uso de los principios de la estrategia prospectiva para planificar un taller pedagógico. Los participantes incluidos fueron los primeros aprendices de docentes académicos. RESULTADOS: Los autores ilustraron cómo planearon un taller pedagógico utilizando la estrategia prospectiva y destacaron la satisfacción de los alumnos. CONCLUSIÓN: La estrategia prospectiva se utiliza principalmente en el campo económico para cambiar el futuro de las empresas actuando sobre diferentes factores intermedios. Asociar la estrategia prospectiva a los principios pedagógicos no se ha informado en la literatura médica y parece estar disponible para inducir la práctica reflexiva

Cultural differences in the appraisal of stress

We examined the form of the relationship between estimated stress level, on the one hand, and situation strain, personal resources and social support, on the other hand, among students from a collectivist culture (Tunisia), and compared these results with the ones already observed among students from an individualistic culture (France). Participants were presented with two or three pieces of information about strain and personal or social resources through the use of concrete scenarios, and were asked to infer a certain level of stress. Situational strain had less impact and social support had more impact on stress judgments among Tunisian than among French students. In addition, the information integration rule differed from one group to the other. Among Tunisian participants, stress level was conceived as a function of the perceived imbalance between strain and resources (personal and social). Among French participants, it was conceived as a function of the perceived imbalance between residual strain (original strain diminished, to some extent, through the implementation of personal resources), and social resources (AU)

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Un estudio epidemiológico y etiológico de micosis del pie en la República Tunecina / Epidemiological and Etiological Study of Foot Mycosis in Tunisia

Introducción: Tinea pedis y onicomicosis se encuentran entre las enfermedades micóticas más frecuentes del mundo. Recientemente, está creciendo el número de agentes micóticos implicados en estas enfermedades. Objetivo: Analizar la epidemiología de enfermedades micóticas del pie e identificar los factores etiológicos asociados en pacientes externos vistos en el Departamento de Dermatología del Hospital Charles Nicolle en Túnez, la República Tunecina. Pacientes y métodos: Se evaluaron ciento cuarenta y ocho pacientes para la presencia de enfermedades micóticas del pie durante el periodo de Enero a Abril 2009. La edad media fue de 41,5 años (rango: 2 a 87 años) y la relación sexo 0,8. A todos los pacientes se les realizó un examen dermatológico completo, cogiendo, así mismo, muestras de los pies en los pacientes con signos de tinea pedis o onicomicosis para el estudio microscópico y cultivo para hongos. Resultados: Se sospechó de una infección de los pies por hongos en 71 pacientes, y la diagnosis fue confirmada in 67 casos (45,3%), que fueron positivos por microscopia o por cultivo. Las edades mayores y antecedentes familiares de micosis fueron factores que predisponen a infección micótica del pie. La condición fue causada por dermatofitos en 57,1% de los casos y por las especies de Candida en 35,7%, siendo Trichophyton rubrum y Candida parapsilosis el dermatofito y la especie fúngica predominantes, respectivamente (AU)

Background: Tinea pedis and onychomycosis are among the commonest fungal diseases in the world. Recently, there has been an increase in the numbers of fungal agents implicated in these conditions. Objective: To analyze the epidemiology of fungal foot diseases and to identify associated etiological factors in outpatients attending the Department of Dermatology of Charles Nicolle Hospital in Tunis, Tunisia. Patients and Methods: One hundred and forty eight patients were assessed for the presence of fungal foot diseases during the period between January and April 2009. The mean age was 41.5 years (range: 2-87 years) and sex ratio was 0.8. A complete dermatological examination was performed on all subjects, and specimens of the feet were taken from patients presenting signs of tinea pedis or onychomycosis for microscopy and fungal culture. Results: Fungal foot infection was suspected in 71 subjects, and the diagnosis was confirmed in 67 cases (45.3%) by positive microscopy or culture. Older age and family history of mycosis were predisposing factors for foot fungal infection. The condition was caused by dermatophytes in 57.1% of cases and Candida species in 35.7%. Trichophyton rubrum and Candida parapsilosis were the predominant dermatophyte and yeast species, respectively (AU)

Identification of lactobacilli residing in chicken ceca with antagonism against Campylobacter

Bacteriocins produced by Lactobacillus salivarius have been recently recognized as a natural means to control Campylobacter and Salmonella in live poultry. This finding is of relevance since Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are the predominant species isolated from poultry that are associated with human campylobacteriosis. In the present work, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from the cecum of twenty Tunisian chickens were identified and those isolates with antagonism against Campylobacter were further characterized. Following their preliminary confirmation as LAB, 150 strains were identified by combining morphological criteria, biochemical tests, and molecular methods, the latter inluding intergenic 16S- 23S PCR, specific lactobacilli PCR, and a biphasic approach. Most of the LAB isolated belonged to the genus Lactobacillus, among them Lb. sakei (33.3%), Lb. salivarius (19.4%), Lb. reuteri (8.6%), and Lb. curvatus (8.6%). The other LAB strains included those of the genus Weissella (16.7%), Enterococcus faecalis (5.3%), Leuconostoc mesenteroides (2.7%), Lactococcus graviae (2.7%), and Streptococcus sp. (2.7%). The Lactobacilli strains were tested for their antagonism against C. jejuni and C. coli. The activity of three of them, Lb. salivarius SMXD51, Lb. salivarius MMS122, and Lb. salivarius MMS151, against the aforementioned target strains could be ascribed to the production of bacteriocins (AU)

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