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1.
Acta otorrinolaringol. esp ; 75(1): 17-22, ene.-feb. 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-229267

RESUMO

Background Acute mastoiditis (AM) is the most common complication of acute otitis media and primarily affects children under the age of two; current data on its prevalence in paediatric patients with cochlear implant (CI) are still scant. Proper management of AM in CI children is crucial in order to avoid the implications (financial and emotional) of an explant. Aim of this paper is to describe the cases of AM occurred among young patients with CI in follow up at our department, also in order to evaluate its prevalence, potential predisposing factors, clinical course and therapeutic strategies. Patients and methods Retrospective study. Medical records of all paediatric patients with CI, who had at least one year of follow-up, were searched aiming to identify those who developed AM, from January 1st 2002 to January 31st 2022. The following data were collected and analysed: demographic features, implant type and side, interval between CI surgery and AM, treatment, laboratory tests, clinical course, vaccination history, associated diseases. Results AM was developed by six (1.3%) of the 439 children with CI (541 implanted ears). In total, 9 episodes (2.05 %) were recorded, as three patients reported two consecutive infections. Average time interval between CI surgery, to the first or only AM diagnosis, was 13.8 months (range 3–30 months). Furthermore, 3/6 of patients had a history of recurrent acute otitis media; 2/6 an autism spectrum disorder, associated to a combined immune deficiency in one case. All patients were hospitalized and promptly treated by intravenous antibiotic therapy; 4/6 also underwent a mastoidectomy. CI was not explanted in any cases of this series. Conclusions Over a 20-year period, AM rate in CI children was 1.3%, which is consistent with the current literature rates of 1–4.7%. All cases were successfully treated, preserving the integrity of the device. ... (AU)


Introducción La mastoiditis aguda (MA) es la complicación más común de la otitis media aguda y afecta principalmente los niños menores de dos años; los datos actuales sobre su prevalencia en pacientes pediátricos con implante coclear (IC) son aún escasos. El manejo adecuado de la MA en los niños con IC es crucial para evitar las implicaciones (económicas y emocionales) de un explante. El objetivo de este articulo es describir los casos de MA ocurridos en pacientes jóvenes con IC en seguimiento en nuestro servicio, también para evaluar su prevalencia, posibles factores predisponentes, curso clínico y estrategias terapéuticas. Pacientes y métodos Estudio retrospectivo. Se realizaron búsquedas en las historias clínicas de todos los pacientes pediátricos con IC, que tenían al menos un año de seguimiento, con el objetivo de identificar a aquellos que desarrollaron la MA, desde el 1 de enero de 2002 hasta el 31 de enero de 2022. Se recopilaron y analizaron los siguientes datos: características demográficas, tipo de implante y lado, intervalo entre cirugia del IC y MA, tratamiento, exámenes de laboratorio, evolución clínica, antecedentes vacunales, enfermedades asociadas. Resultados La MA fue desarrollada por seis (1,3%) de los 439 niños con IC (541 oídos implantados). En total se registraron 9 episodios (2,05 %), ya que tres pacientes reportaron dos infecciones consecutivas. El intervalo de tiempo promedio entre la cirugía del IC y el primer o único diagnóstico de la MA fue de 13,8 meses (rango 3-30 meses). Además, 3/6 de los pacientes tenían antecedentes de otitis media aguda recurrente; 2/6 un trastorno del espectro autista, asociado a una inmunodeficiencia combinada en un caso. Todos los pacientes fueron hospitalizados y tratados de inmediato con terapia antibiótica intravenosa; 4/6 también se sometieron a una mastoidectomía. El IC no fue explantado en ningún caso de esta serie. Conclusiones ... (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Mastoidite/complicações , Mastoidite/diagnóstico , Mastoidite/terapia , Implantes Cocleares/efeitos adversos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Pediatria , Cirurgia Geral , Itália
2.
Rev. esp. cir. ortop. traumatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 68(1): 26-34, Ene-Feb, 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-229667

RESUMO

Introducción y objetivos: Los vástagos primarios con cuellos modulares fueron introducidos con la ventaja teórica de restaurar la anatomía de la cadera de forma más precisa. Sin embargo, la presencia de un segundo encaje se ha asociado a una mayor corrosión y liberación de detritos metálicos. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es cuantificar los valores séricos de cromo y de cobalto, y analizar su evolución temporal durante cinco años. Material y métodos: Se presenta una serie prospectiva de 61 pacientes intervenidos de artroplastia total de cadera primaria mediante la implantación del vástago HMAX-M® (Limacorporate, San Daniele, Italia) en los que se realizó una determinación sérica de cromo y cobalto a los seis meses, a los dos años y a los cinco años. Resultados: Nuestra serie presenta una elevación progresiva de los niveles de cromo, con una diferencia significativa entre los valores de cromo a los seis meses (0,35±0,18) y los cinco años (0,52±0,36), p=0,01. Respecto al cobalto, se observa una elevación estadísticamente significativa entre los seis meses y los dos años y una posterior estabilización hasta los cinco años, siendo la media de cobalto a los seis meses (1,17±0,8) significativamente menor que a los dos años (2,63±1,76) y a los cinco años (2,84±2,1), p=0,001. Conclusión: Se ha observado una elevación de los niveles séricos de cobalto en aquellos pacientes a los que se les implantó un vástago con cuello modular. Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio han limitado el uso de vástagos con cuello modular en nuestra práctica habitual.(AU)


Introduction and objectives: Modular neck primary stems were introduced with the theoretical advantage of restoring the hip anatomy more precisely. However, the presence of a second junction has been associated with increased corrosion and release of metal debris. The objective of our study is to quantify of chromium and cobalt serum values, and to analyze their temporal evolution during five years. Material and methods: We present a prospective series of 61 patients who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty by implantation of the HMAX-M® stem (Limacorporate, San Daniele, Italy). Serum chromium and cobalt determinations were performed at six months, two years and five years. Results: Our series shows a progressive elevation in chromium levels with a significant difference between chromium values at six months (0.35±0.18) and five years (0.52±0.36), P=.01. Regarding cobalt, a statistically significant elevation is observed between six months and two years and a subsequent stabilization of values between two and five years, with a cobalt mean at six months (1.17±0.8) significantly lower than at two (2.63±1.76) and five years (2.84±2.1), P=.001. Conclusion: Elevated serum cobalt levels have been observed in patients who underwent modular neck stem implantation. The results obtained in this study have limited the use of stems with a modular neck in our clinical practice.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Cromo/administração & dosagem , Cobalto/administração & dosagem , Artroplastia de Quadril , Quadril/cirurgia , Íons , Ferro/sangue , Estudos Prospectivos , Traumatologia , Ortopedia , Procedimentos Ortopédicos , Lesões do Quadril , Itália
3.
Rev. esp. cir. ortop. traumatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 68(1): T26-T34, Ene-Feb, 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-229668

RESUMO

Introducción y objetivos: Los vástagos primarios con cuellos modulares fueron introducidos con la ventaja teórica de restaurar la anatomía de la cadera de forma más precisa. Sin embargo, la presencia de un segundo encaje se ha asociado a una mayor corrosión y liberación de detritos metálicos. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es cuantificar los valores séricos de cromo y de cobalto, y analizar su evolución temporal durante cinco años. Material y métodos: Se presenta una serie prospectiva de 61 pacientes intervenidos de artroplastia total de cadera primaria mediante la implantación del vástago HMAX-M® (Limacorporate, San Daniele, Italia) en los que se realizó una determinación sérica de cromo y cobalto a los seis meses, a los dos años y a los cinco años. Resultados: Nuestra serie presenta una elevación progresiva de los niveles de cromo, con una diferencia significativa entre los valores de cromo a los seis meses (0,35±0,18) y los cinco años (0,52±0,36), p=0,01. Respecto al cobalto, se observa una elevación estadísticamente significativa entre los seis meses y los dos años y una posterior estabilización hasta los cinco años, siendo la media de cobalto a los seis meses (1,17±0,8) significativamente menor que a los dos años (2,63±1,76) y a los cinco años (2,84±2,1), p=0,001. Conclusión: Se ha observado una elevación de los niveles séricos de cobalto en aquellos pacientes a los que se les implantó un vástago con cuello modular. Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio han limitado el uso de vástagos con cuello modular en nuestra práctica habitual.(AU)


Introduction and objectives: Modular neck primary stems were introduced with the theoretical advantage of restoring the hip anatomy more precisely. However, the presence of a second junction has been associated with increased corrosion and release of metal debris. The objective of our study is to quantify of chromium and cobalt serum values, and to analyze their temporal evolution during five years. Material and methods: We present a prospective series of 61 patients who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty by implantation of the HMAX-M® stem (Limacorporate, San Daniele, Italy). Serum chromium and cobalt determinations were performed at six months, two years and five years. Results: Our series shows a progressive elevation in chromium levels with a significant difference between chromium values at six months (0.35±0.18) and five years (0.52±0.36), P=.01. Regarding cobalt, a statistically significant elevation is observed between six months and two years and a subsequent stabilization of values between two and five years, with a cobalt mean at six months (1.17±0.8) significantly lower than at two (2.63±1.76) and five years (2.84±2.1), P=.001. Conclusion: Elevated serum cobalt levels have been observed in patients who underwent modular neck stem implantation. The results obtained in this study have limited the use of stems with a modular neck in our clinical practice.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Cromo/administração & dosagem , Cobalto/administração & dosagem , Artroplastia de Quadril , Quadril/cirurgia , Íons , Ferro/sangue , Estudos Prospectivos , Traumatologia , Ortopedia , Procedimentos Ortopédicos , Lesões do Quadril , Itália
4.
Eur. j. psychol. appl. legal context (Internet) ; 16(1): 17-25, Jan. 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-230852

RESUMO

Background: The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between humanization, adaptability to change, and mental health in European teachers (Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian teachers), as well as the relationship between humanization and mental health in teachers through the analysis of the mediating role of adaptability to change. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with teachers from three European countries (Spain, n = 263; Portugal, n = 344; and Italy, n = 287). The Healthcare Professional Humanization Scale (HUMAS), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), and the Adaptation to Change Questionnaire (ADAPTA-10) were administered. Results: In all three countries, negative associations were observed between humanization and the presence of problematic symptoms. With respect to the adaptability to change factors, humanization showed negative associations with the emotional factor and positive associations with the cognitive-behavioral factor. Comparative mean analysis revealed differences in humanization, the emotional factor of adaptability to change, and the presence of problematic symptoms. Finally, the mediation models showed the absence of a direct effect in the relationship between humanization and the presence of GHQ-28 symptomatology when it was mediated by the emotional factor (Spanish and Portuguese sample). In the Italian sample, the direct effect of humanization-GHQ-28 symptomatology was significant, with a smaller proportion of the indirect effect of the emotional factor acting as a mediator. On the other hand, when considering the cognitive-behavioral factor as a mediator, the same result was obtained for all three countries: a negative direct effect between humanization and GHQ-28 symptomatology, with no mediation by the cognitive-behavioral factor. Conclusions: The need to improve training in humanization competencies lies in the potential protective function that these competencies can have ... (AU)


Antecedentes: El objetivo del trabajo fue explorar la relación entre humanización, capacidad de adaptación al cambio y salud mental en docentes europeos (españoles, portugueses e italianos) y la relación entre humanización y salud mental en docentes mediante el análisis del rol mediador de la capacidad de adaptación al cambio. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal con docentes de tres países europeos (España, n = 263, Portugal, n = 344 e Italia, n = 287). Se administró la Healthcare Professional Humanization Scale (HUMAS), el General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) y el Cuestionario de Adaptación al Cambio (ADAPTA-10). Resultados: En los tres países se obervó una asociación negativa entre humanización y la presencia de sintomatología problemática. Con los factores de adaptación al cambio la humanización presentó una asociación negativa con el factor emocional y positiva con el cognitivo-conductual. Del análisis comparativo de medias se obtuvieron diferencias en humanización, el factor emocional de adaptación al cambio y la presencia de sintomatología problemática. Finalmente, los modelos de mediación mostraron la ausencia de un efecto directo en la relación entre humanización y la presencia de sintomatología GHQ-28 cuando esta se encontraba mediada por el factor emocional (muestra española y portuguesa). En la muestra italiana fue significativo el efecto directo de la humanización-sintomatología GHQ-28, con menor proporción del efecto indirecto del factor emocional actuando este como mediador. Por otro lado, tomando como mediador el factor cognitivo-conductual, se obtuvo el mismo resultado para los tres países: un efecto directo negativo entre la humanización y la sintomatología GHQ-28, no estando este mediado por el factor cognitivo-conductual. Conclusiones: La necesidad de mejorar la formación en competencias de humanización reside en la potencial función protectora que pueden ejercer sobre la salud mental de los docentes. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Ajustamento Social , Adaptação Psicológica , Resiliência Psicológica , Saúde Mental , Docentes , Humanização da Assistência , Estudos Transversais , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Inquéritos e Questionários , Espanha , Itália , Portugal
5.
Int. j. clin. health psychol. (Internet) ; 23(4)oct.-dic. 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-226383

RESUMO

Nonconsensual distribution of intimate images (NCII), also known as revenge porn, has become a significant social issue in recent years, with severe consequences for victims. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and predictors of NCII victimization among young Italian adults, focusing on the role of sexting, intimate partner violence (IPV), impulsivity, and self-disclosure. An online survey was conducted among a sample of 2047 Italian young adults (F = 29.3 %, M = 53.4 %, Not Indicated=16.9 %; mean age = 24.4, SD = 4.4) using a convenience sample recruited through internet. The survey included questions on NCII victimization, sexting behavior, sextortion, and IPV. Our findings showed that 33.9 % of respondents reported engaging in sexting behavior, with females being three times more likely to engage in sexting than males. Furthermore, 3.3 % of participants reported being victims of NCII, with over one-third of victims experiencing three or more types of NCII victimization. Multiple regression analysis revealed that sexting and IPV were significant predictors of NCII victimization, and the interaction effect between self-disclosure and impulsivity was also a significant predictor. This study contributes to the understanding of NCII in Italy and highlights the need for interventions and prevention strategies to address both NCII and IPV, given their strong continuity. The results also suggest that the relationship between self-disclosure, impulsivity, IPV, and NCII victimization is complex and requires further investigation, suggesting a scenario where the climate of violence may impair the victim's decision-making. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Delitos Sexuais , Violência por Parceiro Íntimo/prevenção & controle , Vítimas de Crime , Comportamento Sexual , Fatores de Risco , Itália , Inquéritos e Questionários
6.
Cult. cuid ; 27(67): 242-261, Dic 11, 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-228584

RESUMO

This article discusses the experience of disability in ancient Rome through the letters Ep. 1.12 and Ep. 8.18 of Pliny the Younger (1st-2nd centuries CE). The main characters of these letters, Corellius Rufus and Domitius Tullus, were two senators with reduced mobility and assisted in their daily tasks by relatives and enslaved people. Based on the methodology provided by Disability Studies, we analyse the agency of the subjects of study as disabled people, as well as the role that assistance played in their lives and how their environment conditioned their life decisions. Finally, we address Pliny the Younger's personal perspective and the bias this may entail when interpreting the meaning of the letters.(AU)


Este artículo aborda la experiencia de la discapacidad en la antigua Roma a través de las cartas Ep. 1.12 y Ep. 8.18 de Plinio el Joven (ss. I-II n.e.). Los protagonistas de estas misivas, Corelio Rufo y Domicio Tulo, fueron dos senadores con movilidad limitada y asistidos en las tareas cotidianas por familiares y personas esclavizadas. Partiendo de la metodología proporcionada por los Estudios de Discapacidad, analizamos la agencia de los sujetos de estudio en cuanto que personas discapacitadas, así como el papel que la asistencia jugó en sus vidas y cómo su entorno condicionó sus decisiones vitales. Finalmente, abordamos la perspectiva personal de Plinio el Joven y el sesgo que ésta puede suponer a la hora de interpretar el significado de las cartas.(AU)


Este artigo aborda a experiência da deficiência na Roma antiga através das cartas Ep. 1.12 e Ep. 8.18 de Plínio o Jovem (1ª-2ª c. n.e.). Os protagonistas destas cartas, Corélio Rufo e Domício Tulo, foram dois senadores com mobilidade limitada e assistidos em tarefas diárias por familiares e pessoas escravizadas. Com base na metodologia fornecida pelos Estudos sobre Deficiência, analisamos a agência dos sujeitos de estudo como pessoas com deficiência, bem como o papel que a assistência desempenhou nas suas vidas e como o seu ambiente condicionou as suas decisões de vida. Finalmente, abordamos a perspectiva pessoal de Plínio o Jovem e o preconceito que isto pode implicar ao interpretar o significado das letras.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , História da Enfermagem , Cuidados de Enfermagem , Pessoas com Deficiência , Limitação da Mobilidade , Itália , Enfermagem
7.
Enferm. infecc. microbiol. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 41(9): 559-562, Nov. 2023. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-227271

RESUMO

Objectives: To evaluate if a specific pediatric defined daily dose (PeDDD) can be replaced with the defined daily dose (DDD) indicated by World Health Organization (WHO). Methods: The 50th percentile of body weight for age of children admitted from 2016 to 2020 at Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy, was used to calculate PeDDD for vancomycin at 40mg/kg and meropenem at 60mg/kg. Data obtained were then used to calculate the PeDDD number based on the amount of drugs delivered quarterly from 2012 to 2016. Subsequently the DDD number was calculated for vancomycin at 2g and meropenem at 3g. With these results two curves were generated which were then compared for parallelism and area under the curve (AUC). Results: PeDDD was found to be 2.6 times DDD for both drugs, but both curves obtained were parallel and the AUCs were identical.Conclusions: DDD according to WHO definition could be adopted in pediatrics to measure antibiotic consumption and therefore no specific PeDDD could be needed.(AU)


Objetivos: Evaluar si una dosis diaria definida pediátrica específica (PeDDD) puede ser reemplazada por la dosis diaria definida (DDD) indicada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Métodos: El 50 percentil del peso por la edad media de los niños admitidos desde 2016 hasta 2020 al Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Génova, Italia, fue utilizado para calcular el PeDDD con vancomina a 40mg/kg y meropenem a 60mg/kg. Luego los datos obtenidos fueron utilizados para calcular el número de PeDDD basado en la cantidad de medicamentos entregados trimestralmente desde 2012 hasta 2016. Posteriormente, el número de DDD fue calculado con vancomicina a 2g y meropenem a 3g. Con los resultados, se generaron 2 curvas que fueron comparadas con paralelismo y área bajo la curva (AUC). Resultados: PeDDD resultó ser 2,6 veces DDD por ambos medicamentos, pero ambas curvas obtenidas eran paralelas y las AUC eran idénticas. Conclusiones: DDD, según la definición de la OMS, podría adoptarse en Pediatría para medir el consumo de antibióticos y, por lo tanto, no podría ser necesario un PeDDD específico.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Pediatria , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Itália , Dose Única , Dosagem
9.
Rev. med. cine ; 19(3): 249-253, sep. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-225629

RESUMO

El manuscrito hace una revisión sobre la historia de la Academia de Los Linceanos creada a principios de siglo XVII con todas las vicisitudes que rodearon una existencia la cual ya supera los 500 años. Como una muestra cabal de sus claroscuros se efectúa un repaso de las peripecias atravesadas en los años del fascismo, la política antisemita que la atravesó y la posterior reconstitución concluida la guerra. Vayan pues para ella, los deseos de una travesía en plena armonía y no más sobresaltos. (AU)


The manuscript reviews the history of the Academy of the Linceans created at the beginning of the 17th century with all its ups and downs surrounding an existence that already exceeds 500 years. As a clear example of such chiaroscuro, an account of the threats experienced during the fascist period together with its piercing anti-Semitic policy, and the subsequent reconstitution after the war, is also made. Long live then to the Academy, and our very best wishes for a consonant future devoid of upsetting facts. (AU)


Assuntos
História do Século XVI , História do Século XVII , História do Século XX , Fascismo , Academias e Institutos/história , Universidades , Disciplinas das Ciências Naturais , Itália
10.
Pharm. pract. (Granada, Internet) ; 21(3): 1-16, jul.-sep. 2023. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-226180

RESUMO

Objective: COPD is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The health and economic burden of COPD may in part be reduced by early disease case finding and a correct therapy. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of a community pharmacy programme for COPD case finding among previously undiagnosed subjects and for monitoring and enhancing adherence to prescribed pharmacological therapies among patients with confirmed COPD. Methods: The intervention was conducted in hundred community pharmacies in Piedmont (northwest Italy) and developed in two different arms: a case finding one through the administration of a specific questionnaire and the spirometry measurement and the adherence one through the administration of a questionnaire exploring the impact of the disease and the therapy adherence. Persons considered at risk to develop the COPD disease or non-controlled patients were referred to the GP or were invited to return in the pharmacy for a follow-up interview. Results: Overall, 844 subjects, out of 934 enrolled, completed the baseline interview. 103 subjects (25.7% of the 401 enrolled in the case finding arm) were considered at risk of suffering from COPD. Lower educated subjects and those without social support were more frequently at very high risk. Five returned to the pharmacy with a confirmed medical diagnosis. Among the 443 patients interviewed we found non-adherence value (depending on the drug) varying from 31% to 46%. A significant protection from non-adherence to bronchodilators was found among patients with comorbidities and among people living alone. Conclusions: We showed that opportunistic screening for COPD is feasible in community pharmacies. Concerning adherence to therapy in pharmacies, it would be necessary to identify different methods of enrolment in order to involve only those patients who are less adherent or who have difficulties in the management of therapy and chronic pathology. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/diagnóstico , Farmácias , Itália , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Inquéritos e Questionários , Programas de Rastreamento , 34628 , Cooperação e Adesão ao Tratamento
11.
An. R. Acad. Nac. Farm. (Internet) ; 89(3): 297-305, Juli-Sep. 2023. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-226787

RESUMO

This study presents selected unpublished documents that concern the completion of the pharmacy degree programme and its corresponding qualifying exam, in accordance with the reforms of the Napoleonic Italian Republic (1802-1805) and the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy (1805-1814). The Law on Public Education of 4 September 1802 and the Study and Discipline Plans for National Universities of 1803 stated that pharmacists had to study for three years at one of the national universities in order to obtain an academic degree. These reforms also declared that, after graduating, a further exam was required before pharmacists could freely exercise their profession.The first remarkable document is the one containing the oath taken by pharmacy students upon obtaining their academic degree. The oath is very detailed and accurately describes the expectations that the new Italian Government placed on pharmacists, as well as all the duties that they had to fulfil.Among the documents of the Ufficio Centrale Medico, Chirurgico, Farmaceutico (Central Medical, Surgical and Pharmaceutical Office) – the body that at the time was responsible for qualifying health professionals – there are the Office regulations, with all the rules concerning the pharmacists’ qualifying exam and their proclamation. There is also the oath formula that pharmacists read aloud at the end of their final exam. This oath was more concise than the oath taken at the end of university studies and, in this case, it was the same as the one taken by physicians and surgeons. What is also remarkable in these documents is the special qualification that was granted to those most deserving pharmacists who passed the exam with excellent marks: the possibility of producing and selling large quantities of chemical-pharmaceutical compounds to other pharmacists.(AU)


Este estudio presenta una selección de documentos inéditos relativos a la obtención del grado académico de farmacia y su correspondiente examen de habilitación, de acuerdo con las reformas de la República Italiana Napoleónica (1802-1805) y del Reino Napoleónico de Italia (1805-1814). La Ley de Instrucción Pública de 4 de septiembre de 1802 y los Planes de Estudio y Disciplina de las Universidades Nacionales de 1803 establecían que los farmacéuticos debían estudiar tres años en una de las universidades nacionales para obtener un título académico. Estas reformas también declaraban que, después de graduarse, se requería otro examen antes de que los farmacéuticos pudieran ejercer libremente su profesión.El primer documento destacable es el que contiene el juramento prestado por los estudiantes de farmacia al obtener su título académico. El juramento es muy detallado y describe con precisión las expectativas que el nuevo Gobierno italiano depositaba en los farmacéuticos, así como todas las obligaciones que debían cumplir.Entre los documentos del Ufficio Centrale Medico, Chirurgico, Farmaceutico (Oficina Central Médica, Quirúrgica y Farmacéutica), organismo que en aquella época se encargaba de habilitar a los profesionales sanitarios, se encuentra el reglamento del Ufficio, con todas las normas relativas al examen de habilitación de los farmacéuticos y su proclamación. También está la fórmula del juramento que los farmacéuticos leen al final de su examen final. Este juramento era más conciso que el que se prestaba al final de los estudios universitarios y, en este caso, era el mismo que el de los médicos y cirujanos. Lo que también llama la atención en estos documentos es la cualificación especial que se concedía a los farmacéuticos más meritorios que aprobaban el examen con excelentes notas: la posibilidad de producir y vender grandes cantidades de compuestos químico-farmacéuticos a otros farmacéuticos.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Credenciamento , Licença de Funcionamento , Licenciamento em Farmácia , Educação em Farmácia , História da Farmácia , Farmácia , Códigos Civis , Farmacêuticos , História do Século XIX , Itália
12.
Rev. psicol. trab. organ. (1999) ; 39(2): 55-64, Agos. 2023. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-224067

RESUMO

Heavy Work Investment (HWI) is a construct that comprises both workaholism and work engagement. We tested a path analysis model on 364 Italian workers, with servant leadership as a predictor of HWI and HWI as a predictor of Organizational Citizenship Behaviors (OCB) and Counterproductive Work Behaviors (CWB). We also performed ANOVAs and MANOVAs. Among the main findings, servant leadership is a positive predictor of both workaholism and work engagement. Work engagement is a positive predictor of OCB and a negative predictor of CWB. Conversely, workaholism, is a positive predictor of CWB, but it does not predict OCB. Hence, we encourage implementing soft-skills interventions aimed at making leaders aware of the different worker types in their organization to develop tailored measures to foster work engagement rather than workaholism. Also, we recommend controlling for work engagement when analyzing workaholism, given the different findings that arose when controlling or not controlling for work engagement.(AU)


La inversión en trabajo pesado (ITP) es un constructo que abarca la adicción al trabajo y la implicación en el mismo. Pusimos a prueba un modelo de análisis de trayectorias con 364 trabajadores italianos utilizando el liderazgo de servicio como predictor de la ITP y esta como predictora a su vez de comportamientos de ciudadanía organizativa (CCO) y de comportamientos contraproductivos en el trabajo (CCT). Llevamos a cabo también ANOVA y MANOVA. Entre los resultados obtenidos está que el liderazgo de servicio predice positivamente el CCO y negativamente la implicación en el trabajo. Por el contrario, la adicción al trabajo predice positivamente el CCT pero no el CCO. De este modo proponemos llevar a cabo intervenciones en destrezas “blandas”, que hagan conscientes a los líderes de los diferentes tipos de trabajadores en su empresa para desarrollar medidas adaptadas, que potencien la implicación en el trabajo antes que la adicción al mismo. También recomendamos que se controle la implicación en el trabajo al estudiar la adicción al mismo, siendo el resultado diferente si ese control se produce o no.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Tolerância ao Trabalho Programado/psicologia , Carga de Trabalho/psicologia , Esgotamento Profissional , Organizações , Engajamento no Trabalho , Itália , Saúde Ocupacional , 16360 , Psicologia , Psicologia Social
13.
Rev. psicol. trab. organ. (1999) ; 39(2): 65-74, Agos. 2023. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-224068

RESUMO

This study examines the relationship between employees’ social tie diversity (ties heterogeneity based on organizational functions), innovative work behavior, informal field-based learning, and reciprocity (bidirectional ties proportion). A sample of 182 workers from an Italian clothing manufacturing company was analyzed. The findings reveal that social tie diversity positively influences innovative work behavior, and their relationship is mediated by informal field-based learning. Additionally, reciprocity strengthens the indirect link between social tie diversity and innovative work behavior. This research contributes to the network and innovation literature by corroborating the role of social tie diversity in promoting innovative work behaviors, highlighting the importance of informal field-based learning, and emphasizing the impact of reciprocity. By doing so, this study offers insights into processes and conditions under which social tie diversity has the greatest impact on employee innovation, providing practical implications for fostering innovative work behaviors in organizations.(AU)


El estudio analiza la relación entre la variedad de vínculos sociales de los empleados (heterogeneidad de los vínculos cimentada en las funciones en la empresa), el comportamiento innovador en el trabajo, el aprendizaje informal de campo y la reciprocidad (proporción de vínculos bidireccionales). Se utilizó una muestra de 182 trabajadores de una empresa textil italiana. Se observó que la diversidad de vínculos sociales influye positivamente en el comportamiento innovador en el trabajo y que esta relación está mediada por el aprendizaje informal de campo. Además la reciprocidad fortalece la relación indirecta entre la diversidad de vínculos sociales y el comportamiento innovador en el trabajo. El estudio es una contribución a las publicaciones sobre redes e innovación al corroborar el papel que juega la diversidad de vínculos sociales en el impulso al comportamiento innovador en el trabajo, destacando la importancia del aprendizaje informal de campo y la influencia de la reciprocidad. De este modo el estudio aporta ideas sobre los procesos y condiciones en las que la diversidad de vínculos sociales tiene mayor repercusión en la innovación de los empleados, con implicaciones prácticas para impulsar el comportamiento innovador en el trabajo en las empresas.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Apego ao Objeto , Relações Raciais , Relações Trabalhistas , 16360 , Cultura Organizacional , Psicologia , Psicologia Social , Itália , Aprendizagem
14.
Rev. derecho genoma hum ; (58): 45-83, Ene.-jun. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-231270

RESUMO

Los avances en el ámbito de la medicina reproductiva han situado en un lugar destacado una nueva entidad: el embrión humano. La reconstrucción de su identidad jurídica reviste una importancia primordial en aras de encontrar soluciones a una de las cuestiones más sensibles que actualmente impulsan el debate en el contexto italiano, a saber, el destino de los embriones supernumerarios. La presente contribución realiza una sucinta revisión de las aportaciones efectuadas por la doctrina y la jurisprudencia tanto a nivel nacional como europeo en relación con este asunto, para posteriormente ahondar en algunas propuestas de carácter práctico, analizando sus potencialidades y aspectos críticos. (AU)


The advances in the field of reproductive medicine have placed a new entity at the forefront: the human embryo. The reconstruction of its legal identity assumes paramount importance in the pursuit of finding solutions to one of the most sensitive issues currently driving the debate in the Italian context, namely, the fate of supernumerary embryos. This contribution provides a concise review of the contributions made by doctrine and jurisprudence, both at the national and European levels, concerning this matter. Subsequently, it delves into some practical proposals, analyzing their potentialities and critical aspects. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Pesquisas com Embriões/ética , Pesquisas com Embriões/legislação & jurisprudência , Legislação como Assunto , Itália , Europa (Continente)
15.
Asclepio ; 75(1): e10, Jun 30, 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-222243

RESUMO

El artículo se propone analizar la fundación del primer Instituto agrario del Ecuador mediante una reconstitución del itinerario de su director, el médico siciliano José Indelicato, que permitirá esclarecer el doble contexto en que se creó el establecimiento: la difusión del socialismo utópico, que marcó el recorrido de Indelicato, y el auge de la agronomía como ciencia específica, que llevó a la creación de las primeras escuelas de agricultura en Europa y América a principios del siglo XIX.(AU)


This article aims to analyze the creation of the first Ecuadorian Agrarian Institute by reconstructing the travels of its director, the Sicilian doctor José Indelicato, between Europe and America, which will allow us to clarify the context of the Institute’s creation: the spread of utopian socialism, that influenced Indelicato’s trajectory, and the emergence of agronomy as a separate science that led to the creation of the first schools of agriculture in Europe and the Americas at the beginning of the 19th century.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Socialismo/tendências , História do Século XX , Agricultura/história , Agricultura/educação , 24927 , Equador , Itália
16.
Cuad. psicol. deporte ; 23(2): 146-155, abril 2023. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-219719

RESUMO

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar las variables de rendimiento del hockey patines en los campeonatos nacionales de la máxima categoría masculina en España (OK Liga), Portugal (Primeira Divisao) e Italia (Serie A1). Se analizaron un total de 1.665 partidos disputados entre las temporadas 2018-2019 y 2020-2021, correspondientes a la OK Liga (654), Primeira Divisao (497) y la Serie A1 (514). Se realizaron comparaciones utilizando el análisis de varianza (ANOVA) con post hoc de Bonferroni y la prueba t-Student para comparar las variables según la localización del partido. Los resultados muestran que en España se marcan menos goles por partido, que en Italia se marcan más goles por partido y que en Portugal hay más ejecuciones y goles de penalti y de falta directa, mayor cantidad de faltas y de tarjetas y un mayor porcentaje de goles de pelota parada respecto a los goles totales. En los tres campeonatos las variables de rendimiento asociadas a la victoria fueron favorables a los equipos locales. La comparación de los campeonatos puede permitir a los entrenadores tener un mejor conocimiento de las variables de rendimiento de cada competición y ayudar a las federaciones a conocer que competiciones están mejor asociadas con las variables determinantes del espectáculo deportivo, especialmente los goles, para diseñar propuestas de mejoras en los campeonatos pertinentes. (AU)


The present study aimed to compare the rink hockey performance variables in the top national championships of Spain (OK Liga), Portugal (Primeira Divisao), and Italy (Serie A1). A sample of 1,665 matches corresponding to the OK Liga (654), Primeira Divisao (497), and Serie A1 (514) played between the 2018-2019 and 2020-2021 seasons was analyzed. Comparisons were made using an analysis of the variance (ANOVA) followed by Bonferroni's post hoc multiple comparison test. Additionally, the t-Student test was used to compare each variable according to match location. The results show that in Spain, teams score fewer goals per match and inItaly more goals per match. In Portugal, we observe more set-piece shots, more goals, a higher percentage of goals coming from set-pieces compared to total goals, more fouls, and cards shown. Moreover, the performance variables associated with victory were favourable to the local teams in all three championships. Championship comparison enables coaches to understand better specific and contextual performance variables. Our research could also help governing bodies and federations know what competitions arebetter associated with several key performance indicators and design proposals to improve each championship. (AU)


O presente estudo teve como objetivo comparar as variáveis de rendimento do hóquei em patins nos campeonatos nacionais do escalão masculino mais alto em Espanha (OK Liga), Portugal (Primeira Divisão) e Itália (Série A1). Foram analisados 1.665 jogos disputados entre as épocas 2018-2019 e 2020-2021, correspondendo à OK Liga (654), Primeira Divisão (497) e Série A1 (514). As comparações foram feitas usando a análise de variância post hoc de Bonferroni (ANOVA) e o teste t de Student para comparar as variáveis de acordo com a localização do jogo. Os resultados mostram que em Espanha marcam-se menos golos por jogo e em Italia mais golos per jogo. Em Portugal há mais execuções e golos de grandes penalidades e livres diretos, mais faltas e cartões e uma maior percentagem de golos de bola parada em relação ao total de golos. Nos três campeonatos as variáveis de rendimento associadas à vitória foram favoráveis às equipas locais. A comparação dos campeonatos pode permitir que os treinadores tenham um melhor conhecimento das variáveis de rendimento de cada competição e ajudar as federações a saber quais competições estão mais associadas às variáveis determinantes do espetáculo desportivo, em especial os golos, para traçar propostas de melhora nos aspectos relevantes dos campeonatos. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Hóquei , Desempenho Atlético , Estudos Transversais , Espanha , Portugal , Itália , Análise de Variância
17.
Clin. transl. oncol. (Print) ; 25(2): 408-416, feb. 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-215940

RESUMO

Aim This survey derived from the collaboration between the Palliative Care and Reirradiation Study Groups of the Italian Association of Radiotherapy and Clinical Oncology (AIRO). Its aim was to obtain a real “snapshot” on the treatments of spinal metastases, focusing on reirradiation, among radiation oncologists in Italy. Methods The survey was elaborated on SurveyMonkey’s online interface and was sent via e-mail to all Radiation Oncologists of AIRO that were invited to anonymously fill in the electronic form within 60 days. The questionnaire was prepared by the AIRO “Palliative care” and “Reirradiation” Study Groups and it consisted of 36 questions, 19 single-choice questions, 10 multiple-choice questions and 6 open questions. The data were analyzed and represented with tables and graphs. Results The survey shows that palliative radiotherapy remains a field of interest for most ROs in the Italian centers. 3D Conventional Radiation Therapy (3DCRT) alone or in combination with other techniques is the primary choice for patients with a life expectancy of less than 6 months. For patients with a life expectancy of more than six months, there is an increased use of new technologies, such as Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT). Factors considered for retreatment are time between first and second treatment, dose delivered to spine metastasis and spinal cord in the first treatment, vertebral stability, symptoms, and/or performance status. The most feared complication are myelopathy followed by vertebral fracture and local recurrence. This explain an increasing focus on patient selection and the use of high technology in the treatment of metastatic patients. Conclusion Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and image-guided radiotherapy allow the administration of ablative RT doses while sparing the constraints of healthy tissue in spinal metastases. However, there is still an unclear and heterogeneous reality in the reirradiation of spinal metastases (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Neoplasias da Coluna Vertebral/radioterapia , Neoplasias da Coluna Vertebral/secundário , Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde , Reirradiação/métodos , Sociedades Médicas , Itália
18.
Pap. psicol ; 44(1): 36-44, Ene. 2023. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-216051

RESUMO

La terapia breve estratégica modelo evolucionado de Giorgio Nardone, está considerada en la actualidad como una psicoterapia que evidencia una alta eficacia y eficiencia, en una variedad de trastornos emocionales. En este artículo se presenta la historia y los fundamentos epistemológicos de la terapia breve estratégica, fundamentadas en el pensamiento sistémico, la cibernética, la teoría general de los sistemas y el constructivismo. Se analiza la evolución y desarrollo histórico desde el Mental Research Institute en Palo Alto hasta la creación del Centro en Arezzo Italia. Se presentan las bases teóricas de la terapia breve estratégica centrada en el presente y en las soluciones, partiendo de la premisa de que los intentos de solución mantienen el problema y planteando que desde la lógica estratégica siempre la solución se adapta al problema y a su objeto de estudio.(AU)


Giorgio Nardone's evolved model of brief strategic therapy is a psychotherapy that is currently considered to demonstrate high efficacy and efficiency for a variety of emotional disorders. This article presents the history and epistemological foundations of brief strategic therapy, based on systems thinking, cybernetics, general systems theory, and constructivism. The evolution and historical development are analyzed, from the Mental Research Institute in Palo Alto to the creation of the Strategic Therapy Center in Arezzo Italy. The theoretical foundations of brief strategic therapy focused on the present and solutions are presented, starting from the premise that attempts at solution actually maintain the problem and proposing that based on strategic logic the solution always adapts to the problem and its object of study.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Técnicas Psicológicas , Saúde Mental , Psicoterapia Breve/história , Psicoterapia Breve/métodos , Conhecimento , Psicoterapia/métodos , Psicoterapia/tendências , Psicologia , Itália
19.
Psicol. educ. (Madr.) ; 29(1): 109-120, Ene. 2023. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-215017

RESUMO

The Studyholism Inventory (SI-10) allows evaluating two types of Heavy Study Investment (Studyholism – or obsession toward study – and Study Engagement), and four kinds of student (engaged studyholics, disengaged studyholics, engaged students, detached students). We analyzed its psychometric properties in Italian pre-adolescents (n = 451) and adolescents (n = 446) and proposed its cut-off scores. Moreover, we investigated some demographic and study-related differences in studyholism and study engagement. The results supported the use of the SI-10 in pre-adolescents and adolescents. The fit indices are similar in the two samples (for adolescents, GFI = .98, RMSEA = .059). Moreover, we found a high prevalence of studyholism, especially in pre-adolescence (18.6%), and a decrease in study engagement in both genders from pre-adolescence to adolescence. In conclusion, the SI-10 might be used from pre-adolescence for research, preventive, and clinical purposes. Also, demographic-related results supported the definition of studyholism as an obsessive-compulsive related disorder.(AU)


El Inventario de Obsesión con el Estudio (SI-10) permite evaluar dos tipos de fuerte inversión en el estudio (obsesión con el estudio e implicación en el estudio), y cuatro tipos de estudiantes (obsesionados con el estudio implicados, obsesionados con el estudio desconectados, estudiantes implicados, estudiantes desinteresados). Analizamos sus propiedades psicométricas en preadolescentes italianos (n = 451) y adolescentes (n = 446) y propusimos sus puntuaciones de corte. Además, investigamos algunas diferencias demográficas relacionadas con el estudio en la obsesión y la implicación con el estudio. Los resultados avalan el uso del SI-10 en preadolescentes y adolescentes. Los índices de ajuste son similares en las dos muestras (para adolescentes, GFI = .98; RMSEA = .059). Asimismo, encontramos una gran prevalencia de la obsesión con el estudio, especialmente en la preadolescencia (18.6%) y una disminución en la implicación con el estudio en ambos sexos desde la preadolescencia hasta la adolescencia. En conclusión, el SI-10 podría usarse desde la preadolescencia con fines de investigación, preventivos y clínicos. Además, los resultados relacionados con la demografía confirman la definición de obsesión con el estudio como un trastorno relacionado con la obsesión-compulsión.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Psicometria , Comportamento Obsessivo , Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo , Estudantes , Itália
20.
Int. j. clin. health psychol. (Internet) ; 23(1): 1-8, ene.-abr. 2023. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-213096

RESUMO

Background/objective: The aim of the current cross-sectional study is to assess the relations between emotion dysregulation, psychological distress, emotional eating, and BMI in a sample of Italian young adults (20-35).Methods: A total sample of 600 participants frm the general population, were asked to fill in demographical and physical data, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale, and the Emotional Eating subscale of the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire via an online anonymous survey. Relations between variables have been inspected using a path model. Results: Results showed that emotion dysregulation was a contributor to higher levels of psychological distress [b= 0.348; SE: 0.020; p=<0.001; 95% BC-CI (0.306–0.387)] and emotional eating [b= 0.010; SE: 0.002; p=<0.001; 95% BC-CI (0.006–0.014)] which in turn, was related to higher Body Mass Index [b= 0.0574; SE: 0.145; p=<0.001; 95% BC-CI (0.286–0.863)]. Conclusions: By providing additional evidence concerning the role of emotion dysregulation for physical and psychological outcomes, the current study could inform for improving psychological interventions aimed to promote emotion regulation strategies aimed at fostering physical and psychological well-being. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Emoções , Estresse Psicológico , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Itália , Higiene do Sono , Índice de Massa Corporal , Obesidade/reabilitação
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