Apocrine gland adenocarcinoma in a persian cat remission with homeopathic treatment: case report

Apocrine gland carcinomas are rare malignant neoplasms that occur in cats. Available treatment is surgical, would lead to total ablation of the external acoustic meatus and usually recurrent [1,2].Methodology:In December 2020, a homeopathic consultation of the feline, male, Persian, 13 years old, a history of the disease was reported, which started in 2015, adding up to six recurrences of tumor processes in the eyelids and recent formation in the left ear canal.The result of the histopathological examination confirmed apocrine adenocarcinoma.Prior to homeopathic treatment, tumors recurred despite surgical interventions and prophylactic treatment with trichloracetic acid.However, remaining formations were noted in the eyelids and ear canal. It has a rounded blackened shape in the upper right eyelid measuring 0.4 cm and the lower 0.2 cm, round. In the left ear canal, around 1.6 cm, in addition to 4 points scattered in the ear folds. Homeopathic treatment was started for two months with Arsenicum album30 cH, twice a day; Carcinosinum 200 cH, once a day, and complex containing Avena sativa4 cH, Echinacea angustifolia4 cH, Conium maculatum6 cH, Thuja officinalis6 cH and Silicea terra6 cH, four times a day. Every two months, the clinical picturewas reassessed, potenciesand frequencies readjusted.In a few months,there was complete remission of the tumor, recovery of welfare, and improvement in mood and appetite. The free and informed consent term was signed. There was no recurrence of tumors until May2022. Conclusion:This study proved to be effective, documented with photos and exams. Approaching a rare case may provide a new therapeutic possibility. The credibility of quality homeopathic case reports has been increasing due to methodological requirements using tools developed in recent studies.

Primary nonlymphoid gastrointestinal neoplasms in dogs in Rio Grande do Sul / Neoplasmas gastrointestinais primários não linfoides em cães no Rio Grande do Sul

Gastrointestinal neoplasms (GIN) are uncommon in dogs, but they mainly show malignant behavior and poor prognosis. The types of GIN in dogs and their frequency, as well as their epidemiological and histopathological characteristics were analyzed through a retrospective study of biopsies from 24.711 dogs from 2005 to 2017. Additionally, histological sections of neoplasms were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) using antibodies against pancytokeratin, vimentin, smooth muscle actin, c-Kit, S-100, CD31, CD79αcy, and neuron-specific enolase. Of the total samples from dogs analyzed, 88 corresponded to GIN. Neoplasms occurred more frequently in purebred dogs (64.8%, 57/88), males (53.4%, 47/88), with a median age of 10 years. The intestine was affected by 84.1% (74/88) of the cases. Of these, the large intestine was the most affected (67.6%, 50/74). Most of the neoplasms had malignant behavior (88.6%, 78/88). Regarding the classification of neoplasms, 46.6% (41/88) of the diagnoses corresponded to epithelial, 46.6% (41/88) were mesenchymal, 5.7% (5/88) were hematopoietic, and 1.1% (1/88) was neuroendocrine. The most frequently diagnosed neoplasms were papillary adenocarcinoma (19.3%, 17/88), leiomyosarcoma (17.0%, 15/88), gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) (12.5%, 11/88), and leiomyoma (5.0%, 8/88). Adenocarcinomas were located mainly in the rectum, whereas leiomyosarcomas and GISTs developed mainly in the cecum. Epithelial neoplasms showed a greater potential for lymphatic invasion whereas mesenchymal neoplasms appeared to be more expansive with intratumoral necrosis and hemorrhage. Immunohistochemistry was found to be an important diagnostic technique for the identification of infiltrating cells in carcinomas and an indispensable technique for the definitive diagnosis of sarcomas.(AU)

Neoplasmas gastrointestinais (NGI) são pouco comuns em cães, mas possuem principalmente comportamento maligno e prognóstico reservado. Os tipos de NGI em cães e sua frequência, bem como características epidemiológicas e histopatológicas foram analisados por meio de um estudo retrospectivo dos exames de biópsias de 24.711 cães entre os anos de 2005 a 2017. Adicionalmente, cortes histológicos de NGI foram submetidos à técnica de imuno-histoquímica (IHQ), utilizando os anticorpos anti-pancitoqueratina, vimentina, actina de músculo liso, c-Kit, S-100, CD31, CD79αcy e enolase neurônio específica. Do total de cães analisados, 88 corresponderam a NGI não linfoides. Os neoplasmas ocorreram com maior frequência em cães de raça pura (64,8%, 57/88), machos (53,4%, 47/88), com mediana de idade de 10 anos. O intestino foi acometido em 84,1% dos casos (74/88). Destes, o intestino grosso foi o segmento mais afetado (67,6%, 50/74). A maior parte dos neoplasmas tinha comportamento maligno (88,6%, 78/88). Quanto à classificação, 46,6% (41/88) dos diagnósticos corresponderam a neoplasmas epiteliais, 46,6% (41/88) mesenquimais, 5,7% (5/88) hematopoiéticos e 1,1% (1/88), neuroendócrino. Os neoplasmas mais frequentemente diagnosticados foram adenocarcinoma papilar (19,3%, 17/88), leiomiossarcoma (17,0%, 15/88), tumor estromal gastrointestinal (GIST) (12,5%, 11/88) e leiomioma (12,5%, 8/88). Adenocarcinomas localizavam-se principalmente no reto, enquanto leiomiossarcoma e GISTs desenvolveram-se principalmente no ceco. Os neoplasmas epiteliais demonstraram um potencial maior de invasão linfática enquanto que os mesenquimais aparentaram ser mais expansivos, com necrose e hemorragia intratumorais. A imuno-histoquímica mostrou ser uma técnica diagnóstica importante para a identificação de células neoplásicas infiltravas no caso dos carcinomas e uma técnica indispensável para o diagnóstico definitivo de sarcomas.(AU)

Endocarditis marántica con embolia sistémica como manifestación de adenocarcinoma papilar de pulmón / Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis with systemic embolism as a manifestation of papillary lung adenocarcinoma

Resumen: Se presenta el caso de un hombre de 61 años, portador de un cáncer pulmonar en quien lesiones de aspecto embólico llevan al diagnóstico de Endocarditis marántica (no infecciosa). Se describen las características clínicas del paciente, los métodos diagnósticos incluyendo imágenes ecocardiográficas y la confirmación necrópsica.

Abstracts: A 61-year-old male with skin lesions suggesting embolic phenomena, was thoroughly investigated and a final diagnosis of marantic (non-infectious) endocarditis was established. Clinical characteristics and diagnostic investigation through laboratory test and images sustained the diagnosis. The use of transesophageal echocardiography is emphasized. This was finally confirmed by findings at necropsy.

Neoplasia papilar intracolecística: reporte de un caso y revisión de la evidencia existente / Intracholecystic papillary neoplasia: report of a case and review of existing evidence

La neoplasia papilar intracolecística (NPIC), es un tumor compuesto por células neoplásicas preinvasivas, que forman masas de hasta 1,0 cm, clínicamente detectables. El objetivo de este estudio fue reportar un caso de NPIC y revisar la evidencia existente. Se trata de un paciente sexo masculino, de 33 años de edad, asintomático, que en el curso de un examen de salud, se realiza una ecotomografía abdominal, en la que se verifica una lesión polipoide vesicular de 32 x 19 mm de diámetro. Se programa para colecistectomía electiva, la que se realizó por vía laparoscópica, cirugía que se pudo realizar sin inconvenientes. Una vez extirpado el espécimen, se fue a estudio histopatológico en el que tras un mapeo vesicular se concluye NPIC, colecistitis crónica inespecífica, colesterolosis y pólipos colesterínicos. El paciente ha evolucionado sin inconvenientes. Presentamos un caso de NPIC en un paciente joven, cuyo diagnóstico fue confirmado por anatomía patológica tras una colecistectomía electiva, descartándose la presencia de carcinoma invasivo y displasia de alto grado, por lo que el pronóstico es favorable.

Intracholecystic papillary neoplasm (ICPN) is a tumor composed of pre-invasive neoplastic cells, with up to 1.0 cm clinically detectable masses. The objective of this study was to report a case of NPIC and review the evidence in the literature. A 33-year-old asymptomatic male patient had an abdominal ultrasonography during a health examination, in which a vesicular polyp lesion of 32 x 19 mm in diameter was verified. Thepatient was subsequently scheduled for elective cholecystectomy, which was performed laparoscopically and the surgery was uneventful. Once removed, the specimen was studied histopathologically and after performing vesicular mapping, we determined an ICPN, chronic non-specific cholecystitis, cholesteroliasis and cholesteric polyps. The patient has evolved without reported problems. We present a case of ICPN in a young patient, whose diagnosis was confirmed by pathological anatomy after an elective cholecystectomy, ruling out the presence of invasive carcinoma and high-grade dysplasia, with a favorable prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma sincrónico de alto grado de endometrio y ovario; a propósito de un caso clínico / Synchronous high-grade adenocarcinoma of the endometrium and ovary; about a clinical case

RESUMEN El cáncer sincrónico endometrial y ovárico (SEOC) representa alrededor de un 5-10% de las neoplasias de endometrio y ovario. Cuando no existe extensión locorregional y presentan un patrón histológico de bajo grado, actúan como si fueran dos tumores primarios independientes, en lugar de comportarse como un cáncer en estadio avanzado. Los mecanismos para diferenciar si su origen es metastásico o por el contrario, son tumores primarios independientes conlleva una gran dificultad y ha generado una importante controversia dentro del estudio de este tipo de neoplasias. En este artículo, exponemos el caso clínico de una paciente de 46 años que presenta un tumor sincrónico de endometrio y ovario en estadio IA, desconocido hasta el estudio histológico de la pieza quirúrgica.

ABSTRACT Endometrial and ovarian synchronous cancer (SEOC) accounts for about 5-10% of endometrial and ovarian neoplasms. When there is no local extension and they present a low-grade histological pattern, they act as if they were two independent primary tumours, instead of behaving as an advanced stage cancer. Therefore, the differentiation of its origin (metastatic or independent primary tumours) is fraught with difficulty and has generated a significant controversy in the study of this type of neoplasms. In this article, we present the clinical case of a 46-year-old patient presenting a synchronous tumor of the endometrium and ovary in IA stage, unknown until the histological study of the surgical sample.

Papillary Adenocarcinoma of the descending colon in a dog: case report / Adenocarcinoma papilífero em cólon descendente de cão: relato de caso

The aim of this report was to describe the clinical findings and therapeutic management of a case of papillary adenocarcinoma of the descending colon in a Beagle. The patient presented soft stools, haematochezia, tenesmus, and dyschezia. Clinical examination revealed alterations on the ultrasonographic features of the descending colon suggestive of colitis and neoplasia. Following local mass resection, histopathology analysis revealed mild lymphoplasmocytic enteritis and papillary adenocarcinoma of the colon. Enterectomy for tumoral resection and biopsy of locoregional lymph nodes were carried out. Subsequent to the surgical procedure, it was possible to confirm the previous diagnosis and the tumor was classified as intestinal intraluminal papillary adenocarcinoma, with incomplete surgical margins. Adjuvant chemotherapy was performed using carboplatin, cyclophosphamide, and piroxicam, leading to remission of clinical signs and absence of any clinical or imaging alterations compatible with the patient's previous clinical condition.(AU)

O objetivo desse relato de caso foi descrever os achados clínicos e manejo terapêutico de um caso de adenocarcinoma papilífero do cólon descendente em um Beagle. O paciente apresentou fezes amolecidas, hematoquesia, tenesmo e disquesia. Exame clínico revelou alteração de achados ultrassonográficos do cólon descendente sugerindo colite e neoplasia. Após ressecção de massa local, análise histopatológica revelou enterite linfmoplasmocito leve e adenocarcinoma papilar do cólon. Enterectomia para ressecção tumoral e biopsia das lesões locais e tumores linfonodais foram realizadas. Após procedimento cirúrgico foi possível confirmar o diagnóstico prévio e o tumor foi classificado como adenocarcinoma papilar intraluminal intestinal, com margens cirúrgicas incompletas. Quimioterapia adjuvante foi realizada utilizando carboplatina, ciclofosfamida e piroxano, levando a remissão de sinais clínicos e ausência de alterações de imagem compatíveis com situação clínica prévia do paciente.(AU)

Tiroidectomía axilar endoscópica video asistida 3D / 3-D video-assisted endoscopic axillary thyroidectomy

En la cirugía mínimamente invasiva del cuello poco se ha evolucionado considerando que usualmente se acompaña de disecciones extensas, dolorosas y prolongadas en tiempo operatorio. Este tipo de cirugía que denominamos como: "cirugía en mínimos espacios del cuello", es una línea de trabajo del grupo y a finales del 2015 se inició el programa de cirugía endoscópica de cuello. En junio del 2016 intervinimos una paciente joven con carcinoma papilar de tiroides, utilizando la Tiroidectomía Axilar Endoscópica Video Asistida (TAEVA) con equipo Endoeye Flex 3 D. Se observaron claras ventajas al usarlo, como alta resolución visual, buena profundidad de campo y versatilidad derivada de la flexibilidad de la cámara que evitó el intercambio de lentes rígidos de 0°,30° y70°, lo que acortó el tiempo operatorio. Hasta donde se tiene conocimiento es el primer caso de TAEVA 3 D publicado.

Little has evolved in minimally invasive neck surgery, considering that this is usually accompanied by extensive, painful, and prolonged operative time in dissections. This type of surgery is called "Minimum space surgery of the neck", and is a line of work of our group. For this reason, an endoscopic neck surgery program was started in 2015. A young patient with papillary thyroid carcinoma was intervened in June 2016 using Endoscopic Axillary Video assisted thyroidectomy (TAEVA) with equipment EndoEYE Flex 3 D. Clear advantages were observed including high visual resolution, good depth of field, versatility derived from the flexibility of the camera that avoided the exchange of inflexible 0°,30°, and 70° lenses, and shortening the operating time. To our knowledge, it is the first case of 3 D TAEVA published.

Soft tissue metastases from differentiated thyroid cancer diagnosed by 18F FDG PET-CT / Metástases em tecidos moles de câncer de tireoide diagnosticadas por 18F FDG PET-CT

Distant metastases of differentiated thyroid cancer are unusual; lung and bones are the most frequently affected sites. Soft tissue metastases (STM) are extremely rare. We describe two cases of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer metastasizing to soft tissues. Both patients had widespread metastatic disease; clinically asymptomatic soft tissue metastases were found by 18-Fluordeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F FDG PET-CT), and confirmed by cytological and/or histopathological studies. These findings underscore the ability of 18F FDG PET-CT in accurately assessing the extent of the disease, as well as the utility of the method to evaluate regions of the body that are not routinely explored.

As metástases a distância em carcinoma diferenciado de tireoide são raras. Pulmão e ossos são os lugares mais frequentemente atingidos. As metástases em tecidos moles são extremamente infrequentes. Neste artigo, descrevemos dois casos de pacientes com câncer diferenciado de tireoide com metástases em tecidos moles. Ambos os pacientes padeciam de enfermidade avançada. As metástases em partes moles foram assintomáticas e detectadas mediante 18-Fluordeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F FDG PET-CT), sendo confirmadas por citologia e/ou histopatologia. Esses achados ressaltam o valor do 18F FDG PET-CT para a avaliação correta da extensão da enfermidade e a utilidade do método para avaliar regiões do corpo que não são exploradas nos estudos de rotina.

Adenocarcinoma nasofaríngeo en una paciente de diez años de edad: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Nasopharyngeal adenocarcinoma in a 10 year old patient: Case report and review of the literature

El adenocarcinoma nasofaríngeo primario (NAC, por sus siglas en inglés: Nasopharyngeal Adenocarcinoma) es una neoplasia muy rara. Se cree que se origina en las glándulas salivales menores, y representa aproximadamente el 0,5% de todos los cánceres de la nasofaringe. Tiene una serie de características clínicas, que incluyen un inicio insidioso con síntomas progresivos, como la obstrucción nasal y epistaxis, que se extienden por un período de semanas a varios meses. La mayoría de estos tumores se observan en pacientes de edad media (entre los 30-50 años). Se presenta el caso de una paciente de diez años de edad, con obstrucción nasal progresiva y rinitis, a quien se le diagnosticó un adenocarcinoma nasofaríngeo. Lamentablemente, no hay estrategias terapéuticas establecidas; sin embargo, la resección quirúrgica es el tratamiento de elección, con radioterapia concomitante o sin ella. Estas estrategias son similares a las recomendadas para el carcinoma escamocelular nasofaríngeo, pues casi todos los pacientes se benefician del tratamiento quirúrgico; no obstante, el papel de la quimioterapia y la radioterapia aún no es claro. Un sistema de clasificación correcta y la gestión de un tratamiento más específico para el manejo del adenocarcinoma nasofaríngeo deben establecerse...

Primary Nasopharyngeal Adenocarcinoma (NAC) is an extremely rare neoplasm believed to originate from minor salivary glands which accounts for approximately 0.5% of all nasopharyngeal cancer. It has a series of clinical characteristics including an insidious onset with slow progressive symptoms, such as nasal obstruction and epistaxis that spans a period of weeks to several months. Most of these tumors are seen in middle aged patients (30-50 years of age). We report a case of a 10 year old female patient presenting with progressive nasal obstruction and rhinitis who was diagnosed with a NAC. Unfortunately no treatment strategies are established; however surgical management is the treatment of choice, with or without concomitant radiotherapy. These strategies are similar to the ones recommended for nasopharyngeal squamous carcinoma. Almost all patients benefit from surgery, nevertheless the role of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is not clear. An accurate staging system and most select management for NAC needed to be established...

Expresión de marcadores de proliferación celular e invasión tisular en cáncer papilar del tiroides y su asociación con metástasis ganglionares / Expression of proliferation and invasion markers in papilary thyroid carcinoma with and without lymph node involvement

Background: Several molecules that may have a role in tumor proliferation, differentiation and invasion, have been detected in thyroid carcinoma. Some of these molecules are NIS, c-MET, TIMP1 an ephrinB2. Aim: To detect the presence of these molecules in tissue samples of thyroid carcinoma and relate their expression to the biological behavior of the tumor. Material and Methods: Tissue samples were prospectively obtained from 35 patients operated for a papillary thyroid carcinoma. Twelve patients had regional lymph node involvement. NIS, c-MET, TIMP1 and EphrinB2 were detected by real time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. Results: The expression of markers by RT-PCR was non significantly higher among tumors with lymph node involvement. Immunohistochemistryshowed a significantly lower nuclear expression and a higher cytoplasmatic expression of EphrinB2 in tumors with lymph node involvement. Conclusions: Immunohistochemical expression of EphrinB2 could be useful for the initial staging of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Metástasis cutáneas en cáncer de ovario: [revisión] / Skin metastases of ovarian cancer: [review]

El cáncer de ovario es la segunda neoplasia maligna ginecológica más común, pero la principal causa de muerte entre las mujeres que padecen algún cáncer ginecológico. El hallazgo de metástasis a distancia en cáncer de ovario tanto en el diagnostico como durante el seguimiento, se encuentra en cerca del 18 por ciento de las pacientes. Las metástasis en piel se han reportado en cifras menores a un 4 por ciento. El compromiso cutáneo se ha descrito como un fenómeno tardío en la historia natural de la, enfermedad, reportándose una sobrevida promedio de 4 meses, posterior al hallazgo de la metástasis en piel. En éste trabajo se reporta el caso de una paciente con éste tipo de diseminación metastásica en piel, junto con una revisión bibliográfica del tema.

Ovarian carcinoma is the second most common gynecologic neoplasm, but it is still the main cause of death among the gynecologic tumors in women. Distant metastases are found in 18 percent of the patients with ovarian carcinoma. Skin metastases of ovarian carcinoma are very rare. It has been reported in almost 4 percent and in some cases as the first manifestation of the disease. Skin metastases have been described as a late manifestation during the natural history of the disease, reporting an average of 4 month survival after the finding of skin lesions. In this paper a case of a patient with this type of metastatic dissemination on skin is reported, including a bibliographic review of the literature.

Tumores quísticos del páncreas / Cystic tumors of the pancreas

Cystic tumors of the pancreas are diagnosed with increasing frequency. The main problems associated with their diagnosis are to determine ifthey are benign of malingnant and to decide their surgicai excision or clinical follow up, since these tumors can be benign, potentiaiiy maiignant or malignant. Imaging techniques such as CT sean, magnetic resonance and endoscopic uitrasonography are the key procedures that must be performed before adopting a final therapeutic decision. However, 10 percent of cystic lesions are unable to be categorized even after thorough imaging evaluation. We analyze the characteristics of the more common cystic pancreatic lesions and the means to recognize them.

Relevance of iodine intake as a reputed predisposing factor for thyroid cancer

Iodine is a trace element that is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormone. Both chronic iodine deficiency and iodine excess have been associated with hypertrophy and hyperplasia of follicular cells, attributed to excessive secretion of TSH. This may be associated to thyroid cancer risk, particularly in women. Experimental studies have documented thyroid cancer induction by elevation of endogenous TSH, although in a small number of animals. Iodine deficiency associated with carcinogenic agents and chemical mutagens will result in a higher incidence of thyroid malignancy. Inadequate low iodine intake will result in increased TSH stimulation, increased thyroid cell responsiveness to TSH, increased thyroid cell EGF-induced proliferation, decreased TGFbeta 1 production and increased angiogenesis, all phenomena related to promotion of tumor growth. Epidemiological studies associating iodine intake and thyroid cancer led to controversial and conflicting results. There is no doubt that introduction of universal iodine prophylaxis in population previously in chronic iodine-deficiency leads to a changing pattern of more prevalent papillary thyroid cancer and declining of follicular thyroid cancer. Also anaplastic thyroid cancer is practically not seen after years of iodine supplementation. Iodine excess has also been indicated as a possible nutritional factor in the prevalence of differentiated thyroid cancer in Iceland, Hawaii and, more recently, in China. In conclusion: available evidence from animal experiments, epidemiological studies and iodine prophylaxis has demonstrated a shift towards a rise in papillary carcinoma, but no clear relationship between overall thyroid cancer incidence and iodine intake.

O iodo é essencial para a síntese de hormônios tireóideos e tanto a deficiência crônica deste halogeno como o excesso nutricional de iodo levam a hiperplasia e hipertrofia dos elementos foliculares (por excesso de TSH). Esse fenômeno pode se associar a maior risco de câncer de tireóide, especialmente no sexo feminino. Estudos experimentais documentam indução de câncer de tireóide após prolongado excesso circulante de TSH, o qual induz aumento da proliferação celular medida por fator de crescimento epidermal (EGF), decréscimo de síntese de fator de transformação do crescimento (TGFbeta 1) e aumento da angiogenese. Estudos epidemiológicos entre nutrição de iodo e câncer de tireóide são conflitantes. É, todavia, aceito que a correção de prévia deficiência de iodo com aporte nutricional adequado deste halogeno leva à maior prevalência de carcinoma papilífero (e decréscimo de carcinoma folicular). Em alguns países, o excesso de iodo foi apontado como causa aparente de maior prevalência de câncer de tireóide. Em conclusão: não existe uma relação causa-efeito entre iodo nutricional e prevalência de câncer de tireóide, e outros fatores intervenientes ambientais devem ser considerados.

Predição do risco de metástase do carcinoma bem diferenciado da glândula tireóide pela quantificação digital da imunoexpressão da galectina-3 nos compartimentos do tireócito maligno / Prediction of metastasis risk in well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma based on digital quantification of of galectin-3 immunoexpression in subcellular compartments of the malignant thyrocyte

Determinar o risco da ocorrência de metástase do carcinoma bem diferenciado da glândula tireóide auxilia na escolha do tratamento adequado. Um modelo de predição individual do risco de metástase foi desenvolvido com base no estudo caso-controle de um grupo de 109 doentes operados e seguidos por mais de 5 anos. A imunomarcação da galectina-3 no nucléolo do tireócito maligno foi um fator preditivo do risco individual de metástase linfática cervical...

Determination of metastasis risk in well differentiated thyroid carcinoma allows surgeons and oncologists to offer an adequate treatment to each patient. Individual metastasis risk prediction was calculated based on a case-control study involving 109 treated patients who were followed up during at least 5 years. Nucleolar galectin-3 immuno expression in malignant thyrocytes was an individual predictive factor for cervical lymph node metastasis...

Cáncer de tiroides en SOLCA 1991-2000: estudio de resultados terapéuticos / Thyroid Cancer in SOLCA 1991-2000: study of therapeutic results

Tipo de estudio: Retrospectivo y comparativo en el hospital Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo ION SOLCA de la ciudad de Guayaquil, durante el período comprendido de enero de 1991 a diciembre del año 2000, sobre cáncer de tiroides.Objetivo: Comparar en dos grupos problema de 33 pacientes cada uno, variables referentes a sexo, edad, tipo histológico, y fundamentalmente el periodo de remisión tumoral entre dos terapéuticas que se presentaron durante estos diez años como parte del protocolo utilizado en la institución donde se llevó a cabo el estudio.Resultados: De 131 pacientes, 66 participaron en el estudio, pudiéndose constatar que es una patología con mayor incidencia en las mujeres relación mujer – hombre: 2.8–1, que si bien el tipo histológico fue contundentemente el carcinoma papilar, se observó una proporción idéntica entre el cáncer folicular y el cáncer anaplásico, dato que no se reporta normalmente en otros países. Finalmente y los más importante fue que pacientes que fueron solamente operados recidivaron en un 61% vs. un 15% en pacientes que posteriormente de la cirugía recibieron Yodo 131, concluyéndose que esta asociación es el tratamiento de elección para pacientes con cáncer diferenciado de tiroides sin importar edad y estadio de la enfermedad.Conclusiones: Mujeres menores de 40 años y económicamente activas fueron la mayor incidencia por lo que el factor hormonal y laboral esta relacionado en la etiología; la terapia combinada debe ser instaurada de forma sistemática a pacientes con Ca diferenciado de tiroides.

Type of study: Retrospective and comparative study at the Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo Hospital ION SOLCA in the city of Guayaquil, during the period of time between January of 1991 to December of the year 2000, in a group of patients with thyroid cancer.Objective: To compare two groups of 33 patients. The variables are: sex, age, histological type, and fundamentally the period of tumor remission between two therapeutic treatments that were presented during these ten years as part of the protocol used in the institution where the study was carried out.Results: Of 131 patients, 66 participated in the study, being able to verify that it is pathology with more incidences in the women. Where the ratio between woman - man: 2.8 - . Overwhelmingly the most frequent malignancy was the Papillary Carcinoma. An identical ratio was observed between follicular and anaplastic carcinoma a finding that is not usually reported in other countries. The most important finding was that patients that were solely operated recurred in 61% vs. only 15% in patients that after surgery they received Iodine 131. We conclude that this association of surgery and treatment with Iodine 131 is the goal treatment for patients with differentiated thyroid cancer without emphasis on age and stage of the illness.Conclusions: Women less than 40 years of age and economically active had a higher incidence due to the hormonal and labor factor which is associated with the etiology. Patients with Differentiated thyroid Cancer should receive the combined treatment.

Una curiosa presentación de recidiva por implante tumoral en cáncer de colon / A rare presentation of recurrence by tumoral implant in colon cancer

En el transcurso de la cirugía por un cáncer colorrectal se puede presentar un implante tumoral en las heridas operatorias de laparatomía, laparoscopia, de periné, drenajes u ostomías. Este hecho, de frecuencia desconocida, ocurre en el mismo lecho quirúrgico y está descrito como causa de recidiva locorregional. Se comunica el curioso caso de una paciente sometida a tres cirugías anales consecutivas, que un año después fue tratada por un carcinoma de colon, y luego de otros dos años presenta una masa tumoral ulcerada en el margen anal en concordancia con la cicatriz de cirugía previas