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1.
Medicentro (Villa Clara) ; 27(3)sept. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514500

RESUMO

Los aneurismas asociados a las malformaciones arteriovenosas son lesiones vasculares que suelen encontrarse hasta en el 15 % de los pacientes que las presentan, lo que incrementa el riesgo global de hemorragia. Se presenta una paciente de 53 años de edad que sufrió un cuadro agudo de hemorragia subaracnoidea; en el estudio se evidenció la presencia de un aneurisma de comunicante anterior y malformación arteriovenosa distal de la arteria cerebral anterior izquierda, el cual requirió procedimiento quirúrgico debido al sangramiento. La evolución de la paciente fue satisfactoria y sin complicaciones.


Aneurysms associated with arteriovenous malformations are vascular lesions that are usually found in up to 15% of the patients who present them, which increases the overall risk of bleeding. We present a 53-year-old female patient who suffered from an acute subarachnoid hemorrhage; the study revealed the presence of an anterior communicating aneurysm and a distal arteriovenous malformation of the left anterior cerebral artery, which required surgical procedure due to bleeding. The evolution of the patient was satisfactory and without complications.


Assuntos
Hemorragia Subaracnóidea , Aneurisma Intracraniano , Lesões do Sistema Vascular
2.
Rev. neuro-psiquiatr. (Impr.) ; 86(1): 62-67, ene. 2023. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: biblio-1442085

RESUMO

Introducción : Los aneurismas intracraneales representan el 85% de casos de hemorragias subaracnoideas, dentro de las cuales las no traumáticas tienen una alta tasa de mortalidad (40-60%). En el manejo endovascular y microquirúrgico de esta enfermedad, el debate ha sido siempre intenso respecto a si el tratamiento temprano produce un beneficioso resultado funcional y reduce la morbi-mortalidad del paciente. Caso Clínico : Paciente mujer de 54 años, admitida con cefalea súbita y cuadro neurológico que cursó con rápido deterioro. La tomografía mostró hemorragia subaracnoidea por ruptura aneurísmica del complejo comunicante anterior; fue sometida a microcirugía dentro de las primeras 24 horas y transferida luego a UCI, sin complicaciones. Discusión : El tiempo de resolución, sea mediante clipaje microquirúrgico o tratamiento endovascular es tema de intensos debates. Las guías actuales señalan la necesidad del manejo más temprano posible de la patología. Conclusión : En nuestro caso, se obtuvo un buen resultado funcional debido a varios factores uno de ellos el ingreso precoz a cirugía. La actualización de las guías y nuevos estudios ayudarán a mejorar el conocimiento de la enfermedad y protocolos hospitalarios adecuados a la realidad clínica ayudarán a reducir su tiempo de resolución.


SUMMARY Introduction : Intracranial aneurysms account for 85% of all subarachnoid hemorrhages. Non-traumatic SAH has a high mortality rate (40-60%). Regarding the microsurgical and endovascular management for this pathology, there has been intense debate on whether early action is beneficial in terms of functional outcome and reduction of morbi-mortality. Clinical case : A 54-year-old woman admitted with a sudden, severe headache and a rapidly deteriorating neurological state at baseline, and with deterioration at the next hour. Tomography showed a subarachnoid hemorrhage due to ruptured aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery; the patient underwent surgery within the first 24 hours, with subsequent ICU management without complications. Discussion : The resolution time of this condition, either by micosurgery or endovascular management is a matter of intense debate. International guidelines point out the need of an earliest possible treatment. Conclusion : In our case, a good functional result was obtained due to several factors, one of which was early admission to surgery. The updating of guidelines and new studies will help to better understand the pathophysiology of SAH, and the creation of hospital protocols adapted to clinical realities will assist to reduce the resolution time of this pathology.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea , Relatos de Casos , Aneurisma Intracraniano , Aneurisma Roto , Tomografia , Mortalidade , Microcirurgia
3.
Acta cir. bras ; 38: e387923, 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1527593

RESUMO

Purpose: Temporary arterial occlusion (TAO) is a widespread practice in the surgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms. This study aimed to investigate TAO's role during ruptured aneurysm clipping as an independent prognostic factor on short- and long-term outcomes. Methods: This prospective cohort included 180 patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms and an indication of microsurgical treatment. Patients who died in the first 12 hours after admission were excluded. Results: TAO was associated with intraoperative rupture (IOR) (odds ratio ­ OR = 10.54; 95% confidence interval ­ 95%CI 4.72­23.55; p < 0.001) and surgical complications (OR = 2.14; 95%CI 1.11­4.07; p = 0.01). The group with TAO and IOR had no significant difference in clinical (p = 0.06) and surgical (p = 0.94) complications compared to the group that had TAO, but no IOR. Among the 111 patients followed six months after treatment, IOR, number of occlusions, and total time of occlusion were not associated with Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) in the follow-up (respectively, p = 0.18, p = 0.30, and p = 0.73). Among patients who underwent TAO, IOR was also not associated with GOS in the follow-up (p = 0.29). Conclusions: TAO was associated with IOR and surgical complications, being the latter independent of IOR occurrence. In long-term analysis, neither TAO nor IOR were associated with poor clinical outcomes.


Assuntos
Arteriopatias Oclusivas , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea , Aneurisma Intracraniano/cirurgia , Complicações Intraoperatórias
5.
Gac. méd. espirit ; 24(3): [12], dic. 2022.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1440154

RESUMO

Fundamento: Los aneurismas intracraneales cuando se fisuran provocan una hemorragia subaracnoidea. No obstante, no todos se rompen y algunos pueden ser encontrados de manera casual en un estudio imaginológico y se les denomina incidentales o asintomáticos según el paciente presente, o no, historia previa de otro saco que se haya roto con anterioridad. Tratar un aneurisma intracraneal no roto es un desafío para líderes clínicos y quirúrgicos. Objetivo: Describir las características y evolución de una serie de 91 aneurismas intracraneales incidentales y asintomáticos en pacientes atendidos en el Hospital General Camilo Cienfuegos de Sancti Spíritus entre los años 2010 y 2020. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo y cuantitativo con una muestra no probabilística de 91 aneurismas incidentales y asintomáticos encontrados en 72 pacientes mediante estudios imaginológicos. Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad, sexo, dimensiones, forma irregular, sitio de localización, método de tratamientos empleados, mortalidad y morbilidad. Resultados: Predominaron los pacientes con edad entre 45 y 65 años y hubo un predominio del sexo femenino. Fue mayoritario el aneurisma de mediano tamaño y la localización más frecuente fue la comunicante anterior. Se detectaron variables clínicas y morfológicas predictivas de complicaciones. Los pacientes no intervenidos quirúrgicamente evolucionaron mejor. Se detectaron varios pacientes con familiares de primer y segundo grado afectados por aneurismas intracraneales. Conclusiones: Los aneurismas intracraneales no rotos predominan en mujeres de la quinta y sexta década de la vida. Factores morfológicos como el tamaño del saco, la altura máxima del domo y la razón de aspecto se relacionaron con la aparición de complicaciones en los pacientes operados. El síndrome de aneurisma intracraneal familiar debe tenerse en cuenta en pacientes con antecedentes de familiares de primer y segundo grado con aneurismas intracraneales.


Background: Intracranial aneurysms when ruptured cause subarachnoid hemorrhage. However, not always they rupture and some may be found by chance in an imaging study and they are called incidental or asymptomatic depending on whether or not the patient has a prior event of additional ruptured sac formerly. Treating a non-ruptured intracranial aneurysm is a challenge for foremost clinical physicians and surgeons. Objective: To describe the characteristics and evolution of a series of 91 incidental and asymptomatic intracranial aneurysms in patients treated at the General Hospital Camilo Cienfuegos in Sancti Spíritus between 2010 and 2020. Methodology: Descriptive and quantitative study with a non-probabilistic sample of 91 incidental and asymptomatic aneurysms found in 72 patients through imaging studies. The variables studied were: age, sex, dimensions, irregular shape, site of location, method of treatment used, mortality and morbidity. Results: Patients aged between 45 and 65 years predominated with a predominance of female sex. The majority were medium-sized aneurysms and the most frequent location was the anterior connecting aneurysm. Clinical and morphological variables predictive of complications were detected. Patients who did not undergo surgery had a better evolution. Several patients with first and second relatives' degree affected by intracranial aneurysms were detected. Conclusions: Non-ruptured intracranial aneurysms predominate in women in the fifth and sixth decade of life. Morphological factors such as sac size, maximum dome height and aspect ratio were related to the happening of complications in operated patients. Family intracranial aneurysm syndrome should be considered in patients with a history of first and second relatives' degree affected by intracranial aneurysms.


Assuntos
Aneurisma Intracraniano/epidemiologia
6.
Rev. Bras. Neurol. (Online) ; 58(2): 5-10, abr.-jun. 2022. tab
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: biblio-1395434

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Rehabilitation has recently been discussed in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) caused by a ruptured aneurysm. OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical and functional outcomes of surviving and non-surviving patients with aneurysmal SAH in a neurosurgical ICU. METHODS: This is a retrospective documentary study. Medical records of patients with SAH admitted to the neurosurgical ICU of a teaching hospital between July 2014 and July 2019 were analyzed. Data were divided according to the outcomes into survivors group (SG) and non-survivors group (NG). RESULTS: 103 patients were analyzed, 72% female, mean age 55 years, 62% had high ICU outcome. The SG had significantly lower age, SAPS III score, Fisher and Hunt-Hess scales and time on mechanical ventilation (MV) than the NG, in addition, they had a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), on admission and discharge from the ICU and length of hospital stay, significantly higher (p≤0.05) than NG. The SG showed significantly higher functionality (p≤0.05) than the NG on admission and a significant increase (p≤0.05) in functionality between admission and discharge from the ICU. CONCLUSION: Surviving patients with aneurysmal SAH had lower age, SAPS III score, neurological scales and time on MV, higher GCS scores at ICU admission and discharge, and longer hospital stay than non-survivors. Surviving patients had better functionality than non-survivors on admission, and, evolved with functional improvement from admission to discharge from the ICU.


INTRODUÇÃO: Recentemente tem sido discutido quanto à reabilitação em pacientes com hemorragia subaracnóidea (HSA) causada pelo rompimento de um aneurisma. OBJETIVO: Comparar desfechos clínicos e funcionais de pacientes com HSA aneurismática, sobreviventes e não sobreviventes em uma UTI neurocirúrgica. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo documental retrospectivo. Foram analisados prontuários de pacientes com HSA internados na UTI neurocirúrgica de um hospital escola, entre julho de 2014 e julho de 2019. Os dados foram divididos de acordo com os desfechos em grupo sobreviventes (GS) e grupo não sobreviventes (GN). RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 103 pacientes, 72% do sexo feminino, idade média de 55 anos, 62% apresentaram alta da UTI como desfecho. O GS apresentou idade, escore SAPS III, escalas de Fisher e Hunt-Hess e tempo de ventilação mecânica (VM) significativamente menores (p≤0,05) que o GN, além disso, apresentaram escala de coma de Glasgow (ECG), na admissão e na alta da UTI e tempo de internação hospitalar, significativamente maiores (p≤0,05) que o GN. O GS apresentou funcionalidade significativamente maior (p≤0,05) que o GN na admissão e incremento significativo (p≤0,05) da funcionalidade entre a admissão e alta da UTI. CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes com HSA aneurismática sobreviventes apresentaram menores idades, escore SAPS III, escalas neurológicas e tempo de VM, maiores escores de ECG, na admissão e na alta da UTI e maior tempo de internação hospitalar que os não sobreviventes. Os pacientes sobreviventes apresentaram melhor funcionalidade que os não sobreviventes na admissão, e, evoluíram com melhora funcional da admissão até a alta da UTI.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/diagnóstico , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/etiologia , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/reabilitação , Aneurisma Intracraniano/complicações , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Mortalidade , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Tempo de Internação
7.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 41(1): 43-50, 07/03/2022.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362077

RESUMO

Introduction Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is a major healthcare concern. The use of statin to reduce serum cholesterol has shown evidence to reduce cardiovascular risk in various diseases, but the impact on IA has not been described. This study aims to determine whether statin use, and serum cholesterol levels interfere with outcomes after IA event. Methods A cohort of patients with IA was analyzed. Patients social and demographics data were collected.Modified Rankin scale (mRS) score after 6months of follow-up was the endpoint. The data regarding statins use, presence or not of atherosclerotic plaque in radiological images and serum cholesterol of 35 patients were included in our study. Linear regression models were used to determine the influence of those 6 variables in the clinical outcome. Results The prevalence of atherosclerotic plaque, high cholesterol and use of statins was 34.3%, 48.5%, and 14.2%, respectively. Statins and serum cholesterol did not impact the overall outcome,measured by mRS after 6 months (p>0.05), but did show different tendencies when separated by IA rupture status. Serum cholesterol shows na important association with rupture of aneurysm (p»0.0382). High cholesterol and use of statins show a tendency for worse outcome with ruptured aneurysm, and the opposite is true for unruptured aneurysm. The presence of atherosclerotic plaques was not related with worse outcomes. Conclusions Multiple and opposite mechanisms might be involved in the pathophysiology of IA. Ruptured aneurysms are associated with higher levels of serum cholesterol. Serum cholesterol and statins use were not correlated with worse outcomes, but further studies are important to clarify these relationships.


Introdução Aneurisma intracranial (AI) é uma grande preocupação para a saúde. Evidências apontam que o uso de estatina para reduzir o colesterol sérico diminui o risco cardiovascular em diversas doenças, mas o impacto em AI ainda não foi descrito. Este estudo almeja determinar se o uso de estatina e o nível sérico de colesterol interferem no desfecho clínico após a ocorrência de AIs. Métodos Uma coorte de pacientes com AI foi analisada. Os dados sociodemográficos dos pacientes foram coletados. Ao final de 6 meses de acompanhamento, aplicou-se a escala modificada de Rankin (mRS). Os dados sobre uso de estatina, existência de placa aterosclerótica em imagens radiológicas, e colesterol sérico de 35 pacientes foram incluídos no estudo. Modelos de regressão linear foram usados para determinar a influência dessas 6 variáveis nos desfechos clínicos. Resultados A prevalência de placa aterosclerótica, colesterol elevado, e uso de estatina foram respectivamente 34,3%, 48,5% e 14,2%. Estatina e colesterol sérico não impactaram nos desfechos medidos pela mRS em 6 meses (p > 0,05), mas mostraram diferentes tendências quando separados pelo estado de ruptura do AI. Colesterol sérico apresenta uma importante associação com ruptura de aneurisma (p » 0,0382). Colesterol elevado e uso de estatinas representam uma tendência a piores desfechos para aneurismas rompidos, e o oposto é verdade para os não rompidos. A presença de placa aterosclerótica não está relacionada com piores resultados. Conclusões Mecanismos múltiplos e opostos podem estar envolvidos na patofisio logia do AI. Aneurismas rompidos estão associados com maiores níveis de colesterol sérico. Colesterol sérico e estatinas não foram correlacionados com piores desfechos, mas mais estudos são importantes para clarificar a relação entre esses fatores


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Aneurisma Intracraniano , Colesterol/análise , Inibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases/análise , Placa Aterosclerótica/epidemiologia , Modelos Lineares , Estudos de Coortes , Interpretação Estatística de Dados
8.
Acta cir. bras ; 37(1): e370107, 2022. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1413349

RESUMO

Purpose: To analyze the role of serum creatinine levels as a biomarker of intracranial aneurysm outcomes. Methods: This is a prospective analysis of outcomes of patients with intracranial aneurysm. One hundred forty-seven patients with serum creatinine at admission and 6 months follow up were included. Linear and logistic regressions were used to analyze the data. Modified Rankin scale (mRS) was used to assess outcome. Results: Creatinine level was not directly related to aneurysm outcome nor aneurysm rupture (p > 0.05). However, patients with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) lower than 72.50 mL·min­1 had an odds ratio (OR) of 3.049 (p = 0.006) for worse outcome. Similarly, aneurysm rupture had an OR of 2.957 (p = 0.014) for worse outcomes. Stepwise selection model selected 4 variables for outcomes prediction: serum creatinine, sex, hypertension and treatment. Hypertensive patients had, on average, an increase in 0.588 in mRS (p = 0.022), while treatment with microsurgery had a decrease in 0.555 (p = 0.038). Conclusions: Patients with higher GFR had better outcomes after 6 months. Patients with higher GFR had better outcomes after 6 months. Creatinine presented an indirect role in GFR values and should be included in models for outcome prediction.


Assuntos
Humanos , Aneurisma Intracraniano/prevenção & controle , Creatinina/análise , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Modelos Lineares
9.
Epidemiol. serv. saúde ; 31(2): e20211122, 2022. tab
Artigo em Inglês, Português | LILACS | ID: biblio-1404726

RESUMO

Objetivo: Analisar internações para tratamento de aneurismas cerebrais rotos e não rotos com realização de embolização e de microcirurgia cerebral no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), Brasil, 2009-2018. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, utilizando dados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do SUS. Descreveu-se a frequência das internações, procedimentos, utilização de unidade de tratamento intensivo (UTI), letalidade e gastos. Resultados: Das 43.927 internações, 22.622 (51,5%) resultaram em microcirurgia. Embolização e microcirurgia foram mais frequentes no sexo feminino. A duração das internações com embolização foi de 7,7 dias (±9,0), e com microcirurgia, 16,2 (±14,2) dias, a frequência de admissão em UTI, 58,6% e 85,3%, e a letalidade, 5,9% e 10,9%, respectivamente. Do gasto total, US$ 240 milhões, 66,3% corresponderam às internações com embolização. Conclusão: As internações com embolização para tratamento de aneurismas cerebrais no SUS apresentaram menor duração, menor frequência de utilização de UTI e menor letalidade, porém maior gasto em relação à microcirurgia cerebral.


Objetivo: Analizar las internaciones para tratamiento de aneurismas cerebrales rotos y no rotos en cuanto a embolización y microcirugía cerebral en el Sistema Único de Salud (SUS), Brasil, de 2009 a 2018. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo utilizando datos del Sistema de Información Hospitalaria (SIH)/SUS relacionados con la frecuencia de hospitalizaciones, procedimientos, uso de la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI), letalidad y gastos. Resultados: De los 43.927 ingresos, 22.622 (51,5%) correspondieron a microcirugía. Hubo una mayor frecuencia de procedimientos de embolización y microcirugía entre las personas del sexo femenino. De las hospitalizaciones con embolización y microcirugía, respectivamente, la duración de la estadía fue de 7,7 (±9,0) y 16,2 (±14,2) días, la frecuencia de ingreso en la UCI fue del 58,6% y el 85,3% y la letalidad del 5,9% y el 10,9%. El gasto total fue de US$ 240 millones, de los cuales el 66,3% correspondió a hospitalizaciones con embolización. Conclusión: Las hospitalizaciones con embolización, para el tratamiento de aneurismas cerebrales en el SUS, tuvieron menor tiempo de estadía, menor frecuencia de uso de la UCI y menor letalidad, pero mayores gastos en relación a la microcirugía cerebral.


Objective: To analyze hospital admissions for treatment of ruptured and unruptured cerebral aneurysms with embolization and brain microsurgery performed within the Brazilian National Health System (SUS), 2009-2018. Methods: This was a descriptive study, using data from the SUS's Hospital Information System. Frequency of hospital admissions, procedures, use of intensive care unit (ICU), case fatality ratio and expenditures were described. Results: Of the 43,927 hospital admissions, 22,622 (51.5%) resulted in microsurgery. Embolization and cerebral microsurgery were more frequent among females. Length of hospital stay with embolization procedure was 7.7 days (±9.0), and with microsurgery, 16.2 (±14.2) days, frequency of ICU admission, 58.6% and 85.3%, and case fatality ratio, 5.9% and 10.9% respectively. Of the total expenditure, USD 240 million, 66.3% corresponded to hospitalizations with embolization procedure. Conclusion: Hospital admissions with embolization procedure for treatment of cerebral aneurysms within the SUS showed a shorter length of stay, less frequent use of ICU and lower case fatality ratio, but higher expenditure when compared to brain microsurgery.


Assuntos
Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/terapia , Aneurisma Intracraniano , Aneurisma Intracraniano/terapia , Sistema Único de Saúde , Brasil , Hospitalização
10.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 81: e0065, 2022. graf
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407669

RESUMO

RESUMO Os aneurismas intracranianos são dilatações em segmentos arteriais que irrigam o sistema nervoso central. Acometem 2% da população e as alterações oftalmológicas podem ser as primeiras manifestações do quadro. O objetivo deste relato foi descrever um caso de aneurisma de artéria carótida interna que cursou com restrição da movimentação ocular, alteração do reflexo fotomotor, ptose palpebral, dor facial e cervical. O diagnóstico foi confirmado pela identificação do aneurisma por meio do exame de angiografia cerebral. Foi realizado teste de oclusão por balão, cujo resultado positivo possibilitou a oclusão total da artéria carótida interna por meio de ligadura cirúrgica, procedimento este realizado com sucesso.


ABSTRACT Intracranial aneurysms are dilations in segments of the arteries that irrigate the central nervous system. They affect 2% of the population and the ophthalmologic disorders may be the first evidence in the clinical examination. The aim of the report is to describe a case of an internal carotid artery aneurysm that showed restrictions of ocular movements, change of pupillary light reflex, palpebral ptosis, facial, and cervical pain. This diagnosis was confirmed by the identification of the aneurysm through angiography. A balloon occlusion test was performed, and its positive result made a complete occlusion of the Internal Carotid Artery possible through surgery ligation, procedure that was successful.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Blefaroptose/etiologia , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/complicações , Artéria Carótida Interna/patologia , Aneurisma Intracraniano/complicações , Oftalmoplegia/etiologia , Dor Facial/etiologia , Angiografia Cerebral , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/cirurgia , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/diagnóstico por imagem , Artéria Carótida Interna/cirurgia , Artéria Carótida Interna/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Aneurisma Intracraniano/cirurgia , Aneurisma Intracraniano/diagnóstico por imagem , Cervicalgia/etiologia , Oclusão com Balão
12.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 40(4): 339-348, 26/11/2021.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362079

RESUMO

Introduction The middle meningeal artery (MMA) is an important artery in neurosurgery. As the largest branch of the maxillary artery, it provides nutrition to the meninges and to the frontal and parietal regions. Diseases, including dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF), pseudoaneurysm, true aneurysm, traumatic arteriovenous fistula (TAVF), Moya-Moya disease (MMD), recurrent chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH), migraine, and meningioma,may be related to the MMA. The aim of the present study is to describe the anatomy of the MMA and to correlate it with brain diseases. Methods A literature review was performed using the PubMed, Scielo, Scientific Direct, Ebsco, LILACS, TripDataBase and Cochrane databases, with the following descriptors: neurosurgery, neuroanatomy, meninges and blood supply. Discussion The MMA is embedded in a cranial groove, and traumatic or iatrogenic factors can result in MMA-associated pseudoaneurysms or arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs). In hemodynamic stress, true aneurysms can develop. Arteriovenous fistulas, pseudoaneurysms, and true aneurysms can be effectively treated by endovascular or surgical removal. In MMD, the MMA plays a role in the development and in the improvement of collateral circulation. Finally, in cases of CSDH, when standard surgery and drainage fail, MMA embolization can constitute a great alternative. Conclusion The MMA is a relevant structure for the understanding of neurosurgical diseases. In conclusion, every neurosurgeon must know the anatomy of the MMA sufficiently to correlate it with the diagnosed pathology, thus obtaining treatment effectiveness and preventing brain lesion.


Assuntos
Traumatismos Craniocerebrais/cirurgia , Artérias Meníngeas/anatomia & histologia , Artérias Meníngeas/fisiopatologia , Aneurisma Intracraniano/complicações , Fístula Arteriovenosa/cirurgia , Falso Aneurisma/cirurgia , Embolização Terapêutica/métodos
13.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 40(4): 374-379, 26/11/2021.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362107

RESUMO

Objective To report three cases of vein of Galen aneurysmalmalformation (VGAM) in pediatric patients treated at the hemodynamics lab of Hospital Santa Isabel (HSI) in Blumenau, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, from 2006 to 2020. Clinical presentation, endovascular treatment, and postprocedure evolution to date are included. Case description Three children aged 5 to 12 months with cardiac, respiratory, or neurological damage in the neonatal stage, were referred to the neurosurgery service and diagnosed with VGAM. The three patients underwent endovascular embolization of themalformation, with different clinical evolution throughout outpatient follow-up. Conclusion Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations are uncommon vascular abnormalities that, until the advent of endovascular embolization, were associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Its prognosis is linked with initial clinic, early diagnosis, and timely surgical correction.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Aneurisma Intracraniano/cirurgia , Malformações da Veia de Galeno/cirurgia , Malformações da Veia de Galeno/fisiopatologia , Procedimentos Endovasculares/métodos , Prognóstico , Aneurisma Intracraniano/diagnóstico por imagem , Resultado do Tratamento , Embolização Terapêutica/métodos , Malformações da Veia de Galeno/diagnóstico por imagem
14.
Cambios rev. méd ; 20(2): 5-11, 30 Diciembre 2021. tabs.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1368176

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN. En Ecuador, las enfermedades cerebrovasculares son la tercera causa de muerte en la población general; existen pocos datos en la literatura médica sobre la hemorragia subaracnoidea aneurismática y aneurismas no rotos, por lo que fue fundamental describir un perfil clínico. OBJETIVO. Caracterizar la clínica de los pacientes con diagnóstico de aneurisma cerebral. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS. Estudio observacional descriptivo. Población de 450 y muestra de 447 pacientes con diagnóstico de aneurisma cerebral atendidos en la Unidad de Neurología del Hospital Carlos Andrade Marín, periodo enero 2010 a diciembre 2018. Los datos clínicos e imagenológicos fueron recolectados a través de la revisión de historias clínicas digitales obtenidas del sistema informático MIS/AS400, y se analizaron en el programa estadístico International Business Machines Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, versión 23. RESULTADOS. Se identificaron 605 aneurismas en 447 pacientes. El 80,5% (360; 447) presentó aneurismas rotos, de éstos el 81,4% (293; 360) tuvo un solo aneurisma. El factor de riesgo más frecuente fue la hipertensión arterial con el 44,3% (198; 447), las manifestaciones observadas fueron: hemorragia subaracnoidea con el 98,9% (356; 360) en aneurismas rotos; y cefalea con el 65,5% (57; 87) en aneurismas no rotos. DISCUSIÓN. Se encontró datos relevantes no coincidentes con la literatura científica mundial, como el bajo número de aneurismas asintomáticos y no rotos, comparados con su contraparte. CONCLUSIÓN. Se evidenció que los aneurismas intracraneales produjeron una amplia gama de manifestaciones clínicas, que fluctuaron desde la hemorragia subaracnoidea como la más frecuente en el grupo de aneurismas rotos, hasta pacientes completamente asintomáticos en el grupo de aneurismas no rotos.


INTRODUCTION. In Ecuador, cerebrovascular diseases are the third leading cause of death in the general population; there are few data in the medical literature on aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and unruptured aneurysms, so it was essential to describe a clinical profile. OBJECTIVE. To characterize the clinical profile of patients diagnosed with cerebral aneurysm. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Descriptive observational study. Population of 450 and sample of 447 patients with a diagnosis of cerebral aneurysm seen in the Neurology Unit of the Carlos Andrade Marín Hospital, period January 2010 to December 2018. Clinical and imaging data were collected through the review of digital medical records obtained from the MIS/AS400 computer system, and were analyzed in the statistical program International Business Machines Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 23. RESULTS. A total of 605 aneurysms were identified in 447 patients. A total of 80,5% (360; 447) had ruptured aneurysms, of which 81,4% (293; 360) had a single aneurysm. The most common risk factor was hypertension with 44,3% (198; 447), the manifestations observed were: subarachnoid hemorrhage with 98,9% (356; 360) in ruptured aneurysms; and headache with 65,5% (57; 87) in unruptured aneurysms. DISCUSSION. We found relevant data not consistent with the world scientific literature, such as the low number of asymptomatic and unruptured aneurysms, compared with its counterpart. CONCLUSION. It was evidenced that intracranial aneurysms produced a wide range of clinical manifestations, ranging from subarachnoid hemorrhage as the most frequent in the group of ruptured aneurysms, to completely asymptomatic patients in the group of unruptured aneurysms.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea , Aneurisma Intracraniano , Aneurisma Roto , Cefaleia , Aneurisma , Neurologia , Angiografia Digital , Doenças Arteriais Cerebrais , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Equador , Acidente Vascular Cerebral Hemorrágico , Hipertensão
16.
Rev. argent. neurocir ; 35(3): 290-291, sept. 2021.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1427072

RESUMO

La amable invitación a escribir este artículo me llevó al interesante ejercicio de reflexionar sobre qué hago y cómo enfrento a un paciente que llega a la consulta derivado con un aneurisma cerebral incidental: día normal en el consultorio, tratar de resolver en forma simple problemas que son com-plejos.Como en toda consulta primero hay que escuchar y hacerse la idea de cómo viene el paciente, si está asustado, si muestra buena predisposición ¿Pregunta tranquilo qué hacer después de un hallazgo inesperado o llega desconfiado, de consulta en consulta, buscando definiciones u opiniones acerca de un aneurisma que le han encontrado en un estudio por una cefalea poco clara?Comprendo la ansiedad y la incertidumbre que genera la noticia. Ponerlo en contexto general a veces ayuda: 3 al 5% de la población tiene aneurismas cerebrales, la mayoría pequeños y la posibilidad de un sangrado es del 1% anual o menos


Assuntos
Aneurisma , Pacientes , Aneurisma Intracraniano , Neurocirurgiões
17.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 40(3): 288-293, 15/09/2021.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362169

RESUMO

Virtual reality (VR) has increasingly been implemented in neurosurgical practice. A patient with an unruptured anterior communicating artery (AcoA) aneurysm was referred to our institution. Imaging data from computed tomography angiography (CTA) was used to create a patient specific 3D model of vascular and skull base anatomy, and then processed to a VR compatible environment. Minimally invasive approaches (mini-pterional, supraorbital and mini-orbitozygomatic) were simulated and assessed for adequate vascular exposure in VR. Using an eyebrow approach, aminiorbitozygomatic approach was performed, with clip exclusion of the aneurysm from the circulation. The step-by-step process of VR planning is outlined, and the advantages and disadvantages for the neurosurgeon of this technology are reviewed.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Aneurisma Intracraniano/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos/métodos , Treinamento por Simulação/métodos , Realidade Virtual , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardiovasculares/métodos , Aneurisma Intracraniano/diagnóstico por imagem
18.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 79(9): 759-765, Sept. 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1345343

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Background: Predictors of outcomes following endovascular treatment (ET) for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) are not well-defined. Identifying them would be beneficial in determining which patients might benefit from ET. Objective: To identify the predictive factors for poor outcomes following ET for aSAH. Methods: 120 patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysms underwent endovascular embolization between January 2017 and December 2018. Blood pressure variability was examined using the standard deviation of the 24-hour systolic blood pressure (24hSSD) and 24-hour diastolic blood pressure (24hDSD). Predictors were identified through univariate and multivariate regression analysis. All patients were followed up for three months. Results: At follow-up, 86 patients (71.7%) had good outcomes and 34 (28.3%) had poor outcomes. Patients with poor outcomes had significantly higher 24hSSD than those with good outcomes (19.3 ± 5.5 vs 14.1 ± 4.8 mmHg; P < 0.001). The 24hDSD did not differ significantly between patients with good outcomes and those with poor outcomes (9.5 ± 2.3 vs 9.9 ± 3.5 mmHg; P = 0.464). The following were significant risk factors for poor outcomes after endovascular embolization: age ≥ 65 years (odds ratio [OR] = 23.0; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.0-175.9; P = 0.002); Hunt-Hess grade 3-4 (OR = 6.8; 95% CI: 1.1-33.7; P = 0.039); Fisher grade 3-4 (OR = 47.1; 95% CI: 3.8-586.5; P = 0.003); postoperative complications (OR = 6.1; 95% CI: 1.1-34.8; P = 0.042); and 24hSSD ≥ 15 mmHg (OR = 14.9; 95% CI: 4.0-55.2; P < 0.001). Conclusion: Elevated 24hSSD is a possibly treatable predictive factor for poor outcomes after ET for aSAH.


RESUMO Antecedentes: Fatores preditores de resultados após tratamento endovascular (TE) para hemorragia subaracnóide aneurismática (HSA) não estão bem definidos. Identificá-los seria útil para determinar quais pacientes podem se beneficiar de TE. Objetivo: Identificar os fatores preditivos de resultados ruins após TE para HSA. Métodos: 120 pacientes com aneurismas cerebrais rompidos foram submetidos à embolização endovascular entre janeiro de 2017 e dezembro de 2018. A variabilidade da pressão arterial foi examinada usando-se o desvio padrão da PA sistólica de 24 horas (DPPAS- 24h) e da PA diastólica de 24 horas (DPPAD-24h). Os fatores preditores foram identificados por meio de análises de regressão univariada e multivariada. Todos os pacientes foram acompanhados por três meses. Resultados: No acompanhamento, 86 pacientes (71,7%) tiveram bons resultados e 34 (28,3%) tiveram resultados ruins. Pacientes com resultados ruins apresentaram DPPAS-24h significativamente maior do que aqueles com bons resultados (19,3 ± 5,5 vs 14,1 ± 4,8 mmHg; P <0,001). O DPPAD-24h não diferiu significativamente entre os pacientes com bons resultados e aqueles com resultados ruins (9,5 ± 2,3 vs 9,9 ± 3,5 mmHg; P = 0,464). Os fatores de risco significativos para resultados ruins após embolização endovascular foram os seguintes: idade ≥ 65 anos (razão de probabilidade [OR] = 23,0; intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC]: 3,0-175,9; P = 0,002); escala de Hunt-Hess 3-4 (OR = 6,8; IC 95%: 1,1-33,7; P = 0,039); escala de Fisher 3-4 (OR = 47,1; IC 95%: 3,8-586,5; P = 0,003); complicações pós-operatórias (OR = 6,1; IC 95%: 1,1-34,8; P = 0,042); e DPPAS 24h ≥ 15 mmHg (OR = 14,9; IC 95%: 4,0-55,2; P <0,001). Conclusão: O DPPAS 24h elevado é um fator preditivo possivelmente tratável para resultados ruins após TE para HSA.


Assuntos
Humanos , Idoso , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/terapia , Aneurisma Intracraniano/complicações , Aneurisma Intracraniano/terapia , Pressão Sanguínea , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento
19.
Rev. argent. neurocir ; 35(2): 107-115, jun. 2021. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1398028

RESUMO

Intoducción: El tratamiento microquirúrgico para los aneurismas intracraneales es el clipado, sin embargo, algunos aneurismas deben ser resueltos mediante wrapping. El objetivo del trabajo es analizar los cambios histológicos en aneurismas fusiformes en ratas luego del wrapping con algodón natural y politetrafluoroetileno. Materiales y Método: Se trabajó con 12 Ratas Wistar divididas en 3 grupos. Luego de la anestesia se expusieron ambas arterias carótidas comunes, realizándose un aneurisma fusiforme en cada vaso. Se realizó wrapping a las carótidas derechas, grupo 1 con membrana de politetrafluoroetileno, grupo 2 con algodón natural y grupo 3 empleándo combinación de ambos materiales. Los animales fueron sacrificados a los 45 días postoperatorios, para luego procesar las muestras y análisis histológico vascular. Resultados: En el grupo 1 no se evidenciaron modificaciones estructurales, en el grupo 2 se destacó la presencia de células gigantes multinucleadas, inflamación, con infiltrado linfoplasmocitario. En el grupo 3 fue similar al grupo 2 con el agregado de metaplasia condroide y calcificaciones en capa media. Las arterias carotidas izquierdas (control) no presentaron cambios histológicos y a nivel muscular, aumento del tejido conectivo entre las fibras musculares y fibroblastos en el grupo 2. Discusión: Existen publicaciones sobre la técnica de wrapping con materiales autólogos o heterólogos. Sin embargo, no existen análisis experimentales de los efectos microestructurales producidos en las arterias tras la creación y tratamiento de un aneurisma fusiforme. Conclusiones: La combinación más efectiva para reforzar la pared del aneurisma y evitar la reacción inflamatoria circundante es la utilización de algodón natural y politetrafluoroetileno


Intoduction: The microsurgical treatment for intracranial aneurysms is clipping, however, some aneurysms must be resolved by wrapping. The objective of the work is to analyze the histological changes in fusiforms aneurysms in rats after wrapping with natural cotton and polytetrafluoroethylene. Materials and Method: We worked with 12 Wistar rats divided into 3 groups. After anesthesia, both common carotid arteries were exposed, making a fusiform aneurysm in each vessel. Right carotid wrapping was performed, group 1 with a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane, group 2 with natural cotton, and group 3 using a combination of both materials. The animals were sacrificed 45 days after surgery, to process the specimens and vascular histological analysis. Results: In group 1 there were no structural modifications, in group 2 the presence of multinucleated giant cells, inflammation, with lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate stood out. In group 3 it was similar to group 2 with the addition of chondroid metaplasia and calcifications in the middle layer. The left carotid arteries (control) did not present histological changes and at the muscle level, increased connective tissue between muscle fibers and fibroblasts in group 2. Discussion: There are publications on the wrapping technique with autologous or heterologous materials. However, there are no experimental analyzes of the microstructural effects produced in the arteries after the creation and treatment of a fusiform aneurysm. Conclusions: The most effective combination to reinforce the wall of the aneurysm and avoid the surrounding inflammatory reaction is the use of natural cotton and polytetrafluoroethylene


Assuntos
Aneurisma , Politetrafluoretileno , Aneurisma Intracraniano
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