Fenotipo de la reparación por escisión de nucleótidos en pacientes cubanos con hipersensibilidad al sol / Phenotype of the nucleotide excision repair in Cuban sun-hypersensitive patients

INTRODUCCIÓN: deficiencias en los mecanismos de reparación del ácido desoxirribonucleico constituyen un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo del cáncer, como ocurre en el xeroderma pigmentoso. OBJETIVOS: evaluar el fenotipo de la reparación por escisión de nucleótidos en pacientes cubanos con una elevada hipersensibilidad al sol, y la sospecha clínica de xeroderma pigmentoso en la fase eritematopigmentaria, mediante la variante alcalina del ensayo cometa. MÉTODOS: se estudiaron 28 pacientes, con predominio de las edades pediátricas. Como inductor del daño al ácido desoxirribonucleico se utilizó la radiación ultravioleta C (254 nm) a una dosis de 40 J/m². El daño del ácido desoxirribonucleico se cuantificó inmediatamente, después de irradiar las células (tiempo 0 minutos) y un tiempo después de la irradiación, incubado a 37 ºC en medio de cultivo, enriquecido con suero fetal al 10 % (tiempo 45 min). Con estos datos se determinó el por ciento de la diferencia en las unidades arbitrarias (UA) entre ambos momentos. RESULTADOS: no se obtuvieron diferencias significativas (p= 0,080976) entre el grupo de pacientes (224,23 UA) y el grupo de sujetos controles (195,43 UA). Los pacientes reconocieron y escindieron el daño inducido en el ácido desoxirribonucleico por luz ultravioleta C, con una eficiencia similar a la de los controles. CONCLUSIONES: el ensayo cometa alcalino acoplado a radiación ultravioleta C permitió identificar, claramente y de forma indirecta, el funcionamiento de los mecanismos de reparación por escisión de nucleótidos, donde actúan las proteínas XPA a XPG. Los sujetos en estudio fueron excluidos de presentar la forma clásica de la enfermedad.

INTRODUCTION: deficiencies in the deoxyribonucleic acid repair mechanisms are a risk factor for cancer as is the case of xeroderma pigmentosum. OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the phenotype of nucleotide excision repair in Cuban sun hypersensitive patients with clinical suspicion of xeroderma pigmentosum at erythematopigmentary phase, by using the Comet assay alkaline variant. METHODS: twenty eight patients mainly at pediatric ages were studied. The used DNA damage inducer was ultraviolet radiation C (254 nm) at 40 J/m2 dose. The DNA damage was quantified immediately after cell irradiation (0 minutes) and some time afterwards, then cultured at 37 ºC and enriched with 10 % fetal serum (45 minutes). This data allowed determining the percentage of difference in arbitrary units (AU) between both moments. RESULTS: there was no significant differences (p= 0.080976) between the group of patients (224.23 AU) and the control group (195.43 UA). The UV-C induced DNA damage was recognized and excised in the patients with similar effectiveness to that of the controls. CONCLUSIONS: the UV-C radiation-coupled alkaline comet assay allowed clearly and indirectly identifying the functioning of the nucleotide excision repair mechanisms in which XPA to XPG proteins influence. The studied subjects did not show the classical form of this disease.

Identification in silico of putative damage responsive elements (DRE) in promoter regions of the yeast genome

We report an in silico analysis to identify nucleotide sequence motifs in DNA repair genes that may define a binding site for regulatory proteins during the induction of those genes by mutagens. The damage responsive elements (DRE) weight matrix generated in this analysis was used to search for homologous sequences in the promoter region of all genes, including putative gene and hypothetical open reading frames (ORFs), in the Saccharomyces Genome Data Base (SGD). The results demonstrated that over one third of the yeast genes in the database presented at least one 15-bp sequence in their promoter region with 85% or more of similarity to the DRE consensus sequence. The presence of the DRE sequence in the promoter region of regulatory genes and its high similarity to other well reported DNA binding sites points to its involvement in the general regulation of not only DNA repair genes but yeast genes in general