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1.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 63: e20200062, 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1132243

RESUMO

Abstract Cilostazol (CLZ) is a phosphodiesterase III inhibitor with antiplatelet and vasodilator properties. It has been recently verified that CLZ plays a significant role in the arteries by inhibiting the proliferation and growth of muscle cells, increasing the release of nitric oxide by the endothelium and promoting angiogenesis. Considering these promising effects, the use of nanocapsules may be an interesting strategy to optimize its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics at the vascular level for preventing atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cilostazol-loaded nanocapsules in the abdominal aortic tunics and on the lipid profile of Wistar rats in order to investigate its potential role in the prevention of atherosclerosis. Thirty-two animals were divided into four groups of eight animals, with 30-day treatment. Group 1 received nanoencapsulated CLZ; Group 2, control nanocapsules with no drug; Group 3, propylene glycol and water; and Group 4, a solution of CLZ in propylene glycol and water. After 30 days, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the cellularity and thickness of the arterial tunics of the abdominal aorta. However, the group that received nanoencapsulated CLZ (Group 1) had an improvement in HDL-c and triglyceride values compared to unloaded nanocapsules (Group 2).


Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Vasodilatadores/administração & dosagem , Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária/administração & dosagem , Nanocápsulas/administração & dosagem , Inibidores da Fosfodiesterase 3/administração & dosagem , Cilostazol/administração & dosagem , Aorta Abdominal , Propilenoglicóis , Ratos Wistar , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Aterosclerose/prevenção & controle , Óxido Nítrico
2.
Braz. dent. j ; 29(1): 48-53, Jan.-Feb. 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-888727

RESUMO

Abstract The aim of this study was to synthesize and evaluate physicochemical properties of a new salicylate derivative in experimental calcium-based root canal sealers. Two salicylate derivatives were synthesized for the transesterification reaction of methyl salicylate with two different alcohols (1,3-butylenoglicol disalicylate-BD and pentaerythritol tetrasalicylate -PT) in molar ratio 1:3 and 1:6, respectively. The products (BD and PT), were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (RMN). Calcium-based experimental sealers were prepared with the same catalyst paste (60% of MTA, 39% of n-ethyl-o-toluenesulfonamide, and 1% titanium dioxide) and four different concentrations of BD and PT in the base pastes (40/0 - control, 35/5, 30/10 and 20/20) with 60% of bismuth oxide. The experimental sealers were evaluated for setting time, solubility (24 h, 7, 14 and 30 days), diametral tensile strength and Young's Modulus. Data were analyzed by one- or two-way ANOVA with Tukey's test (p<0.05). The addition of PT reduced the materials setting time. After 24 h the sealer 40/0 and 35/5 had higher solubility, and after 14 and 28 days the sealer 20/20 showed the lowest solubility (p<0.05). After 7 days the sealer 20/20 stabilized its solubility. The sealer 40/0 presented the highest values and the 20/20 presented the lowest values of diametral tensile strength and Young's modulus (p<0.05). The addition of PT to calcium-based root canal sealers provides benefits to the setting time and solubility.


Resumo O objetivo neste estudo foi sintetizar e avaliar as propriedades físico-químicas de um novo derivado do salicilato em cimentos endodônticos experimentais à base de cálcio. Dois derivados de salicilato foram sintetizados por meio de uma reação de trans esterificação do salicilato de metila com dois diferentes alcoóis (1,3-butilenoglicol dissalicilato-BD e pentaeritritol tetrassalicilato-PT) na proporção molar de 1: 3 e 1:6, respectivamente. Os produtos (BD e PT), foram caracterizados por espectroscopia infravermelho transformada de Fourier (FTIR) e espectroscopia de ressonância magnética nuclear (RMN). Os cimentos experimentais à base de cálcio foram preparados com a mesma pasta catalisadora (60% de MTA, 39% de N-etil o/p toluenosulfonamida e 1% de dióxido de titânio) e quatro concentrações diferentes de BD e PT nas pastas base (40/0 - controle, 35/5, 30/10 e 20/20) com 60% de óxido de bismuto. Os cimentos foram avaliados quanto ao tempo de endurecimento, à solubilidade (24 h, 7, 14 e 28 dias), resistência à tração diametral e ao módulo de elasticidade. Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA um ou dois fatores e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (p<0,05). A adição de PT reduziu o tempo de endurecimento dos materiais testados. Após 24 horas os cimentos 40/0 e 35/5 apresentaram maior solubilidade que os demais e após 14 e 28 dias o cimento 20/20 foi o que apresentou menor solubilidade (p<0,05). Após 7 dias o grupo 20/20 estabilizou a sua solubilidade. O cimento 40/0 apresentou os maiores valores e o cimento 20/20 apresentou os menores valores de resistência à tração diametral e módulo de elasticidade (p<0,05). A adição de PT a cimentos à base de cálcio possibilita benefícios ao tempo de presa e solubilidade.


Assuntos
Propilenoglicóis/química , Materiais Restauradores do Canal Radicular/química , Ácido Salicílico/química , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Resistência à Tração
3.
J. oral res. (Impresa) ; 6(3): 61-63, Mar. 2017. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-907714

RESUMO

Abstract: Pulp tissue conditions such as infections have long been treated with calcium hydroxide (CaOH). In the last decade, use of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has gained ground. This study was carried out to comparatively evaluate the Ca release from CaOH powder with different vehicles and different types of MTA. Materials and Methods: 40 single rooted mandibular premolars were selected, decoronated and biomechanically prepared. They were randomly divided into four groups, consisting of 10 samples each. Root canals were packed with different preparations of CaOH and MTA. Calcium ion release was evaluated with an UV-spectrophotometer. Result: Amongst the CaOH preparations, using propylene glycol as a vehicle produced extended release of calcium ions (7.34 +/- 0.01) for a period of 14 days. Whereas, amongst MTA based products, MTA angelus produced the maximum release of calcium ions (2.42 +/- 0.010). A statistically significant difference was present between the four groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Propylene glycol mixed with CaOH powder, produces a higher and extended release of calcium ions compared to distilled water. MTA angelus produces consistent calcium ion release.


Assuntos
Agonistas dos Canais de Cálcio , Propilenoglicóis , Agentes de Capeamento da Polpa Dentária e Pulpectomia , Técnicas In Vitro , Solubilidade , Espectrofotometria
4.
Electron. j. biotechnol ; 18(2): 128-133, Mar. 2015. ilus, graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-745581

RESUMO

Background The production of biofuels from renewable energy sources is one of the most important issues in biotechnology today. The process is known to generate various by-products, for example glycerol that is obtained in the making of biodiesel from rapeseed oil. Crude glycerol may be utilized in many ways, including microbial conversion to 1,3-propanediol. The main drawback of that technology is the use of high concentrations of glycerol, which inhibits the growth of bacterial cells. Results This study investigated the impact of crude glycerol on Clostridium butyricum DSP1 and its ability to adapt to an environment of high osmotic pressure. It was found that a crude glycerol concentration of up to 70 g/L did not have an inhibitory effect on C. butyricum DSP1. Adaptation procedures involving the passage of metabolically active biomass from a fermentation medium with a lower concentration of crude glycerol to one with a greater substrate concentration allowed breaking the barrier of high osmotic pressure (150 g/L crude glycerol) and receiving a 1,3-PD concentration of 74 g/L in a batch culture operation. The work looked into intracellular modifications shown by proteomic profiling in order to explain the mechanisms underlying the response and adaptation of bacterial cells exposed to unfavorable environmental conditions. Conclusions This study of the effect of glycerol on the growth and metabolism of C. butyricum DSP1 demonstrated that the maximum substrate concentrations that do not inhibit the metabolic activity of bacterial cells are 90 g/L and 70 g/L for pure and crude glycerol, respectively.


Assuntos
Adaptação Fisiológica , Clostridium butyricum/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Clostridium butyricum/metabolismo , Glicerol/metabolismo , Pressão Osmótica , Propilenoglicóis , Estresse Fisiológico , Proteínas/análise , Meio Ambiente , Biocombustíveis , Fermentação , Técnicas de Cultura Celular por Lotes , Glicerol/análise
5.
Braz. dent. j ; 26(1): 66-68, Jan-Feb/2015. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-735832

RESUMO

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of an alcohol-based caries detector (Kurakay) on the surface tension of a conventional sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) preparation, and a product containing a surface-active agent (Chlor-XTRA). The surface tensions of the following solutions were tested: NaOCl, a mixture of NaOCl and Kurakay 9:1 w/w, Chlor-XTRA, a mixture of Chlor-XTRA and Kurakay 9:1 w/w. Ten measurements per test solution were made at 20 C, using an optical method called the "Pendant drop method", with a commercially available apparatus. The addition of Kurakay reduced the surface tension for NaOCl (p<0.05) whilst no significant difference was detected for Chlor-XTRA (p>0.05). Statistically significant differences between the NaOCl and Chlor-XTRA groups were found (p<0.05). The addition of an alcohol-based caries detector resulted in a reduction of the original surface tension values for NaOCl only. Taking into account the fact that mixtures of NaOCl and Kurakay have been used to assess the penetration of root canal irrigants in vitro, the related changes in surface tension are a possible source of bias.


O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de um detector de cárie com álcool (Kurakay) sobre a tensão superficial de um preparado convencional de hipoclorito de sódio (NaOCl) e um produto contendo um agente surfactante (Chlor-XTRA). Foram testadas as tensões superficiais das seguintes soluções: NaOCl, uma mistura de NaOCl e Kurakay na proporção de 9:1 em peso, Chlor-XTRA e um mistura de Chlor-XTRA e Kurakay na proporção de 9:1 em peso. Dez medidas foram feitas com cada solução, a 20 °C, utilizando um método óptico chamado "Método da gota pendente" (Pendant drop method) usando aparelhos disponíveis. Adição do Kurakay reduziu a tensão superficial do NaOCl (p<0,05), mas não houve diferença significante para Chlor-XTRA (p>0,05). Foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os grupos NaOCl e Chlor-XTRA (p<0,05). Adição de um detector de cárie com álcool resultou na diminuição do valor original da tensão superficial apenas para NaOCl. Considerando que as misturas de NaOCl e Kurakay tem sido usadas para estudar a penetração in vitro dos irrigantes radiculares, as diferenças acima são uma possível fonte de desvio nos resultados.


Assuntos
Etanol/química , Propilenoglicóis/química , Rodaminas/química , Irrigantes do Canal Radicular/química , Hipoclorito de Sódio/química , Tensoativos/química , Soluções , Tensão Superficial
6.
Electron. j. biotechnol ; 17(6): 322-328, Nov. 2014. graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-730265

RESUMO

Background The production of biofuels from renewable energy sources is one of the most important issues in industrial biotechnology today. The process is known to generate various by-products, for example crude glycerol, which is obtained in the making of biodiesel from rapeseed oil. Crude glycerol may be utilized in many ways, including microbial conversion to 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD), a raw material for the synthesis of polyesters and polyurethanes. Results The paper presents results of a study on the synthesis of 1,3-propanediol from crude glycerol by a repeated batch method with the use of Clostridium butyricum DSP1. Three cycles of fermentation medium replacement were carried out. The final concentration of 1,3-PD was 62 g/L and the maximum productivity, obtained during the second cycle, reached 1.68 g/L/h. Additionally, experiments conducted in parallel to the above involved using the entire quantity of the culture broth removed from the bioreactor to inoculate successive portions of fermentation media containing crude glycerol at concentrations of 80 g/L and 100 g/L. Under those conditions, the maximum 1,3-PD concentrations were 43.2 g/L and 54.2 g/L. Conclusions The experiments proved that by using a portion of metabolically active biomass as inoculum for another fermentation formula it is possible to eliminate the stage of inoculum growth and thereby reduce the length of the whole operation. Additionally, that strategy avoids the phase of microbial adaptation to a different source of carbon such as crude glycerol, which is more difficult to utilize, thus improving the kinetic parameters of 1,3-PD production.


Assuntos
Propilenoglicóis/metabolismo , Clostridium butyricum/metabolismo , Glicerol/metabolismo , Estresse Fisiológico , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Reatores Biológicos , Meio Ambiente , Biocombustíveis , Fermentação , Técnicas de Cultura Celular por Lotes
7.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 45(3): 892-901, July-Sept. 2014. ilus, graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-727018

RESUMO

In response to demand from industry for microorganisms with auspicious biotechnological potential, a worldwide interest has developed in bacteria and fungi isolation. Microorganisms of interesting metabolic properties include non-pathogenic bacteria of the genus Clostridium, particularly C. acetobutylicum, C. butyricum and C. pasteurianum. A well-known property of C. butyricum is their ability to produce butyric acid, as well as effectively convert glycerol to 1,3-propanediol (38.2 g/L). A conversion rate of 0.66 mol 1,3-propanediol/mol of glycerol has been obtained. Results of the studies described in the present paper broaden our knowledge of characteristic features of C. butyricum specific isolates in terms of their phylogenetic affiliation, fermentation capacity and antibacterial properties.


Assuntos
Biotecnologia/métodos , Ácido Butírico/metabolismo , Clostridium butyricum/metabolismo , Glicerol/metabolismo , Microbiologia Industrial , Propilenoglicóis/metabolismo , Biotransformação , Análise por Conglomerados , Clostridium butyricum/classificação , Clostridium butyricum/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Clostridium butyricum/isolamento & purificação , DNA Bacteriano/química , DNA Bacteriano/genética , DNA Ribossômico/química , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Filogenia , /genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA
9.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 72(9): 712-714, 09/2014. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-722147

RESUMO

Fingolimod is a new and efficient treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS). The drug administration requires special attention to the first dose, since cardiovascular adverse events can be observed during the initial six hours of fingolimod ingestion. The present study consisted of a review of cardiovascular data on 180 patients with MS receiving the first dose of fingolimod. The rate of bradycardia in these patients was higher than that observed in clinical trials with very strict inclusion criteria for patients. There were less than 10% of cases requiring special attention, but no fatal cases. All but one patient continued the treatment after this initial dose. This is the first report on real-life administration of fingolimod to Brazilian patients with MS, and one of the few studies with these characteristics in the world.


Fingolimode é um tratamento novo e eficaz para esclerose múltipla (EM). A administração desta droga requer atenção especial para a primeira dose, uma vez que eventos adversos cardiovasculares podem ser observados nas seis horas iniciais da ingestão de fingolimode. O presente estudo consistiu de uma revisão de dados cardiovasculares de 180 pacientes com EM ao receberem a primeira dose de fingolimode. A taxa de bradicardia nestes pacientes foi maior do que aquele observada em estudos clínicos que tem critérios de inclusão muito rigorosos para seleção de pacientes. Menos de 10% dos casos necessitou de atenção especial, mas não houve casos fatais. Todos os pacientes exceto por um continuaram o tratamento após esta dose inicial. Este é o primeiro relato de dados de administração de fingolimode na vida real de pacientes brasileiros com EM, e um dos poucos trabalhos com estas características no mundo.


Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Doenças Cardiovasculares/induzido quimicamente , Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Esclerose Múltipla/tratamento farmacológico , Propilenoglicóis/efeitos adversos , Esfingosina/análogos & derivados , Bradicardia/induzido quimicamente , Frequência Cardíaca/efeitos dos fármacos , Imunossupressores/administração & dosagem , Propilenoglicóis/administração & dosagem , Esfingosina/administração & dosagem , Esfingosina/efeitos adversos , Fatores de Tempo
10.
Electron. j. biotechnol ; 17(2): 72-78, Mar. 2014. ilus, graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-714275

RESUMO

Background 1,3-Propanodiol (1,3-PD), is used in the production of polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), an aromatic polyester that exhibits high elastic recoveries. It is also employed as a supplement with low solidification properties, a solvent and a lubricant in the formof propylene glycol. 1,3-PD is effectively synthesized by a microbiological way from crude glycerol. The main problem of this technology is using a high concentration of glycerol, which is a limiting factor for bacteria cells growth (especially in batch fermentation). Results In this work, the influence of different glycerol concentration in batch fermentation on Clostridium butyricum DSP1 metabolism was investigated. The biomass was concentrated for two times with the use of membrane module (in case of increasing kinetic parameters). Increased optical density of bacteria cells six times increased the productivity of 1,3-PD in cultivation with 20 g/L of glycerol at the beginning of the process, and more than two times in cultivation with 60-80 g/L. Also the possibility of complete attenuation of 140 g/L of crude glycerol in the batch fermentation was investigated. During the cultivation, changes of protein profiles were analyzed. The most significant changes were observed in the cultivation in the medium supplemented with 80 g/L of glycerol. They related mainly to the DNA protein reconstructive systems, protective proteins (HSP), and also the enzymatic catalysts connected with glycerol metabolic pathway. Conclusions The application of filtration module in batch fermentation of crude glycerol by C. butyricum DSP1 significantly increased the productivity of the process.


Assuntos
Propilenoglicóis/síntese química , Clostridium butyricum , Glicerol/metabolismo , Cinética , Biomassa , Meios de Cultura , Proteômica , Fermentação , Filtração/métodos , Proteínas de Choque Térmico
11.
Braz. dent. j ; 24(5): 477-481, Sep-Oct/2013. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-697631

RESUMO

This study evaluated the influence of the addition of cetrimide and polypropylene glycol to sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on its capacity to dissolve pulp tissue. Bovine pulp fragments with standardized weight and volume were immersed for 5, 15 and 30 min in 2 mL of NaOCl and Hypoclean (NaOCl added with cetrimide and polypropylene glycol) solutions at 5.25%, 2.5%, 1%, 0.5% and 0.25% and afterwards re-weighted. Distilled water was used as a control. The percentage of tissue loss was considered for statistical analysis (univariate ANOVA, SPSS, v. 17.0) at 5% significance level. There was no tissue dissolution in the control group. NaOCl added with surfactants (Hypoclean) dissolved more pulp tissue (p<0.05) than NaOCl alone. Tissue dissolution was directly dependent on the concentration of solutions (p<0.05), and also on the time range (p<0.05). The combination of NaOCl at high and low concentrations with the surfactants cetrimide and polypropylene glycol increased significantly its capacity to dissolve pulp tissue.


Este estudo avaliou a influência da adição de cetramida e polipropilenoglicol ao hipoclorito de sódio (Hypoclean) na capacidade de dissolução pulpar do hipoclorito de sódio (NaOCl). Fragmentos de tecido pulpar bovino, com peso e volume padronizados foram imersos por períodos de 5, 15 e 30 min em 2 mL de NaOCl ou Hypoclean nas concentrações 5,25%, 2,5%, 1%, 0,5% e 0,25%. Após a imersão nas soluções testadas, os fragmentos foram novamente pesados. Como controle, foi utilizada água destilada. O percentual de perda tecidual foi considerado para análise estatística (ANOVA univariada, SPSS, v. 17.0). Não houve dissolução tecidual no grupo controle. A solução de NaOCl combinada a surfactantes (Hypoclean) dissolveu um maior percentual de tecido pulpar (p<0,05) que o NaOCl sem associações. A dissolução tecidual foi diretamente dependente da concentração das soluções (p<0,05), assim como do tempo de exposição às soluções (p<0,05). A adição dos surfactantes cetramida e polipropilenoglicol ao NaOCl em concentrações altas e baixas aumentou significativamente sua capacidade de dissolução do tecido pulpar.


Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Compostos de Cetrimônio/química , Polpa Dentária/química , Polímeros/química , Propilenoglicóis/química , Hipoclorito de Sódio/química , Solubilidade
12.
Clinics ; 68(7): 1018-1027, jul. 2013. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-680698

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Available chemotherapy presents poor control over the development of metastatic melanoma. FTY720 is a compound already approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients with multiple sclerosis. It has also been observed that FTY720 inhibits tumor growth in vivo (experimental models) and in vitro (animal and human tumor cells). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of FTY720 on a metastatic melanoma model and in tumor cell lines. METHODS: We analyzed FTY720 efficacy in vivo in a syngeneic murine metastatic melanoma model, in which we injected tumor cells intravenously into C57BL/6 mice and then treated the mice orally with the compound for 7 days. We also treated mice and human tumor cell lines with FTY720 in vitro, and cell viability and death pathways were analyzed. RESULTS: FTY720 treatment limited metastatic melanoma growth in vivo and promoted a dose-dependent decrease in the viability of murine and human tumor cells in vitro. Melanoma cells treated with FTY720 exhibited characteristics of programmed cell death, reactive oxygen species generation, and increased β-catenin expression. In addition, FTY720 treatment resulted in an immunomodulatory effect in vivo by decreasing the percentage of Foxp3+ cells, without interfering with CD8+ T cells or lymphocyte-producing interferon-gamma. CONCLUSION: Further studies are needed using FTY720 as a monotherapy or in combined therapy, as different types of cancer cells would require a variety of signaling pathways to be extinguished. .


Assuntos
Animais , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamento farmacológico , Melanoma Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Propilenoglicóis/uso terapêutico , Esfingosina/análogos & derivados , Western Blotting , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Sobrevivência Celular , /efeitos dos fármacos , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais/métodos , Citometria de Fluxo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/secundário , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Melanoma Experimental/patologia , Melanoma Experimental/secundário , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio , Esfingosina/uso terapêutico , Fatores de Tempo
13.
J. appl. oral sci ; 20(4): 449-454, July-Aug. 2012. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-650622

RESUMO

There are several methods for identifying carious dentinal tissue aiming to avoid removal of healthy dentinal tissue. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to test different methods for the detection of carious dentinal tissue regarding the amount of carious tissue removed and the remaining dentin microhardness after caries removal. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The dentin surfaces of 20 bovine teeth were exposed and half of the surface was protected with nail polish. Cariogenic challenge was performed by immersion in a demineralizing solution for 14 days. After transverse cross-section of the crown, the specimens were divided into four groups (n=10), according to the method used to identify and remove the carious tissue: "Papacárie", Caries-detector dye, DIAGNOdent and Tactile method. After caries removal, the cross-sectional surface was included in acrylic resin and polished. In a microhardness tester, the removed dentin thickness and the Vickers microhardness of the following regions were evaluated: remaining dentin after caries removal and superficial and deep healthy dentin. RESULTS: ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05) were performed, except for DIAGNOdent, which did not detect the presence of caries. Results for removed dentin thickness were: "Papacárie" (424.7±105.0; a), Caries-detector dye (370.5±78.3; ab), Tactile method (322.8±51.5; bc). Results for the remaining dentin microhardness were: "Papacárie" (42.2±10.5; bc), Caries-detector dye (44.6±11.8; abc), Tactile method (24.3±9.0; d). CONCLUSIONS: DIAGNOdent did not detect the presence of carious tissue; Tactile method and "Papacárie" resulted in the least and the most dentinal thickness removal, respectively; Tactile method differed significantly from "Papacárie" and Caries-detector dye in terms of the remaining dentin microhardness, and Tactile method was the one which presented the lowest microhardness values.


Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Cárie Dentária/diagnóstico , Cárie Dentária/terapia , Dentina/química , Análise de Variância , Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos , Fluorescência , Testes de Dureza , Papaína , Propilenoglicóis , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Rodaminas , Propriedades de Superfície
14.
Clinics ; 67(7): 805-813, July 2012. ilus, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-645455

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: FTY720 modulates CD4+T cells by the augmentation of regulatory T cell activity, secretion of suppressive cytokines and suppression of IL-17 secretion by Th17 cells. To further understand the process of graft rejection/acceptance, we evaluated skin allograft survival and associated events after FTY720 treatment. METHODS: F1 mice (C57BL/6xBALB/c) and C57BL/6 mice were used as donors for and recipients of skin transplantation, respectively. The recipients were transplanted and either not treated or treated with FTY720 by gavage for 21 days to evaluate the allograft survival. In another set of experiments, the immunological evaluation was performed five days post-transplantation. The spleens, axillary lymph nodes and skin allografts of the recipient mice were harvested for phenotyping (flow cytometry), gene expression (real-time PCR) and cytokine (Bio-Plex) analysis. RESULTS: The FTY720 treatment significantly increased skin allograft survival, reduced the number of cells in the lymph nodes and decreased the percentage of Tregs at this site in the C57BL/6 recipients. Moreover, the treatment reduced the number of graft-infiltrating cells and the percentage of CD4+ graft-infiltrating cells. The cytokine analysis (splenocytes) showed decreased levels of IL-10, IL-6 and IL-17 in the FTY720-treated mice. We also observed a decrease in the IL-10, IL-6 and IL-23 mRNA levels, as well as an increase in the IL-27 mRNA levels, in the splenocytes of the treated group. The FTY720-treated mice exhibited increased mRNA levels of IL-10, IL-27 and IL-23 in the skin graft. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrated prolonged but not indefinite skin allograft survival by FTY720 treatment. This finding indicates that the drug did not prevent the imbalance between Tr1 and Th17 cells in the graft that led to rejection.


Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Camundongos , Rejeição de Enxerto/prevenção & controle , Sobrevivência de Enxerto/efeitos dos fármacos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Propilenoglicóis/uso terapêutico , Transplante de Pele/imunologia , Esfingosina/análogos & derivados , Linfócitos T Reguladores/efeitos dos fármacos , /efeitos dos fármacos , Citocinas/metabolismo , Citometria de Fluxo , Rejeição de Enxerto/imunologia , Sobrevivência de Enxerto/imunologia , Interleucinas/metabolismo , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Esfingosina/uso terapêutico , Linfócitos T Reguladores/imunologia , /imunologia
15.
Electron. j. biotechnol ; 14(6): 4-4, Nov. 2011. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-640521

RESUMO

The batch fermentation of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) by Klebsiella pneumoniae SU6 at different crude glycerol concentration (40-100 g l-1), pH (6.5-7.5) and temperature (31-40ºC) combined with two-phase pH-controlled strategy was investigated. Effect of feeding rate (0.10-0.15 L h-1) was studied in fed-batch fermentation. In batch fermentation, the optimal condition was 60 g l-1 crude glycerol, pH control at 6.5 and cultivation temperature at 37ºC. The maximum 1,3-PD of 20 g l-1, the yield of 0.34 g 1,3-PD g-1 glycerol consumed and the productivity of 1.25 g l-1 h-1 were achieved at 16 hrs cultivation. The by-products were acetic acid and succinic acid at 2.7 and 1.1 g l-1, respectively. Two-phase pH-controlled strategy gave better results (24.95 g l-1 1,3-PD and 1.78 g l-1 h-1 productivity) than constant pH-controlled strategy (20 g l-1 and 1.25 g l-1 h-1, respectively) at 16 hrs incubation. In fed-batch fermentation, the maximum 1,3-PD of 45.35 g l-1 was achieved at constant feeding rate of 0.1 L h-1. The yield and productivity were 0.44 g g-1 and 1.94 g l-1 h-1, respectively. The fed-batch fermentation with constant feeding at 0.1 L h-1 with two-phase pH-controlled strategy gave 2.2 folds higher 1,3 PD concentration than the batch fermentation with two-phase pH-controlled strategy. This demonstrated the great impact of combination of pH control and feeding strategies in fed-batch fermentation on enhancing 1,3-propanediol production.


Assuntos
Fermentação , Glicerol/metabolismo , Propilenoglicóis/metabolismo , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Reatores Biológicos , Meios de Cultura , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Temperatura
16.
Electron. j. biotechnol ; 14(4): 7-7, July 2011. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-640502

RESUMO

The gene dhaT from Klebsiella pneumoniae encoding 1,3-propanediol oxidoreductase (PDOR) was de novo synthesized by splicing overlap extension polymerase chain reaction (SOE-PCR) primarily according to Escherichia coli’s codon usage, as well as mRNA secondary structure. After optimization, Codon Adaptation Index (CAI) value was improved from 0.75 to 0.83, meanwhile energy of mRNA secondary structure was increased from -400.1 to -86.8 kcal/mol. This synthetic DNA was under control by phage T7 promoter in the expression vector pET-15b and transformed into the E. coli BL21 (DE3) strain. Inducers such as isopropyl beta-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG) and lactose were compared by activity at different inducing time. The activity of PDOR after codon optimized was 385.4 +/- 3.6 U/mL, which was almost 5-fold higher than wild type (82.3 +/- 1.5 U/ml) under the flask culture at 25ºC for 10 hrs. Then his-tagged enzyme was separated by using Ni-IDA column. The favorite environment for enzyme activity was at 5°C and pH 10.0, PDOR showed a certainly stability in potassium carbonate buffer for 2 hrs at diverse temperatures, enzyme activity was significantly improved by Mn2+.


Assuntos
Álcool Desidrogenase , Códon/genética , Escherichia coli/genética , Propilenoglicóis , Adaptação Fisiológica , Escherichia coli/enzimologia , Expressão Gênica , Genes Bacterianos , RNA Mensageiro , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos
17.
Acta odontol. latinoam ; 24(3): 240-244, 2011. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-668283

RESUMO

La pasta de hidróxido de calcio (Ca (OH)2) es utilizada como medicación intermedia, por sus propiedades biológicas y antibacterianas, disminuyendo clínicamente los síntomas entre sesiones. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la acción de disolución sobre el tejido pulpar de pastas de Ca(OH)2 en paredes denti -narias radiculares sin instrumentar, mediante Microscopio Electrónico de Barrido (MEB). Se utilizaron 21 dientes humanos unirradiculares recientemente extraídos, a los cuales se les eliminó la corona y se cortaron longitudinalmente en mitades. La pulpa se extrajo con pinza de algodón. Luego fueron divididas al azar en 7 grupos, al grupo control, no se le realizó ningún tratamiento; a los restantes grupos se les colocó lasdistintas pastas de Ca(OH)2; con solución fisiológica (n=6), con propilenglicol (n=6), con propilenglicol + paramonoclorofenol alcanforado (n=6), con hipoclorito de sodio (NaOCl)1 por ciento (n=6), con gluconato de chorhexidina (CHX) 1 por ciento(n=6) ycon solución iodada de ioduro de potasio (IKI) 0,1 por ciento / 0,2 por ciento(n=6). Las piezas se mantuvieron a 37ºC en condiciones de 100 por ciento de humedad durante 14 días. Luego se lavaron con ultrasonido durante 10 minutos y se fijaron con glutaraldehídopara ser observadas al microscopio electrónico de barrido (MEB). El porcentaje de restos orgánicos y pasta fueron evaluados me diante un score. Los datos se analizaron con el testde Kruskal- Wallis. Los grupos 1, 5 y 2 presentaron mayores porcentajes de limpieza con respecto a las demás pastas utilizadas (p<0.05), sin encontrarse diferencias significativasentre ellas (p>0.05). La pasta 3 mostró un porcentaje de un 5% de limpieza. Este trabajo mostró que las pastas de Ca(OH)2 con solución fisiológica, con CHX y propilenglicol fueron mas efectivas conrespecto a la acción de disolución sobre las células odontoblásticas de las paredes dentinarias.


Assuntos
Dentina/ultraestrutura , Hidróxido de Cálcio/química , Irrigantes do Canal Radicular/química , Clorexidina/química , Estudo de Avaliação , Propilenoglicóis/química , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura
18.
Acta odontol. latinoam ; 23(2): 124-128, Sept. 2010. graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-949649

RESUMO

This study evaluated the sealing ability of gray MTA-Angelus mixed with propyleneglycol in furcal perforations using a bacterial leakage test. Furcal perforations were created in 30 human mandibular molars using a size 3 round bur. The samples were divided randomly into 2 experimental groups (n=10) according to the mixing agent. In G1, the MTA powder was mixed with propyleneglycol, while distilled water was used in G2. A 3:1 powder-liquid ratio was used for both groups. The MTA was placed in the perforation with an MTA carrier and condensed with hand pluggers. Nonrepaired (n=5) and totally sealed (n=5) perforations served as positive and negative controls, respectively. Bacterial leakage was assessed daily for 30 days in a double-chamber apparatus with Enterococcus faecalis. Data were analyzed using Fisher exact test (p<0.05) for three leakage periods: 1st to 10th day (P1); 11th to 20th day (P2); and 21st to 30th day (P3). The positive control presented leakage in all specimens within the first 24 hours, while no leakage was observed in the negative control during the experimental period. Leakage was observed in five (50%) of the 10 samples of the propyleneglycol group (G1) and seven (70%) of the distilled water group (G2) by the 20th day, without significant difference between the groups in periods P1 and P2 (p=0.137). The leakage was significantly lower for G1 than G2 in period P3 (50% versus 100%, respectively, p=0.016). In this single aerobic bacterial leakage method, the use of propyleneglycol as a vehicle for gray MTAAngelus increased its sealing ability in furcal perforations at the end of the 30-day experimental period.


Este estudo avaliou a capacidade de selamento do MTA-Angelus cinza manipulado com propilenoglicol em perfuracoes de furca usando um teste de infiltracao bacteriana. Perfuracoes de furca foram criadas em 30 molares inferiores usando uma broca esferica numero 3. As amostras foram divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos experimentais (n=10) de acordo com o agente de manipulacao. Em G1, o po do MTA foi manipulado com propilenoglicol enquanto que a agua destilado foi utilizada no G2. A proporcao po-liquido de 3:1 foi usada para ambos os grupos. O MTA foi colocado na perfuracao com uma porta- MTA e condensado com condensadores manuais. Perfuracoes nao-reparadas (n=5) e totalmente impermeabilizadas (n=5) serviram como controle positivo e negativo, respectivamente. A infiltracao bacteriana foi verificada diariamente durante 30 dias em um aparato de dupla camara com Enterococcus faecalis. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste exato de Fisher (p<0,05) para tres periodos: 1o ao 10o dia (P1), 11o ao 20o dia (P2) e do 21o ao 30o dia (P3). O controle positivo apresentou infiltracao em todas as amostras nas primeiras 24 horas, enquanto nenhuma infiltracao foi observada no controle positivo durante o periodo experimental. Infiltracao foi observada em 5 (50%) das 10 amostras do grupo do propilenoglicol (G1) e 7 (70%) do grupo da agua destilada no 20o dia, sem diferenca significativa entre o grupos nos periodos P1 e P2 (p=0,0137). A infiltracao foi significantemente menor para G1 que para G2 no periodo P3 (50% versus 100%, respectivamente, p=0,016). Neste metodo de infiltracao de apenas uma bacteria aerobica, o uso do propilenoglicol como veiculo para o MTA-Angelus cinza aumentou sua capacidade de selamento em perfuracoes de furca no final do periodo experimental de 30 dias.


Assuntos
Humanos , Óxidos/farmacologia , Selantes de Fossas e Fissuras/farmacologia , Propilenoglicóis/farmacologia , Materiais Restauradores do Canal Radicular/farmacologia , Bismuto/farmacologia , Cimentos Dentários/farmacologia , Infiltração Dentária/microbiologia , Técnicas In Vitro , Silicatos
19.
Rev. Fac. Odontol. (B.Aires) ; 24(56/57): 17-19, 2009. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-585573

RESUMO

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la variación de los niveles de pH del hidróxido de calcio mezclado con distinta medicación intraconducto, utilizada como vehículo. Fueron empleados yodo, povidona, solución fisiológica, propilenglicol y clorofenol alcanforado y se comapraron entre sí en un lapso relatiamente prolongado, 21 días. Se mezcló el hidróxido de calcio con los diferentes vehículos, se cargó en tubos capilares no heparinizados, se sumergieron al mismo tiempo en frascos de 5 ml conteniendo agua destilada. Se realizaron en diferentes plazos mediciones del líquido con un peachímetro. Los resultados fueron volcados en la tabla corresondiente. Se realizó test de comparaciones múltiples de tukey que arrojó diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre yodo povidona y solución fisiológica, con mayor pH a favor de la primera en los plazos de este estudio.


Assuntos
Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Hidróxido de Cálcio/química , Irrigantes do Canal Radicular/química , Clorofenóis/química , Propilenoglicóis/química , Povidona-Iodo/química , Interpretação Estatística de Dados
20.
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: lil-536687

RESUMO

Normalmente uma formulação pode ser manipulada de diversas maneiras, devendo-se sempre optar pela técnica que forneça o produto mais estável e homogêneo. Alguns farmacêuticos a fim de facilitar e acelerar a manipulação dispersam a uréia em propilenoglicol antes de proceder a homogeneização da mesma no veículo, enquanto outros profissionais acreditam que essa técnica pode ocasionar instabilidade física no produto final e por isso acrescentam o veículo diretamente na uréia. Logo, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o comportamento reológico e a estabilidade física de formulações acrescidas de 10% de uréia manipuladas com, ou sem, a adição de propilenoglicol. Foi realizado o estudo de Estabilidade acelerada, com duração de 180 dias. As formulações foram armazenadas em temperatura ambiente (25ºC±2), geladeira (5ºC±2) e estufa (37ºC±2) e as leituras foram feitas nos tempos 24 horas (T1), 15 dias (T15) e 180 dias (T180), onde foram analisadas as características organolépticas, teste de centrífuga, determinação do pH, viscosidade e comportamento reológico. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo mostraram que a presença do propilenoglicol melhorou a estabilidade física da emulsão acrescida de uréia, a longo prazo.


Normally, an emulsion can be prepared in several ways, the method of choice invariably being the one that provides the most stable and homogeneous product. Some pharmamacists, in order to facilitate and accelerate the manipulation, disperse the urea in propylene glycol before proceeding to its homogenization in the vehicle, while others believe that this method can lead to physical instability in the final product and for that reason they add the vehicle directly to the urea. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the rheological behavior and the physical stability of formulations containing 10% urea, prepared with, or without, the prior addition of propylene glycol to the urea. An accelerated stability test was carried out over a period of 180 days. The formulations were stored at room temperature (25±2ºC), refrigerated (5±2ºC) and incubated at blood temperature (37±2ºC) and assessed after 24 hours (T1), 15 days (T15) and 180 days (T180), when the organoleptical characteristics, pH, viscosity and rheological behavior were recorded, along with data from the centrifuge test. The results showed that premixing the urea in propylene glycol improved the physical stability of the emulsion plus urea, in the long run.


Assuntos
Propilenoglicóis , Reologia , Ureia
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