Evaluation of serum prolidase enzyme activity and oxidative stress in patients with tinnitus / Avaliação da atividade da enzima sérica prolidase e do estresse oxidativo empacientes com zumbido

Abstract Introduction Tinnitus is defined as the perception of sound in the head or in the head in the absence of external sounds. The cause of tinnitus is still unknown. Objective We aimed to compare the serum levels of total oxidant status, total antioxidant status, serum prolidase enzyme activity and the oxidative stress index in patients with tinnitus to those of normal subjects. Methods Twenty five patients with tinnitus (mean age 34.3) and 25 healthy controls (mean age 37.2) were included in the study. Results Total oxidant status levels in the patient group were significantly higher than in the control group (p = 0.037). The mean total oxidant status value was 2.54 ± 0.95 mmoL/L in the patient group, and 2.06 ± 0.98 mmoL/L in the control group. The mean oxidative stress index level was 0.22 ± 0.10 AU in the patient group, while it was 0.17 ± 0.08 AU in the control group. Oxidative stress index was significantly higher in the patient group (0.026). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of total antioxidant status values (p = 0.838). The mean serum prolidase enzyme activity level was 202.74 ± 33.56 U/L in the patient group and 175.46 ± 42.68 U/L in the control group. Serum prolidase enzyme activity levels in the patient group were significantly higher than in the control group (0.040). Conclusion We detected that the total oxidant status, oxidative stress index and serum prolidase enzyme activity levels were higher in patients with tinnitus when compared to the healthy controls. This finding suggests that oxidative stress index and serum prolidase enzyme activity may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of tinnitus.

Resumo Introdução O zumbido é definido como a percepção de um som na cabeça na ausência de sons externos. A causa do zumbido ainda é desconhecida. Objetivo Comparar os níveis séricos do estado oxidante total, estado antioxidante total, atividade da enzima prolidase sérica e o índice de estresse oxidativo em pacientes com zumbido e em indivíduos normais. Método Foram incluídos no estudo 25 pacientes com zumbido (média de 34,3 anos) e 25 controles saudáveis (média de 37,2 anos). Resultados Os níveis do estado oxidante total no grupo de pacientes foram significantemente maiores do que no grupo controle (p = 0,037). O valor médio do estado oxidante total foi de 2,54 ± 0,95 mmoL/L no grupo de pacientes e de 2,06 ± 0,98 mmoL/L no grupo controle. O nível médio de índice de estresse oxidativo foi de 0,22 ± 0,10 AU no grupo de pacientes, enquanto no grupo controle foi de 0,17 ± 0,08 AU. O índice de estresse oxidativo foi significantemente maior no grupo de pacientes (0,026). Não houve diferença significante entre os grupos em relação aos valores do estado antioxidante total (p = 0,838). O nível médio de atividade da enzima prolidase sérica foi de 202,74 ± 33,56 U/L no grupo de pacientes e de 175,46 ± 42,68 U/L no grupo controle. Os níveis de atividade da enzima prolidase sérica no grupo de pacientes foram significantemente maiores do que no grupo controle (0,040). Conclusão Detectamos que os níveis de estado oxidante total, índice de estresse oxidativo e atividade da enzima prolidase sérica foram maiores nos pacientes com zumbido quando comparados aos controles saudáveis. Esse achado sugere que o índice de estresse oxidativo e a atividade da enzima prolidase sérica podem desempenhar um papel na etiopatogenia do zumbido.

Rectal application of argan oil improves healing of colorectal anastomosis in rats

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the possible effects of argan oil on the healing of colorectal anastomoses. Methods: I n Group 1 (sham), laparotomy was performed and the colon was mobilized. In the control (Group 2) and argan oil (Group 3) groups, colonic resection and anastomosis were applied. To the control and sham groups, 2 mL of 0.9% NaCl was administred rectally, and in the argan oil group, 2 mL/day argan oil was applied rectally for 7 days. Results: The mean bursting pressures of the argan oil and sham groups were significantly higher than the values in the control group. A significant difference was determined between the tissue hydroxyproline and prolidase levels of control group and other groups. Histopathologically, argan oil showed significant beneficial effects on colonic wound healing. In the argan oil and sham groups, the tissue malondialdehyde and fluorescent oxidation product levels were found to be lower and total sulfhydryl levels were higher than the control group. Conclusions: The rectally administered argan oil was observed to have significantly ameliorated wound healing parameters and exerted a significant antioxidant effect. This is the first study in the literature about the beneficial effects of argan oil on colorectal anastomoses.

Glutamine dipeptide supplementation improves clinical responses in patients with diabetic foot syndrome

ABSTRACT The effect of glutamine dipeptide (GDP) supplementation in patients with diabetic foot syndrome was evaluated. A total of 22 patients took part in the study. GDP was supplied in 10 g sachets, and was dissolved in water immediately before use, with ingestion once a day, after lunch or after dinner (20 g/day) over a period of 30 days. Quantification of foot insensitive areas, oxidative stress, blood cytokines, and biochemical, hematological and toxicological parameters was performed before and after GDP supplementation. We observed an increase in blood levels of interferon-α (P=0.023), interferon-γ (P=0.038), interleukin-4 (P=0.003), interleukin-6 (P=0.0025), interleukin-7 (P=0.028), interleukin-12 p40 (P=0.017), interleukin-13 (P=0.001), leukocytes (P=0.037), eosinophils (P=0.049), and typical lymphocytes (P<0.001) due to GDP administration. In addition, we observed a reduced number (P=0.048) of insensitive areas on the foot, and reduction (P=0.047) of fasting hyperglycemia. Patients also showed increased blood high density lipoprotein (P<0.01) and protein thiol groups (P=0.004). These favorable results were associated with the absence of renal and hepatic toxicity. These results are of clinical relevance, since supplementation with GDP over 30 days improved clinical responses in patients with diabetic foot syndrome.

Acute effect of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor on serum oxidative status and prolidase activities in men with erectile dysfunction

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the acute effect of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor on erectile dysfunction by evaluating serum oxidative status and prolidase activity. METHODS: Serum samples of 36 patients with erectile dysfunction and 30 control cases were analyzed for total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, and prolidase activity, before and after the administration of tadalafil citrate. RESULTS: Before and after tadalafil citrate administration, serum total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, and prolidase were 1.1+0.0 vs. 1.6 + 0.0 umol H2O2 Eq/L, 10.3+1.1 vs. 6.9 + 1.2 umol H2O2 Eq/L, and 236.4+19.5 vs. 228.2 + 19.2 U/L, respectively (p<0.0001 for all). CONCLUSIONS: Evaluation of serum oxidative status and prolidase activity confirmed the beneficial acute effects of PDE5 inhibitor in patients with erectile dysfunction.

Terapia basada en la incretina: una nueva propuesta en el tratamiento de la Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 / Incretin-based therapy: a new alternative for the treatment of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Los tratamientos para la diabetes tipo 2 suelen ser menos efectivos a lo largo del tiempo, tanto por una progresiva falla de la secreción de insulina por las células beta, como por diversos efectos adversos. En la presente nota se describe un grupo de nuevos fármacos que actúan a través de la via de la incretina, tanto los incretina-miméticos (análogos del péptido glucagon símil-1[GLP-1]) como el exenatide, como los inhibidores de la enzima que degrada la incretina, la dipeptidilpeptidasa-4 (DPP4). Ellos se indican cuando no se logra buen control glucémico a pesar de un tratamiento adecuado combinado de sulfonilureas y metformina. Las conclusiones de una reciente revisión sistemática son detalladas. Hacen falta estudios de farmacovigilancia adecuados de efectos adversos, especialmente entre los inhibidores de la DPP4, y estudios a más largo plazo, para determinar el rol de esta nueva clase de agentes en la diabetes tipo 2.