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1.
Infectio ; 25(2): 114-119, abr.-jun. 2021. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1250077

RESUMO

Resumen Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de sífilis, hepatitis B y virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana en una población privada de la libertad de un establecimiento carcelario masculino de Bogotá D.C.-Colombia en 2019. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal en un establecimiento carcelario masculino de Bogotá, se incluyeron personas privadas de la libertad, mayores de 18 años. Los sujetos fueron sometidos a pruebas de detección de anticuerpos contra el Treponema pallidum, Antígenos de Superficie contra hepatitis B (HBsAg) y Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH) y respondieron un cuestionario estructurado para la descripción de conductas de riesgo. Resultados: Participaron 447 sujetos, ubicados en 7 pabellones del establecimiento carcelario. La prevalencia de sífilis fue del 5.8% (IC95% 3.8 - 8.4), del 1.1% para VIH (IC95% 0.4 - 2.6), y del 0.45% para hepatitis B crónica (IC95% 0.05 - 1.6). Discusión: A pesar de que la prevalencia documentada para estas patologías es más alta que en la población general, los resultados son más bajos que los reporta dos en instituciones de condiciones similares en otras latitudes. Se recomienda que el establecimiento continúe desarrollando políticas de promoción y prevención de estas patologías dentro de su población.


Abstract Objective: To determine the prevalence of syphilis, hepatitis B and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the male prison population in Bogotá, Colombia in 2019. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a male prison center in Bogotá, in which sequential sampling, stratified by ward, included people deprived of liberty, over 18 years of age and who voluntarily agreed to participate in the investigation. Subjects underwent tests for antibodies to Treponema pallidum, Surface Antigens against hepatitis B (HBsAg) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and they answered a structured questionnaire for the description of risk behaviors. Results: A total of 447 subjects were included, belonging to 7 prison wards. The prevalence of syphilis was 5.8% (95% CI 3.8 - 8.4), 0.5% for chronic hepatitis B (95% CI 0.05 - 1.6) and 1.1% for HIV (95% CI 0.4 - 2.6). Discussion: Although the documented prevalence for these pathologies is higher than in the general population, the results are lower than those reported in other institutions with similar conditions in other latitudes. It is recommended that the institution continue to strengthen its policies for the promotion and prevention of these pathologies within its population.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sífilis , Prevalência , HIV , Hepatite B , Prisões , Colômbia , Políticas , Anticorpos , Antígenos de Superfície
2.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 54(2): e10197, 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1153509

RESUMO

Assays based on the flow cytometry technique allow a convenient analysis of multiple cellular parameters; however, their results should be interpreted cautiously due to a strong impact of confounding factors. Different techniques in cell culturing such as either enzymatic or mechanic detachment of adherent cells can heavily influence the structure of the cell membrane or presence of the surface antigens leading to strong false positive signals, and finally, substantial experimental bias. The aim of our study was to assess and compare the impact of cell harvesting methods (both enzymatic and non-enzymatic) on the apoptosis process and on the surface antigen cytometric analyses. We found significant differences in the quality of analysis in terms of the amount of detected surface markers determined by the detachment method. Our results demonstrated clearly how important it is to carefully choose the appropriate detachment method and may help to avoid mistakes in experiment planning. In conclusion, we recommend to adjust the detachment method to the type of analyzed markers (surface antigens or translocated phosphatidylserine).


Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Separação Celular/métodos , Apoptose , Proteínas de Membrana , Antígenos de Superfície , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Citometria de Fluxo
3.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 45(1): 23-31, Jan.-Feb. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-989975

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objectives: To ascertain the opinions of North American genitourinary (GU) experts regarding inclusion of technologies such as prostate - specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and C - 11 choline positron emission tomography (PET) into routine practice. Materials and Methods: A survey was distributed to North American GU experts. Questions pertained to the role of PSMA and C - 11 PET in PCa management. Participants were categorized as "supporters" or "opponents" of incorporation of novel imaging techniques. Opinions were correlated with practice patterns. Results: Response rate was 54% and we analyzed 42 radiation oncologist respondents. 17 participants (40%) have been in practice for > 20 years and 38 (90%) practice at an academic center. 24 (57%) were supporters of PSMA and 29 (69%) were supporters of C - 11. Supporters were more likely to treat pelvic nodes (88% vs. 56%, p < 01) and trended to be more likely to treat patients with moderate or extreme hypofractionation (58% vs. 28%, p = 065). Supporters trended to be more likely to offer brachytherapy boost (55% vs. 23%, p = 09), favor initial observation and early salvage over adjuvant radiation (77% vs. 55%, p = 09), and to consider themselves expert brachytherapists (69% vs. 39%, p = 09). Conclusions: There is a polarization among GU radiation oncology experts regarding novel imaging techniques. A correlation emerged between support of novel imaging and adoption of treatment approaches that are clinically superior or less expensive. Pre - existing biases among GU experts on national treatment - decision panels and leaders of cooperative group studies may affect the design of future studies and influence the adoption of these technologies in clinical practice.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico por imagem , Colina/metabolismo , Prova Pericial , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons combinada à Tomografia Computadorizada/métodos , Antígenos de Superfície/metabolismo , Padrões de Prática Médica , Entrevistas como Assunto , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Gradação de Tumores
4.
Acta cir. bras ; 34(2): e201900209, 2019. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-989056

RESUMO

Abstract Purpose: To explore the effect of milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) on sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SAKI). Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were randomized to control, sham, CLP, CLP+PBS, and CLP+rmMFG-E8 groups. SAKI was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Recombinant mouse MFG-E8 (rmMFG-E8) (20 μg/kg) or PBS (vehicle) was administered intraperitoneally. Blood, urine and renal tissue were collected at 24 h after CLP. Blood samples were tested for serum kidney injury biomarker and cytokines. Urine samples were collected to detect KIM-1, and NGAL. Real-time PCR was tested for Bax and Bcl-2. TUNEL staining was used to determine renal apoptosis. Western blot was used to detect the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and proteins in the NF-κB pathway. Results: MFG-E8 alleviated SAKI by decreasing serum Cre, BUN, urine KIM-1 and NGAL and by mitigating renal pathological changes significant (p < 0.05). IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly inhibited by MFG-E8 (p < 0.05). Apoptosis induced by SAKI was markedly suppressed by MFG-E8. Finally, MFG-E8 attenuated the activation of the NF-��B signaling pathway in SAKI. Conclusion: MFG-E8 has beneficial effects on SAKI, which may be achieved by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway.


Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , NF-kappa B/antagonistas & inibidores , Sepse/complicações , Substâncias Protetoras/uso terapêutico , Injúria Renal Aguda/prevenção & controle , Proteínas do Leite/uso terapêutico , Antígenos de Superfície/uso terapêutico , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Injúria Renal Aguda/etiologia , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL
5.
Clinics ; 73(supl.1): e586s, 2018. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-952840

RESUMO

Prostate cancer imaging has become an important diagnostic modality for tumor evaluation. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) has been extensively studied, and the results are robust and promising. The advent of the PET/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has added morphofunctional information from the standard of reference MRI to highly accurate molecular information from PET. Different PSMA ligands have been used for this purpose including 68gallium and 18fluorine-labeled PET probes, which have particular features including spatial resolution, imaging quality and tracer biodistribution. The use of PSMA PET imaging is well established for evaluating biochemical recurrence, even at low prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, but has also shown interesting applications for tumor detection, primary staging, assessment of therapeutic responses and treatment planning. This review will outline the potential role of PSMA PET/MRI for the clinical assessment of PCa.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico por imagem , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Glutamato Carboxipeptidase II , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons combinada à Tomografia Computadorizada/métodos , Antígenos de Superfície , Neoplasias da Próstata/sangue , Antígeno Prostático Específico/sangue , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/sangue , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico por imagem
6.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 26(4): 479-490, Oct.-Dec. 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-899306

RESUMO

Abstract Babesiosis is an economically important infectious disease affecting cattle worldwide. In order to longitudinally evaluate the humoral immune response against Babesia bovis and the merozoite surface antigen diversity of B. bovis among naturally infected calves in Taiaçu, Brazil, serum and DNA samples from 15 calves were obtained quarterly, from their birth to 12 months of age. Anti-B. bovis IgG antibodies were detected by means of the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to investigate the genetic diversity of B. bovis, based on the genes that encode merozoite surface antigens (MSA-1, MSA-2b and MSA-2c). The serological results demonstrated that up to six months of age, all the calves developed active immunity against B. bovis. Among the 75 DNA samples evaluated, 2, 4 and 5 sequences of the genes msa-1, msa-2b and msa-2c were obtained. The present study demonstrated that the msa-1 and msa-2b genes sequences amplified from blood DNA of calves positive to B. bovis from Taiaçu were genetically distinct, and that msa-2c was conserved. All animals were serologically positive to ELISA and IFAT, which used full repertoire of parasite antigens in despite of the genetic diversity of MSAs.


Resumo A babesiose é uma doença infecciosa economicamente importante que afeta o gado bovino em todo o mundo. Para avaliar longitudinalmente a resposta imune humoral contra B. bovis e a diversidade genética de antígenos de superfície de merozoítos de B. bovis, entre bezerros naturalmente infectados em Taiaçu, Brasil, amostras de soro e DNA de 15 bezerros, foram obtidos trimestralmente, desde o nascimento até aos 12 meses de idade. Os anticorpos IgG para B. bovis foram detectados pelos testes de Imunofluorescência Indireta e Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimático Indireto. A Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase foi utilizada para investigar a diversidade genética de B. bovis, com base em genes que codificam antígenos de superfície de merozoítos (MSA-1, MSA-2b e MSA-2c). Os resultados da sorologia demonstraram que até seis meses de idade todos os bezerros desenvolveram imunidade ativa contra B. bovis. Entre as 75 amostras de DNA avaliadas, foram obtidas 2, 4 e 5 sequências dos genes msa-1, msa-2b e msa-2c. O presente trabalho demonstrou que as sequências dos genes msa-1 e msa-2b amplificadas do DNA do sangue de amostras positivas a B. bovis de bezerros de Taiaçu foram geneticamente distintas, e msa-2c conservadas. Todos os animais foram soropositivos ao ELISA e ao IFAT, os quais utilizaram o repertório completo de antígenos parasitários, apesar da diversidade genética dos MSAs.


Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Bovinos , Babesiose/imunologia , Variação Genética , Doenças dos Bovinos/imunologia , Babesia bovis/imunologia , Merozoítos/imunologia , Imunidade Humoral , Antígenos de Superfície/genética , Brasil , Estudos Longitudinais
7.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 31: e53, 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-952104

RESUMO

Abstract Peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF) is a reactive lesion of oral tissues, associated with local factors such as trauma or presence of dental biofilm. POF treatment consists of curettage of the lesion combined with root scaling of adjacent teeth and/or removal of other sources of irritants. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and pathological features of POF and to investigate the immunoexpression of Osterix and STRO-1 proteins. Data such as age, gender, and size were obtained from 30 cases of POF. Microscopic features were assessed by conventional light microscopy using hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical markers, and by polarized light microscopy using Picrosirius red staining. The age range was 11-70 years and 70% of the patients were female. Moreover, the size of POF varied from 0.2 to 5.0 cm; in 43.33% of the cases, the mineralized content consisted exclusively of bony trabeculae. The immunohistochemical analysis showed nuclear staining for Osterix in 63% and for STRO-1 in 20% of the cases. Mature collagen fibers were observed in mineralized tissue in 76.67% of the cases. The clinical and microscopic features observed were in agreement with those described in the literature. Osterix was overexpressed, while STRO-1 was poorly expressed. Osterix was expressed particularly in cells entrapped in and around mineralized tissue, indicating the presence of a stimulus that triggers the differentiation of these cells into osteoblasts or cementoblasts, i.e., cells that produce mineralized tissue. Based on our results, Osterix may play a role in the pathogenesis of POF.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Fatores de Transcrição/fisiologia , Neoplasias Ósseas/patologia , Fibroma Ossificante/patologia , Antígenos de Superfície/fisiologia , Osteoblastos/patologia , Fatores de Transcrição/análise , Imuno-Histoquímica , Diferenciação Celular , Colágeno/análise , Fator de Transcrição Sp7 , Gengiva/patologia , Microscopia de Polarização , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Antígenos de Superfície/análise
8.
Acta cir. bras ; 31(12): 821-825, Dec. 2016. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-837663

RESUMO

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To evaluate the Adipose Stem Cells (ACS) therapy efficacy on the time and quality of wound healing process in rats. METHODS: Nine male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into three groups I) 7 days of healing; II) 14 days of healing; III) 21 days of healing. Four incisions were made on the dorsal surface of each rat and then treated with intralesional ACS, meloxicam, and no treatment and ACS+meloxicam. Macroscopic evaluation was measured by percentage of healing and histopathological by hematoxylin-eosin was performed. RESULTS: All groups have the wound reduced during the three weeks (p<0.001) and after 14 days of healing had greater reduction than others. Wounds treated with ASC had accelerated healing in relation to no treatment and only meloxicam (p<0.001), excepting the ASC+Meloxicam that was similar (p=0.13). There was no difference in histopathological analysis between lesions. CONCLUSION: Adipose stem cell have benefits in reducing time of healing of experimental model of wound in rats, observed 7 days of after application.


Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Células-Tronco/fisiologia , Cicatrização/fisiologia , Ferimentos e Lesões/terapia , Tecido Adiposo/citologia , Transplante de Células-Tronco , Resultado do Tratamento , Ratos Wistar , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Antígenos de Superfície
9.
Rev. colomb. gastroenterol ; 31(4): 347-353, oct.-dic. 2016. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-960030

RESUMO

Introducción: la infección oculta por el virus de la hepatitis B (VHB) se caracteriza por la presencia del genoma viral en suero y/o tejido hepático de individuos negativos para el antígeno de superficie HBsAg. La infección oculta se ha asociado con el desarrollo de cirrosis y carcinoma hepatocelular. Objetivo: identificar casos de infección oculta por el VHB en pacientes con diagnóstico de cirrosis y carcinoma hepatocelular, sometidos a trasplante hepático. Materiales y métodos: entre febrero de 2013 y marzo de 2014 fueron obtenidas muestras de explante hepático provenientes de pacientes con diagnóstico de cirrosis y/o carcinoma hepatocelular. Se detectó el genoma del VHB mediante amplificación de tres regiones del genoma viral (S, Core y X). Las muestras positivas se confirmaron por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) en tiempo real para la región S. Resultados: se analizaron 15 muestras de tejido hepático, y en dos (13,3%) se detectó el genoma del VHB mediante PCR anidada para la región S y por PCR semianidada para la región X, resultado confirmado por PCR en tiempo real. Estas muestras provenían de pacientes negativos para los marcadores serológicos de infección por el VHB, anti-HBc y anti-HBs. Conclusión: la frecuencia de infección oculta reportada en este estudio es similar a lo reportado en Brasil en muestras de biopsias obtenidas de pacientes con hepatitis crónica. Estudios adicionales son necesarios para estimar la frecuencia de infección oculta por VHB (OBI) en pacientes con hepatopatías terminales en Colombia


Introduction: Occult hepatitis B virus infection is characterized by the presence of the viral genome in serum and/or liver tissue from individuals who test negative for the HBsAg surface antigen. Occult infection has been associated with the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify cases of occult hepatitis B virus infection in patients with cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing liver transplantation. Materials and methods: Between February 2013 and March 2014 hepatic explant samples were obtained from patients with cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular carcinoma. The hepatitis B virus genome was detected by amplification of three regions of the viral genome (S, Core and X). Positive samples were confirmed by real-time PCR for the S region. Results: Fifteen hepatic tissue samples were analyzed. The genome of the hepatitis B virus was detected in two (13.3%) samples by nested PCR for the S region and by semi-nested PCR for region X. The results were confirmed by real-time PCR. These samples came from patients who had tested negative for anti-HBc and anti-HBs serological markers for hepatitis B virus infection. Conclusion: The frequency of occult infection reported in this study is similar to that reported in Brazil in biopsy specimens obtained from patients with chronic hepatitis. Additional studies are needed to estimate the frequency of occult hepatitis B in patients with end-stage liver disease in Colombia


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Vírus da Hepatite B , Transplante de Fígado , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B , Infecções , Diagnóstico , Hepatopatias , Antígenos de Superfície
10.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2016. xvi, 68 p. ilus, map, graf.
Tese em Português | LILACS | ID: biblio-971510

RESUMO

INTRODUCÃO: A complexa diversidade genética do Plasmodium falciparum é emparte responsável pela evasão da resposta imune do hospedeiro, pelo surgimentoda resistência aos fármacos e pela dificuldade no desenvolvimento de uma vacinaanti-malárica eficaz. Estudos sobre a biologia deste parasito se concentramfundamentalmente em áreas holo e hiperendêmicas de malária na Áfricasubsaariana. Trabalhos realizados na região Amazônica, ainda são escassos no quese refere à diversidade genética de populações naturais de P. falciparum. Esteestudo analisou a diversidade genética de P. falciparum isolados de indivíduosprovenientes da região do médio rio Negro, Amazonas utilizando como alvo o geneque codifica para a proteína de superfície do merozoíta 2. METODOLOGIA: Oestudo foi realizado em Barcelos, um município de alto risco epidemiológico paramalária com uma média anual de 5.000 casos nos últimos cinco anos (IPAmédio=156,4/1000). Foram avaliadas 79 amostras isoladas de indivíduos queapresentaram malária clínica ou infecção assintomática. Os DNAs genômicosextraídos foram submetidos à reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) para aconfirmação do diagnóstico de infecção pelo P. falciparume em seguida foi feita umaPCR-nested, para amplificação da região do bloco 3 do gene msp2 paradiferenciação das famílias alélicas (3D7 e FC27) e a diversidade intra-família foiobservada após digestão com a enzima HinfI. RESULTADOS: Só foi encontrada afamilia 3D7 nas amostras estudadas. Dois diferentes genótipos foram encontradoscirculando na área, caracterizados pela combinação dos fragmentos 16 pb, 108 pb,349 (genotipo 1) e 16 pb, 108 pb, 400pb (genotipo 2). Foi observado que só doisindivíduos com malária clinica portavam os dois genótipos simultaneamente...


INTRODUCTION: The complex genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum is partlyresponsible for the evasion of the host immune response, the emergence of drugresistance and the difficulty in developing an effective anti-malarial vaccine. Studieson the biology of this parasite are mainly concentrated in holo and hyperendemicmalaria areas in sub-Saharan Africa. Research in the Amazon region, is scarce inrelation to the genetic diversity of natural populations of P. falciparum. This studyanalyzed the genetic diversity of P. falciparum isolates from individuals of the MiddleRio Negro, Amazon in Brazil, using the gene coding for the merozoite surface protein2 (MSP2). METHODOLOGY: The study was conducted in Barcelos, a malaria highepidemiological risk municipality, with an annual average of 5,000 cases in the lastfive years (mean IPA = 156.4 / 1000). We evaluated 79 samples isolated fromsubjects presenting clinical malaria or asymptomatic infection. The extracted genomicDNA was subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to confirm the diagnosis ofinfection with P. falciparum. A PCR-nested was made for amplification of the genemsp2 block 3 region for differentiation of allelic families (3D7 and FC27); intrafamilydiversity was observed after digestion with the enzyme HinfI. RESULTS: Only family3D7 was observed in the samples. Two different genotypes were found circulating inthe area, characterized by the combination of fragments 16 bp, 108 bp, 349(genotype 1) and 16 bp, 108 bp, 400bp (genotype 2). It was observed that only twoindividuals with clinical malaria carried two genotypes simultaneously...


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Plasmodium falciparum , Variação Genética , Antígenos de Superfície , Merozoítos
11.
Med. lab ; 22(7-8): 389-397, 2016. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-907815

RESUMO

Antígeno de superficie de hepatitis B Hepatitis B surface antigenCódigo SCPC (Sociedad Colombiana de Patología Clínica):58900. Código CUPS (Codificación Única de Procedimientos en Salud): 906317. Sección: infecciosas. Nivel de complejidad: alto. Metodología: inmnunoanálisis quimioluminiscente de micropartículas (CMIA). Sinónimos: antígeno australiano, HBsAg, Ag-HBs. DefiniciónLa prueba de detección cualitativa del antígeno de superficie del virus de la hepatitis B (HBsAg) consiste en un inmunoanálisis quimioluminiscente de micropartículas (CMIA), realizado a partir de muestras de suero y plasma humano, utilizado como ayuda en el diagnóstico de la infección por el virus de la hepatitis B.Espectro clínico de aplicación El virus de la hepatitis B (VHB) es un virus ADN, envuelto, perteneciente a la familia Hepadnaviridae y agente etiológico de la hepatitis sérica tipo B. Este virus consta de cuatro serotipos principales (adr, adw, ayr y ayw) y ocho genotipos (A-H). Los principales antígenos del virus son el antígeno de superficie (HBsAg), marcador esencial en el diagnóstico de la infección, el antígeno del core (HBcAg), que no puede ser detectado en el suero pues está fijado al hepapatocito, y el antígeno e (HBeAg), asociado a la elevada replicación viral y contagiosidad; cada uno de los cuales origina una respuesta mediada por anticuerpos tipo inmunoglobulinas M o G (véase figura 1).


Assuntos
Humanos , Antígenos , Antígenos de Superfície , Hepatite B
12.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 48(11): 1032-1038, Nov. 2015. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-762904

RESUMO

Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) is an opsonin involved in the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), apoptotic cell clearance is defective. However, whether aberrant MFG-E8 expression is involved in this defect is unknown. In this study, we examined the expression of MFG-E8 in COPD patients. MFG-E8, interleukin (IL)-1β and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β levels were measured in the plasma of 96 COPD patients (93 males, 3 females; age range: 62.12±10.39) and 87 age-matched healthy controls (85 males, 2 females; age range: 64.81±10.11 years) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Compared with controls, COPD patients had a significantly lower plasma MFG-E8 levels (P<0.01) and significantly higher plasma TGF-β levels (P=0.002), whereas there was no difference in plasma IL-1β levels between the two groups. Moreover, plasma MFG-E8 levels decreased progressively between Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) I and GOLD IV stage COPD. Multiple regression analysis showed that the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1 % predicted) and smoking habit were powerful predictors of MFG-E8 in COPD (P<0.01 and P=0.026, respectively). MFG-E8 was positively associated with the FEV1 % predicted and negatively associated with smoking habit. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.874 (95% confidence interval: 0.798-0.95; P<0.01). Our findings demonstrated the utility of MFG-E8 as a marker of disease severity in COPD and that cigarette smoke impaired MFG-E8 expression in these patients.


Assuntos
Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Antígenos de Superfície/sangue , Apoptose/fisiologia , Proteínas do Leite/sangue , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/sangue , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Volume Expiratório Forçado , Interleucina-1beta/sangue , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/epidemiologia , Análise de Regressão , Curva ROC , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Fumar/sangue , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/sangue
13.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 113(5): 411-418, oct. 2015. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-757062

RESUMO

Introducción. Existen evidencias de la asociación de determinantes sociales con la salud infantil. Objetivo. Identificar características sociodemográficas asociadas a desigualdades en la salud infantil y evaluar el efecto acumulado sobre la salud de factores de riesgo basados en estas características. Población y métodos. Evaluamos niños de 4-13 años, de Bariloche, entre junio de 2008 y mayo de 2009. Características sociodemográficas consideradas: nivel socioeconómico, educación materna, embarazo adolescente, cobertura médica, inseguridad y hábitos familiares. Valoramos la percepción parental de la salud física y socioemocional, el estado nutricional y la salud bucal en relación con dichas características y con la acumulación de factores de riesgo. Utilizamos encuesta, antropometría y examen bucal. Resultados. Participaron 180 escolares. El nivel educativo materno se asoció con la salud física, socioemocional y bucal del niño. El porcentaje de niños con piezas faltantes o caries fue 77% entre aquellos cuyas madres, como máximo, habían completado el primario, comparado con 13% entre aquellos cuyas madres habían completado estudios terciarios/universitarios. La posibilidad de percepción de salud física y socioemocional no óptima aumentó con cada factor de riesgo 1,8 y 1,4 veces, respectivamente, y la posibilidad de caries o piezas faltantes se duplicó con cada factor de riesgo adicional. El 27,3% de los escolares presentó sobrepeso y el 8,7%, obesidad, y no se encontró asociación con características sociodemográficas. Conclusiones. El bajo nivel socioeconómico familiar y educativo materno se asoció con una mayor prevalencia de resultados de salud desfavorables. Múltiples factores de riesgo tienen un efecto acumulado sobre la percepción parental de la salud física y socioemocional y la salud bucal.


Introduction. There is evidence of an association between social determinants and child health. Objective. To identify sociodemographic characteristics related to child health inequalities and to analize the cumulative effect on health of risk factors based on these characteristics. Population and Methods. We evaluated 4-13 year-old children in Bariloche between June 2008 and May 2009. The following sociodemographic characteristics were taken into account: socioeconomic level, maternal education, adolescent pregnancy, medical coverage, unsafeness, and family habits. We assessed parental perception of physical, and social and emotional health, nutritional status and oral health in relation to these characteristics and the accumulation of risk factors. We used survey, anthropometry and oral examination. Results. One hundred and eighty students participated. The level of maternal education was associated with the child's physical, social and emotional, and oral health. The percentage of children with missing teeth or cavities reached 77% among those whose mothers had, at most, completed primary school, compared to 13% among those whose mothers had completed tertiary school or university. The possibility of perceiving a non-optimal physical, and social and emotional health increased 1.8 and 1.4 times with each risk factor, respectively, and the possibility of having missing teeth or cavities was twice as much with each additional risk factor. Overweight and obesity was observed in 27.3% and 8.7% of students, respectively, and no relationship was found with sociodemographic characteristics. Conclusions. A low family socioeconomic level and a low maternal education level were associated with a higher prevalence of unfavorable health outcomes. Multiple risk factors have an cumulative effect on parental perception of physical, social and emotional, and oral health.


Assuntos
Humanos , Transformação Celular Viral/genética , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Transcriptoma , Antígenos de Superfície/genética , Antígenos de Superfície/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Transformada , Proliferação de Células , Células Cultivadas , Citometria de Fluxo , Expressão Gênica , Genes Virais , Genótipo , /genética , Leucócitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Leucócitos Mononucleares/virologia , Transcrição Gênica , Latência Viral
14.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 24(2): 148-154, Apr-Jun/2015. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-750757

RESUMO

Neosporosis is a disease caused by the protozoon Neospora caninum that leads to significant economic losses in many countries. In the present study, we report on use of the recombinant protein NcSRS2 of N. caninum expressed in Pichia pastoris in an indirect immunoenzymatic assay (ELISA) for diagnosing neosporosis infection in sheep and dogs. We observed that the ELISA test yielded specificity of 94.5% and sensitivity of 100% for sheep and specificity of 93.3% and sensitivity of 100% for dogs. We observed that the sensitivity was higher than shown by the indirect fluorescent antibody test, and this was confirmed by means of Western blot. The results from this study suggest that the recombinant protein expressed in P. pastoris is a suitable antigen for use in immunodiagnosis to detect N. caninum in two important species exposed to this parasitosis.


A neosporose é uma doença causada pelo protozoário Neospora caninum que leva a perdas econômicas importantes em muitos países. No presente estudo, é descrita a utilização da proteína recombinante NcSRS2 de N. caninum expressa em Pichia pastoris em um ensaio imunoenzimático indireto (ELISA) para o diagnóstico de infecção por Neospora em ovelhas e cães. Observou-se, que utilizando-se um ELISA, o teste produziu uma especificidade de 94,5% e uma sensibilidade de 100% para ovinos; e uma especificidade de 93,3% e sensibilidade de 100% para cães. Uma maior sensibilidade foi observada em relação à IFI que foi confirmada por Western blot. Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que a proteína recombinante expressa em P. pastoris é bom antígeno para ser utilizado no diagnóstico imunológico para detectar N. caninum em duas espécies importantes expostas a esta parasitose.


Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Infecções Protozoárias em Animais/sangue , Doenças dos Ovinos/sangue , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Proteínas de Protozoários/sangue , Neospora/imunologia , Doenças do Cão/parasitologia , Doenças do Cão/sangue , Antígenos de Protozoários/sangue , Antígenos de Superfície/sangue , Pichia/metabolismo , Infecções Protozoárias em Animais/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Ovinos/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Ovinos/parasitologia , Ovinos , Proteínas de Protozoários/biossíntese , Proteínas de Protozoários/imunologia , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Antígenos de Protozoários/biossíntese , Antígenos de Protozoários/imunologia , Antígenos de Superfície/biossíntese , Antígenos de Superfície/imunologia
15.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 37(1): 10-15, 01/2015. tab
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: lil-732872

RESUMO

OBJETIVOS: Verificar se a presença de agentes infecciosos no conteúdo vaginal ou cervical pode alterar os resultados dos testes da proteína-1 fosforilada ligada ao fator de crescimento insulina-símile (phIGFBP-1) e das medidas do comprimento do colo uterino (CC) pela ultrassonografia transvaginal. MÉTODOS: Um total de 107 gestantes com antecedente de prematuridade espontânea foram submetidas ao teste da phIGFBP-1 e à realização da ultrassonografia transvaginal para medida do comprimento do colo uterino, a cada três semanas, entre 24 e 34 semanas. As infecções genitais foram pesquisadas imediatamente antes da realização dos testes. As pacientes foram distribuídas em quatro grupos (GA, GB, GC e GD) e dentro de cada grupo foi avaliada a correlação entre infecção genital e alteração nos testes utilizando a análise das razões de chance (OR) e o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. RESULTADOS: Em cada grupo, mais de 50% das pacientes apresentaram infecção genital (GA 10/17; GB 28/42; GC 15/24; GD 35/53), sendo a vaginose bacteriana a principal alteração de flora vaginal. O resultado positivo para phIGFBP-1 (GA 10/10; GB 18/28; GC 15/15; GD 19/35) e CC≤20 mm (GA 10/10; GB 20/28; GC 10/15; GD 20/35) foram os resultados encontrados com maior frequência nas pacientes com infecção genital em todos os grupos. Porém, aplicando o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson foi identificada correlação entre infecção genital e positividade para os marcadores. CONCLUSÃO: A presença de alteração da flora vaginal e de outras infecções genitais não alteram significativamente os resultados do teste da phIGFBP-1 e da medida do colo uterino quando comparados aos casos sem infecção. No entanto, é necessária ...


PURPOSE: To determine if the presence of infectious agents in vaginal or cervical content can alter the results of the insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (phIGFBP-1) test and the measurement of cervical length (CC) by transvaginal ultrasonography. METHODS: A total of 107 pregnant women with a history of spontaneous preterm birth were submitted to the phIGFBP-1 test and to measurement of CC by transvaginal ultrasonography every 3 weeks, between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation. Genital infections were determined immediately before testing. The patients were distributed into four groups (GA, GB, GC, and GD) and the correlation between genital infection and changes in the tests was determined within each group based on the odds ratio (OR) and the Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: In each group, over 50% of the patients had genital infections (GA 10/17; GB 28/42; GC 15/24; GD 35/53), with bacterial vaginosis being the main alteration of the vaginal flora. Positive results for phIGFBP-1(GA 10/10; GB 18/28; GC 15/15; GD 19/35) and CC≤20 mm (GA 10/10; GB 20/28; GC 10/15; GD 20/35) were obtained more frequently in patients with genital infection in all groups. Nonetheless, when applying the Pearson correlation coefficient we detected a poor correlation between genital infection and positivity for markers. CONCLUSION: The presence of changes in the vaginal flora and of other genital infections does not significantly alter the results of phIGFBP-1 and the measurement of cervical length when compared to cases without infection. However, more studies with larger samples are necessary to confirm these results. .


Assuntos
Humanos , Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Células Precursoras Eritroides/citologia , Fenilacetatos/farmacologia , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Antígenos de Superfície/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/metabolismo , Fatores de Ligação de DNA Eritroide Específicos , Células Precursoras Eritroides/efeitos dos fármacos , Citometria de Fluxo , Fator de Transcrição GATA1 , Globinas/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Células Tumorais Cultivadas
16.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 109(8): 978-983, 12/2014. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-732610

RESUMO

The Global Program for the Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF) aims to eliminate this disease by the year 2020. However, the development of more specific and sensitive tests is important for the success of the GPELF. The present study aimed to standardise polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based systems for the diagnosis of filariasis in serum and urine. Twenty paired biological urine and serum samples from individuals already known to be positive for Wuchereria bancrofti were collected during the day. Conventional PCR and semi-nested PCR assays were optimised. The detection limit of the technique for purified W. bancrofti DNA extracted from adult worms was 10 fg for the internal systems (WbF/Wb2) and 0.1 fg by using semi-nested PCR. The specificity of the primers was confirmed experimentally by amplification of 1 ng of purified genomic DNA from other species of parasites. Evaluation of the paired urine and serum samples by the semi-nested PCR technique indicated only two of the 20 tested individuals were positive, whereas the simple internal PCR system (WbF/Wb2), which has highly promising performance, revealed that all the patients were positive using both samples. This study successfully demonstrated the possibility of using the PCR technique on urine for the diagnosis of W. bancrofti infection.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , DNA de Helmintos/isolamento & purificação , Filariose Linfática/diagnóstico , Microfilárias/isolamento & purificação , Wuchereria bancrofti/isolamento & purificação , Antígenos de Superfície/sangue , Antígenos de Superfície/urina , Filariose Linfática/sangue , Filariose Linfática/urina , Limite de Detecção , Microfilárias/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/normas , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Wuchereria bancrofti/genética
17.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 47(10): 886-894, 10/2014. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-722168

RESUMO

Administration or expression of growth factors, as well as implantation of autologous bone marrow cells, promote in vivo angiogenesis. This study investigated the angiogenic potential of combining both approaches through the allogenic transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) expressing human basic fibroblast growth factor (hbFGF). After establishing a hind limb ischemia model in Sprague Dawley rats, the animals were randomly divided into four treatment groups: MSCs expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP-MSC), MSCs expressing hbFGF (hbFGF-MSC), MSC controls, and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) controls. After 2 weeks, MSC survival and differentiation, hbFGF and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, and microvessel density of ischemic muscles were determined. Stable hbFGF expression was observed in the hbFGF-MSC group after 2 weeks. More hbFGF-MSCs than GFP-MSCs survived and differentiated into vascular endothelial cells (P<0.001); however, their differentiation rates were similar. Moreover, allogenic transplantation of hbFGF-MSCs increased VEGF expression (P=0.008) and microvessel density (P<0.001). Transplantation of hbFGF-expressing MSCs promoted angiogenesis in an in vivo hind limb ischemia model by increasing the survival of transplanted cells that subsequently differentiated into vascular endothelial cells. This study showed the therapeutic potential of combining cell-based therapy with gene therapy to treat ischemic disease.


Assuntos
Animais , Humanos , Masculino , Extremidades/irrigação sanguínea , /metabolismo , Expressão Gênica , Isquemia/fisiopatologia , Transplante de Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/metabolismo , Neovascularização Fisiológica/fisiologia , Antígenos de Superfície/análise , Células da Medula Óssea/metabolismo , Diferenciação Celular , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Proteínas de Fluorescência Verde , Isquemia/terapia , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/citologia , Músculo Esquelético/irrigação sanguínea , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Transplante Homólogo , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo
18.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 47(8): 662-669, 08/2014. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-716275

RESUMO

Regulatory T (TREG) cells play an important role in maintaining immune tolerance and avoiding autoimmunity. We analyzed the expression of membrane molecules in TREG and effector T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). TREG and effector T cells were analyzed for the expression of CTLA-4, PD1, CD28, CD95, GITR, HLA-DR, OX40, CD40L, and CD45RO in 26 patients with active disease, 31 with inactive disease, and 26 healthy controls. TREG cells were defined as CD25+/highCD127Ø/lowFoxP3+, and effector T cells were defined as CD25+CD127+FoxP3Ø. The ratio of TREG to effector T cells expressing GITR, PD1, HLA-DR, OX40, CD40L, and CD45RO was determined in the three groups. The frequency of TREG cells was similar in patients with SLE and controls. However, SLE patients had a decreased frequency of CTLA-4+TREG and CD28+TREG cells and an increased frequency of CD40L+TREG cells. There was a decrease in the TREG/effector-T ratio for GITR+, HLA-DR+, OX40+, and CD45RO+ cells, and an increased ratio of TREG/effector-T CD40L+ cells in patients with SLE. In addition, CD40L+TREG cell frequency correlated with the SLE disease activity index (P=0.0163). In conclusion, our findings showed several abnormalities in the expression of functionally critical surface molecules in TREG and effector T cells in SLE that may be relevant to the pathogenesis of this disease.


Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Antígenos de Superfície/metabolismo , Leucócitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/imunologia , Linfócitos T Reguladores/imunologia , Análise de Variância , /análise , /análise , /análise , /análise , /análise , Citometria de Fluxo , Fatores de Transcrição Forkhead/análise , Proteína Relacionada a TNFR Induzida por Glucocorticoide/análise , Antígenos HLA-DR/análise , /análise , /análise , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/metabolismo , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/fisiopatologia , Receptor de Morte Celular Programada 1/análise , /análise , Estatísticas não Paramétricas
20.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 109(1): 70-79, 02/2014. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-703644

RESUMO

Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen (Ag)-presenting cells that activate and stimulate effective immune responses by T cells, but can also act as negative regulators of these responses and thus play important roles in immune regulation. Pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been shown to cause defective DC differentiation and maturation. Previous studies have demonstrated that the addition of VEGF to DC cultures renders these cells weak stimulators of Ag-specific T cells due to the inhibitory effects mediated by VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1) and/or VEGFR2 signalling. As the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is recognised as an important negative regulator of immune responses, this study aimed to investigate whether VEGF affects the expression of IDO by DCs and whether VEGF-matured DCs acquire a suppressor phenotype. Our results are the first to demonstrate that VEGF increases the expression and activity of IDO in DCs, which has a suppressive effect on Ag-specific and mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation. These mechanisms have broad implications for the study of immunological responses and tolerance under conditions as diverse as cancer, graft rejection and autoimmunity.


Assuntos
Humanos , Proliferação de Células/fisiologia , Células Dendríticas/efeitos dos fármacos , /metabolismo , Linfócitos/fisiologia , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/farmacologia , Apoptose , Antígenos de Superfície/biossíntese , Técnicas de Cultura de Células , Células Cultivadas , Diferenciação Celular/fisiologia , Células Dendríticas/metabolismo , Células Dendríticas/ultraestrutura , Tolerância Imunológica/fisiologia , /genética , Leucócitos Mononucleares/fisiologia , Monócitos/citologia , Monócitos/ultraestrutura , Necrose , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Transdução de Sinais/imunologia
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