Mapa de evidências sobre a efetividade clínica da acupuntura: informe executivo. / Evidence map on clinical effectiveness of acupuncture: executive report

Este informe executivo apresenta os principais achados do mapa de evidências sobre os efeitos da Acupuntura para desfechos em saúde, que representa a evidência de 163 estudos de revisão que analisaram o efeito da acupuntura como intervenção para pelo menos um dos 96 desfechos de saúde organizados em 14 grupos: Câncer e Neoplasias; Dor; Doenças Cardiovasculares; Doenças Respiratórias; Doenças Reumáticas e Musculoesqueléticas; Doenças Nutricionais, Metabólicas e Endócrinas; Doenças do Sistema Nervoso; Dermatopatias; Gastroenteropatias; Indicadores Metabólicos e Fisiológicos; Oftalmopatias e Otorrinolaringopatias; Sinais e Sintomas; Transtornos Mentais; e Outros desfechos. No todo foram 201 associações entre acupuntura e os desfechos de saúde. Para cada associação intervenção-desfecho foi incluído o efeito reportado pelo estudo de revisão.

This executive report presents the main findings of the evidence map on the effects of acupuncture for health outcomes, representing evidence from 163 review studies that analyzed the effect of acupuncture as an intervention for at least one of the 96 health outcomes organized into 14 groups: Cancer and Neoplasms; Pain; Cardiovascular Diseases; Respiratory Diseases; Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases; Nutritional, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases; Diseases of the Nervous System; Dermatopathies; Gastroenteropathies; Metabolic and Physiological Indicators; Ophthalmopathies and Otorhinolaryngopathies; Signs and Symptoms; Mental Disorders; and Other outcomes. In total, there were 201 associations between acupuncture and health outcomes. For each intervention-outcome association, the reported effect by the review study was included.

Este informe ejecutivo presenta los principales hallazgos del mapa de evidencia sobre los efectos de la acupuntura en los resultados de salud, representando la evidencia de 163 estudios de revisión que analizaron el efecto de la acupuntura como intervención para al menos uno de los 96 resultados de salud organizados en 14 grupos: Cáncer y Neoplasias; Dolor; Enfermedades Cardiovasculares; Enfermedades Respiratorias; Enfermedades Reumáticas y Musculoesqueléticas; Enfermedades Nutricionales, Metabólicas y Endocrinas; Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso; Dermatopatías; Gastroenteropatías; Indicadores Metabólicos y Fisiológicos; Oftalmopatías y Otorrinolaringopatías; Signos y Síntomas; Trastornos Mentales; y Otros resultados. En total, hubo 201 asociaciones entre la acupuntura y los resultados de salud. Para cada asociación intervención-resultados se incluyó el efecto informado por el estudio de revisión.

Discovery of drugs to combat covid-19 inspired by traditional Chinese medicine / Descubrimiento de medicamentos para combatir la covid-19 inspirados en la medicina tradicional china

Abstract Contributions from traditional knowledge and history have proven useful in recent years to advance drug discovery. In response to the emergence of covid-19, scientists revisited traditional Chinese medicine. This source of inspiration for drugs to treat this new disease is described here at three different levels: traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, traditional Chinese medical formulas, and traditional Chinese medical texts. Drug discovery inspired by traditional Chinese medicine still faces serious resistance for various reasons, including its system of formulas and clinical trial design. A perspective that includes related issues would benefit the reasonable application of traditional knowledge in drug research and development.

Resumen Las contribuciones del conocimiento tradicional y la historia han demostrado ser útiles en los últimos años para avanzar en el descubrimiento de los medicamentos. En respuesta a la aparición de covid-19, los científicos revisaron la medicina tradicional china. Esta fuente de inspiración de los medicamentos para tratar esta nueva enfermedad se describe aquí en tres niveles diferentes: hierbas medicinales chinas tradicionales, fórmulas médicas chinas tradicionales y textos médicos chinos tradicionales. El descubrimiento de fármacos inspirado en la medicina tradicional china aún enfrenta serias resistencias por varias razones, incluido su sistema de fórmulas y el diseño de ensayos clínicos. Una perspectiva que incluya cuestiones conexas beneficiaría la aplicación razonable de los conocimientos tradicionales en la investigación y el desarrollo de fármacos.

Research on Anti-inflammatory Targets and Mechanisms of alkaloids in Picrasma quassioides Benn Through Network Pharmacology

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of Picrasma quassioides Benn against inflammation by means of network pharmacology. The paper will provide a reference for multi-target and multi-channel treatment of inflammation with traditional Chinese medicine. Through screening and analysis, 11 active ingredients and 109 anti-inflammation prediction targets were obtained and constructed a compound-target network. The targets such as VEGFA, TLR4 and STAT3 may play a crucial role. Network enrichment analysis showed that the 109 potential targets constitute a number of pathways or inflammatory reactions closely related to inflammation, including NF-κB signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway. The docking results indicated that the binding energy of Picrasidine Y and the inflammatory factors VEGFA is the highest. This study predicted the role of multiple active compounds in the alkaloids of Picrasma in the inflammatory response, and provided a theoretical basis for the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Picrasma

Influence of small-group experiential learning of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine on the oral health knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors of elderly patients with diabetes

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at the oral health problems of elderly patients with diabetes. A training course of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine was constructed, helping patients improve their oral health quality of life. METHODS: A randomized controlled prospective experimental study was conducted. A total of 190 elderly patients were divided randomly into an observation group and a control group with 95 cases in each. The control group received regular health education, while the observation group was based on the control group to implement the integrated experiential learning of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in small groups. The oral health knowledge, attitude, behavior, and blood glucose control status along with the oral health quality of life of the two groups were compared before the intervention and at 3-month postintervention. RESULTS: Three months after the intervention, the fasting blood glucose control and the 2-h postprandial blood glucose/glycosylated hemoglobin levels in the observation group were significantly better than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The oral health quality of life in the observation group was significantly better than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The small-group experiential learning model of integrated Chinese and Western medicine can promote the transformation of knowledge-beliefs-behaviors in elderly patients with diabetes, which is conducive to controlling blood sugar levels and improving the quality of oral health.

Acupuntura na Atenção Primária à Saúde: referenciais tradicional e médico-científico na prática cotidiana / Acupuncture in Primary Health Care: traditional and medical-scientific approaches in everyday practice / Acupuntura en la Atención Primaria de la Salud: referenciales tradicional y médico-científico en la práctica cotidiana

A acupuntura é a prática integrativa e complementar mais utilizada nos países ocidentais e com maior institucionalização nos sistemas públicos de saúde. Considerando que a medicina chinesa/acupuntura foi absorvida pela prática biomédica na diáspora de seu conhecimento para o Ocidente, questiona-se se suas características autóctones de cuidado continuam presentes na sua aplicação clínica na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Investigou-se qual referencial de cuidado orientava todos os profissionais com formação em Acupuntura (n = 21) da rede básica de saúde de Campinas/SP, Brasil. Todos os entrevistados foram formados nos métodos tradicionais da Acupuntura, atuavam por meio desse referencial, diferenciavam-no da Biomedicina. A acupuntura foi considerada eficaz para atender à integralidade das demandas de cuidado e para a diminuição do uso de fármacos. Porém, constataram-se significativas dificuldades estruturais na oferta da prática da acupuntura.(AU)

Acupuncture is the most used integrative and complementary practice in western countries and is widely incorporated into public health systems. Considering that Chinese medicine/acupuncture was absorbed by biomedical practice during the diaspora of this type of knowledge in the West, we question whether its autochthonous care characteristics remain present in its clinical application in primary health care. We investigated which care approach guides professionals with training in acupuncture (n = 21) working in primary care services in Campinas/SP, Brazil. All the interviewees trained in traditional methods of acupuncture adopted this approach, differentiating it from biomedicine. Acupuncture was considered effective in meeting the demands of comprehensive care and reducing the use of pharmaceuticals. However, the respondents reported significant structural difficulties in providing acupuncture in primary care services.(AU)

La acupuntura es la práctica integradora y complementaria más utilizada en los países occidentales y con mayor institucionalización en los sistemas públicos de salud. Considerando que la medicina china/acupuntura fue absorbida por la práctica biomédica en la diáspora de su conocimiento hacia el occidente, se cuestiona si sus características autóctonas de cuidado continúan presentes en su aplicación clínica en la atención primaria de la salud (APS). Se investigó cuál era el referente de cuidado que orientaba a todos los profesionales con formación en acupuntura (n = 21) de la red básica de salud de Campinas/SP, Brasil. Todos los entrevistados se habían formado en los métodos tradicionales de la acupuntura, actuaban por medio de este referente y lo diferenciaban de la biomedicina. La acupuntura se consideró eficaz para atender la integralidad de las demandas de cuidado y para la disminución del uso de fármacos. Sin embargo, se constataron significativas dificultades estructurales en la oferta de la práctica de la acupuntura.(AU)

Immunomodulatory effects of Blaps rynchopetera extract

Purpose: To explore the potential immunomodulatory effects of total extract and different polar parts from Blaps rynchopetera Fairmaire. Methods: Phagocytic activity was evaluated by neutral red assay, and the effect of the immune function was investigated by normal and immunocompromised mice models. Results: In vitro, total extract, as well as chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water fractions could individually enhance the phagocytic ability of mouse peritoneal macrophages; in addition, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions had an increasing tendency when combined stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In vivo, ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) could enhance the immune organ index, increase the serum hemolysin level and peripheral blood immune cells of immunocompromised mice, while for normal mice, the effect was inconspicuous. Conclusions: Blaps rynchopetera extracts had noteworthy immunomodulatory effect, especially for individuals with immune disorders.

The neuroprotective effects of Lutongkeli in traumatic brain injury rats by anti-apoptosis mechanism

Purpose: To explore the neuroprotective effects of Lutongkeli (LTKL) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and detect the related mechanism. Methods: TBI model was established with LTKL administration (2 and 4 g/kg/d, p.o.). Motor function of rats was examined by Rotarod test. Nissl staining was used to show neuron morphology. Furthermore, the disease-medicine common targets were obtained with the network pharmacology and analyzed with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Lastly, the predicted targets were validated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: After LTKL administration, neural behavior was significantly improved, and the number of spared neurons in brain was largely increased. Moreover, 68 bioactive compounds were identified, corresponding to 148 LTKL targets; 2,855 genes were closely associated with TBI, of which 87 overlapped with the LTKL targets and were considered to be therapeutically relevant. Functional enrichment analysis suggested LTKL exerted its pharmacological effects in TBI by modulating multiple pathways including apoptosis, inflammation, etc. Lastly, we found LTKL administration could increase the mRNA level of Bcl-2 and decrease the expression of Bax and caspase-3. Conclusions: This study reported the neuroprotective effect of LTKL against TBI is accompanied with anti-apoptosis mechanism, which provides a scientific explanation for the clinical application of LTKL in the treatment of TBI.

Tanshinone IIA ameliorates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats by regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and Th17 cells differentiation

Purpose: Tanshinone IIA is a well-known lipophilic active constituent refined from traditional Chinese medicines, danshen. It has been previously demonstrated to possess various biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, promoting angiogenesis effect and so on. However, the mechanism of tanshinone IIA on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI/RI) remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of tanshinone IIA on MI/RI. Methods: MI/RI rat models were set up. Echocardiographic evaluation and hematoxylin and eosin staining were performed to analyze the cardiac function and morphology of MI/RI. Western blot was conducted for the detection of protein expression of pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) and caspase-1 in heart tissues. Flow cytometry and real-time polymerase chain reaction were used for the detection of proinflammatory cytokines and Th17 cells differentiation. Results: We found that tanshinone IIA alleviated the myocardial damage of MI/RI, ameliorated the overall and local inflammatory reaction, and produced a cardioprotective effect by inhibiting of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and Th17/Treg cells differentiation. Conclusions: Our results highlighted the cardio-protective effect of tanshinone IIA on MI/RI and uncovered its underlying mechanism related to the NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition and the modulation of Th17/Treg cells differentiation.

A Network Pharmacological Approach to Explore the Mechanisms of TongXieYaoFang in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the intestine, demonstrating an increasing incidence every year. TongXieYaoFang (TXYF) has been used widely in China as a complementary therapy to relieve the symptoms of IBD for hundreds of years. In the present research, a network pharmacology-based approach was used to systematically explore the intrinsic mechanisms of TXYF in IBD at the molecular level. Network pharmacology-based methods, which mainly included database mining, screening of bioactive compounds, target prediction, collection of IBD-related targets, gene enrichment analysis, network construction, and molecular docking, were employed in the present study. Network analysis revealed a total of 108 potential targets derived from 22 component compounds of TXYF, among which 34 targets were common with the IBD-related targets. In the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, 10 key targets were identified. The gene enrichment analysis suggested that anti-inflammatory processes, such as NF-kappa B signaling pathway and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, could be the core processes involved in the action of TXYF in IBD. Molecular docking results revealed that three compounds present in TXYF exhibited strong binding affinity for PTGS2. The present study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms and network approaches of TXYF action in IBD from a systemic perspective. The potential targets and pathways identified in the present study would assist in further research on the clinical application of TXYF in IBD therapy.

Erding formula and bioactive markers in hyperuricemia: towards rational scientific approaches for the modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Introduction: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) represents one of the first holistic approaches in the world to treat and prevent disease. Herbal medicine is one of the major therapeutic remedy in TCM. It often involves multi-herb therapies instead of single herb preparations. Parallel to western medicine, hundreds of herbal formulas have been made available as finished products. Currently, the use of herbal products is popular as treatment option or to complement western medicine. Indications of the herbal formulas were established by TCM terms such as heat-clearing and/or detoxifying which lack modern pharmacological meanings. It is difficult for people without relevant background to understand such terms and their implications for treatments. Furthermore, due to the quality control issues of herbal medicines which contain multiple constituents, consumers may be confronted with the risk of using unstandardized products. Hence, in this thesis, the modernization of TCM is discussed through employing scientific pharmaceutical approaches to a traditional formula, called Erding formula (EF). The aim was to investigate if a new indication, hyperuricemia, can be assigned to a heat-clearing and detoxifying formula. Our hypothesis was: Can Erding formula be used for hyperuricemia treatment and is esculetin a bioactive marker for this new indication? Methods: A hypoxanthine and potassium oxonateinduced hyperuricemic mouse model, a xyleneinduced inflammatory mouse model, and an acetic acidinduced pain model were used to investigate EF and its constituent herbs. The quantity of esculetin was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. The therapeutic effect of esculetin was assessed using potassium oxonate induced hyperuricemic mouse model, and esculetin and its metabolites were characterized in serum via ultra-performance liquid chromatographyquadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. To develop a modern dosage form, a laboratory-scale wet bead milling approach was employed to prepare esculetin nanocrystals. The formulation was further optimized by design of experiment, and an optimized formulation was then characterized for its saturation solubility and short-term stability. Results: The study showed that EF and Viola yedoensis Makino (Viola) lowered uric acid (UA) levels, while EF and all four individual herbs had antiinflammatory and analgesic activities. These findings revealed that EF was able to treat hyperuricemia and suggested that Viola was the main herb in EF on reducing UA levels. The study showed that esculetin significantly reduced UA levels and six metabolites of esculetin were identified in serum. This confirms that esculetin was absorbed and is a suitable bioactive and quality control marker for EF in hyperuricemia treatment. An esculetin-Povacoat nanocrystal formulation with a 200 nm particle size was successfully prepared. The formulation presented up to a 1.5-fold increase in saturation solubility compared to the bulk esculetin and it was stable for 180 days. Conclusion: The studies proved that Erding formula can be used for hyperuricemia treatment with esculetin as bioactive quality control marker. As well, a new nano-sized formulation of the bioactive marker, esculetin, was created. This presented the possibility to develop an innovative nanotechnological product of the active substances derived from herbal medicine. The findings facilitated a better understanding of TCM terms and concept through mechanistic scientific experiments. This study revealed a potential pathway and an idea to modernize TCM without setting aside its unique concepts. This might increase the global acceptance of TCM products. Furthermore, the TCM concept might be useful in the development of multi-component drug products

Medicina Tradicional Chinesa (MTC) representa uma das primeiras abordagens holísticas em âmbito global para tratar e prevenir doenças. A fitoterapia consiste na principal terapia na MTC. Frequentemente, envolve terapias com múltiplas ervas em vez de preparações individuais. Paralelamente à medicina ocidental, centenas de fórmulas herbais foram disponibilizadas como produtos acabados. Atualmente, o uso de produtos fitoterápicos é popular como opção de tratamento ou para complementar a medicina ocidental. As indicações das fórmulas fitoterápicas foram estabelecidas pelos termos da MTC, tais como "limpeza pelo calor e / ou desintoxicante", que não têm significados farmacológicos modernos. É difícil para a população em geral e mesmo para profissionais sem histórico relevante na área entender tais termos e suas implicações para os tratamentos. Além disso, devido às questões de controle de qualidade dos medicamentos fitoterápicos que contêm múltiplos constituintes, os pacientes podem ser confrontados com o risco de usar produtos não padronizados. Assim, nessa tese, a modernização da MTC é discutida por meio da utilização de abordagens farmacêuticas científicas para uma fórmula tradicional, denominada fórmula de Erding (FE). O objetivo foi o de investigar se uma nova indicação, a hiperuricemia, pode ser atribuída a uma fórmula desintoxicante e de compensação de calor. Nossa hipótese foi: a fórmula de Erding pode ser usada para tratamento de hiperuricemia e a esculetina é um marcador bioativo para essa nova indicação? Foi empregado modelo de camundongo hiperuricêmico induzido por hipoxantina e oxonato de potássio, outro modelo de camundongo inflamatório induzido por xileno e, adicionalmente, modelo de dor induzida por ácido acético. Esses modelos foram usados para investigar a FE e suas ervas constituintes. A quantidade de esculetina foi determinada por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência. O efeito terapêutico da esculetina foi avaliado utilizando modelo de camundongo hiperuricêmico induzido por oxonato de potássio, e a esculetina e seus metabólitos foram caracterizados no soro por cromatografia líquida de alto desempenho - espectrometria de massa. Para desenvolver forma farmacêutica moderna, uma abordagem de moagem em escala úmida reduzida foi empregada tendo em vista a preparação de nanocristais de esculetina. A formulação foi ainda otimizada empregado planejamento experimental. Essa fórmula foi caracterizada quanto à sua solubilidade de saturação e estabilidade a curto prazo. O estudo mostrou que a FE e a Viola yedoensis Makino (Viola) reduziram os níveis de ácido úrico (AU), enquanto a FE e as quatro plantas individuais apresentaram atividades antiinflamatória e analgésica. Esses resultados revelaram que a FE foi capaz de tratar a hiperuricemia e sugeriu que a viola foi a principal erva da FE na redução dos níveis de AU. O estudo mostrou também que a esculetina reduziu significativamente os níveis de AU e os seis metabólitos da esculetina foram identificados no soro. Tal resultado confirma que a esculetina foi absorvida e pode ser usada como marcador de controle bioativo e de qualidade para FE, no tratamento da hiperuricemia. A formulação de nanocristais de esculetin-povacoat® apresentou tamanho de partícula de 200 nm. A formulação apresentou aumento de 1,5 vezes na solubilidade de saturação em comparação com a esculetina em escala micrométrica e manteve-se estável durante 180 dias. Os estudos comprovaram que a fórmula de Erding pode ser utilizada no tratamento da hiperuricemia empregando a esculetina como marcador bioativo de controle de qualidade. Além disso, foi desenvolvida formulação inovadora, em escala nanométrica, do marcador bioativo, a esculetina. Esse resultado permitiu desenvolver produto com base nanotecnológica das substâncias ativas derivadas do fitoterápico, assim comol permitiram melhor compreensão dos termos e dos conceitos da MTC por meio de experimentos científicos mecanicistas. Esse estudo revelou potencial para a modernização da MTC sem excluir seus conceitos únicos. Isso pode aumentar a aceitação global dos produtos MTC. Além disso, o conceito de MTC pode ser útil no desenvolvimento de medicamentos de múltiplos componentes

Research on Molecular Mechanism of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi against Osteoporosis based on Network Pharmacology

Abstract TCMSP platform of systematic pharmacology of traditional Chinese medicine This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (NZZ, Chinese abbreviation) against osteoporosis (OP) by means of network pharmacology.ChemDraw Professional 15.1 software and Molinspiration Smiles database were used to draw the chemical formulas of the components. The active ingredients and related target proteins of NZZ were searched in platform of systematic pharmacology of traditional Chinese medicine database, Drugbank, Therapeutic Target Database, SymMap and other databases. Gene Ontology(GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were carried out on the selected target through Enrichr and KEGG Automatic Annotation databases, and their mechanism was studied. A total of 29 compounds and 140 corresponding targets, including 14 key targets and 14 protein factors in protein-protein interaction core network were obtained. The key targets were tumor necrosis factor(TNF), interleukin(IL)-6R and sestrogen receptor alpha. The number of GO items was 466 (P<0.05), including 399 items of biological process (BP), 54 items of cell composition (MF) and 13 items of molecular function (CC). KEGG pathway enrichment screened 85 signaling pathways (P<0.05), including the IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, advanced glycation end products and their receptors signaling pathway and cAMP signaling pathway. The active ingredients of NZZ. exert their anti-OP effects through multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways, which can provide new evidence for further study of their anti-OP mechanism.

Immune function of zhenqi fuzheng capsule on volleyball players after high intensity training / Função imunitária da cápsula zhenqi fuzheng em jogadores de voleibol após treinamento de alta intensidade / Efecto de la cápsula zhenqi fuzheng sobre la función inmune de los jugadores de voleibol después del entrenamiento de alta intensidad

ABSTRACT At present, many studies have proved that proper exercise can promote the immune function of human body to a certain extent, but athletes need a lot of high-intensity sports training, and their immune function declines instead of improving. In order to control the decline of immune function of athletes after high-intensity training, this study propose the Zhenqi Fuzheng capsule to achieve this goal. Through experimental comparison, the parameters such as white blood cell content, immunoglobulin number, T lymphocyte, human hemoglobin content and exercise exhaustion time were detected after high-intensity training. The results showed that compared with the control group taking Zhenqi Fuzheng, the weight of those who had taken qifuzhengs capsule did not change, and the content of white blood cells, immunoglobulin, hemoglobin content and exercise time increased to a certain extent. The results showed that Zhenqi Fuzheng could inhibit the decrease of body immune function after high-intensity exercise, then accelerate the recovery of human immune function. This study is expected to enhance the immunity of sports athletes, and reduce athletes' pain after high-intensity training.

RESUMO Atualmente, muitos estudos prova que exercícios adequados podem promover a função imunológica do corpo humano em certa medida, mas os atletas precisam de muito treinamento esportivo de alta intensidade, e sua função imunológica diminui em vez de melhorar. A fim de controlar o declínio da função imunológica dos atletas após treinamento de alta intensidade, este estudo propôs a administração da cápsula Zhenqi Fuzheng para alcançar esse objetivo. Através de comparação experimental, foram detectados parâmetros como o teor de glóbulos brancos, imunoglobulina, linfócitos T, hemoglobina humana e tempo de exaustão do exercício após treinamento de alta intensidade. Os resultados mostraram que, em comparação com o grupo controle que tomou a cápsula Zhenqi Fuzheng, o peso daqueles que tinham tomado a cápsula de qifuzheng não se alterou, e o teor de glóbulos brancos, imunoglobulina, hemoglobina e o tempo de exercício aumentaram em certa medida. Os resultados mostraram que a cápsula Zhenqi Fuzheng poderia inibir a diminuição da função imunológica corporal após exercícios de alta intensidade, e acelerar a recuperação da função imunológica humana. Espera-se que este estudo possa aumentar a imunidade dos atletas e reduzir a dor dos atletas após treinamento alta intensidade para fornecer uma certa referência.

RESUMEN Actualmente, muchos estudios prueban que ejercicios adecuados pueden promover la función inmunológica del cuerpo humano en cierta medida, pero los atletas precisan mucho entrenamiento deportivo de alta intensidad, y su función inmunológica disminuye en vez de mejorar. A fin de controlar la declinación de la función inmunológica de los atletas después del entrenamiento de alta intensidad, este estudio propuso la administración de la cápsula Zhenqi Fuzheng para alcanzar ese objetivo. Por medio de comparación experimental, fueron detectados parámetros como el tenor de glóbulos blancos, inmunoglobulina, linfocitos T, hemoglobina humana y tiempo de agotamiento del ejercicio después de entrenamiento de alta intensidad. Los resultados mostraron que, en comparación con el grupo control que tomó la cápsula Zhenqi Fuzheng, el peso de aquellos que habían tomado la cápsula de qifuzheng no se alteró, y el tenor de glóbulos blancos, inmunoglobulina, hemoglobina y el tiempo de ejercicio aumentaron en cierta medida. Los resultados mostraron que la cápsula Zhenqi Fuzheng podría inhibir la disminución de la función inmunológica corporal después de ejercicios de alta intensidad, y acelerar la recuperación de la función inmunológica humana. Se espera que este estudio pueda aumentar la inmunidad de los atletas y reducir el dolor después de entrenamiento de alta intensidad para proveer una cierta referencia.

Application of chen yuangao in the treatment of soft tissue injury of football players / Aplicação de chen yuangao no tratamento da lesão dos tecidos moles de jogadores de futebol / Aplicación de chen yuangao para tratar lesiones de tejidos blandos en jugadores de fútbol

ABSTRACT The treatment of soft tissue injury in football players generally includes physical therapy, anti-inflammatory and analgesic drug treatment, surgical treatment and early rest immobilization. Western medicine treatment of soft tissue injury can quickly heal the wound and relieve pain in a short time. The treatment of traditional Chinese medicine is based on the whole and must seek the root of the disease. It is believed that the occurrence of certain diseases is related to Qi, blood, liver and kidney deficiency, so we should pay attention to the overall adjustment during treatment of symptoms. In view of this, this study analyzed the effect of Chen Yuan ointment, from traditional Chinese medicine, in the treatment of soft tissue injury. Sixty-eight football players who completed ankle ligament reconstruction were divided into four groups according to the type of operation and whether Chen Yuangao-assisted rehabilitation was used or not. The results showed that the Ankle Hindfoot Function Score and the visual analog scale (VAS) score of patients in the fibula brevis tendon reconstruction Chen Yuan ointment group were 98.3 and 0.3, respectively, at the last follow-up, which were better than those in other groups, and had lower pain scores. This result shows that Chen Yuangao has a certain effect in the treatment of soft tissue injury, which can provide a research idea for the rapid rehabilitation of football players.

RESUMO O tratamento de lesões dos tecidos moles em jogadores de futebol inclui geralmente terapia física, tratamento anti-inflamatório e analgésico, tratamento cirúrgico e imobilização de repouso precoce. O tratamento de lesões nos tecidos moles, utilizando a medicina ocidental, pode curar rapidamente as lesões e aliviar a dor em pouco tempo. A medicina tradicional chinesa se baseia no todo e deve procurar a raiz da doença. Acredita-se que a ocorrência de certas doenças está relacionada à deficiência de Qi, sangue, fígado e rim do corpo humano, por isso devemos prestar atenção ao ajuste global no tratamento dos sintomas. A partir desta perspectiva, este estudo analisou o efeito da tradicional pomada chinesa Chen Yuan no tratamento de lesões dos tecidos moles. No total, 68 jogadores de futebol que fizeram reconstrução dos ligamentos do tornozelo foram divididos em quatro grupos de acordo com o tipo de operação e se a pomada Chen Yuangao ajudou ou não na reabilitação. Os resultados mostraram que o escore da função do tornozelo retropé (Ankle Hindfoot Function Score) e o escore da Escala Analógica Visual (EVA) dos pacientes do grupo pomada Chenyuan para reconstrução do tendão fibular curto foram 98,3 e 0,3, respectivamente, no último seguimento, sendo melhores do que os de outros grupos e apresentando menores níveis de dor. Estes resultados mostra que a pomada Chen Yuangao exerce certo efeito no tratamento de lesões dos tecidos moles, pode constituir uma ideia de pesquisa para a rápida reabilitação dos jogadores de futebol.

RESUMEN El tratamiento de lesiones de los tejidos blandos en jugadores de fútbol incluye generalmente terapia física, tratamiento antinflamatorio y analgésico, tratamiento quirúrgico e inmovilización de reposo precoz. El tratamiento de lesiones en los tejidos blandos, utilizando la medicina occidental, puede curar rápidamente las lesiones y aliviar el dolor en poco tiempo. La medicina tradicional china se basa en el todo y debe procurar la raíz de la enfermedad. Se cree que la ocurrencia de ciertas enfermedades está relacionada a la deficiencia de Qi, sangre, hígado y riñón del cuerpo humano, por eso debemos prestar atención al ajuste global en el tratamiento de los síntomas. A partir de esta perspectiva, este estudio analizó el efecto de la tradicional pomada china Chen Yuan en el tratamiento de lesiones de los tejidos blandos. En total, 68 jugadores de fútbol que hicieron reconstrucción de los ligamentos del tobillo fueron divididos en cuatro grupos de acuerdo con el tipo de operación y si la pomada Chen Yuangao ayudó o no en la rehabilitación. Los resultados mostraron que el escore de la función del retropié del tobillo (Ankle Hindfoot Function Score) y el escore de la Escala Analógica Visual (EVA) de los pacientes del grupo pomada Chenyuan para reconstrucción del tendón fibular corto fueron 98,3 y 0,3, respectivamente, en el último segmento, siendo mejores que los de otros grupos y presentando menores niveles de dolor. Estos resultados muestran que la pomada Chen Yuangao ejerce cierto efecto en el tratamiento de lesiones de los tejidos blandos, puede constituir una idea de investigación para la rápida rehabilitación de los jugadores de fútbol.

The curative effect of traditional chinese medicine compounded medications in relieving racewalking fatigue / O efeito curativo dos medicamentos manipulados da medicina chinesa tradicional para aliviar a fadiga da marcha atlética / Observación del efecto curativo del compuesto de medicina tradicional china para aliviar la fatiga de la carrera

ABSTRACT Racewalking fatigue is a kind of fatigue symptom after a period of racewalking, which may lead to limb weakness, mental fatigue, muscle fatigue and other phenomena. If we do not timely adjust the stretching and effective treatment after exercise, it is very easy to produce sports injury and seriously affect the athletes' physical function. In order to effectively alleviate the fatigue of racewalking, this study focused on the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compounded medication, analyzed the mechanism of action and medicinal effectiveness of the TCM compound, and carried out control experiment on 80 male ICR mice. The mice in the experimental group were given sedentary training and racewalking training in groups. The results showed that the two groups of ICR mice, after racewalking training, had exercise fatigue symptoms and a large amount of serum lactic acid and other substances, while mice in group D treated by gavage of traditional Chinese medicine compounded medication had the symptoms of exercise fatigue, but the contents of blood urea nitrogen and lactic acid were decreased, the gastrocnemius muscle fibers were evenly arranged, the transverse lines were neat, and a rebound of protein expression. This shows that Chinese medicine compound can play a significant role in relieving racewalking fatigue.

RESUMO A fadiga causada pela marcha atlética é um tipo de sintoma que acomete os atletas após um período de prática do exercício, que pode ocasionar fraqueza dos membros, fadiga mental, fadiga muscular e outros fenômenos. Na ausência de alongamento e tratamento eficaz após o exercício, as lesões causadas pelo esporte podem afetar seriamente a função física dos atletas. A fim de aliviar de maneira eficaz a fadiga causada pela marcha atlética, o presente estudo se concentrou nos medicamentos manipulados na medicina tradicional chinesa (MTC), analisou o mecanismo de ação e eficácia medicinal dos medicamentos da MTC, e realizou experimentos de controle em 80 camundongos do tipo ICR masculinos. Os camundongos do grupo experimental receberam treinamento sedentário e treinamento de corrida em grupo. Os resultados mostraram que os dois grupos de camundongos ICR, após treino de marcha atlética, apresentavam sintomas de fadiga, e grande quantidade de ácido láctico sérico, além de outras substâncias, enquanto os camundongos do grupo D tratados com gavagem do medicamento manipulado tiveram sintomas de fadiga, mas com redução do teor sanguíneo de ureia e ácido láctico, fibras musculares gastrocnêmias uniformemente arranjadas, linhas transversais regulares, e efeito rebote da expressão proteica. Isto mostra que os medicamentos manipulados da medicina chinesa podem desempenhar um papel significativo no alívio da fadiga causada pela marcha atlética.

RESUMEN La fatiga causada por la marcha atlética es un tipo de síntoma que afecta los atletas después de un período de práctica del ejercicio, que puede ocasionar debilidad de los miembros, fatiga mental, fatiga muscular y otros fenómenos. En ausencia de elongación y tratamiento eficaz después del ejercicio, las lesiones causadas por el deporte pueden afectar seriamente la función física de los atletas. A fin de aliviar de manera eficaz la fatiga causada por la marcha atlética, el presente estudio se concentró en los medicamentos manipulados en la medicina tradicional china (MTC), analizó el mecanismo de acción y eficacia medicinal de los medicamentos da MTC, y realizó experimentos de control en 80 ratones del tipo ICR masculinos. Los ratones del grupo experimental recibieron entrenamiento sedentario y entrenamiento de carrera en grupo. Los resultados mostraron que los dos grupos de ratones ICR, después de entrenamiento de marcha atlética, presentaban síntomas de fatiga, y gran cantidad de ácido láctico sérico, además de otras sustancias, mientras que los ratones del grupo D tratados con gavaje del medicamento manipulado tuvieron síntomas de fatiga, pero con reducción del tenor sanguíneo de urea y ácido láctico, fibras musculares del gastrocnemio uniformemente arregladas, líneas transversales regulares, y efecto rebote de la expresión proteica. Esto muestra que los medicamentos manipulados de la medicina china pueden desempeñar un papel significativo en el alivio de la fatiga causada por la marcha atlética.

Efficacy and mechanism of traditional chinese medicine gel in sports-related soft tissue injury / Eficácia e mecanismo do tradicional gel da medicina chinesa em lesões desportivas de tecidos moles / Eficacia y mecanismo del gel de medicina tradicional china en lesiones deportivas de tejidos blandos

ABSTRACT Soft tissue injury is the most common disease in orthopedics, and it is also the most easily neglected disease in sports. Without timely and effective treatment, it is easy to develop into malignant strain and seriously affect life and sports. In view of this, the aim of this study is to analyze the effect and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine gel in treating such injuries in the light of the characteristics of sports-related soft tissue injury. The right gastrocnemius muscle injury was simulated in 36 adult male rats. Chinese medicine gel and tincture were used to treat it. The contents of interleukin, alanine aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen and prostaglandin E2 in the blood of rats under different courses of treatment were analyzed to explore recovery in four rats. The results showed that the levels of interleukin and prostaglandin E2 in the blood of rats treated with drugs were significantly lower than those in the control group (p<0.05), indicating that both drugs have obvious therapeutic effects on soft tissue injury. The content of interleukin in the blood of the Chinese medicine gel group was slightly lower than that of the tincture group, indicating that the Chinese medicine gel could affect the recovery of soft tissue injury by affecting leukocyte interleukin. This result is helpful in the treatment of soft tissue injury in sports and to further improve the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine gel.

RESUMO A lesão dos tecidos moles é a doença mais comum na ortopedia, e é também a doença mais facilmente negligenciada nos esportes. Sem tratamento ágil e eficaz, facilmente evolui para luxações malignas, afetando seriamente a vida e a prática de esportes. Em vista disso, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar o efeito e o mecanismo do gel da medicina tradicional chinesa no tratamento de tais lesões, com base nas características da lesão dos tecidos moles relacionada à prática esportiva. Estimulou-se lesão do músculo gastrocnêmio direito em 36 ratos adultos. O gel e a tintura chinesa foram usados para o tratamento. Foram analisados os conteúdos de interleucina, alanina aminotransferase, ureia sanguínea azoto e prostaglandina E2 no sangue dos ratos sob diferentes tratamentos, de modo a explorar a recuperação de quatro ratos. Os resultados mostraram que os níveis de interleucina e prostaglandina E2 no sangue dos ratos tratados com medicamentos eram significativamente inferiores aos do grupo controle (p<0.05), indicando que ambos os fármacos têm efeitos terapêuticos óbvios sobre lesões dos tecidos moles. O teor de interleucina no sangue do grupo gel chinês medicinal mostrou-se ligeiramente inferior ao do grupo tintura, indicando que o gel medicinal chinês pode afetar a recuperação da lesão nos tecidos moles, afetando o leucócito interleucina. Este resultado é útil para o tratamento de lesões dos tecidos moles relacionadas à prática esportiva e para melhorar ainda mais o efeito terapêutico do gel da medicina chinesa tradicional.

RESUMEN La lesión de los tejidos blandos es la enfermedad más común en la ortopedia, y es también la enfermedad más fácilmente descuidada en los deportes. Sin tratamiento ágil y eficaz, fácilmente evolucionan a luxaciones malignas, afectando seriamente la vida y la práctica de deportes. En vista de eso, el objetivo de este estudio es analizar el efecto y el mecanismo del gel de la medicina tradicional china en el tratamiento de tales lesiones, con base en las características de la lesión de los tejidos blandos relacionada a la práctica deportiva. Se estimuló lesión del músculo gastrocnemio derecho en 36 ratones adultos. El gel y la tintura china fueron usados para el tratamiento. Fueron analizados los contenidos de interleucina, alanina aminotransferasa, urea sanguínea, nitrógeno y prostaglandina E2 en la sangre de los ratones bajo diferentes tratamientos, de modo de explorar la recuperación de cuatro ratones. Los resultados mostraron que los niveles de interleucina y prostaglandina E2 en la sangre de los ratones tratados con medicamentos eran significativamente inferiores a los del grupo control (p<0.05), indicando que ambos fármacos tienen efectos terapéuticos obvios sobre lesiones de los tejidos blandos. El tenor de interleucina en la sangre del grupo gel chino medicinal se mostró ligeramente inferior al del grupo tintura, indicando que el gel medicinal chino puede afectar la recuperación de la lesión en los tejidos blandos, afectando el leucocito interleucina. Este resultado es útil para el tratamiento de lesiones de los tejidos blandos relacionadas a la práctica deportiva y para mejorar aún más el efecto terapéutico del gel de la medicina china tradicional.

Tratamento imediato da dor e limitação de abertura bucal nas disfunções temporomandibulares, através da Medicina Tradicional Chinesa (MTC) / Immediate treatment of pain and limitation of mouth opening in temporomandibular disorders through Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)

Disfunção Temporomandibular (DTM) apresenta-se como principal causa de dores orofaciais de origem não dentária. A acupuntura é indicada para o alívio de da dor em casos de DTM muscular, baseada em propriedades anti-inflamatórias com efeitos neuro-hormonais. Objetivou-se nesta pesquisa a avaliação da eficácia da acupuntura como um método válido para redução imediata da sintomatologia dolorosa e limitação de abertura bucal nos casos de DTM. Realizou-se terapia acupuntural em 30 pacientes com DTM, avaliando-se a dor, a partir da Escala Verbal (EV) e da Escala Analógica Visual (EAV) e a limitação de abertura bucal com o auxílio de paquímetro digital antes e após a terapia para registro da análise. O aumento da média de abertura bucal foi de 9,2% no total de participantes. Quanto à sintomatologia dolorosa, apresentou redução média em 63%. Na EV, 27 dos pacientes tiveram resposta "moderada" e "intensa" para sensação dolorosa. Contudo, após a terapia, observou-se ausência de sensação dolorosa intensa. Os dados apontaram significância da terapia acupuntural para redução dor e limitação de abertura bucal, de forma imediata, em pacientes com DTM... (AU)

Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) is the main cause of orofacial pain of non-dental origin. Acupuncture is indicated for pain relief in cases of muscle TMD, based on anti-inflammatory properties with neuro hormonal effects. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of the acupuncture as a valid method for immediate reduction of painful symptoms and mouth opening limitation in TMD cases. Acupuncture therapy was performed in 30 patients with TMD, evaluating pain from the Verbal Scale (VE) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and mouth opening limitation with the aid of a digital caliper before and after therapy to record the analysis. The increase in the average mouth opening was 9.2% in the total number of participants. As for painful symptoms, an average reduction of 63%. In IV, 27 of the patients had "moderate" and "intense" responses to painful sensation. However, after therapy, the absence of intense painful sensation was observed. The data showed the significance of acupuncture therapy for immediate pain reduction and mouth opening limitation in patients with TMD... (AU)

Integrative approach to a patient following rumenotomy - case report / [Abordagem integrativa ao paciente submetido à ruminotomia - relato de caso]

Concern with antimicrobial resistance in animal production systems increases the interest toward integrative therapies. The objective of the present report was to report an integrative approach to a goat undergoing rumenotomy. A goat with ruminal acidosis underwent rumenotomy, corrective rumen suture, moxibustion, and treatment of the surgical wound (TFO) with sugar. In the first twenty days, acupuncture was performed on ST36, indirect moxibustion on Sp6 and CV8, and TFO with antibiotic ointment and sugar. The wound contracted 2cm, there was gradual return of ruminal dynamics, and moderate pain. Acupuncture continued from D21 to D50 on Yin tang, BL13, BL20, BL23, and BL22. Although there was drainage of ruminal fluid, the wound contracted 4cm during this period, pain was absent, and ruminal dynamics normal. During the last thirty days, the acupuncture technique surround the dragon was used and BL13 point needled, with complete closure of the wound. The TFO from D21 was performed solely with sugar. During treatment, there was modulation of the inflammatory response, with formation of granulation tissue and neovascularization. On D84, fibrinogen was 100mg/dL. The authors conclude that the use of sugar, acupuncture, and moxibustion contributed to return of normal ruminal motility, wound contraction, and complete tissue reepithelization.(AU)

A preocupação com a resistência antimicrobiana nos sistemas de produção animal aumenta o interesse pelas terapias integrativas. Objetiva-se relatar a abordagem integrativa ao paciente caprino submetido à ruminotomia. Uma cabra com acidose ruminal foi submetida à ruminotomia, ruminorrafia, moxabustão, acupuntura e tratamento da ferida operatória (TFO) com açúcar. Nos primeiros vinte dias realizou-se acupuntura em ST36, moxa indireta em Sp6 e CV8, TFO com pomada antibiótica e açúcar. A ferida contraiu 2cm, houve retorno gradual da dinâmica ruminal e dor moderada. A acupuntura continuou de D21 a D50 em Yin tang, BL13, BL20, BL23 e BL22. Apesar da ferida drenar fluido ruminal teve contração de 4cm nesse período, ausência de dor e retorno fisiológico da dinâmica ruminal. Nos últimos trinta dias foi realizada a técnica de acupuntura cercar o dragão e punturou-se o ponto BL13, com fechamento completo da ferida. O TFO a partir do D21 foi realizado somente com açúcar. Durante tratamento houve modulação da resposta inflamatória com formação de tecido de granulação e neoangiogênesse, o D84 revelou fibrinogênio 100mg/dL. Conclui-se que a utilização do açúcar, acupuntura e moxabustão contribuíram para o retorno fisiológico da motilidade ruminal, contração da ferida e completa reepitelização tecidual.(AU)

Development of a species-specific PCR assay for authentication of Agkistrodon acutus based on mitochondrial cytochrome b gene

BACKGROUND: Agkistrodon acutus, a traditional Chinese medicine, clinically used in the treatment of rheumatism, tumor, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Due to the unique medicinal value and the difficulty of artificial breeding of Agkistrodon acutus, the supply of Agkistrodon acutus on the market exceeds the demand, and a large number of its adulterants are found on the market. In this study, the cytb gene sequences of Agkistrodon acutus and 9 snakes were compared and analyzed, specific primers were designed, and specific PCR methods were established to detect Agkistrodon acutus medicinal samples on the market. RESULTS: This method was successfully applied to distinguish the snake from other adulterated species, and tested 18 Agkistrodon acutus samples randomly purchased from six cities. Twelve samples were counterfeit and six were genuine. The standard reference material of Agkistrodon acutus was cloned by molecular cloning and sequencing, and the gene sequence difference with other species was significant. It shows that the region could be used as the fingerprint region of the target species. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed method can be used as a species-specific marker and can be highly distinguished from other adulterated snake species, which is helpful to effectively avoid the problem of false sale of Agkistrodon acutus.

Autocuidado autorreferido: contribuições da Medicina Clássica Chinesa para a Atenção Primária à Saúde / Self-referred self-care: the contributions of traditional Chinese Medicine to Primary Health Care / Autocuidado auto-referido: contribuciones de la medicina clásica china a la Atención Primaria de la Salud

As recomendações biomédicas para o autocuidado tendem a prescrições comportamentais preventivistas (heterorreferidas). A introdução de lógicas não biomédicas no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), como a Medicina Chinesa, não tem sido suficiente para mudar a perspectiva do autocuidado na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Frente à redução do autocuidado da Medicina Chinesa na sua diáspora para o Ocidente, discute-se o potencial de enriquecimento do autocuidado a partir da totalidade de práticas da Medicina Clássica Chinesa e sua possibilidade de contribuir para os objetivos da APS. Este ensaio é baseado em três fontes: entrevistas com acupunturistas da APS, autoetnografia e análise da literatura. Conclui-se que a Medicina Clássica Chinesa fomenta o autoconhecimento, autopercepção e aprendizado (autorreferidos) pelas suas técnicas e ou sua abordagem, podendo ser um potencializador das ações de fomento ao autocuidado na APS.

Biomedical recommendations on self-care tend towards (hetero-referred) preventive behavioral prescriptions. The incorporation of non-biomedical approaches such as Chinese medicine into the public health care system has not been enough to change perspectives on self-care in primary health care (PHC). In the face of the reduction of self-care in Chinese medicine in its diaspora to the West, the literature has discussed the potential for enhancing self-care by building on the practices of traditional Chinese medicine and its potential to contribute to the objectives of PHC. This essay draws on three sources: interviews with acupuncturists working in primary care services, autoethnography and an analysis of the literature. It is concluded that traditional Chinese medicine fosters (self-referred) self-knowledge, self- awareness and learning through its techniques or approach, potentiating actions designed to promote self-care in PHC.

Las recomendaciones biomédicas para el autocuidado tienden a prescripciones comportamentales de prevención (hetero-referidas). La introducción de lógicas no biomédicas en el Sistema Único de Salud, como la medicina china, no ha sido suficiente para cambiar la perspectiva del autocuidado en la atención primaria de la salud (APS). Ante la reducción del autocuidado de la medicina china en su diáspora hacia occidente, se discute el potencial de enriquecimiento del autocuidado a partir de la totalidad de prácticas de la medicina clásica china y su posibilidad de contribuir con los objetivos de la APS. Este ensayo se basa en tres fuentes: entrevistas con profesionales de acupuntura de la APS; autoetnografía y análisis de la literatura. Se concluyó que la medicina clásica china fomenta el autoconocimiento, la autopercepción y al aprendizaje (auto-referidos) por sus técnicas o su abordaje, pudiendo ser un potenciador de las acciones de fomento al autocuidado en la APS.