Avances en bioingeniería dental y su aplicación en ortodoncia y ortopedia dentofacial: Una revisión de literatura / Advances in dental bioengineering and their application in orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics: A literature review

conocer la importancia de la terapia génica, celular y tisular como enfoque novedoso de la medicina regenerativa para la biomecánica ortodóntica y ortopedia dentofacial, ampliando su campo de acción, corrigiendo defectos estructurales y ofreciendo alternativas biológicas de alta calidad para la consulta especialista. Los avances en tecnología, acceso a información y exigencias actuales crean una necesidad de innovación estratégica por el clínico; el objetivo de esta revisión es describir los enfoques actuales en bioingeniería dental y terapia génica con sus aplicaciones clínicas enfocadas directamente en la consulta de ortodoncia y ortopedia dentofacial. Esto va a permitir ampliar la visión del especialista, crear necesidad de actualización constante y operar bajo evidencia científica. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos: Scopus, Medline y ScienceDirect, con las palabras clave: Bioengineering, Stem Cells, Gen Therapy. Finalmente se pudo concluir que el enfoque de la consulta odontológica va dirigido a la medicina regenerativa como terapia convencional, innovadora y de alta calidad; ofreciendo resultados con gran cercanía a la biología humana natural, eficacia a largo plazo y menor porcentaje de efectos adversos, ampliando la visión de todas aquellas fronteras en el manejo clínico del paciente

The advances in dental bioengineering disclose the importance of genetic, cellular and tissue therapies as the latest approach to the regenerative medicine for biomechanical orthodontic and dentofacial orthopedics; extending its scope, correcting structural flaws and offering biological alternatives with high quality technology for specialist practices. In this review, some recent findings related to genetic advances in dental bioengineering are provided and applied to the induction of the potential cell forming in the craniofacial complex and its clinical applications. A special research was made using some databases such as: Scopus, Medline and Science Direct, with the following keywords: Bioengineering, Stem cells, and Gen therapy. Finally, we can conclude that the focus of dental practice is led to regenerative medicine as a conventional, innovative and high quality therapy, giving closely results to natural human biology, long term effectivity and less adverse effects. Then we can scope out the vision of all clinic procedures limits with all patients

Advances in improving mammalian cells metabolism for recombinant protein production

Background: The production of recombinant proteins for therapeutic use represents a great impact on the biotechnology industry. In this context, established mammalian cell lines, especially CHO cells, have become a standard system for the production of such proteins. Their ability to properly configure and excrete proteins in functional form is an enormous advantage which should be contrasted with their inherent technological limitations. These cell systems exhibit a metabolic behaviour associated with elevated cell proliferation which involves a high consumption of glucose and glutamine, resulting in the rapid depletion of these nutrients in the medium and the accumulation of ammonium and lactate. Both phenomena contribute to the limitation of cell growth, the triggering of apoptotic processes and the loss of quality of the recombinant protein. Results: In this review, the use of alternative substrates and genetic modifications (host cell engineering) are analyzed as tools to overcome those limitations. In general, the results obtained are promising. However, metabolic and physiological phenomena involved in CHO cells are still barely understood. Thus, most of publications are focused on specific modifications rather than giving a systemic perspective. Conclusions: A deeper insight in the integrated understanding of metabolism and cell mechanisms is required in order to define complementary strategies at these two levels, so providing effective means to control nutrients consumption, reduce by-products and increase process productivity.

Medicina regenerativa: posibles aplicaciones de la medicina regenerativa en las afecciones del aparato locomotor. protocolo de investigación clínica. Informe preliminar / Regenerative medicine: possible applications of regenerative medicine in locomotor system diseases. Clinical research protocol. Preliminary report

El deterioro funcional de un órgano o tejido es un problema médico grave y de alto costo, ya que la sustitución de estas estructuras involucra, entre otros, múltiples factores de orden científico, económico y ético. La medicina busca en la actualidad convertir en realidad la regeneración de los tejidos mediante el desarrollo de terapias para restaurar, en el cuerpo humano, las células y los tejidos envejecidos o dañados. En esta comunicación preliminar presentamos una serie de pacientes donde se utilizaron células mesenquimales, mononucleares, autólogas, obtenidas de la médula ósea de la cresta ilíaca del propio enfermo, para tratar distintas afecciones. Desde noviembre de 2005 hasta mayo 2011, tratamos 23 pacientes, con un promedio de edad de 55,39 años. Once pseudoartrosis; 2 retardos de consolidación; 3 alargamientos óseos; 1 defecto osteo-tegumentario de tibia; 3 pacientes con necrosis óseas asépticas; 1 quiste óseo de cuello femoral; 4 artrosis incipientes de rodilla; 1 lesión del manguito rotador del hombro y 1 entesitis crónica aquiliana. El procedimiento se realizó en todos los casos en forma ambulatoria. Todos los procedimientos se realizaron en quirófano bajo anestesia general breve y con rigurosa asepsia. Utilizamos métodos reglados para cosechar células madre mesenquimáticas mononucleares de médula ósea del propio enfermo. Igualmente de manera reglada se cosecha sangre periférica del paciente para obtener, una vez procesada, plasma enriquecido con plaquetas y lisado de plaquetas. Logramos consolidación clínica y radiológica en 10 de los 11 casos de peudoartrosis (90,90 por ciento), en los 2 casos de retardo de consolidación, en los 3 alargamientos óseos y en el defecto osteo-tegumentario de tibia...

The functional impairment of an organ or tissue is a serious and high cost medical problem. The replacement of these structures involves multiple scientific, economical and ethical issues. All medical physicians and researchers are working nowadays to make possible tissue regeneration by developing therapies to restore damaged, aged or dead cells and tissues of the human body. At this preliminary report we present a series of patients, with various pathologies, in which we used autologous mononuclear mesenchymal cells, harvested from the bone marrow of the patient's iliac crest. Since November 2005 until May 2011, 23 patients, with an average age of 55,39 years, were treated: 11 non unions; 2 delayed unions; 3 bone lengthening; 1 tibia severe lesion of soft tissue and loss of bone; 3 aseptic osteo necrosis; 1 femoral neck bone cyst, 4 mild knee osteoarthritis, 1 rotator cuff injury and 1 chronic Achilles enthesitis. All were ambulatory patients. Performed in an operating room, with strict aseptic conditions, under short general anesthesia. The autologous bone marrow with mesenchymal mononuclear stem cells was harvested under predetermined protocols. Also, pre determined protocols were used to collect the patient's peripheral blood to be sent to the laboratory to obtain platelet rich plasma (PRP) and concentrated lyses platelets in plasma. We achieved clinical and radiological osseous union in: 10 of 11 non unions (90, 90 percent), in 2 delayed unions, in 3 bone lengthening and also in the tibia's severe soft tissue and bone defect. Based on this experience we can conclude that the stimulation of bone consolidation with a concentrated autologous mesenchymal stem cells, obtained from the patient's iliac crest, resulted to be a safe, reliable, minimally invasive procedure with a high rate of success...